Unit4ReadingandThinkingLanguagepointsUnit4ReadingandThinkingLan

重點(diǎn)詞匯講解flood(1)①n.洪水[U]/[C]

Theheavyraincausedfloodsinthehousesbytheriver.

大量

afloodofletters/complaints(投訴）

②vt.淹沒(méi)；使…灌滿水

Afloodoffloodsfloodedthevalley（山谷）.③vi.淹沒(méi)

Thecellar（地窖）floodswheneveritrainsheavily.(2)floodintosth/in涌入（…）

Applicationsfloodedintotheoffice.Donationsbegantofloodinfromkindpeople.

floodsthwithsth某處

鋪滿或者充滿…Theplacewasfloodedwithlight.重點(diǎn)詞匯講解②vt.淹沒(méi)；使…灌滿水③vi.淹沒(méi)(2)2.rescue

(1)n.&vt.營(yíng)救；救援a(chǎn)rescueteam;rescuetheinjured(2)短語(yǔ):rescuesb.from….把某人從……營(yíng)救出來(lái)Thesoldiersrescued

theoldmanfromtheflood.※cometoone’srescue援救或救助某人Aboywastrappedinthebuildingandsoonarescueteamcametohisrescue.3.damage(1)vt.損害；破壞;n損壞；損失Thestronglightcando/causedamagetoyoureyes.翻譯練習(xí)：一股強(qiáng)風(fēng)毀壞了建筑物

Thestrongwinddamagedthebulidings

(2)※do/causedamagetosthThesechemicalscancausedamagetotheliver,heart,andkidneys.這些化學(xué)藥品會(huì)使肝臟、心臟和腎臟受到損害。2.rescue(2)短語(yǔ):rescuesb.fro4.destroyvt.摧毀；毀滅※destroyed；destroyedThebridge_____________(destroy)bytheflood.wasdestroyed5.deathn.死，死亡（1）Thehero_______(die)tenyearsago.Thatistosay,he_________________fortenyears.The_______manwassavedbyakindpasser-by.Thetornadohascausedmany________.diedhasbeendeaddyingdeaths（2）了解一下：amatteroflifeanddeath；生死攸關(guān)的事befrightened/scaredtodeath;嚇得要死starvetodeath;餓死besentencedtodeath判處死刑4.destroywasdestroyed5.dea6.affect（1）vt.影響；（疾?。┣忠u；感染；深深打動(dòng)Theiropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.Cancerhadaffectedhislungsbytheendoflastmonth.

Weweredeeplyaffectedbyherselflessness.(=bedeeplymovedbysth)_________(affect)byaseriousdisease,hehasnolongerabletospeakclearly.(2)n.effect影響；結(jié)果haveaneffectonsth/sb=haveaninfluenceonsth/sb=makeadifferencetosb.Sometimesfamilyenvironmenthasanunbelievableeffectontheshaping(塑造）ofchildren’scharacters.Affected6.affect(2)n.effect影響；結(jié)果7.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!(結(jié)束)(1)asif后跟從句，若是真實(shí)情況或極有可能為事實(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Therearesomanyblankcloudsinthesky.Itseemsasifitisgoingtorainsoon.(2)asif后跟從句，若是不真實(shí)或不大可能為事實(shí)的情況，則要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。針對(duì)何時(shí)的假設(shè)asif從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

①現(xiàn)在情況②已過(guò)去情況

③對(duì)將來(lái)情況

一般過(guò)去時(shí)，即were或did過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即haddone

“過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)”，即would/could/might/should+V原形※asif從句動(dòng)詞所用的時(shí)態(tài)，比實(shí)際情況要早一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)！7.Itseemedasiftheworldw③對(duì)將來(lái)情況進(jìn)行假設(shè)時(shí)，Heopenedhehismouthasifhe___________something.①對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況：Whenachopstickisputintoacupofwater,itlooksasifit________(be)broken.Helooksasifhe____________(notknow)theresult.②對(duì)已過(guò)去情況：Mymotherturnedherbackonmeasifshe_________(know)mymistake.weredidn’tknowhadknownwouldsayExes1.Hebehavedasifnothing_____________.2.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI____________it?3.Shetreatsthechildrenasifshe______theirmother.hadhappenedhaddonewere③對(duì)將來(lái)情況進(jìn)行假設(shè)時(shí)，①對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況：②對(duì)已過(guò)去情況：werdamagedestroyruinhurt

8.ruinvt.&n.破壞；毀壞(1)（be/lie)inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪；成為廢墟(2)同義詞區(qū)分：damage、destroy、ruin；hurt“損失，損害”；表示某物體某一部分上的損害；但不會(huì)影響其主體功能；一般可以修復(fù)，Drinkingtoomuchcandamageone'shealth.“毀滅，消滅”；多指通過(guò)某種有力的或者粗暴的手段，使某物較短時(shí)間內(nèi)毀滅；一般不能或很難恢復(fù)Thetownwasdestroyedinabigfire.“毀壞”；經(jīng)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的累積導(dǎo)致美好的事物破壞嚴(yán)重，且不能修復(fù)，使其失去使用價(jià)值Theoldhouselayinruinsafteraheavyrain.身體上或精神、心靈上的“創(chuàng)傷或傷害”Hiswordshurtmyfeelings.damagedestroyruinhurt8.ruin(2)短語(yǔ)及句型：對(duì)…感到震驚；________________________震驚，吃驚;__________某事令人很吃驚：_____________________________

(1)詞形變化：adj.________;__________Exes:Hewas________atthe_________news,whichwasalsoashocktoherfather.Itisshockingthat……shocking詞形變化以及短語(yǔ)搭配同“surprise”（3）擴(kuò)展：對(duì)某事大吃一驚

(sth.)comeasashockThenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshocktoeveryone.shockedbeshockedat/bysth;beshockedtodosthinshock9.shockn.震驚[U]，令人震驚的事[C]；休克；vt.使某人感到震驚，shockingshocked(2)短語(yǔ)及句型：(1)詞形變化：adj.________;10.trap(1)n.險(xiǎn)境；陷阱set/layatrap;fallintoatrap(2)vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套；trapped;trapped無(wú)連詞且被動(dòng)形式的短語(yǔ)作非謂時(shí)：去be，即只保留V-ed（+介+賓）相關(guān)短語(yǔ):trapsb.intodoingsth用計(jì)使某人上當(dāng)而做某事;betrappedin/understh被困于…….;Exes用trap的正確形式填空①She____________intheburninghouse.②I_______________tellinghimallIknew.③Theteam_________intheburningbuildingwerewaitingforrescueanxiously.wastrappedwastrappedintotrapped10.trap(2)vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套；無(wú)連詞（2）buryoneselfinsthHehasburiedhimselfinhisworksincehecamehere.11.buryvt.埋葬；安葬;buried;buried(1)短語(yǔ)：burysthinsth；

buryone'sfaceinhandsSheburiedherfaceinherhandsandwept.beburiedinsthHewasburiedinthebook,sohedidn’tnoticeitrainingoutside.翻譯練習(xí)：1.我的妹妹正在專心讀故事書(shū)。Mysisterisburiedinreadingthestorybook.2.他埋頭在學(xué)習(xí)中，所以他沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到媽媽的呼喊。Heburiedhimselfinhisstudiessothathedidnothearhismother'scall.專心致志于某事；埋頭做某事（2）buryoneselfinsthHehasb12.effortn.努力;艱難的嘗試;盡力

makean/one'sefforttodosthsparenoefforttodosth一句多譯：我們將竭盡全力幫助你，但你必須做好迎接各種困難的準(zhǔn)備。We’ll_________________,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties_______________________________________________________makeanefforttohelpyou,sparenoefforttohelpyoutryourbesttohelpyou12.effortn.努力;艱難的嘗試;盡力一句多譯13.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦sufferadefeat/losses/painseg.Hesufferedhardpainsfromtheaccident.

sufferfromaheadache/aheartattack

sufferfromterribleinjuries14.supplyn.供應(yīng)（量）;補(bǔ)給;（pl.）補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給supplysthtosb=supplysb.withsth.=providesthforsb=providesb.withsth.給某人提供某物

翻譯：那個(gè)老人為兒童提供圖書(shū)。

Theoldmansuppliedbookstothechildren.Theoldmansuppliedthechildrenwithbooks.Theoldmanprovidedbooksforthechildren.Theoldmanprovidedthechildrenwithbooks.13.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病15.strikev.使…遭受撞擊；給某人留下印象；罷工（1）strikesb.in/on+the+身體部位

bestruckby/withsth被……打動(dòng)；goonstrike舉行罷工；beonstrike在罷工（2）其他意思：（災(zāi)難、疾病等）侵襲；突然想起（時(shí)鐘）敲響報(bào)時(shí)“望文猜意”Thestonestruckhimintheeye.

Agoodideastruckme.Iwasdeeplystruckbythebeautifulscenery.

撞擊突然想起打動(dòng)15.strikev.使…遭受撞擊；給某人留下印象；詞匯拓展：1.diev.______n._______adj.______adj.2.affectv.______n.3.shockv.&n._______adj._________adj.4.breathn._______vi.5.revivev._______n.6.wiseadj._______n.7.eruptv._______n.8.survivev._______n._________v.9.powern.__________adj.10.longadj.______n._________v.deathdeaddeadlyeffectshockedshockingbreathrevivalwisdomeruptionsurvivalsurvivorpowerfullengthlengthen詞匯拓展：deathdeaddeadlyeffectshoc重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)句型1.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervous

toeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.

too…to…太……以至于不能……①He'sfartooyoungtogoonhisown.

②It'stoolatetodoanythingaboutitnow.

③Mycoffeeistoohottodrink.雞甚至豬都焦躁不安，不愿進(jìn)食；狗拒絕進(jìn)入屋內(nèi)。他年紀(jì)太小，不能獨(dú)自一人去?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行任何補(bǔ)救都為時(shí)過(guò)晚。我的咖啡太燙，不能喝。1.ChickensandevenpigswereTranslation1.你還太小,不能上學(xué)。2.箱子太重，小男孩拎不起。3.這件連衣裙太緊了，不能穿。Youaretooyoungtogotoschool.Theboxistooheavyfortheboytocarry.?Thedressistootighttowear.Translation1.你還太小,不能上學(xué)。2.箱子太重2.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!onethird全國(guó)幾乎三分之一的地區(qū)均有震感！①

Ifanappleiscutintosixequalslices,eachsliceiscalledonesixth.

②Fiveforthsoftheearthiscoveredbywater.

③Twothirdsofthevolunteersareboys.如果一個(gè)蘋(píng)果被平分為六塊，每塊就是六分之一。五分之四的地球表面被水覆蓋。三分之二的志愿者是男生。三分之一英語(yǔ)中分?jǐn)?shù)詞由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成，分子用基數(shù)詞（one,two,…)，分母用序數(shù)詞（first,second,…）。當(dāng)分子大于一時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。分?jǐn)?shù)后不能直接跟名詞或代詞，而是跟"of+冠詞/限定詞+名詞/代詞"，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。2.NearlyonethirdofthewhoFillintheblankswithcorrectphrases.1.

_________(五分之一)ofpeople

were

injuredintheearthquake.2.

__________

(三分之二)ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.3.Hehasread____________(四分之三)ofthebook.TwothirdsOnefifththreefourthsFillintheblankswithcorrec3.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.數(shù)以千計(jì)的孩子失去了父母。thousandsof成千上萬(wàn)的；數(shù)以千計(jì)的①Thelibraryattractsthousandsofscholarsandresearchers.②Deathandsufferinghadbeenvisitedonthousandsofinnocents.那個(gè)圖書(shū)館吸引了成千上萬(wàn)的學(xué)者和研究人員。死亡和苦難降臨在了數(shù)千名無(wú)辜的人身上。當(dāng)我們要表示一個(gè)量大而不具體的數(shù)目時(shí)，就可以用ten，hundred，thousand，million等詞加s和介詞of連用，此結(jié)構(gòu)通常用來(lái)修飾名詞。eg：①

tensofthousandsof數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)②hundredsofthousandsof

幾十萬(wàn)③millionsof數(shù)百萬(wàn)的，成百萬(wàn)的3.ThousandsofchildrenwereTranslation1.成千上萬(wàn)的難民陷于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、旱災(zāi)和饑荒之中。2.這種病毒在短短幾天內(nèi)感染了數(shù)千臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)。Thousandsofrefugeesaretrappedbywar,droughtandfamine.Thisvirusinfectedthousandsofcomputerswithindays.Translation1.成千上萬(wàn)的難民陷于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、旱災(zāi)和2.4.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledor

badlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.在此次地震中喪生或身受重傷的人數(shù)超過(guò)了40萬(wàn)。thenumberof

表示“……的數(shù)量”。作主語(yǔ)的中心詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。①Thenumberofcarsonourroadsrose

dramaticallylastyear.

②Thenumberofdeathshasrisentofifty.去年道路上的汽車(chē)數(shù)量劇增。死亡的人數(shù)已上升到50人。4.Thenumberofpeoplewhoweanumberof①Alargenumberofpeoplehaveappliedforthejob.②Wehavelivedherequiteanumberofyears.許多人申請(qǐng)了這工作。我們?cè)谶@兒住了好些年了。

表示“若干的；許多的”。起修飾作用相當(dāng)于many或a

lot

of，number前可以加small，large詞來(lái)表示程度。anumberof①Alargenumberof5.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊(duì)派出了15萬(wàn)名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中搶救出來(lái),并掩埋了死者。thearmy部隊(duì)①Theoldsometimeshelptheyoungtoenrichtheirsocialexperiences.

②

Forthedisabled,lifecansometimesbedifficult.

長(zhǎng)者有時(shí)幫助年輕人豐富社會(huì)閱歷。對(duì)殘疾人來(lái)說(shuō)，生活有時(shí)會(huì)有困難?！皌he+形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的名詞”表達(dá)具有該形容詞語(yǔ)義特征或狀態(tài)的“人”或“物”，為集合概念。這類名詞無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)詞尾，通常當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)詞使用。5.Soonafterthequakes,theTranslation1.青年應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)以報(bào)效祖國(guó)。2.應(yīng)該幫助窮人們自力更生。Theyoungmuststudyhardtoworkfortheircountry.Thepoorshouldbehelpedtostandontheirownfeet.Translation1.青年應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)以報(bào)效祖國(guó)。2.2021新教材高中英語(yǔ)新編課件B1-U4-Language-points用方框內(nèi)所給詞或短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空（每個(gè)短語(yǔ)只能用一次）。too…to…onethirdinshockinruinsthousandsofthenumberof1._____________independentfirmsdecreasedfrom198to96.2.____________peopleattendedthemeeting.3.I'mafraidit's___late__catchthefirstbus.4._________ofthisareaiscoveredwithforest.