第一部分必修3Unit3Ⅰ．閱讀理解A(2020年7月浙江卷)ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue，Washington，generallydon’tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow，especiallyatrushhour.At9：30a．m.，thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9：33a．m.，aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9：37a．m.couldpushitdownto135．Justlikethetrafficitself，thetimingofThatisbydesign.Bellevue，afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle，usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS：intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights，knownasadaptivesignals，haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.“Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed，”saysAlexStevanovic，aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.ForallofBellevue’ssuccess，adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.KevinBalke，aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute，saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities，othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.“It’snotgoingtofixeverything，butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities，”hesays.InBellevue，theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.Inthepast，therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic：justwidentheroads，saysMarkPoch，theBellevueTransportationDepartment’strafficengineeringmanager.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.()1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．Increasedlengthofgreenlights.B．Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C．Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.D．Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.()2．WhatdoesKevinBalkesayaboutadaptivesignals?A．Theyworkbetteronbroadroads.B．Theyshouldbeusedinothercities.C．Theyhavegreatlyreducedtrafficontheroad.D．Theyarelesshelpfulincitiesseriouslyjammed.()3．WhatcanwelearnfromBellevue’ssuccess?A．Itisrewardingtotrynewthings.B．Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.C．Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.D．Thesimplestwayisthebestway.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了華盛頓貝爾維尤的法克托利亞大道采用了可以根據(jù)交通狀況實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整信號(hào)燈時(shí)間的自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈，大大緩解了交通壓力。1．C代詞指代題。代詞that多指代上文內(nèi)容。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句，即本段主題句“Justlikethetrafficitself，thetimingofthesignalschanges.”可知，that指代信號(hào)燈時(shí)間隨交通狀況而變化這一情況，也就是C項(xiàng)“交通信號(hào)燈時(shí)間的靈活控制”。故選C項(xiàng)。2．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的KevinBalke可定位到第四段。根據(jù)本段中的“adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways”以及“othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference”可知，自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈不是解決交通擁堵問題的靈丹妙藥，在一些擁擠不堪的城市，只有大幅減少道路上的汽車數(shù)量才會(huì)產(chǎn)生有意義的影響。由此可推知，凱文·巴爾克認(rèn)為自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈在交通擁堵嚴(yán)重的城市沒那么有用。故選D項(xiàng)。3．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“InBellevue，theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.”可知，貝爾維尤改用自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈給我們上了一課，讓我們意識(shí)到樂于接受新方法的價(jià)值所在。由此可推知從貝爾維尤的成功中我們可以學(xué)到：嘗試新事物是值得的。故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ．七選五(2021年山東省濰坊市五縣市聯(lián)考)Formanyofus,nothingisbetterthanburyingourheadinagoodbook.Whetherit’sacrimestoryorabiographyofsomeone’samazinglife,it’sgoodtoreadabooktoswitchofffromthedistractionsofeverydaylife.__1__Itcanbeeducationalandbroadenthemind.Agoodnovelcanmakeushappy,ormakeuscryaswesympathizewithcharacters.Alistofbooksabout“bibliotherapy”canbeofferedtopatients.__2__It’sbecomesosuccessfulthatit’sabouttobeextendedtochildrenaswell.ProfessorPhilipDavis,authorofabookcalledReadingforLife,studiespeopleinreadinggroupsandfoundthatit’sreadingliterature—writtenworkthoughttohaveartisticvalue,thathasthebesteffect.HetoldtheBBCthatwhenreadingsomethingforpleasure,“…thebrainbeginstoworkfromdifferentparts,anditgetsexcited,itgetspre-emotional.__3__”O(jiān)fcourse,it’seasyinoursmartphonegenerationtoabandonagoodbookandplaywithourphonesinstead.Butopeningupapaperbackcouldbeasimplewaytohelpmaintainourmentalhealth.__4__Andtheymayallowyoutoseethatawkwardsituationyou’vebeenanxiousaboutforweeksfromsomeoneelse’spointofview.__5__Ifthebooklistdoesn’tappeal,youcouldreadbookreviews,visitalibraryorbookshoporaskafriend.Onceyou’vefoundtherighttext,you’llbefascinated!A．Youcanseethebraincomingtolife.B．Andyoucouldalwaysuseane-reader.C．Youcanlendittofriendsandforgetyoudid.D．Itmayseemobviousthatreadingisgoodforus.E．It’sthoughtthattheycanhelpyousettargetsandfindfocus.F．Readingbooksisactuallybeingidentifiedasatreatmenttosickness.G．Ifyou’renotaconcernedreader,itcanbehardtoknowwheretobegin.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。作者通過分析告訴我們閱讀的重要性以及通過閱讀可以帶來的積極影響。1．D根據(jù)后句的“它可以是有教育意義的，還可以開闊眼界?！笨芍?，D項(xiàng)“閱讀對(duì)我們有好處，這似乎是顯而易見的?！焙颓熬錁?gòu)成前后說明。共同表達(dá)閱讀的好處。故選D項(xiàng)。2．F根據(jù)前句提到“可以向患者提供一系列關(guān)于’閱讀療法’的書籍”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)書籍具有“治病”之用。F項(xiàng)“讀書實(shí)際上被認(rèn)為是一種治療疾病的方法?！痹诖藢?duì)前句構(gòu)成補(bǔ)充說明。故選F項(xiàng)。3．A根據(jù)前句提及“他告訴英國廣播公司，當(dāng)你為了快樂而閱讀時(shí)，……大腦從不同的部分開始工作，它變得興奮，它變得情緒化?！笨芍?，此處表示書籍對(duì)大腦的積極影響。A項(xiàng)“你可以看到大腦蘇醒過來。”在此對(duì)上句進(jìn)行總結(jié)說明。共同強(qiáng)調(diào)書籍對(duì)大腦的積極影響。故選A項(xiàng)。4．E根據(jù)前句“但是打開一本平裝書可能是幫助我們保持心理健康的一個(gè)簡單方法。”和畫線后的句子“他們可能會(huì)讓你從別人的角度看到你已經(jīng)焦慮了幾個(gè)星期的尷尬局面?！笨芍?，此處前后句都是強(qiáng)調(diào)書籍對(duì)人生的一些積極的作用。E項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為它們可以幫助你設(shè)定目標(biāo)，找到焦點(diǎn)?！痹诖藰?gòu)成前后并列。故選E項(xiàng)。5．G根據(jù)后句“如果書單不吸引你，你可以看看書評(píng)，去圖書館或書店，或者問問朋友。一旦你找到了正確的文本，你會(huì)為之著迷的。”可知，G項(xiàng)“如果你不是一個(gè)認(rèn)真的讀者，你可能很難知道從哪里開始”為后句作者提出解決方案所針對(duì)的問題。故選G項(xiàng)。Ⅲ．概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。(2019年上海卷)Wherearethebees?Beesareessentialtotheproductionoffoodweeat.Beesmakehoney,buttheyalsopollinatelargeareasofcrops,suchasstrawberries,applesandonions.Aboutathirdofthefoodweeatisaresultofpollinationofthebees.Unfortunately,beeshavebeendisappearingatanalarmingrate.In2006，beekeepersstartedreportingaboutsomethingcalledColonyCollapseDisaster(CCD)．ThemainsignofCCDisthelossofadulthoneybeesfromahive.InOctoberof2006,somebeekeepersreportedthattheyhadlostbetween30and90percentoftheirhives.Thereweremanytheoriesforthedisappearanceofthebees.Butthemostconvincingonehastodowithpesticidesandlifestylesofbeestoday.Nowadays,beekeepersgetmostoftheirincomenotfromproducinghoneybutfromrentingbeestopollinateplants.Thismeansthatthelifeofthetypicalbeenowconsistsoftravellingallaroundthecountrytopollinatecropsastheseasonschange.Thatmeansalotoftravellingontrucks,whichisverystressfultobees.Itisnotunusualforupto30%ofthehivetodieduringtransportduetostress.Inaddition,beesthatspendmostoftheirtimelockedupontrucksarenotexposedtowhattheyusuallyliveon.Instead,theyliveonasweetliquidfromcorn,usuallypollutedwithpesticides.Theexactreasonforthedisappearanceofbeesisnotsure,butlosingbeesisverycostlytothee