專題一畫出下列句中的真正主語1.Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.2.Presentatthemeetingwereourheadmasterandmanyotherteachers.3.Itishardworkthatleadstosuccess.4.[2022全國乙卷改編]Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance.5.Ithasn’tbeendecidedyetwhentheywillstarttheirproject.答案1.Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudents

2.ourheadmasterandmanyotherteachers

3.hardwork

4.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhood

5.whentheywillstarttheirproject

知識拓展巧妙學方法7種常見的句子結構(1)主謂:主語+謂語(SV)

例:He

left.(2)主系表:主語+系動詞+表語(SVP),也作主(系)表(SP)

例:He

was

busy.(3)主謂賓:主語+謂語+賓語(SVO)

例:She

studies

English.(4)主謂賓補:主語+謂語+賓語+補足語(SVOC)

例:He

painted

theroom

blue.

(5)主謂賓賓:主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(SVIODO)

例:Thewaiter

brought

me

acupoftea.

(6)主謂狀:主語+謂語+狀語(SVA)

例:They

work

hard.(7)主謂賓狀:主語+謂語+賓語+狀語(SVOA)

例:We

like

thefilm

verymuch.

知識拓展基本概念主語是一個句子所敘述的主體。句中位置陳述句中放在句首或謂語之前,但在therebe結構、主語不是疑問詞的疑問句和倒裝句中,位于謂語、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。表現(xiàn)形式名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、動詞不定式(短語)、動詞-ing(短語)、the+形容詞以及從句等。典型例句Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusic

hasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞短語)WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)One-thirdaregirls.(數(shù)詞)Toswiminthepoolisagreatpleasure.(不定式短語)Smokingdoesharmtoyourhealth.(動詞-ing)Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(the+形容詞)WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語從句)Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(It作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)選出下列句子或主句謂語的中心詞1.Thewholeworldspokeonlyonelanguagemanyyearsago.A.world B.spoke C.language D.years2.Goodhabitsformedinchildhoodmakeallthedifference.A.habits B.formed C.make D.difference3.Whatyoulearnatschoolplaysaveryimportantpartinshapingyourbehaviour.A.learn B.plays C.part D.shaping4.Ratherthancuttingoutthefoods,Iaddedhealthyfoodstomymeals.A.Rather B.cutting C.out D.added5.Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinemakesitverydifficulttofocusonotherthingsinlife.A.Spending B.makes C.difficult D.focus答案1.B

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.B

知識拓展什么是謂語?基本概念謂語說明主語的動作、特征或狀態(tài)等,一般由動詞擔任,其人稱和數(shù)必須與主語一致,有時態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣變化。句中位置一般在主語后(疑問句、倒裝句除外)。表現(xiàn)形式動詞(短語)、情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形、某些動詞(如happen,fail,seem等)+不定式、系動詞+表語等。典型例句Hehascaughtacold.(動詞)Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.(情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形)Ifailedtoinviteallmyfriendshere.(某些動詞+不定式)Wearestudents.(系動詞+表語)選出下列句中的賓語

答案1.D

2.D

3.C

4.A

5.C

知識拓展什么是賓語?基本概念表示動作、行為的對象或承受者,分為動詞賓語和介詞賓語兩大類。動詞賓語包括直接賓語、間接賓語、雙重賓語等。句中位置一般在及物動詞或介詞后;間接賓語通常放在直接賓語前,也可在其后,但此時前面須加介詞to或for;直接賓語為人稱代詞時,間接賓語一般后置。表現(xiàn)形式名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、the+形容詞、不定式(短語)、動詞-ing(短語)、從句等。典型例句Youcanleaveyourpetwithmewhiletravelling.(名詞)Hegavemesomegoodadvice.(代詞,名詞)Pleasetakethemtothewaitingroom.(代詞)Theyonlyboughtthree.(數(shù)詞)He’salwayshelpingthepoor.(the+形容詞)Herefusedtodoit.(不定式短語)Tomlikesplayingfootball.(動詞-ing短語)Idon’tknowiftheplanewillarriveontime.(從句)選出下列句中的表語

答案1.D

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.B

知識拓展什么是表語?基本概念與系動詞連用,一起構成復合謂語,說明主語的性質、特征、身份、類別、狀態(tài)等。句中位置一般位于系動詞(如be,become,get,look,seem,turn等)之后。表現(xiàn)形式名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式(短語)、動詞-ing(短語)、分詞、介詞短語、從句等。典型例句OurEnglishteacherisanAmerican.(名詞短語)Isityours?(代詞)Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)Threetimessevenistwentyone.(數(shù)詞)HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式短語)Hishobbyisplayingfootball.(動詞-ing短語)Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語)Timeisup.Theclassisover.(副詞)Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語從句)選出下列句中的定語

答案1.B

2.A

3.B

4.B

5.D

知識拓展什么是定語?基本概念定語為句子的次要成分,起修飾限制名詞或代詞的作用,可分為前置定語和后置定語。表現(xiàn)形式一般由代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式(短語)、分詞(短語)或從句等充當。典型例句Hisfatherisadoctor.(代詞)Mr.Greenhastwosons.(數(shù)詞)ThegirlunderthetreeisKate.(介詞短語)Themandownstairscouldn’tsleepwell.(副詞)Iboughtanewdictionary.(形容詞)Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?(不定式)Amangoingtodieisalwayskind-hearted.(動詞-ing短語)Hewasateacherrespectedbyallhisstudents.(動詞-ed短語)DoyouknowthemanwhoisstandingnexttoMr.Green?(定語從句)選出下列句中的賓語補足語

答案1.C

2.D

3.C

4.D

5.B

知識拓展什么是補語?基本概念補充說明賓語或主語的意義、狀態(tài)等,分別叫作賓語補足語和主語補足語。句中位置賓語補足語通常置于賓語之后,主語補足語通常置于主語或謂語之后。表現(xiàn)形式名詞(短語)、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式(短語)、分詞(短語)等。典型例句Wecallthemmooncakes.(賓補,名詞)Ifounditdifficulttolearnmaths.(賓補,形容詞)Weshowedhimaround.(賓補,副詞)Themachinewasfoundinabadstate.(主補,介詞短語)Thefactorywasorderedtobeclosed.(主補,不定式短語)Hewasseenopeningthewindow.(主補,動詞-ing短語)Hehasjusthadhishaircut.(賓補,動詞-ed)選出下列句中的狀語

答案1.D

2.A

3.D

4.C

5.D

知識拓展什么是狀語?基本概念英語中的狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。表現(xiàn)形式由副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞短語等充當,或由連詞引導狀語從句,表示時間、地點、程度、目的、方式、比較、讓步、條件、原因、結果等。典型例句Ioftengetupat5:30inthemorning.(時間狀語)PandasonlyliveinChina.(地點狀語)

Shegotupearlysothatshecouldcatchthefirstbus.(目的狀語)Nomatterwhathappens