Arteries動脈當(dāng)前第1頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Arteries動脈CharacteristicsSymmetry

對稱Inthetrunkofthebodyconsistparietalandvisceralbranches壁支和臟支ShortestpossiblecourseRunonflexorsurfacesUsuallydonotpassdirectlythroughmuscles,avoidingcompressionTogetherwiththeveinsandnervesinasheathoffasciatoformneurovascularbundle

血管神經(jīng)束當(dāng)前第2頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)ArteriesofpulmonarycirculationPulmonarytrunk

肺動脈干ArisesfromrightventricleRunsup,back,andtotheleftBifurcatesinferiortoaorticarchintorightandleftpulmonaryarteries左、右肺動脈,oneforeachlung★Arterialligament

動脈韌帶

Remnantofductusarteriosus動脈導(dǎo)管Afibrousbandthatconnectsbifurcationofpulmonarytrunkwithinferiorborderofaorticarch當(dāng)前第3頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)PulmonaryArteryAortaPatentDuctusArteriosus當(dāng)前第4頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Arteriesofsystemiccirculation

體循環(huán)的動脈當(dāng)前第5頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★

Aorta主動脈

Ascendingaorta

升主動脈Aorticarch

主動脈弓lowerborderofT4vertebraAbdominalaorta

腹主動脈lowerborderofL4vertebraCommoniliaca.

髂總動脈secondrightsternocostaljointThoracicaorta

胸主動脈atlevelofT12vertebra升主動脈主動脈弓胸主動脈腹主動脈髂總動脈當(dāng)前第6頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)升主動脈主動脈弓胸主動脈腹主動脈頸總動脈鎖骨下動脈髂外動脈髂內(nèi)動脈髂總動脈頭臂干當(dāng)前第7頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Ascendingaorta升主動脈

ArisesfromleftventricleRunsupward,forwardandtotherightExtendstolevelofrightsecondsternocostaljoint★

BranchesRightcoronaryartery右冠狀動脈Leftcoronaryartery左冠狀動脈當(dāng)前第8頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Aorticarch主動脈弓ContinuationofascendingaortaCurvesupward,totheleftandposteriorly,thendownward,archingoverleftprincipalbronchusandpulmonarytrunktolowerborderofT4level,andbecomesthoracicaorta★

Branches(fromrighttoleft)Brachiocephalictrunk頭臂干RightcommoncarotidA右頸總動脈RightsubclavianA右鎖骨下動脈LeftcommoncarotidA左頸總動脈LeftsubclavianA左鎖骨下動脈Aorticglomera

主動脈小球chemoreceptorAorticisthmus主動脈峽Baroreceptor

當(dāng)前第9頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Commoncarotida.

頸總動脈★

Origin(arisesfrom)Right：BrachiocephalictrunkLeft：Aorticarch★Ascendsinnecktoupperborderofthyroidcartilage★

BranchesInternalcarotidartery頸內(nèi)動脈Externalcarotidartery頸外動脈當(dāng)前第10頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Commoncarotida.

頸總動脈★

Carotidsinus

頸動脈竇LocatedatalocalizesdilationofterminalpartofcommoncarotidarteryandbeginningofinternalcarotidarterySensitivetobloodpressurechanges(baroreceptor)★

Carotidglomus

頸動脈小球LiesposteriortothepointofbifurcationofcommoncarotidarterySenseschangesinbloodcarbondioxide(oxygen)levels(chemoreceptor)

CarotidsinusCarotidglomus當(dāng)前第11頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★頸外動脈externalCarotidA.Superiorthyroida.

甲狀腺上動脈DescendstosupplyupperpoleofthyroidglandandlarynxLinguala.

舌動脈Faciala.

面動脈Loopsaroundmandible(whereitispalpable),atanteriorborderofmasseter,toenterthefaceOccipitala.

枕動脈Posteriorauriculara.

耳后動脈Maxillarya.

上頜動脈Middlemeningealartery

腦膜中動脈Superficialtemporala.

顳淺動脈顳淺動脈腦膜中動脈枕動脈上頜動脈甲狀腺甲狀腺上動脈面動脈舌動脈當(dāng)前第12頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Subclavianartery鎖骨下動脈

★Origin(arisesfrom)Right：BrachiocephalictrunkLeft：Aorticarch★Becomesaxillaryarteryatlateralborderoffirstrib★BranchesInternalthoracica.胸廓內(nèi)動脈Vertebrala.椎動脈Thyrocervicaltrunk甲狀頸干Inferiorthyroidartery甲狀腺下動脈Superascapulara.肩胛上動脈Costocervicaltrunk肋頸干當(dāng)前第13頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Subclavianartery鎖骨下動脈當(dāng)前第14頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Axillaryartery

腋動脈★Continuationofsubclavianarteryatlateralborderoffirstrib,BecomesbrachialarteryatlowerborderofteresmajorBranchesThoracoacromiala.胸肩峰動脈Lateralthoracica.胸外側(cè)動脈Subscapulara.肩胛下動脈Throcodorsala.胸背動脈

Circumflexscapulara.旋肩胛動脈Anterior

humeralcircumflexa.旋肱前動脈Posteriorhumeralcircumflexa.旋肱后動脈當(dāng)前第15頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Axillaryartery

腋動脈當(dāng)前第16頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Brachialartery肱動脈★Continuationofaxillaryarteryatlowerborderofteresmajor.DividesintoradialandulnararteriesatlevelofneckofradiusBranchesRadialartery

橈動脈Ulnarartery

尺動脈Deepbrachiala.

肱深動脈Superiorulnarcollaerala.尺側(cè)上副動脈Inferiorulnarcollaterala.尺側(cè)下副動脈當(dāng)前第17頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Brachialartery肱動脈Deepbrachiala.肱深動脈brachiala.肱動脈Radialartery橈動脈Ulnarartery尺動脈當(dāng)前第18頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Radialartery橈動脈Course:

attheneckoftheradius

inthecubitalfossa,passesdownwardandlaterallyBranchesSuperficalpalmarbranch

掌淺支Principalarteryofthumb

拇主要動脈Radialrecurentbranch橈側(cè)返動脈當(dāng)前第19頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Ulnarartery尺動脈

Course:

attheneckoftheradius

inthecubitalfossapassesdownwardandmediallyBranchesCommoninterosseousartery

骨間總動脈anteriorinterossousa.骨間前動脈posteriorinterosseousa.骨間后動脈Deeppalmarbranch掌深支當(dāng)前第20頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)當(dāng)前第21頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Superficialpalmararch掌淺弓

★Formedbyulnarartery尺動脈andsuperficialpalmarbranchofradialartery橈動脈掌淺支Branchescommonpalmardigitalarteries指掌側(cè)總動脈（3）properpalmardigitalarteries指掌側(cè)固有動脈ulnarpalmararteryoflittlefinger小指尺掌側(cè)動脈當(dāng)前第22頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Deeppalmararch掌深弓★Formedbyradialartery橈動脈anddeeppalmarbranchofulnarartery尺動脈掌深支Branchespalmarmetacarpalarteries掌心動脈（3）當(dāng)前第23頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)VisualizingthepositionofthesuperficialanddeeppalmararchesThecurveofsuperficialpalmararch

liesatthelevelofmiddleofthemetacarpalboneThecurveofdeeppalmararchliesacrossthecarpometacarpaljoint當(dāng)前第24頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Thoracicaorta

胸主動脈★CourseContinuationofaorticarchatlowerborderofT4PassesthroughaortichiatusofdiaphragmatlevelofT12vertebratoenterabdominalcavityMainbranchesParietalbranchesPosteriorintercostalsarteries肋間后動脈subcostalartery肋下動脈Superiorphrenicarteries膈上動脈VisceralbranchesBronchialbranches支氣管支Esophagealbranches食管支Pericardialbranches心包支當(dāng)前第25頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Thoracicaorta

胸主動脈當(dāng)前第26頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Abdominalaorta腹主動脈★ContinuationofthoracicaortaataortichiatusofdiaphragminfrontofT12TerminatesatlowerborderofL4vertebrabydividingintorightandleftcommoniliacarteriesGivesofftwogroupsofbranchesParietalbranches壁支Visceralbranches臟支pairedunpaired當(dāng)前第27頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Abdominalaorta腹主動脈ParietalbranchesInferiorphrenica.膈下動脈(onepair)superiorsuprarenalartery

腎上腺上動脈Lumbara.

腰動脈(fourpairs)

supplytheposteriorabdominalwallMediansacrala.

骶正中動脈

當(dāng)前第28頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Abdominalaorta腹主動脈★

Visceralbranches-PairedMiddlesuprarenalartery腎上腺中動脈Renalartery腎動脈inferiorsuprarenalartery腎上腺下動脈Testicular(ovarian)artery睪丸（卵巢）動脈當(dāng)前第29頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Testicular(ovarian)arterySuperiorsuprarenala.Middlesuprarenala.Inferiorsuprarenala.Renala.Accessory

renala.Subphrenica.當(dāng)前第30頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Abdominalaorta腹主動脈★

Visceral

branches-UnpairedCeliactrunk

腹腔干Ashortlargearterythatarisesfromthefrontofaortaasitemergesthroughthediaphragm.Superiormesenterica.腸系膜上動脈Arisesfromthefrontofaorta,atthelevelofL1Inferiormesenterica.腸系膜下動脈Arisesfromthefrontofaorta,atlevelofL3CeliactrunkSuperiormesenterica.Inferiormesenterica.當(dāng)前第31頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Celiactrunk

腹腔干Superiormesenterica.腸系膜上動脈Inferiormesenterica.腸系膜下動脈當(dāng)前第32頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★Celiactrunk

腹腔干AshortlargearterythatarisesfromthefrontofaortaasitemergesthroughthediaphragmBranchesLeftgastricartery胃左動脈

Commonhepaticartery

肝總動脈Splenicartery

脾動脈LeftgastricarteryCommonhepaticarterySplenicartery當(dāng)前第33頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★Celiactrunk

腹腔干BranchesLeftgastricartery

胃左動脈Runsalonethelessercurvatureofstomach當(dāng)前第34頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★Celiactrunk

腹腔干Splenicartery

脾動脈pancreaticbranches胰支

leftgastrioeploicartery胃網(wǎng)膜左動脈shortgastricarteries胃短動脈posteriorgastricartery胃后動脈splenicbranches脾支當(dāng)前第35頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★Celiactrunk

腹腔干BranchesCommonhepaticA.

肝總動脈Properhepatica.肝固有動脈rightgastricartery胃右動脈leftbranchrightbranch→cysticartery膽囊動脈Gastroduodenala.胃十二指腸動脈rightgastroepiploicartery胃網(wǎng)膜右動脈superiorpancreaticoduodenalartery胰十二指腸上動脈當(dāng)前第36頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Celiactrunk

當(dāng)前第37頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Leftgastrica.Commonhepatica.Splenica.Gastroduodenala.Properhepatica.Rightgastrica.LeftbranchRightbranchCystica.Shortgastrica.

Leftgastroepiploica.Rightgastroepiploica.Superiorpancreaticoduodenala.Splenicbranches

Celiactrunk

當(dāng)前第38頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★Superiormesenterica.腸系膜上動脈

Branches

Inferiorpancreaticodudenalartery

胰十二指腸下動脈Jejunalandilealarteries(13-18)空腸和回腸動脈Ileocolicartery

回結(jié)腸動脈

appendicularartery闌尾動脈Rightcolicartery

右結(jié)腸動脈Middlecolicartery

中結(jié)腸動脈

當(dāng)前第39頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Superiormesenterica.

Inf.pancreaticodudenala.Jejunalandileala.Ileocolica.Appendiculara.Rightcolica.Middlecolica.

SuperiorMesentericv.當(dāng)前第40頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)★Inferiormesenterica.腸系膜下動脈

BranchesLeftcolicartery

左結(jié)腸動脈Sigmoidarteries

乙狀結(jié)腸Superiorrectalartery

直腸上動脈當(dāng)前第41頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Inferiormesenterica.Leftcolica.Sigmoida.Superiorrectala.

Inferiormesentericv.當(dāng)前第42頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Ileocolicartery回結(jié)腸動脈appendicularartery闌尾動脈colicmarginalartery結(jié)腸緣動脈當(dāng)前第43頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Commoniliacartery髂總動脈ContinuationofabdominalaortaatlevelofL4vertebraRundownwardandlaterallytoendoppositethesacroiliacjointbydividingintointernal

and

externaliliacarteries.（髂內(nèi)動脈和髂外動脈）當(dāng)前第44頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Internaliliacartery髂內(nèi)動脈ParietalbranchesObturatora.

閉孔動脈Superiorgluteala.

臀上動脈Inferiorgluteala.

臀下動脈Iliolumbera.

髂腰動脈Lateralsacrala.

骶外側(cè)動脈臀上動脈臀下動脈閉孔動脈髂內(nèi)動脈髂腰動脈骶外側(cè)動脈臀上動脈臀下動脈當(dāng)前第45頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Internaliliacartery髂內(nèi)動脈VisceralbranchesUmbilicala.

臍動脈superiorvesicala.膀胱上動脈Inferiorvesicala.

膀胱下動脈Uterinea.

子宮動脈Inferiorrectala.

直腸下動脈Internalpudendala.

陰部內(nèi)動脈髂內(nèi)動脈陰部內(nèi)動脈直腸下動脈子宮動脈膀胱上動脈臍動脈膀胱下動脈當(dāng)前第46頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Internaliliacartery髂內(nèi)動脈Uterinea.

子宮動脈

About2cmfromneckofuterusitcrossesaboveandinfrontofureter小橋流水當(dāng)前第47頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Internaliliacartery髂內(nèi)動脈Internalpudendalartery

陰部內(nèi)動脈

CourseLeavesthepelvisthroughtheinfrapiriformforamenandenterstheglutealregionItenterstheperineumthroughthelessersciaticforamenandthenpassesforwardinthepudendalcanalwiththepudendalnerve

BranchesAnalartery肛動脈Perinealartery會陰動脈Dorsalarteryofpenis(clitoris)陰莖（蒂）背動脈

當(dāng)前第48頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)當(dāng)前第49頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)當(dāng)前第50頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Externaliliacartery髂外動脈BranchesInferiorepigastricartery

腹壁下動脈Deepiliaccircumflexartery旋髂深動脈當(dāng)前第51頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Femorala.股動脈

Continuationoftheexternaliliaca.BeginsmidpointofinguinalligamentEndsattheadductortendinousopeningbyenteringthepoplitealfossaasthepoplitealartery腘動脈股動脈股深動脈當(dāng)前第52頁\共有61頁\編于星期四\21點(diǎn)Femorala.股動脈Principalbranch

Deepfemorala.

股深動脈

Arisesfromtheposterolateralsurfaceofthefemoralarteryabout2-5cmbelowtheinguinalligament.BranchesMedialfemoralcircumflex

a.旋股內(nèi)側(cè)動脈lateralf