2022年甘肅省酒泉市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.The"News"inEducation

Educationchangeswithtime.Becauseofthesechanges,thefaceofeducationandaccesstoeducationaredifferenttoday.Themostobviouschangeisthattherearedifferentthingstoteach.16fact,thereismuchmoretoteach.Learningandresearchhaveincreasedgreatlyinthepastcentury,greatadvancesinsciencemeanthatthereismuchmore,informationtoteach.Someoftheideasofthepastwerewrong,sothecontentofbooksisdifferent.Forexample,inabeginningbiologyclasstoday,morethan70%oftheinformationthatstudentslearntodaywasnotknowntwentyyearsago.That'sanimportantreasonforchange!Asscientistslearnmore,therewillbemoreforstudentstolearn.

Anotherreasonforchangesineducationisthattherearenewteachingtools.Forcenturies,schoolshadnobooks.Theteachersgavebylessonsexplainingideastostudents.Todayteachersandstudentsusebooks,includinge-books.Theyalsousetechnology.Forexample,manyofthemusecomputers,video,andon-linecommunication.Thereareevenelectronicclassrooms.Throughinteractiveinstructionaltelevisionnetworks(IITV),ateachercanteachstudentsindifferentplaces.TheirIITVclassroomsuseradiosignalsorsatellitecommunicationtocarrythecommunicationfromtowertotower.

TherearedifferencesbetweenthetraditionalclassroomandtheIITVclassroom,ofcourse.However,mostofthesedifferencesareeasytoovercome.Perhapsonestudentwantstohaveaprivateconversationwiththeteacher.IfteacherandstudenttalkontheIITVnetwork,thereisnoprivacy.Everyoneelseintheclasscanhearwhattheysay.Therefore,theirconversation,musthappenovertelephonelinesorthroughelectronicmail(e-mail).

Noonereallyknowshowthischangeinstudents'abilitytotalkprivatelywithateacherchangestheeducationalexperience.Somestudentsdecidenottotalktotheteacherbecauseitcannothappennaturallyafterclass.Shecouldsendane-mailmessageordecidenottobothertheteacher.Thislackofpersonalcontactwiththeteacherisjustonepotentialproblem.Anotheristhatthestudentsindifferentclassroomplacescannotspeakwithoneanotheraseasily.Onesolutiontothisdrawbackistheclasschatroom.Tofacilitatestudents'conversationaboutatopic,theteachercansetupanInternetchatroomorabulletinboard.Anumberofgeneraltopicsareposted,andthestudentscanwriteintheirthoughtsonthetopic.Somestudentsareshyofusingthesekindsofcommunicationtools.Perhapstheydon'thaveaccesstotheequipment,ormaybetheydon'tknowhowtogettoachatroomontheInternet.Communicationamongstudentsispossible,butittakesplacethroughamediumthatisdifferentfromvoicesinaclassroom.

Ontheotherhand,therearegreatadvantagestoteachingthroughIITV.Greatnumbersofstudentscan"attend"theclass.Educationisnotlimitedtothosewhoarenearauniversity.Anotheradvantageistheabilitytoshowthingstostudents.EveryIITVclassroomhasapadcamTM.Thisspecialcamerafocusesonanypicture,bookpage,orobjectthattheteacherwantsthestudentstosee.Thecamerafocusesonarectangle--thepad.Ateachercanputapicture,forexample,onthepadofthepadcamTM.Thepadcamhasazoomlens.Therefore,theteachercanfocusontinythingsinthepictureandmakethemmuchbiggerthanlife.ArthistoryteachersandanthropologistslovethepadcamTM.Theyuseittomaketheirlessonsmoreinteresting.Theycanshowdetailswithease.

ComputerprogramssuchasPowerPointconnecteasilytotheelectronicequipmentininteractivetelevision.Therefore,thepresentationofideascanhappenquitewell.Theteachercanputthemainideasonthescreen,sothestudentsknowwhatthemainideasofthelessonare.Anotheradvantageistheabilitytoi

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Apreconditionforareadertolearntoreadrapidlyandwellisthathemusthavethenecessary______.

3.

Sugarlessfood,suchas______,playsaroleinthepreventionoftoothdecay.

4.

Officesinthefuturetendtolookdifferentandservedifferentpurposes;theywillmostlikelybedesignedto______.

5.Socialnetworkinghasitsenormousutilityandenablesfriendstointeractviameanssuchasgames,greetingsand______.

6.

AccordingtotheFAO,asthedemandfororganicfoodandproductsincreases,priceswillbelowerfororganicproductsthanconventionalproducts.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

OnlyasmallpercentageofAmerica'shighschoolseniorsplantomajorinengineeringatcollege.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.LetChina'sRetailWarsBegin

NewlyunfetteredforeignchainscouldgrabmoreofChina'smarket.OnacoldandwindyFridayafternoon,LiFangisrushingtogetsomeshoppingdonebeforetheweekendbegins.Andthe30-year-oldhumanresourcesmanagerknowsexactlywhereshewantstogo:theCarrefourhypermarket,a10-minutebusridefromherapartmentinnorthBeijing.it'snotthecheapestoption,buttheFrench-ownedstorehasallthemeat,vegetablesandfruitsheneeds."Carrefouroffershighqualityandabettervarietyofproductscomparedtoothersupermarkets,"shesays.

Inrecentyears,majorinternationalchainslikeCarrefourSAofFranceandWal-martStores,Inc.oftheUnitedStateshaveexpandedaggressivelyinChina.LocalChineseretailershaveloudlyprotestedthisandlobbiedheavilyforprotectionfromthenewcompetitioninpriceandservicethatthesemajorretailershavesetoff.Earlierdraftsofthelawhadincludedarequirementforasystemtorateandpunishforeignretailerswhohadpreviouslysetupstoreswithoutcentralgovernmentapproval.Anotherproposalwouldhaveprohibitedforeignretailersfromopeningstoresincitiesthathaven'tdrawnupdetailedmapsofplannedretailsites,whichwouldincludemanysmallercities.

ManymoreChinesewillsoongetachancetosamplethequalityandvarietyatCarrefourandotherforeign-ownedstores.InkeepingwiththeconditionsforChina'smembershipintheWorldTradeOrganization,BeijingonDec.11liftedmostrestrictionsonforeignretailers.Gonearelimitsonthenumberofstores,rulesconfiningthemtolargecities,andregulationscappingtheforeigners'stakeinlocalventuresat65%.

ChinaerectedthosehurdlestogiveitsowncompaniesachancetocopytheWest'sbig-storemodel—andtheyhavedonesowithgreatsuccess.Thetopfourretailersinthecountryareallrunbythegovernmentorlocalentrepreneurs,ledbyarapidlyexpandingchaincalledShanghaiBailian.Buttheforeigncompaniesarenippingatthelocals'heels,andtheyhavebigplansforexpansionnowthatthebarriershavebeentomdown.Pads-basedCarrefourhassome240storesinChina,andplanstoopenasmanyas150morethisyear.Its2003salesof＄1.8billionmakeitChina'sfifth-biggestretailer.China"isveryimportantforourfuture,"saysJean-LucChereau,executivemanagerofCarrefourChina.

PREMIUMONCONVENIENCE

CarrefourwasquicktogetintoChinaandoftenpushedtheregulatoryenvelope,bypassingBeijingandcuttingdealswithlocalgovernments.AlthoughthatstrategygotCarrefourintohotwateratthetime,thecompanyhasemergedastheundisputedleader.IthasevenbesteditsBentonville(Ark.)rival,Wal-MartStoresInc.,(WMT)whichhas43storesin20Chinesecities,andanother10intheworksthisyear.Germany'sMetroistheNo.3foreignplayer,with24storesandanother40withinfiveyears.Alltold,dozensofforeigncompanieshaveopenedinthemainland.

Whytherush?Overthepast20years,retailsalesinChinahavejumpednearly15%annually,tosome＄628billionin2004—makingitthethird-largestmarketonearth.Andconsumerexpectationshaveshotupevenfaster.JustadecadeagomostChinesewerecontenttolineupinstate-ownedstorestobuywhatevermeagerproductswereavailable,thenshuffleofftooutdoormarketsformeat,eggs,andvegetables.Nowbothlocalchainsandthemultinationalsarepushingoutthestodgyoldstateretailersandmom-and-popshopsbybuildingbig,convenientstoresinchoicecentrallocationsinBeijing,Shanghai,andGuangzhou.Withtheendofgeographicrestrictions,thebattlefordominancewillshifttosmallercities.

Thecustomersareamiddleclassthattodaytotalsatleast100million.Theseshoppersliketobuyclothes,TVs,andgroceriesatclean,modemoutletswithafullran

A.YB.NC.NG

9.Whenusingadrive-upATM,you'dbetterdriveclosetothemachineaswellas______.

10.

Majorpizzamakershavetofacetheproblemthattheircompetitiveadvantagesare______.

11.

Mr.Bellavance,wasalwaysoptimisticduringtheperiodofunemployment.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Thecellphoneindustrysaysthatfuturecellphonescanprovide___________________basedonitsabilitytodetectitsexactlocationanywhereintheworld.

13.

Largelybecauseofverylowbirthrate,______offarmlandinItalyhasalreadybeenabandoned.

14.

In2025,halfoftoday'spopulationwillbeinshortageofwater.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Sleddogsdon'tusereins,instead,theyfollow______.

16.

Thedisadvantagesassociatedwithautomationare______and______anditspotentialdangers.

17.Whentalkingaboutrunning,theauthorsuggeststhatpeoplewhohadsomediseases______.

A.giveuprunning

B.runatalowerpace

C.runattheirwill

D.seekmedicaladvice

18.

Whatisthefirstthingtodotoplanforanearlyretirement?

A.Tomaintainagoodfigure.

B.Toearnasmuchmoneyasyoucannow.

C.Toworkoutadetailedplanofworldtravelling.

D.Toknowexactlytheamountofyourwealth.

19.

ThearticledemonstrateswhatwillhappenintheInformationMarketplacethroughthediscoveries.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

AccordingtoRamjee,thecombinationof______ispossiblythemosteffectiveinpreventingHIVvirusfromtransmittingduringintercourse.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(22)

A.Registeringforclasses.

B.Thecomplexityoftheregistrationprocedure.

C.Amusicalperformance.

D.Theopportunitytospeakwithhisfellowstudents.

22.(25)

A.Afuelthatburnscleanly.

B.Anoiladditivethathelpscoolengines.

C.Amaterialfromwhichfiltersaremade.

D.Aninsulatingmaterialsprayedonengineparts.

23.聽力原文：W:Doesthebookhaveahappyending?

M:Itwashardtotellwhethertheherowasgoingtodieinthewarorcomehomeandmarryhischildhoodsweetheart.

Q:Whatdidthemansayabouttheendingofthebook?

(14)

A.Hesaysnothing.

B.Hewasconfusedattheend.

C.Theherodiedinthecar.

D.Theheromarriedhissweetheart.

24.

【B4】

25.(28)

A.Tolimitthewatertakenbychildren.

B.Towakeupchildrenforbathroom.

C.Tomakechildrentakesleep-inductionpills.

D.Tomakechildrenstayuplateintothenight.

26.(21)

A.Shewastoobusytorememberifshehadreturnedthem.

B.Shedidn'treturntheminfact.

C.Shegavethemtothelandlordtoreturn.

D.Shedidreturnthembutsomehowthelibrarymadeamistake.

27.

【B8】

28.聽力原文：W:Jackseemstofancypainting.Onthewallsofhisbedroom,therearesomanyfamouspictures.Someofthemarepriceless.

M:However,hedoesnotlikevisitingtheartmuseumbecauseheconsidersitanoisyplace.

Q:WhatcanweconcludeaboutJackfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.Heisgoodatdrawingpictures.

B.Helikespicturesverymuch.

C.Helikesvisitingtheartmuseumverymuch.

D.Hethinkstheartmuseumisaveryquietplace.

29.(17)

A.Jackhasmadeotherswaitbefore.

B.JackhasoftenhadtowaitforShelly.

C.Jackenjoysplayingtrickswithothers.

D.Jackdoesn'tusuallymakepeoplewait.

30.

【B3】

31.(46)

32.(26)

A.Suggestatopicforaresearchpaper.

B.Tellherwhattostudyforthehistorytest.

C.Writeafavorableletterofrecommendation.

D.Adviseherabouthowtorunanelectioncampaign.

33.

【B6】

34.聽力原文：Therearemanyfamousmuseumsthroughouttheworldwherepeoplecanenjoyart.WashingtonD.C.hastheNationalGalleryofArt;ParishastheLouvre.FloridaInternationalUniversityinMiamialsodisplaysartforpeopletosee.Anditdoessowithoutabuilding,orevenawallforitsdrawingsandpaintings.

FloridaInternationalUniversityhasopenedwhatitsaysthefirstcomputerartmuseumintheUnitedStates.Youdon'thavetovisittheuniversitytoseetheart.Youjustneedacomputerlinkedtoatelephone.

Youcallthetelephonenumberofauniversitycomputerandconnectyourowncomputertoit.Alloftheartisstoredintheschoolcomputer.Itiscomputerart,createdelectronicallybyartistsontheirowncomputers.Inonlyafewminutes,yourcomputercanreceiveandcopyallthepicturesanddrawings.

RobertShostakisdirectorofthenewcomputermuseum.Hesayshestartedthemuseumbecausecomputerartistshadnoplacetoshowtheirwork.

Acomputerartistcouldonlyrecordhispictureselectronicallyandsendtherecords,ordiscs,tootherstoseeontheircomputers.Hecouldalsoputhispicturesonpaper.Buttoprintgoodpicturesonpaper,thecomputerartistneededanexpensivelaserprinter.

RobertShostaksaystheelectronicmuseumismostlyforartorcomputerstudentsatschoolsanduniversities.Mostofthepicturesinthemuseumaremadebystudents.MisterShostaksaystheFloridaInternationalUniversitymuseumwillmakecomputerartmorefunforcomputerartistsbecausemorepeoplecanseeit.Hesaysartistsenjoytheirworkmuchmoreiftheycanhaveanaudience.AndthegreatnumberofhomecomputersinAmericacouldmeanahugeaudiencefortheelectronicmuseum.

(33)

A.InParis.B.InLondon.C.InMiami.D.InWashingtonD.C.

35.(16)

A.Johnwasdisappointedathismathscore.

B.Johndidbetterthanhethoughthewasableto.

C.Johndidn'tpass,althoughhehadtriedhisbest.

D.Johngotanexcellentscore,whichwasunexpected.

36.(34)

A.Handinassignmentslate.

B.Stealanotherperson'sideas.

C.Gathernon-relevantmaterials.

D.Sharenoteswithsomeoneelse.

37.

【B2】

38.(31)

A.Stricterinternaldisciplinesshouldbemaintained.

B.Moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow.

C.Morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople'sbehavior.

D.MorepeopleshouldaccepttheAmericanwayoflife.

39.(36)

A.Itrepresentsremarkabletechnologicaldevelopment.

B.Itwilldolessharmtoenvironmentthanotherplanes.

C.Wewillbenefitfromitsfuelefficiencyandaviation.

D.Itwillnotsolvetheproblemofdamagingenvironment.

40.(35)

A.SomeslaveswerebroughttoAmericainthe20thcentury.

B.Slaveswerenottreatedaspeople.

C.Beingbrutaltoslaveswasagainstthelaw.

D.Noslaveownerwaseverpunishedfortheirbrutality.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Scientistsdiscoveredwhyanimalinfantscry.

B.Thedifferenceintheamountofchildren'scryissomewhatduetogenes.

C.Babieshaveaviolentreactiontothemother'signorance.

D.Chimpanzees'annoyancecanhardlybealleviated.

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

EconomistssayconfidenceintheU.S.economyhasimprovedsincethefinancialcrisisbegan,butitisstillataverylowlevel.Thisweek,theNewYork-basedConferenceboardsaiditsconsumerconfidenceisabouthalfofwhatitwasthistimelastyear.Aspeoplestruggletodealwithjoblossesanddwindlingretirementfunds,theiroutlookofthecountry'seconomicsituationremainspessimisticduringthebiggestconsumerspendingtimeoftheyear.

ClaireRusk,ashopperinAlexandria,Virginia,sayssheischangingherholidayspendinghabitsthisyearbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis,eventhoughhernine-year-oldsonexpectsChristmasasusual.

"Hislistislongerthanever,solwaslisteningtohowyoutellhimthathislistbetterbeshorterthisyear,"shesaid.

Rusksaysthecrisisisforcinghertothinkhardaboutherpurchases.

"I'mjustgoingtobemorecareful.I'mgoingtomakealist.I'mnotgoingtorandomlyshop,"shenoted."Iusuallyjustgooutandshop,butI'mgoingtohaveaplanbeforeIgooutthisyear."

AndRuskisnotalone.KilmerCaban,ashopperatthePentagonCityMalloutsideWashington,D.C.,saysheisgoingtotrytospendthesameamountforgiftsaslastyear,butheknowssomeofhisfamilymembersarecuttingback.

"Mysisterandherhusbandsaytheywillnotbespendingasmuch,duetothecostofgasandtheeconomyandeverything,"heexplained.

Someretailstoreowners,whonormallymakethebulkoftheirprofitsthistimeofyear,arehopefulthattheholidayshoppingseasonwillstillbeabletopullthemoutoftherecentslump.VictoriaBirkett,theownerof'Embellishments,agiftstoreinAlexandria,Virginia,saysshe'salittleworried,butsheislookingforwardtotheholidayrush.

"InthisretailbusinessIhavecutmyorderdownalittlebitfromprioryears,butIcanseepeoplearebeingalittlemorecautiousintheirspending,"shesaid."I'malittleconcerned,butitisjustbeforeThanksgiving,soI'mhopefulthatthingswillpickupjustafterThanksgiving."

BirkettsayshergiftshophasnotfelttheeffectsoftheeconomiccrisisasmuchasotherstoreownerssheknowsbecauseitisclosetoWashingtonD.C.andbenefitsfromtourism.

AlexanderMcCall,amanageratGameStop,inthePentagonCityMallremainsoptimisticaswell.

"Peoplearealittlebitmorecarefulwiththeirmoneynow,thespendinghasgonedownalittle,butIthinkallinallitsgoingtobeagoodbusinessholidayforeverybody,"hesaid.

DespitetheslumpinconsumerconfidenceMcCallstillexpectsdemandforsomeitemstorisenextmonth.

Howaretheretiredpeopleinfluencedbytheeconomicsituation?

A.Theyareforcedtoretireatanearlierage.

B.Theyhavetocopewithreducedpensions.

C.Theirspendingpowerhasincreasedtorecordhigh.

D.Theirconfidencehasdroppedtothelowestlevel.

43.

Hotmineralspringscouldbeused______.

44.Nowadays,theathletes'expensesarepaid______.

A.outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners

B.outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations

C.bytheathletesthemselves

D.bycontributions

45.

Bysaying"birdfluvirusesappeartoexistinducksinalow-pathogenicform"(Para.6),theauthorsuggeststhatinfection

46.

AnewmovementinAlfocusesitsworkon______and______.

47.

TheNationalAcademyofSciencesholdsthestancethat______.

A.DNAtestingshouldbesystematized

B.onlyauthorizedlaboratoriescanconductDNAtesting

C.theacademyonlyisauthorizedtoworkoutstandardsfortesting

D.theacademyhastherighttoaccreditlaboratoriesforDNAtesting

48.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

ThefirsttimeanybodyknewaboutDutchmanFrankSiegmundandhisfamilywaswhenworkmentrampingthroughafieldfoundanarrowsteelchimneyprotrudingthroughthegrass.Closerinspectionrevealedachinkofsky-lightwindowamongthethistlesandwhenamazedinvestigatorsmoveddownthesideofthehilltheycameacrossapinedoorandabrassknockersetintoanundergroundbuilding.TheSiegmundshadmanagedtoliveundetectedforsixyearsoutsidethebordertownofBreda,inHolland.Theyarethelatestinaclutchofindividualistichomemakerswhohaveburrowedundergroundinsearchoftranquility.

Most,fallingfoulofstrictbuildingregulations,havebeenforcedtodismantletheirindividualistichomesandreturntomoreconventionallifestyles.ButsubterraneansuburbiaDutch-style,isabouttobecomerespectableandchic.Sevenluxuryhomescossetedawayinsideahighearth-coverednoiseembankmentnexttothemainTilburgcityroadrecentlywentonthemarketfor$296,500each.Thefoundationshadyettobedug,butcustomersqueueduptobuytheunusualpart-submergedhouses.

Buildingbigcommercialbuildingsundergroundcanbeawaytoavoiddisfiguringorthreateningabeautifulorenvironmentallysensitivelandscape.Indeedmanyofthebuildingswhichconsumemostlandsuchascinemas,supermarkets,theatres,warehousesorlibrarieshavenoneedtobeonthesurfacesincetheydonotneedwindows.Therearebigadvantages,too,whenitcomestoprivatehomes.Adevelopmentof194houseswhichwouldtakeup14hectaresoflandabovegroundwouldoccupy2.7hectaresbelowit,whilethenumberofroadswouldbehalved.Underseveralmetersofearth,noiseisminimalandinsulationisexcellent.

InEurope,theobstaclehasbeenconservativelocalauthoritiesanddeveloperswhoprefertoensurequicksaleswithconventionalmass-producedhousing.ButtheDutchdevelopmentwasgreetedwithundisguisedreliefbySouthLimburgplannersbecauseofHolland'schronicshortageofland.IntheUS,whereenergy-efficienthomesbecamepopularaftertheoilcrisisof1973,10,000undergroundhouseshavebeenbuilt.Aterraceoffivehomes,Britain'sfirstsubterraneandevelopment,isunderwayinNottinghamshire.Italy'soutstandingexampleofsubterraneanarchitectureistheOlivettiresidentialcentreinIvreg.

Noteveryoneadaptssowell,andinJapanscientistsattheShimizuCorporationhavedeveloped"spacecreation"systemwhichmixlight,sound,breezesandscentstosimulatepeoplewhospendlongperiodsbelowground.UndergroundofficesinJapanarebeingequippedwithvirtualwindowsandmirrors,whileundergrounddepartmentsintheUniversityofMinnesotahaveperiscopestoreflectviewsandlight.

FrankSiegmundandhisfamilylovetheirhobbitlifestyle.Theirhomeevolvedwhenhedugacoolroomforhisbakerybusinessinahillhehadcreated.Duringaheat-wavetheytooktosleepingthere."Wefeltatpeaceandsoclosetonature,"hesays,"GraduallyIbeganaddingtotherooms.Itsoundsstrangebutwearesocloserotheearthwedrawstrengthfromitsvibrations.'

Whyhavesomeundergroundhousesbeenpulleddown?

49.

Despiteofthedifferencebetweentwotypesofconsultingindustry,theyareinpracticenot______.

50.

WhoplayprofessionalfootballintheUnitedStates?

A.Native-bornAmericancitizens.

B.Europeans.

C.SouthAmericans.

D.BothBandC．

51.

Theword"seductions"(Line1,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto"______".

A.effortstoconquer

B.attemptstowinover

C.exertionstoUnderstand

D.endeavorstoincreaseprofits

52.

Howmanythemeswillthestudentsberequiredtowriteduringthesemester?

53.

Whatisapossiblenegativeeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?

A.Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.

B.Itmayaffecttheoverallfatintake

C.Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.

D.Itmayspoiltheconsumer'sappetite.

54.

TheUnitedStatesenteredthewaragainstJapan______.

A.becauseJapandeclaredwar

B.becauseJapanwasanallyofGermany

C.afterJapanlaunchedthePearlHarborattack

D.afterpeacefuleffortshadfailed

55.ThemostimportantreasonwhytheBushadministrationsupportmorenewnuclear-powerplantsisthat______.

A.theyneedlittlegovernmentfinancialsupport

B.theywillincreaseenergysecurity

C.theyhelplessendependenceonfossilfuels

D.theyareenvironmentallyfriendly

56.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

AllR&Dexecutiveshavetwomajorresponsibilities:(1)theymustensurethatthecompanyissuppliedwithtechnicallysuccessfulprojects,and(2)theymustselectthemostpromisingschemesandideasfortheexpenditureofR&Dresources.Thisworkiscomplicatedbynumerousuncertainties,inasmuchascommercialresearchanddevelopmentmustbebasedonmarketforecasts.

IfR&Dmanagementcanprovidearegularflowofnewandupdatedproducts,thecompanywillbenefitinanumberofways.Firstofall,itwillbeabletomakefulluseofexpensivedepartmentalresources,developmentengineeringandavailablemarketingcapacity.Inadditiontothat,aflowofnewmarketwinnerswillprovidethebusinesswithsteadygrowthincomeandprofits.Thiscanalsobeimportantpsychologically,foritisoftenonthisbasisthatthoseoutsidethecompanyassessthequalityofitsmanagement.

TheR&Ddepartment'sjobismademoredifficultbecauseofthelengthoftimerequiredtocompleteitsresearch.Inthechemicalandpharmaceutical(制藥的)industries,forexample,itmaytakefivetotenyearsbeforeaproductisatechnicalsuccessandafurthersixtoeightyearsbeforeitreachesfullcommercialpotential.

Toachieveresults,R&Dmustdefineboththeareasthatshouldbeinvestigatedandtheobjectivesthatshouldbeachievedineacharea.Forthisreason,theR&Ddepartmentmusttakeaninterestinallaspectsofdesign,application,efficiency,anduseofappropriatematerials.Thereisadifference,however,betweenthedevelopmentofnewconsumerproductsandthedevelopmentofnewindustrialones.Inconsumermarkets,thesearchforanewproductoftenbeginsafterastatementofaspecificneed,anddevelopmentistailoredtomeetit.Inmanyindustrialmarkets,productdevelopmentistheresultofworkdownintheresearchlaboratory.Thisworkisoftenaimedatageneralneed,suchasanewkindofmedicineorhigheroperatingspeedsformachines.Whenthenewindustrialprojecthasbeendeveloped,itsperformancecanbeanalyzedintermsofcustomerneeds.

Inordertodevelophiscompany,theR&.Dmanagershouldhaveasenseof______.

A.psychologicalcommunication

B.marketprediction

C.managementdistribution

D.departmentalresourcesdevelopment

57.

Whichofthefollowingviewsisconsistentwithwhatthedevelopmentalistshold?

A.Childrenaremoreinfluencedbytheirpeersthanbytheirparents.

B.Twinsarequitedifferentiftheyarerearedintwoseparatefamilies.

C.Identicaltwinsrearedinthesamehomearedifferentinpersonality.

D.Nurturehasalesssignificanteffectonchildren'spersonalitydevelopment.

58.

Whydidagriculture,whichwaspreviouslyresistedviolently,finallyprevailamongthepastoralnomadsasawayoflife?

59.

T