高三英語(yǔ)限時(shí)練

閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

A

BewareofPhone/OnlineScams

Haveyoubeenthevictimofaphone/onlinescams?Ifyoueverthinkthatthere'sreallynoreasontoworry,just

rememberthefollowingstatistics.

一315,000casesbrokenin2015-2017inChina.

—Morethanbillionsofmoneyinvolved.

—Victimsof19yearsoldtopthelistintermsofage.

一Victimsof18-25yearsoldaccountfor52.4%ofthewhole.

Andhereinbelowwearesharing4typicaltypesofPhone/Onlinescamsandhowtodealwiththem.

Type1

Hello,thisispolicestation.You'reinvolvedinacaseType2

ofmoneylaundering(洗錢(qián))(orsomeotherfinancialHey!Wang(hemayknowyourname).Dropbymy

crime).Weneedyourcooperationwiththeofficetomorrowmorning.BTW,Iwillbetreatingsome

investigationPleasetransferyourmoneyintotheVIPclientssoon.Ineedyoutotransfersomemoneyinto

nationalsecurityaccount.thisaccount.Itwillrefundyourmoneytomorrow.

Tip1:Ifyouarereallyinvolvedinfinancialcrime,Tip2:Thinkaboutit.Howcouldanybossintheworld

policewillvisityourhomeatthefirstopportunityandtakeaskyouformoney?MeetingVIPclientswithoutacentin

youforinvestigation.Policearenotsodumbastoinformhispocket?Andwhydoesn'theaskyoutogivethemoney

youviatelephone.Andthereisnosuchthingasnationaltohiminperson?Heisnobodybutascam!

securityaccount.

Type3Type4

You'vegotapackagewhichcontainsillegaldrugsor(Insomecasesthenumberisdisguisedasauthentic

goods.Youarenowrequestedtocallthisnumbertocontactbanknumberthroughsoftware).Wearesorrytoinformyou

thePublicSecurityBureau.(Thenitallfollowsscenario.thatyouhaveabankoverdraft.Pleasecontactthiscustomer

Tip3:PublicSecurityBureauWILLNOTdealwithservicerepresentative.HisnumberisXXXXXXXXXX.

casesviaphonecalls.NEITHERWILLtheysendoutTip4:DONOTpanic.REMEMBERtodialthe

notificationviamessage.officialcontactnumberofthebanktodoublecheck.

1.Whafsthemainpurposeofmentioningthestatisticsatthebeginning?

A.Toremindthepublicofthefigures.B.Tohighlighttheaccuracyofthefigures.

C.Toshowthegravityofthephenomenon.D.Toprovetheexistenceofthephenomenon.

2.WhichtypesofPhone/Onlinescamsrequirepeopletotransfermoneydirectly?

A.Type1andType2B.Type3andType4

C.Type1andType3D.Type2andType4

3.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthearticle?

A.Onasecurityleaflet.B.Onatravelbrochure.

C.Inaposterfromabank.D.Inanemailforstudents.

【答案】l.C2.A3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則關(guān)于電話或網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙的宣傳傳單，介紹了四種類型的詐騙類型。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Haveyoubeenthevictimofaphone/onlinescams?Ifyoueverthinkthatthere'sreallyno

reasontoworry,justrememberthefollowingstatistics.（你曾經(jīng)是電話/網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙受害者嗎？如果你認(rèn)為真的沒(méi)有理

由擔(dān)心，請(qǐng)記住下面的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)）”結(jié)合下文的數(shù)據(jù)，可推知，開(kāi)頭提到統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的主要目的是為了顯示詐騙現(xiàn)

象的嚴(yán)重性。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Type1部分中“Pleasetransferyourmoneyintothenationalsecurityaccount.（請(qǐng)把錢(qián)轉(zhuǎn)到國(guó)家安

全賬戶）”以及Type2部分中“Ineedyoutotransfersomemoneyintothisaccount.（我需要你轉(zhuǎn)一些錢(qián)到這個(gè)賬

戶）”可知，類型1和類型2需要人們直接轉(zhuǎn)賬。故選A。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段44Haveyoubeenthevictimofaphone/onlinescams?Ifyoueverthinkthatthere"sreallyno

reasontoworry,justrememberthefollowingstatistics.（你曾經(jīng)是電話/網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙的受害者嗎？如果你認(rèn)為真的沒(méi)有理

由擔(dān)心，請(qǐng)記住下面的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)）”結(jié)合文章是一則關(guān)于電話或網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙的宣傳傳單，介紹了四種類型的詐騙類

型?？赏浦?，在安全傳單上可以找到這篇文章。故選A。

B

Intheearly19thcentury,Egyptconnectedtwovastregions:theOttomanEmpire（奧斯曼帝國(guó)）andtheAfrican

continent.Forcenturies,theOttomanEmpirehadbeenatthecenterofEurasiantrade.Ithadalsobeenamajorcenterof

manufacturingwhichproducedhandmadegoodsfbrEuropeandAfrica.

However,theindustrializationofEuropemeantthatcheapergoodsmadebymachinessoonfloodedintotheOttoman

Empire.TheresultofthiscompetitionwasthatAfricawasincreasinglyseenasaplacethatprovidednewmaterialsfbr

Europeanfactories,ratherthanonethathadfactoriesofitsown.

EgyptwasanAfricancountrythatwastechnicallypartoftheOttomanEmpire.ItwasfirstinvadedbytheFrench

army.WithBritishhelp,theOttomanforcesdrovetheFrenchoutofEgypt.Followingthis,MuhammadAlisuccessfully

broughtaboutEgyptianindependencefromtheOttomanEmpire.By1831,hewaseffectivelyanindependentrulerofa

moremodemEgypt.

Egyptwasalreadyasmall-scaleproducerofcotton,whichwassoldtoBritain.Aliencouragedevenmorecotton

productionnationwide.Withthemoneyfromthiscottonproduction,Ali'sgovernmentbegantoaidfactoriessothatthe

countrycouldprofitfromitsownindustrialization.Bythelate1840s,itlookedlikeEgyptwouldeventuallybecomean

industrialpower.

Duringthefollowingyears,Egypt'seconomystagnatedandslowlyslidintodecline.Thefactoriesceasedproduction,

andbythe1880s,ithadtoseekhelpfromBritainfinancially.ThoughEgyptremainedformallyindependent,itseemedto

bemorelikeaBritishcolony.

EuropeanskeptinterferinginEgyptpartlybecauseoftheSuezCanal.Egypt'snewleaderswerealreadystressful

becauseoftheindustrialcollapsethatlefttheircountryunabletorepaythemoneyborrowedfromBritain.Finally,in1875,

thekingsoldhisshareintheSuezCanalCompanytotheBritish,givingthemcontrolofthisimportantnationalresource.

ThepowerfulBritishtookadvantageofthisinstabilityandseizedthecountry.

4.ForAfrica,whatwastheresultoftheindustrializationofEurope?

A.ThenewfactoriesbegantospringupinAfrica.

B.ThepricesofthegoodsbecamehigherinAfrica.

C.Africawasreducedtomaterialsuppliersgradually.

D.HandmadegoodsbecamepopularinEuropeandAfrica.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword''stagnated^inPara5?

A.recoveredB.bouncedC.ruinedD.stopped

6.Whichistherightorderasfortheeventsinhistory?

①FrenchinvadedEgypt.②TheOttomanEmpireruledEgypt.

(3)BritainseizedEgypt.④Egyptgainedindependence.

A.①③②④B.①②④③C.②①③④D.②①④③

7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethe19th-centuryEgypt?

A.TheSuezCanalwasthemaincontributingcauseofalldisputes.

B.Egyptenjoyedboomingdevelopmentandunderwentsocialunrest.

C.Egyptiansweresobraveasnottoobeytherulersofothercountries.

D.Egyptliveduptothestatus-oneoftheGreatAncientCivilizations.

【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了埃及的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展歷史。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheresultofthiscompetitionwasthatAfricawasincreasinglyseenasaplacethat

providednewmaterialsforEuropeanfactories,ratherthanonethathadfactoriesofitsown.（這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果是，非洲

越來(lái)越被視為一個(gè)為歐洲工廠提供新材料的地方，而不是一個(gè)擁有自己工廠的地方）”可知，對(duì)非洲來(lái)說(shuō)，歐洲

工業(yè)化的結(jié)果是非洲逐漸淪為物資供應(yīng)地。故選C。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后文“andslowlyslidintodecline（緩慢下滑）”以及uThefactoriesceasedproduction,and

bythe1880s,ithadtoseekhelpfromBritainfinancially.（工廠停止生產(chǎn),到了19世紀(jì)80年代,它不得不向英國(guó)尋

求財(cái)政援助）”可知，在接下來(lái)的幾年里，埃及的經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯不前，慢慢陷入衰退，最后不得不向英國(guó)尋求財(cái)政援

助。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“停止”。故選D。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“EgyptwasanAfricancountrythatwastechnicallypartoftheOttomanEmpire.Itwasfirst

invadedbytheFrencharmy.WithBritishhelp,theOttomanforcesdrovetheFrenchoutofEgypt.Followingthis,

MuhammadAlisuccessfullybroughtaboutEgyptianindependencefromtheOttomanEmpire.By1831,hewas

effectivelyanindependentrulerofamoremodernEgypt.（埃及是一個(gè)非洲國(guó)家，嚴(yán)格來(lái)說(shuō)是奧斯曼帝國(guó)的一部分。

它首先被法國(guó)軍隊(duì)入侵。在英國(guó)的幫助下，奧斯曼軍隊(duì)將法國(guó)人趕出了埃及。在此之后，穆罕默德?阿里成功

地使埃及從奧斯曼帝國(guó)獨(dú)立。到1831年，他實(shí)際上已經(jīng)是一個(gè)更加現(xiàn)代化的埃及的獨(dú)立統(tǒng)治者）”，和倒數(shù)第一

段的aFinally,in1875,thekingsoldhisshareintheSuezCanalCompanytotheBritish,givingthemcontrolofthis

importantnationalresource.ThepowerfulBritishtookadvantageofthisinstabilityandseizedthecountry.（最后,在1875

年，國(guó)王把他在蘇伊士運(yùn)河公司的股份賣(mài)給了英國(guó)人，讓他們控制了這一重要的國(guó)家資源。強(qiáng)大的英國(guó)人利用

了這種不穩(wěn)定，占領(lǐng)了這個(gè)國(guó)家。”'可知，正確順序是②①④③。故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Bythelate1840s,itlookedlikeEgyptwouldeventuallybecomeanindustrialpower.（至lj

19世紀(jì)40年代末，埃及似乎最終將成為一個(gè)工業(yè)大國(guó)）”以及最后一段“EuropeanskeptinterferinginEgyptpartly

becauseoftheSuezCanal.Egypt'snewleaderswerealreadystressfulbecauseoftheindustrialcollapsethatlefttheir

countryunabletorepaythemoneyborrowedfromBritain.Finally,in1875,thekingsoldhisshareintheSuezCanal

CompanytotheBritish,givingthemcontrolofthisimportantnationalresource.ThepowerfulBritishtookadvantageof

thisinstabilityandseizedthecountry.（歐洲人一直在干涉埃及事務(wù)，部分原因是蘇伊士運(yùn)河。埃及的新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)

壓力重重，因?yàn)楣I(yè)崩潰導(dǎo)致埃及無(wú)力償還從英國(guó)借的錢(qián)。最后，在1875年，國(guó)王把他在蘇伊士運(yùn)河公司的股

份賣(mài)給了英國(guó)人，讓他們控制了這一重要的國(guó)家資源。強(qiáng)大的英國(guó)人利用了這種不穩(wěn)定，占領(lǐng)了這個(gè)國(guó)家）”可

推知，埃及繁榮發(fā)展，社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩。故選B。

C

Howareyoufeelingtoday?Oftenwhenweaskpeoplethatquestion,theyreply'notbad',or'couldbeworse\But

whatwouldmakeusfeel'perfect5?Maybewecouldlivebetterbybeinghealthier,lessstressed,moremotivated一but

how?

Ofcoursetherearemanywaysofimprovingourmentalhealth,butsometimestherearesmallandsimplesolutionsto

helpingimproveourwellbeing.It'ssomethingtheTVprogrammeEasyWaystoLiveWellhasbeenlookingat.Itsuggested

several'healthhacks'whichtheprogramme'spresenterstriedandgavetheir'sealofapproval5.Andmaybetheycould

helpustoo.

Firstly,todealwithputtingonweightandtocutthecalories,theprogrammefoundsniffing（嗅）peppermint（薄荷）

stopsourlongingforasnack.Presenter,chefandwriterHughFearnley-Whittingstallsays“ascientifictheorycalled

'mutualcompetition'showsthatastrongsmellcandistractourbrainfromthefoodwe'rethinkingabout.^^

Ifyouraddictiontoyoursmartphoneisgettingyoudown,it'ssuggestedthatturningyourphonescreengreyhelps

youreducescreentimebecauseablackandwhitescreenbecomeslessattractivetolookat.Withrecentstudiesshowing

ourphonescanmakeus26%lessproductiveandincreaseourstress,itseemslikeano-brainertotrythis'dim'idea.

Fancyaswiminice-coldwater?Well,theTVprogrammefoundadailydipinfreezingwatergetsyouusedtothe

stressofdoingitandthereforepreparesyouforotherlifestresses.Andanotherwayto'chillout'istoleaveyour

smartphoneathome,immerseyourselfinaforest,andbreatheinthefreshair.Forestbathingistheperfecttonicforthe

stressesofurbanlife.

Otherlife-improvingideasincludedthingssuchassingingtoreducepainandwalkingaroundmoretogetawayfrom

oursedentary（久坐不動(dòng)）lives.Butwhateverwaywechoosetoadopt,itseemsanychangetoourlifestylecanhelp

improveourbodyandmind.

8.What'sthefunctionofaseriesofquestionsinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toprovidemorebackgroundinformation.B.Toprovokethinkingandbringoutthetopic.

C.Toexpectreaderscangivespecificanswers.D.Toattractreaderstofocusonphysicalhealth.

9.Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardstheTVprogrammeEasyWaystoLiveWeill

A.Favorable.B.Unclear.C.Negative.D.Critical.

10.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Thestrongsmellofpeppermintisboundtocutthecalories.

B.lbremovelifestresses,youmusthaveaswiminfreezingwater.

C.Makingthephonescreencolorfulmakesusmorefocusedandefficient.

D.Anice-waterswimandforestbathinghavethesimilareffectonstresses.

11.What'sthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Totellreadershowtobeperfect.B.TointroduceapopularTVprogramme.

C.Tooffersomewaystobelterwell-being.D.Togetridofsomebadhabitsindailylife.

【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些可以提高幸福感的方法。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Howareyoufeelingtoday?Oftenwhenweaskpeoplethatquestion,theyreply'notbad',or

'couldbeworse'.Butwhatwouldmakeusfeel'perfect'?Maybewecouldlivebetterbybeinghealthier,lessstressed,

moremotivated—buthow?（你今天感覺(jué)怎么樣？通常當(dāng)我們問(wèn)別人這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)?，他們的回答是“還行”，或者“可

能更糟”。但是什么會(huì)讓我們感覺(jué)“完美”呢？也許我們可以通過(guò)更健康、更少壓力、更有動(dòng)力來(lái)生活得更好

——但怎么做呢？）”可推知，第一段一連串問(wèn)題的作用是激發(fā)思考，引出話題。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段aOfcoursetherearemanywaysofimprovingourmentalhealth,butsometimestherearesmall

andsimplesolutionstohelpingimproveourwellbeing.IfssomethingtheTVprogrammeEasyWaystoLiveWellhas

beenlookingat.Itsuggestedseveral'healthhacks5whichtheprogramme'spresenterstriedandgavetheir'sealof

approval'.Andmaybetheycouldhelpustoo.（當(dāng)然，有很多方法可以改善我們的心理健康，但有時(shí)也有一些小而簡(jiǎn)

單的解決方案來(lái)幫助改善我們的幸福。這是電視節(jié)目《輕松生活之道》一直在研究的問(wèn)題。它提出了幾個(gè)“健

康小妙招”，該節(jié)目的主持人嘗試了一下，并得到了他們的“認(rèn)可”。也許他們也能幫到我們）”可推知，作者

認(rèn)為電視節(jié)目《輕松生活之道》的健康小妙招可以幫助我們改善心理健康，因此推斷作者持支持態(tài)度。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Fancyaswiminice-coldwater?Well,theTVprogrammefoundadailydipinfreezing

watergetsyouusedtothestressofdoingitandthereforepreparesyouforotherlifestresses.Andanotherwayto'chillouf

istoleaveyoursmartphoneathome,immerseyourselfinaforest,andbreatheinthefreshair.Forestbathingistheperfect

tonicforthestressesofurbanlife.（想在冰冷的水中游泳嗎？這個(gè)電視節(jié)目發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天泡在冰冷的水中會(huì)讓你習(xí)慣

這樣做的壓力，從而為你應(yīng)對(duì)其他生活壓力做好準(zhǔn)備。另一種“放松”的方法是把智能手機(jī)留在家里，讓自己

沉浸在森林里，呼吸新鮮空氣。森林浴是緩解城市生活壓力的最佳良藥）”可推知，冰水游泳和森林浴都能夠緩

解壓力，對(duì)解決壓力問(wèn)題有相似的效果。故選D。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Howareyoufeelingtoday?Oftenwhenweaskpeoplethatquestion,theyreply'notbad,,or

*couldbeworse'.Butwhatwouldmakeusfeel'perfect'?Maybewecouldlivebetterbybeinghealthier,lessstressed,

moremotivated—buthow?（你今天感覺(jué)怎么樣？通常當(dāng)我們問(wèn)別人這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們的回答是“還行”，或者“可

能更糟”。但是什么會(huì)讓我們感覺(jué)“完美”呢？也許我們可以通過(guò)更健康、更少壓力、更有動(dòng)力來(lái)生活得更好

但怎么做呢？)”以及第二段uOfcoursetherearemanywaysofimprovingourmentalhealth,butsometimesthere

aresmallandsimplesolutionstohelpingimproveourwellbeing』當(dāng)然，有很多方法可以改善我們的心理健康，但有

時(shí)也有一些小而簡(jiǎn)單的解決方案來(lái)幫助改善我們的幸福)”可推知，這篇文章的目的是提供一些提高幸福感的方

法。故選C。

D

Thereisincreasingalannabouttheextentofmicroplasticpollution,whichhasbeenfoundeverywherefromEverest

totheArctic.However,itturnsoutthereanevensmallerandmoretoxicformofplasticpollutionenteringremote

reachesoftheglobe.AnewstudypublishedinEnvironmentalResearchfoundsignificantquantitiesofnanoplasticsinice

samplesfromboththeNorthandSouthPoles.

“NowweknowthatnanoplasticsaretransportedtothesecomersoftheEarthinthesequantities.Thisindicatesthat

nanoplasticsarereallyabiggerpollutionproblemthanwethought,studyleadauthorDusanMatericsaidinapress

release.

Nanoplasticsareplasticsthataresmallerthanamicrometerinsize.Theirsmallsizemeanstheyaremoredifficultto

studythanmicroplastics,orplasticsbetweenfivemillimetersandamicrometer.Buttheymaybeevenmoredangerous.

“Nanoplasticsareverytoxicologically(毒理學(xué)地)activecomparedto,forinstance,microplastics,andthafswhy

thisisveryimportant,Matericsaid.

MatericandhisteamusednewmethodstomeasurenanoplasticpollutioninicesamplesfromGreenlandand

Antarctica.Theysampleda14-meter-deepicecorefromtheGreenlandicecapandseaicefromAntarctica'sMcMurdo

Sound.Theyfoundthattherewereanaverageof13.2nanogramspermilliliterofnanoplasticsintheGreenlandiceandan

averageof52.3nanogramspermilliliterintheAntarcticice.

Butwhatwasevenmoresurprisingthantheamountofnanoplasticsintheremoteicewasjusthowlongtheyhadsat

there.4tIntheGreenlandcore,weseenanoplasticpollutionhappeningallthewayfromthe1960s.Soorganismsinthat

region,despitethelackofthesolidevidence,likelyallovertheworld,havebeenexposedtoitforquitesometimenow,“

Matericsaid.

Thestudyalsolookedatthetypesofplasticpresentinthesamples.HalfoftheGreenlandnanoplasticswere

polyethylene(PE),thekindofplasticusedforplasticbagsandpackaging.Aquartercamefromtiresandafifthwere

polyethyleneterephthalate(PET),whichisusedforclothingandbottles.

12.Whyshouldresearchersfocusmoreonnanoplastics?

A.Theyaremoreimportanttoscience.B.Theyaresmallerbutmoredangerous.

C.Theyareeasilypollutedbyoceanwater.D.Theyaremoreactiveincoldsurroundings.

13.Whatcanwelearnaboutnanoplastics?

A.TheNorthandSouthpolesarethebirthplaceofnanoplastics.

B.Kanoplasticshavelessinfluenceontheplanetthanmicroplastics.

C.Nanoplasticsfoundinthesamplesarewidelyusedinthedailylife.

D.Nanoplasticshavebeenexistingsincethe1960sthroughouttheworld.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"thatregion,refertoinPara6?

A.Greenlandicecap.B.Antarctica'sMcMurdo.

C.Thesouthandnorthpoles.D.Allplacesintheworld.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Mircoplastics—provingmoredangerous.B.Nanoplastics—makingitswaytothepoles.

C.Nanoplastics——posingathreattopeople'slife.D.Mircoplastics—settingthealarmbellsringing.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了發(fā)表在《環(huán)境研究》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，北極和南極的冰樣

本中都含有大量的納米塑料。文章還介紹了什么是納米塑料以及這項(xiàng)研究的開(kāi)展過(guò)程。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Nanoplasticsareplasticsthataresmallerthanamicrometerinsize.Theirsmallsizemeans

theyaremoredifficulttostudythanmicroplastics,orplasticsbetweenfivemillimetersandamicrometer.Buttheymaybe

evenmoredangerous4納米塑料是尺寸小于I微米的塑料它們的小尺寸意味著它們比微塑料(5毫米到1微米之

間的塑料)更難研究。但它們可能更加危險(xiǎn))”可知，研究人員應(yīng)該更多地關(guān)注納米塑料因?yàn)樗鼈兏?，但更?/p>

險(xiǎn)。故選Bo

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Thestudyalsolookedatthetypesofplasticpresentinthesamples.HalfoftheGreenland

nanoplasticswerepolyethylene(PE),thekindofplasticusedforplasticbagsandpackaging.Aquartercamefromtiresand

afifthwerepolyethyleneterephthalate(PET),whichisusedforclothingandbottles.(該研究還研究了樣本中存在的塑

料類型。格陵蘭島一半的納米塑料是聚乙烯(PE),一種用于塑料袋和包裝的塑料。四分之一來(lái)自輪胎，五分之一

是用于服裝和瓶子的聚對(duì)苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET))”可知，樣品中發(fā)現(xiàn)的納米塑料在日常生活中被廣泛使用。故

選C。

【14題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞上文“IntheGreenlandcore,weseenanoplasticpollutionhappeningallthewayfromthe

1960s.(在格陵蘭島核心，我們看到納米塑料污染從20世紀(jì)60年代開(kāi)始一直在發(fā)生)”以及畫(huà)線詞后文“despite

thelackofthesolidevidence,likelyallovertheworld,havebeenexposedtoitforquitesometimenow(盡管缺乏確鑿

的證據(jù)，但可能全世界都已經(jīng)接觸到它很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間了)”可知，在格陵蘭島核心，我們看到納米塑料污染從20

世紀(jì)60年代開(kāi)始一直在發(fā)生。因此，盡管缺乏確鑿的證據(jù)，但格陵蘭冰蓋的生物，可能世界各地的生物，已經(jīng)

暴露在這種環(huán)境中很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間了。故畫(huà)線詞指的是“格陵蘭冰蓋”。故選A。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中uAnewstudypublishedinEnvironmentalResearchfoundsignificantquantitiesof

nanoplasticsinicesamplesfromboththeNorthandSouthPoles.（發(fā)表在《環(huán)境研究》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，北

極和南極的冰樣本中都含有大量的納米塑料）”并結(jié)合文章可知，文章通過(guò)講述一項(xiàng)研究，主要講述北極和南極

的冰樣本中都含有大量的納米塑料，納米塑料污染已經(jīng)非常嚴(yán)重。B選項(xiàng)“納米塑料正在走向兩極”最符合文章

標(biāo)題。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Pictureyourselfsittingathomeinaquietreadingcorner,ignoringtheworldaroundyou,lostinatale.Youreadthe

briefintroductiontoabook,instantlybecomegluedandnowyou'reinthemiddleofanabsoluteturner.But,there9s

ahotdebate—physicalbooksVS.e-booksVS.audiobooks.16

Generally,readingusesseveralareasofthebrain.There'sattentionspan,reasoning,readingfluency,memoryand

languagecomprehension.Readingisknowntostrengthencommunicativeability,vocabularyandincreaseemotional

intelligenceandsocialperception.17

But,let'slookattheprostoreadingwithyoureyes-physicalbooksande-books.Theycanhelptoretain

informationbetter.18Besides,withphysicalbooksande-booksyoucangobackandfindanypartyoumissed,

especiallyifyourmindwandersatsomepointorother.

Ontheotherhand,there'stheaudiobook.Headphonesin,you'reswitchedofffromlifeandthestoryreallycomes

alive,almostlikewatchingafilm-inyourhead.Fromascientificperspective,listeningtoanaudiobookislikelytohelp

youdevelopagreatersenseofempathyasyouheartheemotionofthenarrator.19Hearingthestoryengages

differentpartsofthebrain,heighteningtheintensityandimagery,makingyouenjoyitmore.

20Perhaps,nexttimeyoufindyourselfbrowsingbookshopshelves,alsoconsidertheformat.Itmayjust

changeyourwholeliteraryexperience.

A.Youcanmoreeasilyunderstandinflection（轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)）andtone.

B.So,whicheverwayyou'rereading,therearebenefitsdefinitely.

C.Doesthedeviceyou'reusingtoreadaffectyourreactiontothebook?

D.Allinallitseemsthatthereareadvantagestothethreetypesmentionedabove.

E.Likee-books,physicalbooksseememotionlessbutmakeyoufreeofdistraction.

F.Insum,thereisnolimit,whichisdecidedbyhowmuchapersonreadstherestoflife.

G.Thisisbecausewhenyoucanactuallyseethewords,yourattentionisheldmoreclosely.

【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.A20.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章闡述了實(shí)體書(shū)、電子書(shū)、和有聲書(shū)三種不同閱讀方式的益處。

【16題詳解】

上文“But,there9sahotdebate-physicalbooksVS.e-booksVS.audiobooks.（但是，有一場(chǎng)激烈的辯論實(shí)體書(shū)

VS電子書(shū)VS有聲書(shū)。）”說(shuō)明在關(guān)于實(shí)體書(shū)、電子書(shū)和有聲書(shū)之間人們有不同的觀點(diǎn)；C選項(xiàng)“Doesthedevice

you'reusingtoreadaffectyourreactiontothebook?（你用來(lái)閱讀的設(shè)備會(huì)影響你對(duì)這本書(shū)的反應(yīng)嗎？）”就上文所

提到的“there'sahotdebate”提出了相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，下文作者就三種讀書(shū)方式對(duì)閱讀者的影響分別進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡

述，回答了C選項(xiàng)的問(wèn)題；選項(xiàng)中的“thedeviceyou'reusingtoread”指代上文中的“physicalbooksVS.e-books

VS.audiobooks",由此可知,C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。

【17題詳解】

上文uReadingisknowntostrengthencommunicativeability,vocabularyandincreaseemotionalintelligenceandsocial

perception.（眾所周知，閱讀可以增強(qiáng)交際能力、詞匯量，提高情商和社會(huì)感知力。）”闡述了閱讀的好處；結(jié)合

本段第一句"Generally,readingusesseveralareasofthebrain.（一般來(lái)說(shuō)，閱讀會(huì)用到大腦的幾個(gè)區(qū)域。）”可知閱

讀會(huì)鍛煉到大腦的各個(gè)區(qū)域，由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“So,whicheverwayyou，rereading,therearebenefitsdefinitely.（所

以，無(wú)論你以哪種方式閱讀，都肯定有好處。）”承接上文，對(duì)本段所闡述的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，說(shuō)明不論哪種閱讀

方式都是有益的，回答了第一段所提出的問(wèn)題，符合語(yǔ)境；選項(xiàng)中的“whicheverwayyou，rereading”指代第一

段中的^physicalbooksVS.e-booksVS.audiobooks,“benefits”指代上文中的ustrengthencommunicative

ability,vocabularyandincreaseemotionalintelligenceandsocialperception”。故選B。

【18題詳解】

上文“Theycanhelptorelaininformationbeller.（它們可以幫助更好地保留信息。）”闡述了閱讀實(shí)體書(shū)和電子書(shū)的

好處；G選項(xiàng)"Thisisbecausewhenyoucanactuallyseethewords,yourattentionisheldmoreclosely.（這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)你

能真正看到這些文字時(shí)，你的注意力就會(huì)被牢牢抓住。）”承接上文，解釋為什么實(shí)體書(shū)和電子書(shū)能夠更好地保

留信息,選項(xiàng)中的“This”指代上文的uTheycanhelptoretaininformationbetter.,選項(xiàng)中的"see”與本段第

一句中的ureadingwithyoureyes表述內(nèi)容——致；下文uBesides,withphysicalbooksande-booksyoucangoback

andfindanypartyoumissed,especiallyifyourmindwandersatsomepoinlorother.（此外，對(duì)于實(shí)體書(shū)，你可以回過(guò)

頭來(lái)尋找你錯(cuò)過(guò)的任何部分，尤其是當(dāng)你的思緒時(shí)不時(shí)發(fā)生游離時(shí)。）”進(jìn)一步闡述了實(shí)體書(shū)和電子書(shū)有助于更

好地保留信息的原因。由此可知，G選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【19題詳解】

上文“Fromascientificperspective,listeningtoanaudiobookislikelytohelpyoudevelopagreatersenseofempathyas

youheartheemotionofthenarrator.（從科學(xué)的角度來(lái)看，聽(tīng)有聲書(shū)可能會(huì)幫助你發(fā)展出更大的同理心，因?yàn)槟懵?tīng)

到了敘述者的情感。）”闡述了聽(tīng)有聲讀物的好處；A選項(xiàng)“Youcanmoreeasilyunderstandinflection（轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)）and

tone."承接上文，闡述聽(tīng)有聲書(shū)可以產(chǎn)生同理心的原因，選項(xiàng)中的“inflection（轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)）andlone”指代上文中聽(tīng)書(shū)

者可以感知“theemotionofthenarrator”^0^developagreatersenseofempathy的途徑。故選A。

20題詳解】

根據(jù)第一段中的“But,there'sahotdebate一physicalbooksVS.e-booksVS.audiobooks.（但是，在實(shí)體書(shū)、電子書(shū)

和有聲書(shū)之間有一個(gè)激烈的爭(zhēng)論。）”以及下文對(duì)三種閱讀方式的對(duì)比，可知文章主要闡述了三種閱讀方式各自

的好處；D選項(xiàng)“Allinall,itseemsthatthereareadvantagestothethreetypesmentionedabove.（總而言之，上面提

到的三種類型似乎都有優(yōu)點(diǎn)。）”作者就上文觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，回答了第一段所提出的問(wèn)題，"advantages"指代

上文所闡述的益處，選項(xiàng)中的“thethreetypes”呼應(yīng)第一段中的aphysicalbooksVS.e-booksVS.audiobooks.；

下文“Perhaps,nexttimeyoufindyourselfbrowsingbookshopshelves,alsoconsidertheformat.Itmayjustchangeyour

wholeliteraryexperience4也許，下次你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在瀏覽書(shū)店的書(shū)架時(shí)，也要考慮一下格式。它可能會(huì)改變你的整

個(gè)文字體驗(yàn)。）”承接上文，建議下次可以改變一下閱讀方式，因?yàn)椴煌拈喿x方式帶來(lái)不同的閱讀體驗(yàn)。故選

Do

第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

KenHalewasbornin1934andgrewupintheruggedAmericanSouthwest.Asaboy,hekepthisears21for

asmanyforeignlanguagesashecould.He22Spanish,Navajo,TohonoO'odham,Hopiandmorefromhisfriends

androommatesatboardingschool.Hisobsessionwithlearninglanguagesonceastonishedallacquaintancesaroundhim.

Evenhegotintroubleatschoolfor23moreonlanguagesthanhomework.

Lateron,hegainedfameand24fbrpublishingatrulysurprisingamountofresearchonmanyAustralian

aboriginallanguages.Oncetherehappenedanimpressivething—hewasso25byone,Warlpiri,thatheraisedhis

twosonsspeakingit.

Kenwasalwaysextremely26totheneedsandwantsofthelocallanguagecommunities.Heestablished

schoolsoflinguisticsandlanguagerevitalizationprogramsacrosstheworldsothatnativespeak