Unit

3

War

and

peaceSection

Ⅳ

Expanding

your

worldⅠ.

單詞分層默寫1.單詞拼寫①__________ adj.狂暴的，兇暴的violent②___________ n.目的，目標objective③___________ n.暴力violence④_________ adv.勉強才能barely⑤___________ v.解放（城市、國家等）liberate⑥___________ adj.紀念的，追悼的memorial⑦______________ adj.杰出的，優(yōu)秀的outstandingfriction⑧___________ n.沖突、摩擦disarm⑨_________ v.解除武裝stability⑩____________ n.穩(wěn)固，穩(wěn)定academic?___________ adj.學術的bomb?_______ v.轟炸intellectual?_______________ adj.智力的，腦力的emerge?_________ v.出現(xiàn)misty?________ adj.多霧的dedication?_____________ n.奉獻representative?_________________ n.代表sum?______ n.金額，款項relevant?___________ adj.有關的，切題的grain?________ n.谷物，糧食2.拓展單詞①___________n.沖突，摩擦→_____________adj.摩擦（力）的；由摩擦而生的→_______________adj.無摩擦的；光滑的frictionfrictionalfrictionless②_________v.解除武裝→______v.武裝→_______n.陸軍，軍隊disarmarmarmy③____________n.穩(wěn)固，穩(wěn)定→_________adj.穩(wěn)定的，牢固的；穩(wěn)重的→___________adj.不穩(wěn)定的；動蕩的；易變的stabilitystableunstable④__________________n.專業(yè)水準→_______________adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的；職業(yè)性的→_____________n.職業(yè)；專業(yè)professionalismprofessionalprofessiondisruptdisruption⑤__________v.擾亂→_____________n.擾亂，打亂，中斷fortifyfortified⑥__________v.激勵，加強→____________adj.加強的；防御的emergeemergency⑦_________v.出現(xiàn)→____________n.緊急情況；突發(fā)事件→___________adj.新興的；處于發(fā)展初期的emergentprominentprominently⑧____________adj.著名的，杰出的→______________adv.顯著地dedicationdedicate⑨_____________n.奉獻→___________vt.致力；獻身；題獻representativerepresent⑩_________________n.代表→____________vt.代表；描繪commemoratecommemoration?______________v.慶祝，為……舉行紀念活動→________________n.紀念；慶典；紀念儀式reaffirmreaffirmation?___________v.重申，再次確定→________________n.重申；再斷言；再確認collectivecollectively?_____________adj.集體的；共同的→_______________adv.集體地，共同地→_____________n.聚集collectionworthyworth?_________adj.值得敬重的；值得的→________adj.值……錢的n.價值→_____________adj.值得花費時間（或花錢、精力等）的worthwhilecommittedcommit?____________adj.投入的；堅信的；堅定的→_________v.投入；犯（罪或錯）；承諾，保證→_____________n.承諾，保證；投入，奉獻；約束，義務commitmentsurvivesurvival?__________vi.&vt.生存；挺過（難關）→___________n.幸存，存活→___________n.幸存者survivordepthdeepdeepen?________n.深度；深厚→_______adj.深的→_________vt.使加深；使強烈→_________adv.深深地deeplyoccupyoccupation?_________vt.占領；占用（時間、空間等）→_____________n.占領；占用；工作，職業(yè)operationoperate?____________n.運作；經(jīng)營業(yè)務；手術→__________v.運作；動手術；起作用combinecombination?__________vt.&vi.（使）組合；（使）聯(lián)合→______________n.聯(lián)合；結合Ⅱ.

短語搭配翻譯1.放下；鎮(zhèn)壓___________putdown2.投入;投身于_____________throwinto3.把……稱作,把……當作_____________________referto...as...4.為……感到悲傷_______________feelsadfor5.遵守;信守;堅持__________keepto6.在……中發(fā)揮作用_________________playarolein7.待命_____________onstandby8.執(zhí)行____________carryout9.突圍________________breakthroughtrackdown10.追捕_____________makeit11.成功,達到__________beseenwidelyas12.被廣泛視為____________________preparefor13.為……做準備______________meetupwith14.與……會合_______________remove...from15.從……中移走或除掉___________________atdawn16.拂曉__________memorialceremony17.紀念儀式____________________marchto18.向……進軍___________byparachute19.乘降落傘_______________violenceandhorror20.暴力和恐怖______________________amongstthetanks21.在坦克之間____________________outstandingactsofcourage22.杰出的勇敢行為______________________________Ⅲ.

教材原句翻譯1.……這是歷史上規(guī)模最大的海、陸、空聯(lián)合行動,目的是將西北歐從德國占領下解放出來。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________...itwasthelargestcombinedsea,airandlandoperationinhistory,theaimbeingtofreenorth-westEuropefromGermanoccupation.2.我對你們的勇氣、責任心和作戰(zhàn)能力充滿了信心。__________________________________________________________________________________Ihavefullconfidenceinyourcourage,devotiontodutyandskillinbattle.3.盟軍士兵耳中回蕩著這些話語,為登陸諾曼底做準備。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________Withthesewordsringingintheirears,AlliedsoldierspreparedforwhatwouldbecomeknownasD-Day.4.與此同時,還有數(shù)千人在戰(zhàn)斗機的保護下穿越英吉利海峽前往諾曼底。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Meanwhile,thousandsmorewerejourneyingacrosstheEnglishChanneltoNormandy,protectedbyfighterplanesintheskiesabovethem.5.敵人藏身于各個地方,甚至準備在盟軍登陸前就開始進攻。____________________________________________________________________________________________Theenemywerehiding,readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiersevenbeforetheyreachedland.6.真正的戰(zhàn)爭絕不是浪漫的,因為它帶來痛苦和巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。______________________________________________________________________________Realwarisneverromanticasitbringssufferingandimmensechallenges.7.這三所大學的教授和學生都進行了長達2,000多千米的史詩般的旅行,其中大多數(shù)人都是步行。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Professorsandstudentsalikeinthethreeuniversitiesmadeanepicjourneyoveradistanceofmorethan2,000kilometres,mostofthemonfoot.8.他們不得不住在簡陋的房子里,一間屋子擠40個人,就像沙丁魚一樣。___________________________________________________________________________Theyhadtoliveinroughbuildings,packed40toaroom,likesardines.9.在一種責任感的驅使下,許多人參軍抵抗日本侵略者,保衛(wèi)國家的榮譽。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Drivenbyasenseofcommitment,agreatmanyjoinedthearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.10.……我們必須按住桌子上的紙,否則紙就會被吹走。___________________________________________________________________________________________...wehadtoholddownthepaperonthedesk,whichwouldotherwisebeblownaway.Ⅳ.

書面表達結合本單元主題,使用本單元詞匯與句型寫一篇語言流暢、用詞準確、邏輯嚴密的短文。1.2015年,我國隆重慶祝世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭暨中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年。（celebrate）2.和平已成為一個十分重要的問題。（nothinglessthan）3.世界各地仍有各種各樣的戰(zhàn)爭,不僅導致死亡而且造成廢墟。（notonly…butalso…）4.和平為我們在這個世界上的一切事業(yè)的最終目標奠定了基礎。（laythefoundationfor）5.我們要銘記歷史,樹立擔當精神,讓世界變得更和平、更和諧、更美好。（asenseofcommitment）Onepossibleversion:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________In2015,ourcountrycelebratedthe70thanniversaryofthevictoryofboththeWorldAnti-FascistWarandtheChinesePeople’sWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression.Asweallknow,peacehasbecomenothinglessthananimportantproblem.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Therearestillvariouswarsaroundtheworld,whichcausenotonlydeathbutalsoruins.Itseemsthatwarscan’tbeavoided.Butpeacelaysthefoundationfortheultimategoalofallofourundertakingsinthisworld.Wemustrememberthehistoryandhaveasenseofcommitment,makingtheworldamorepeaceful,moreharmoniousandmorebeautifulplacetolivein.Ⅰ.

語境填詞1.Hewasshockedbythe__________（狂暴的）reactionsofsomeofhishearers.violent2.Ilayinbedand___________（回想）thethingshehadtoldme.recalled3.Anastasiacould_________（勉強才能）remembertheridetothehospital.barely4.Severalinternationalcelebritieswerepresentatthestatesman’s___________（紀念的）service.memorialoutstanding5.Giventhechance,Johnmighthavebecomean______________（杰出的）painter.uniform6.Apolicemandoesnotweara__________（制服）whenheisoffduty.weapon7.Then,withaquickmovement,heplacedthe_________（武器）inmyhands.bomb8.A_______（炸彈）burstafewmetersawayfromwherewestood.emerged9.Nonewevidence__________（出現(xiàn)）duringtheinvestigation.10.Ifyouareanxioustofight,youshouldnotgotomeetthe__________（侵略者）nearariverwhichhehastocross.invaderⅡ.

語境選詞shirkone’sduty,blowaway,atwar,breakthrough,lightup,serveas,asumof,trackdown1.OnSeptember5,attheendofthefestivallastyear,ahugedisplayoffireworks_________theskyaroundthewholearea.litup2.Strongwindscanalso____________thevaluablesoilthatliesonthetopofthefields.blowaway3.Ournationis_________againstafar-reachingnetworkofviolenceandhate.atwar4.Insomecountries,smartphonesandothermobiledevices___________replacementsforthetraditionaldesktopcomputer.serveasasumof5.Theypresented___________moneytotheschoolwheretheystudiedyearsago.brokethrough6.Thesun________________ataroundlunchtimeafterseveralcloudydays.7.Idon’tknowwherethatoldstorycamefrom.I’veneverbeenableto________it_______.trackdown8.Iamlookingforwardtothefuture,butIhavenoreasonsto________________.shirkmydutyⅢ.

完成句子1.醫(yī)生認為他能挺過去。Thedoctorsthinkhe’sgoingto__________.makeit2.像黃色這樣的暖色會讓人覺得食物更誘人，而冷色則會讓人感覺不那么餓。Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,_____________________________________________.whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry3.許多培訓班的目的是賺錢。Thepurposeofmanytrainingclasses___________________.istomakemoney4.難怪它能成為世界上最具身體意識的國家。_______________________itranksastheworld’smostbody-consciouscountry.Itisnowonderthat5.觀眾對演出甚感激動。Theaudience________________________bytheshow.was/wereveryexcited6.公眾有權知道這篇報告的內(nèi)容。Thepublic___________________toknowwhat’sinthereport.has/havearight7.每天早晨廣場上常有一大群人聚集。Abigcrowd________________onthesquareeverymorning.oftengathers8.星期天街上有一大群人。________________________inthestreetsonSunday.ThereisahugecrowdⅠ.

閱讀理解A[2021安徽安慶高一月考]DuringthemonthofSeptember,adearfriendofminelostherhusbandsuddenlyinanaccident.Thisaccidentwassuddenandcertainlyunexpected.Wesometimestakeourlovedonesforgranted,andweexpectthattheywillbewithusforever.However,asweallknow,lifedoesnotworkthatwayandsometimeswegetawake-upcallthatshocksusandrealizehowshortlifeis.Inordertocomforther,ItriedtoimagineifIwasinhershoeshowIwouldfeel.Itwasimpossibletoimaginewhatshewasgoingthrough.WhatwordsdoIsaytohelpher？Sometimeswordsjustcannotexpressourfeelings.Sometimesouractionsaremuchmoremeaningfulthanwords.Ahugcansometimesexpressmorethanourwordswilleverexpress.Sometimes,justbeingtheretolistenismoremeaningfulandhelpfultopeople.AsIwasleavingthefuneralparlor（殯儀館）,IranintoMarilyn.Sheisoneofthosefriendswhoiswithyouinthegoodtimesandisalwaysbyyoursideinthebadtimes.Shehasasenseofhumorthatmakeseveryonefeelatease.Wechattedforafewmoments,andthensheaskedmehowmyjobwas.IwastellingherthatIwashavingastressfulweekwithmyjob.Shelistenedtome,thenwithoutsayingaword,shetookherhandsandplacedthemonmyface,andsaidtome,“Butatleastyouhaveaday.”Sincethatday,whenIstartfeelingstressed,IremindmyselfofMarilyn’swords-butatleastIhaveaday!Thingscouldbealotworse,butIamaliveandIhavealottobethankfulfor-soIshallnotwastemydayswithstressandfrustrations-lifeistooshort.C1.Theauthorwasmostlikelytocomfortherfriendby____.A.sayingmanykindwordstoherfriendB.imagininghowsadherfriendwasC.listeningtoherfriendsincerelyD.goingthroughalotoftroubles[解析][語篇解讀]本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要敘述的是,作者的一個好朋友失去了丈夫。在葬禮上，作者遇到了另一個朋友Marilyn，她對待生活的態(tài)度以及所說的話影響了作者，讓作者明白了人的一生是短暫的，要懂得感恩，珍惜生命。【命題立意】推理判斷題?！窘忸}思路】由第二段中“Sometimes,justbeingtheretolistenismoremeaningfulandhelpfultopeople.”可知，作者認為傾聽對于安撫她的朋友來說更有意義，更有幫助，由此可以推斷，作者最有可能通過傾聽的方式來安慰她的朋友。故選C項。2.Accordingtotheauthor,Marilynwas____.A.strong,honestandcleverB.positive,helpfulandhumorousC.lucky,activeanddeterminedD.wealthy,nobleandfriendlyB[解析]【命題立意】推理判斷題?！窘忸}思路】由倒數(shù)第二段中“Shehasasenseofhumorthatmakeseveryonefeelatease.Wechattedforafew...saidtome,‘Butatleastyouhaveaday.’”可知，Marilyn幽默風趣、樂觀開朗，在聽到作者的工作壓力時；主動安慰她。故選B項。3.Bysaying“Butatleastyouhaveaday”,Marilynmeansthat____.A.adayislongenoughforyouB.youwilldiesoonafterthedayC.lifeisreallytooshortforallofusD.youarestillaliveandshouldbegratefulD[解析]【命題立意】句意理解題。【解題思路】由倒數(shù)第二段中“Shelistenedtome,thenwithoutsayingaword,shetookherhandsandplacedthemonmyface,andsaidtome,‘Butatleastyouhaveaday.’”以及最后一段中“IamaliveandIhavealottobethankfulfor”可以推測，Marilyn說的話是指“你還活著，應該心存感激”。故選D項。4.Sincetheconversation,theauthor____.A.hasthoughthighlyofMarilynB.hasvaluedherlifequitealotC.hasmetwithmanydifficultiesD.hasenjoyedstressandtroublesB[解析]【命題立意】推理判斷題。【解題思路】由最后一段內(nèi)容可知,在經(jīng)過了和Marilyn的交流之后,作者意識到要珍惜自己的生命,不要浪費美好時光。故選B項。深度解析詞匯積累take...forgranted認為……理所當然unexpectedadj.意外的，想不到的comfortvt.安慰gothrough經(jīng)歷；瀏覽runinto偶遇；撞上remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事B[2020黑龍江哈爾濱高三下學期模擬]Instagram（圖片及影片分享社交應用程序）isabouttotakeitsbiggeststeptowardremovinglikesfromitsplatform.Aftermonthsoftestinganoptiontohidelikesinselectinternationalmarkets,Instagram,whichisownedbyFacebook（FB）,hasalreadybeentestinghidinglikesinsevenothercountries,includingCanada,IrelandandAustralia.Foryears,likeshavebeencentraltohowcelebrities,brands,politiciansandeverydayusersexperienceInstagramandFacebook.It’sawayofmeasuringpopularityandsuccess.Butinrecentmonths,Instagramhasbeenrethinkinghowlikescontributetomakingitsplatformmoretoxic.Nowit’sconsideringachange.Thetotalnumberoflikesonposts-whichappearasheartsontheapp-willdisappearfromInstagram’smainfeed,profilepagesandpermalink（永久鏈接）pages.Theowneroftheaccountcanstillseetheirownlikes,buttheirfollowerswon’tknowthecount.CNNBusinesspreviouslyspokewithusersincountrieswiththetest.Themajorityfeltthismovewouldimprovewell-beingontheapp.Instagramisthemostdetrimental（不利的，有害的）socialnetworkingappforyoungpeople’smentalhealth,suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage,accordingtoonestudy.Butotherusersandpsychologistssaidhidinglikeswon’tfixeverything.Thetestdoesn’taddresssomeofthekeywaysthatactivityonInstagramcanimpactthewell-beingofusers,includingbullying,feelingleftoutandthinkingotherpeople’slivesarebetterthantheirown.ReneeEngeln,apsychologyprofessoratNorthwesternUniversity,voicedhisopinionthatthebiggestimpactofInstagramisthecontentandtheexposuretothisconstantstreamofperfectedimagesiswhatseemstohurtpsychologically.Plus,userscanstillseetheirownlikes-andfeelbadlyiftheirpostsdon’tperformwell.5.HowdousersexperienceInstagraminthispassage?(

)A.Bygivinglikes. B.Byhidinglikes.C.Byselectingplatforms. D.Byshowingofftalents.A[解析][語篇解讀]本文為新聞報道。Instagram即將邁出最大的一步，從它的平臺上移除“點贊”。因為“點贊”讓平臺變得更“有毒”。幾個月來Instagram一直嘗試在一些國際市場隱藏“點贊”功能?！久}立意】細節(jié)理解題。【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段中“Foryears,likeshavebeencentraltohowcelebrities,brands,politiciansandeverydayusersexperienceInstagramandFacebook.”可知，多年來，“點贊”一直是名人、品牌、政客和普通用戶體驗Instagram和Facebook的核心。由此可知，用戶體驗Instagram是通過點贊的形式，故選A。6.Theunderlinedword“toxic”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“____”.A.profitable B.poisonous C.popular D.positiveB[解析]【命題立意】詞義猜測題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)畫線詞前的內(nèi)容可知，點贊一直是衡量受歡迎程度和成功的一種方法。接著用連詞but引出下文“Butinrecentmonths,Instagramhasbeenrethinkinghowlikescontributetomakingitsplatformmoretoxic.”由此可知，toxic是不好的一面。故選項B正確。7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?(

)A.Instagramhasaffectedyoungsters’mentalhealth.B.Theaccountownerswon’tknowthecountoflikes.C.Instagramtestedhidinglikesinsevencountriesfirst.D.ThemajoritythinkInstagramhasbeenawell-beingapp.A[解析]【命題立意】推理判斷題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)第三段“Themajorityfeltthismovewouldimprovewell-beingontheapp.Instagramisthemostdetrimental（不利的，有害的）socialnetworkingappforyoungpeople’smentalhealth,suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage,accordingtoonestudy.”可知，大多數(shù)人認為此舉將提高（使用）應用程序的幸福感。一項研究顯示，Instagram是對年輕人心理健康最有害的社交網(wǎng)絡應用，比如對身體形象產(chǎn)生負面影響。由此可推斷出Instagram影響了青少年的心理健康。故選A。8.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?(

)A.InstagramMisusesLikesB.MorePeopleAreAgainstLikesC.LikesCauseMentalProblemsD.LikesWillBeHiddenonInstagramD[解析]【命題立意】主旨大意題?！窘忸}思路】本文第一段敘述了Instagram即將邁出最大的一步,從它的平臺上移除“點贊”。文章分析“點贊”帶來的不好的影響，所以要在Instagram隱藏“點贊”功能。因此D項是最佳題目。故選D。深度解析詞匯積累contributeto有助于；促成majorityn.大多數(shù)impactn.影響；效果negativelyadv.消極地；否定地voicevt.表達；吐露Ⅱ.

語法填空[2020甘肅武威第六中學月考]Overthepasthalfcentury,usingchemicalfertilizers1.________________（become）verycommoninfarming.Manyfarmerswelcomed2.__________（they）asagreatway3._____________（stop）cropdiseaseandincreaseproduction.4.______________（recent）,however,scientistshavebeenfindingthatlong-termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamage5.________thelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople’shealth.Withthese6._________________（discovery）,hasbecomethemtostopRecentlytodiscoveriessomefarmersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming,7.___________issimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.There8._________（be）manydifferentorganicfarmingmethods.Allofthemhave9._________samegoal:togrowgoodfoodandwithout10.______________（damage）theenvironmentorpeople’shealth.arethedamagingwhichhasbecome1._____________[解析][語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)長久地使用化肥會使土地受損害，而且對人類健康有害。因此一些農(nóng)民開始轉向有機耕作?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語Overthepasthalfcentury可知，時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為usingchemicalfertilizers，謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填hasbecome。2._______them[解析]考查代詞。分析句子成分可知，所填空為賓語，應用they的賓格形式。故填them。3.__________tostop[解析]考查不定式。此處為動詞不定式作后置定語，修飾名詞way。故填tostop。4.___________Recently[解析]考查副詞。分析句子成分可知，所填空在句首，應是副詞作狀語。故填Recently。5._____to[解析]考查固定搭配。causedamagetosth.，意為“對……造成損壞，帶來損害”。故填to。6.______________discoveries[解析]考查名詞的數(shù)。分析句子結構可知，所填空之前有限定詞these，因此，此處應為復數(shù)名詞。故填discoveries。7.________which[解析]考查定語從句。分析句子成分可知，7issimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals為非限制性定語從句，關系詞在從句中作主語，先行詞為organicfarming，應用關系代詞which引導。故填which。8.______are[解析]考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。manydifferentorganicfarmingmethods為復數(shù)形式，因此be動詞應用復數(shù)形式，句子描述的是目前的情況，應使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填are。9.______the[解析]考查冠詞。分析句子結構可知，所填空后有same，thesame為固定結構，修飾名詞goal。故填the。10.___________damaging[解析]考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，所填動詞在介詞without之后，應用動名詞作賓語，即：v.-ing形式。故填damaging。Ⅲ.

應用文寫作[2020湖北鄂州高二上學期期末]假定你是李華，你校近期將舉辦全市高中生中國古代詩詞大