直接引語和間接引語DirectandReported(Indirect)speechLeadin:T:Whatdidyoueatforyourlunch?S1:‘Iate….’T：WhatdidS1say,S2?S2:S1saidhe/shehadeaten….directspeechreportedspeechLeadin:T:Whatdidyoueatthismorning?S1:‘Iate….’T：WhatdidS1say,S2?S2:S1saidhe/shehadeaten….directspeechreportedspeechWeusedirectspeechtoreportwhatexactlyhasbeensaid.Ifwewritethespeechdown,thewordswillusuallyappearinquotationmarks.直接引語變間接引語要注意的問題

時(shí)態(tài)問題1）Hesays,“Iamverybusytoday.”Hesaysthat__________________

2）Hewill

say,“Ihavewateredtheflowers.”Hewillsaythat________________________heisverybusytoday.hehaswateredtheflowers.直接引語變間接引語1.主句謂語動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)，間接引語中從句的動(dòng)詞仍保持直接引語的原來時(shí)態(tài)。4)“Ihavereceivedtheletter,”Tomsaidtome.Tomsaidtomethat___________theletter.3)Hesaid,”IamleavingforBeijingthisafternoon.”Hesaidthat________________Beijingthatafternoon.hewasleavingforhehadreceived直接引語變間接引語5)Shesaid,“IwenttoParislastyear.”Shesaidthat_______________Paristheyearbefore.6)Shesaid,“Ihadalreadyfinishedtheproject.”Shesaidthat_____________________theproject.直接引語變間接引語shehadgonetoshehadalreadyfinished直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)

2.主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語中從句謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)通常要作相應(yīng)的變化。一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)1.直接引語表述的是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。SpecialcaseHesaidthatmagnetattractsiron.

1)

Hesaid,“Magnet(磁鐵)attractsiron.”2)Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Theteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.2.直接引語所表述的內(nèi)容在目前和說話時(shí)同樣有效，變間接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)可不變Specialcase1)Isaid,“Ilovemydaughterandmyson.”ItoldyouthatIlovemydaughterandmyson.2)Hesaid,“Iwasbornin1990.”

Hesaidthathewasbornin1990.

直接引語變間接引語要注意的問題代詞等的變化1)Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.2)Myfatherremindedmethatitwastwelveo’clockthen.3)Marysaidthatshehadfinishedthebooktheyearbefore/thedaybefore/threedaysbefore.4)Hesaidthathehadputthebookthere.”5)Theteachersaidthathewouldgothere

thenextday.”1)Hesaid“Thesebooksaremine.”2)Myfatherremindedme,“Itistwelveo’clocknow.3)Marysaid,“Ifinishedthebooklastyear/yesterday/threedaysago.”4)Hesaid,“Iputthebookhere.”5)Theteachersaid,“Iwillcomeheretomorrow.”1)Hesaid“Thesebooksaremine.”2)Myfatherremindedme,“Itistwelveo’clocknow.3)Marysaid,“Ifinishedthebooklastyear/yesterday/threedaysago.”4)Hesaid,“Iputthebookhere.”5)Theteachersaid,“Iwillcomeheretomorrow.”1)Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.2)Myfatherremindedmethatitwastwelveo’clockthen.3)Marysaidthatshehadfinishedthebooktheyearbefore/thedaybefore/threedaysbefore.4)Hesaidthathehadputthebookthere.”5)Theteachersaidthathewouldgothere

thenextday.”在直接引語中在間接引語中指示代詞

表時(shí)間的詞表地點(diǎn)的詞

動(dòng)詞this/thesethat/thosenow/todaythen/thatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastyeartheyearbeforethreedaysagothreedaysbeforenextweekthenextdaythenextweektomorrowherethere

comego代詞等一般也應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的變化,變化方法如下：Howtoreportstatements（陳述句),imperatives（祈使句）andquestions(疑問句）?I

amgood

at

English.Shesaid(that)shewasgoodat

English.Whatdidshesay?陳述句變?yōu)橐詔hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句ShesaystoTim,“Iwillcometoseeyousoon.”ShesaystoTim(that)shewillcometoseehimsoon.1.Shesaid,“Ourtrainwillarriveinfiveminutes.”

Shesaid(that)theirtrainwouldarriveinfiveminutes.

2.Hesaidtome,“Ihaveleftmybookinyourroom.”Hetoldme(that)hehadlefthisbookinmyroom.MotheraskedMikenottoworry.“Don’tworry,Mike,”Whatdidmothersay?Thehostesssaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”直接引語是祈使句,則間接引語變?yōu)閯?dòng)詞不定式.即:ask/tell/ordersb.(not)todoThehostessaskedustositdown.

1.Hesaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.2.“Don’tbelieveeveryadvertisementyouread,”Michellesaidtome.MichelleadvisedmenottobelieveeveryadvertisementIread.Canyouswim,John?Whatdidtheboysay?HeaskedJohnif/whetherhecouldswim.Theteacheraskedtheclass“Haveyouallunderstoodme?”Theteacheraskedtheclassif/whethertheyhadallunderstoodher.

一般疑問句變成if(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme________________thefilm.

2.You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.→Sheasked________________gotwell.

whetherIhadseenwhetherIhadalready1.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme____________.

A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilm

C.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm2.You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.→Sheasked________.

A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyou

B.whetherIhadalreadygotwell

C.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.

Whatdidthegirlsaytoherdad?Papa,wherewillwego?Thegirlaskedherdadwheretheywouldgo?“Whatdoyoucallyourdiary?”Anne’ssisteraskedher.特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛蓋ho,what,when,why,how等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Anne’ssisteraskedherwhatshecalled

herdiary.

2.“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad?”Billasked.Billaskedwhere__________theadsforjobsabroad.JackaskedJohnwhen_________her.1.“Whendidyouseeher,John?”JackaskedhehadseenIhadfoundPleasekeepinmind:Practicemakesperfect!

1.Heaskedme________withme.

A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwas

C.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter

2.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.

A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don’tdo

C.toldme;don’tdoD.toldme;nottodo

What作主語Choosethebestanswers:3.Whenwillhegofishing?---Doyouknow________?A.whenwillhegofishingB.whenhegofishingC.whenhewillgofishingD.whendoeshegofishing4.Whatdoesshewant?----Idon’tknowwhat________.A.doesshewantB.didshewantC.shewantedD.shewantsHesaidtoher,“Goaway!”

1.Heorderedhertogoaway.

Mothersaidtome,“Comebackbefore10：00.”2.Mothertoldmetocomebackbefore10:00.3.Shesaidthatshehadn’tseenhimsinceApril.Shesaid,“Ihaven’tseenhimsinceApril.

4.JackaskedJohnwhenhehadseenher.間接引語變直接引語“Whendidyouseeher,John?”Jackasked.1.HesaidwhenI

wouldvisithim.ABCD2.Myfiendsaskedmedon’t

bemadathim.ABCD