六大從句用法總結(jié)2016/6/16六大從句用法總結(jié)2016/6/161主語從句1賓語從句2表語從句3同位語從句4定語從句5狀語從句6目錄主語從句1賓語從句2表語從句3同位語從句4定語從句5狀語從句2主語從句1）主語從句可直接位于主語的位置,如果從句較長,謂語又較短,可用it作形式主語,而將從句放在句末。*Itisafact\apity\aquestion\goodnewsthat...

*Itseems\appears\happened\hasturnedoutthat...

*Itisclear\important\likely\possiblethat...

*Itissaid\reported\estimated\hasbeenprovedthat...

It（形式主語）issaid（謂語）that｛comicbooks（主）create（謂）aconnection（賓）betweenpeopleofthesamegeneration（賓補）｝.（整個句子為真正的主語）主語從句page1主語從句1）主語從句可直接位于主語的位置,如果從句較長,謂語3主語從句Itseemsthat｛theperformanceisveryuseful｝.

2)what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示“...的東西時”,一般不用it作形式主語.

｛Whatwelack｝isexperience.

3)what,who,when,why,whether等詞含有各自的疑問意義,但它們引導(dǎo)的主語從句,都用陳述語序.

｛Howtheplanistobecarriedout｝shouldbediscussedagain.

主語從句page2主語從句Itseemsthat｛theperforma4賓語從句1）賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后.連詞that常可省略。介詞后一般接疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.inthat(因為),exceptthat(除了),butthat(只是）已構(gòu)成固定搭配,其他介詞后一般不接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.

*Ipromised｛thatIwouldchangethesituation｝.

*Allthisisdifferentfrom｛whatAmericanyoungpeoplewouldsayaboutfriendship｝.

*Heiscertainthatwatchingsomuchtelevisionisnotgoodforchildren.

*Thisarticleiswell-writtenexcept｛thatitisabittoolong｝.

賓語從句page1賓語從句1）賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后.連詞5表語從句表語從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子中.表語從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導(dǎo)外,還可由because,asif(though)等引導(dǎo).that?？墒÷?如主句主語為reason,只能用that引導(dǎo)表語從句,不可用because.

*Perhapsthemostimportantthingtorememberis｛thatthereisnoonecommontypeoflifeinAmerica｝.

*Thereasonwhysomanypeoplediedthereis（why引導(dǎo)的同位語）｛thattherewerenotenoughfoodsupplies｝.

*Itlooks｛asifsuccessfulinternationalculturalcommunicationwillmaketheworldsmaller｝.

表語從句page1表語從句表語從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子6同位語從句同位語從句用于對前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進一步說明,一般用連詞that引導(dǎo),由于先行名詞的意義不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引導(dǎo).常見的先行名詞有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有時由于謂語較短,將同位語從句位于謂語之后.

*Shefinallymadethedecision｛thatshewouldjointhefashionshow｝.

*Ihadnoidea｛howmanybooksIcouldborrowatatime｝.

*Thenewscame｛thattheirteamhadwonthechampionship｝（謂語較短，將同位語從句放置在謂語之后）.

同位語從句page1同位語從句同位語從句用于對前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進一步說明,一般用7定語從句定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞,也可以是一個句子.定語從句通常位于先行詞之后,由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo).

限制性定語從句

非限制性定語從句

非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞,也可修飾整個主句,起補充說明作用,與主句之間有逗號隔開,若省去,原句意思不受影響.不可用that引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.關(guān)系詞不可省略.

定語從句page1定語從句定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞,也可以是一個8定語從句限制性定語從句限制性定語從句修飾先行詞,對先行詞起修飾作用,緊接先行詞之后,無逗號,若省去,原句意思不完整.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that等.who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有時也可指物,相當(dāng)于ofwhich；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定語從句中.關(guān)系代詞除了引導(dǎo)定語從句,替代先行詞外,還在從句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、定語等.

定語從句page2定語從句限制性定語從句定語從句page29定語從句*Thecomputersandcables｛whichmakeuptheInternet｝areownedbypeopleandorganizations.

*Those｛wholivealoneorwhoaresick｝mayhavetroubleingettingclosetootherpeople.

*Thegirl｛whoseparentsdiedinanaccident｝islivingwithhergrandmother.

定語從句page3定語從句*Thecomputersandcables10定語從句1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代詞或先行詞前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容詞最高級修飾時,只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)從句.

*Thatisall｛thatI'veheardfromhim｝.

*He'sthefirstperson｛thatI'mgoingtointerviewthisafternoon｝.

2)關(guān)系代詞的省略

在從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞常可省略.關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞,作介詞賓語時不可用that,只可用which或whom引導(dǎo)從句,并且不可省略,但當(dāng)介詞位于賓語從句句末時,作為介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞仍可用that,也可省略.

定語從句page4定語從句1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,anything,everyt11定語從句*Thisisoneofthosethings｛withwhichwehavetoputup｝.

*Thisisoneofthosethings｛(which\that)wehavetoputupwith｝.

3)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why等.關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語,意義上相當(dāng)于一個“介詞+which”的結(jié)構(gòu).

*Evenincomicbooks｛where(=inwhich)therearenowords,thestoriesarefullyexpressedthroughthedrawings｝.

*Nooneknowsthereason｛why(=forwhich)hewassoangrythatday｝.

定語從句page5定語從句*Thisisoneofthosethin12定語從句非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞,也可修飾整個主句,起補充說明作用,與主句之間有逗號隔開,若省去,原句意思不受影響.不可用that引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.關(guān)系詞不可省略.

*Everyobjecthasagravitationalpull,｛whichisratherlikemagnetism｝.

“介詞+which\whom\whose”引導(dǎo)的定語從句

“介詞+which\whom\whose”可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,該結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語動詞的固定搭配,或先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配.

*Thisisthecomputer｛onwhichhespentallhissavings

｝.*Itiswrittenbyaperson｛withwhomweareallfamiliar｝.

定語從句page6定語從句非限制性定語從句定語從句page613定語從句as引導(dǎo)的定語從句

as引導(dǎo)的定語從句主要用于“such...as”及“thesame...as”的結(jié)構(gòu)中,代替先行詞是人或物的名詞.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,代替整個主句,從句可位于主句之前、之后或中間.

*Thesearenotsuchproblems｛ascanbeeasilysolved｝.(as代替先行詞problems)

｛Asismentionedabove｝(as代替主語)

,nosinglecompanyorgroupcancontrol｛whathappensontheInternet｝(賓語從句).定語從句page7定語從句as引導(dǎo)的定語從句

定語從句page714狀語從句時間狀語從句

引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞和詞組有：

1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等.

*Wehavelearntquitealotaboutit｛sincewecamehere｝.

2)assoonas,hardly(scarcely)...when,nosooner...than,each(every)time,themoment,immediately(that)等.*｛AssoonasIsentane-mailmessage｝,Ireceivedpositiveresponses.

*｛Themomentheheardthegoodnews｝,hejumpedwithjoy.

狀語從句page1狀語從句時間狀語從句

狀語從句page115狀語從句地點狀語從句

引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的連詞是where,wherever.

*｛Wherevershewent｝,shetookherlittledaughterwithher.

原因、結(jié)果和目的狀語從句

1）引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：because,as,since,now(that),seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat等.

｛Consideringthatheisafreshman｝,wemustsayheisdoingwell.

2)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：so...that,such...that

,sothat,that,so等.

MickeyMouseissoattractive｛thatthechildrenarereluctanttoleave｝.

狀語從句page2狀語從句地點狀語從句

狀語從句page216狀語從句3)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有：sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest等,從句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情態(tài)動詞.

*Wegotupearlythismorning｛sothatwecouldcatchthefirstbustotherailwaystation｝.

條件和讓步狀語從句

1）引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞和詞組有if,unless,as(so)longas,onconditionthat,incase,provided(providing)that,supposing等.

*｛Aslongasyouhavetherightequipment｝,youcanuseatelephonelinetotransmitcomputerdata.

狀語從句page3狀語從句3)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有：sothat,in17狀語從句2)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞和詞組有though,although,whether,eventhough,evenif