2009年考研英語(yǔ)二真題SectionIIClose(10%)Directions:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(10points)In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad(21)the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge(22)fromthedramaticgrowthoftheeconomiesofchinaandIndiatowidespread(23)inoil-producingregions,includingIraqandNigeria'sdeltaregion.Triple-digitoilpriceshave(24)theeconomicandpoliticalmapoftheworld,(25)someoldnotionsofpower.Oil-richnationsareenjoyinghistoricgainsandopportunities,(26)majorimporte—rsincludingchinaandIndia,hometoathirdoftheworld'spopulation--(27)risingeconomicandsocialcosts.Managingthisneworderisfastbecomingacentral(28)ofglobalpolitics.Countriesthatneedoilareclawingateachotherto(29)scarcesupplies,andarewillingtodealwithanygovernment,(30)howunpleasant,todoit.Inmanypoornationswithoil,theprofitsarebeing,losttocorruption,(31)thesecountriesoftheirbesthopefordevelopment.Andoilisfuelingenormousinvestmentfundsrunbyforeigngovernments,(32)someinthewestseeasanewthreat.CountrieslikeRussia,VenezuelaandIranarewellsuppliedwithrisingoil33,achangereflectedinnewlyaggressiveforeignpolicies.Butsomeunexpectedcountriesarereapingbenefits,(34)costs,fromhigherprices.ConsiderGermany.(35)itimportsvirtuallyallitsoil,ithasprosperedfromextensivetradewithaboomingRussiaandtheMiddleEast.GermanexportstoRussia(36)128percentfrom2001to2006.IntheUnitedStates,asalreadyhighgaspricesrose(37)higherinthespringof2008,theissuecroppedupinthepresidentialcampaign,withSenatorsMcCainandObama(38)forafederalgastaxholidayduringthepeaksummerdrivingmonths.Anddrivinghabitsbeganto(39),assalesofsmallcarsjumpedandmasstransportsystems(40)thecountryreportedasharpincreaseinriders.21.A.comeB.goneC.crossedD.arrived22.A.coveredB.discoveredC.arrangedD.ranged23.A.intensityB.infinityC.insecurityD.instability24.A.drawnB.redrawnC.retainedD.reviewed25.A.fightingB.strugglingC.challengingD.threatenin26.A.andB.whileC.thusD.though27.A.confineB.conflictC.conformD.confront28.A.problemB.questionC.matterD.event29.A.lookforB.lockupC.sendoutD.keepoff30.A.nomatterB.whatifC.onlyifD.inspiteof31.A.abolishingB.deprivingC.destroyingD.eliminating32.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom33.A.interestsB.taxesC.incomesD.revenues34.A.asmanyasB.asgoodasC.asfarasD.aswellas35.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.SinceD.As36.A.advancedB.grewC.reducesD.multiplie37.A.evenB.stillC.ratherD.fairly38.A.askingB.requestingC.callingD.demanding39.A.changeB.turnC.shiftD.transformA.forB.from C.across D.OverPartIIIReadingComprehension(40%)Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.PASSAGE1.HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll'sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandons.Herhusbandandchildrentoseekamoreseriouslife,wouldsurelyhaveapproved..FromJanuaryIst,2008,allpubliccompaniesinNorwayareobligedtoensurethatatleast40%oftheirboarddirectorsarewomen.Mostfirmshaveobeyedthelaw,whichwaspassedin2003.Butabout75outofthe480orsocompaniesitaffectsarestilltoomaleforthegovernment'sliking.TheywillshortlyreceivealetterinformingthemthattheyhaveuntiltheendofFebruarytoact,orfacethelegalconsequences---whichcouldincludebeingdissolved.Beforethelawwasproposed,about7%ofboardmembersinNorwaywerefemale,accordingtotheCentreforCorporateDiversity.Thenumberhassincejumpedto36%.Thatisfarhigherthantheaverageof9%forbigcompaniesacrossEuropeorAmerica's15%fortheFortune500.Norway'sstockexchangeanditsmainbusinesslobbyopposethelaw,asdomanybusinessmen."Iamagainstquotasforwomenormenasamatterofprinciple,"saysSverreMunck,headofinternationaloperationsatamediafirm."Boardmembersofpubliccompaniesshouldbechosensolelyonthebasisofmeritandexperience,"besays.Severalfirmshaveevengivenuptheirpublicstatusinordertoescapethenewlaw.Companieshavehadtorecruitabout1,000womeninfouryears.Manycomplainthatithasbeendifficulttofindexperiencedcandidates.Becauseofthis,someofthebestwomenhavecollectedasmanyas25-35directorshipseach,andareknowninNorwegianbusinesscirclesasthe"goldenskirts".OnereasonforthescarcityisthattherearefairlyfewwomeninmanagementinNorwegiancompanies---theyoccupyaround15%ofseniorpositions.Ithasbeenparticularlyhardforfirmsintheoil,technologyandfinancialindustriestofindwomenwithaenoughexperience.Somepeopleworrythattheirrelativelackofexperiencemaykeepwomenquietonboards,andthatinturncouldmeanthatboardsmightbecomelessabletoholdmanagerstoaccount.RecenthistoryinNorway,however,suggeststhattherightwomencanmakestrongdirectors."Womenfeelmorecompelledthanmentodotheirhomework,"saysMsRekstenSkaugen,whowasvotedNorway'schairmanoftheyearfor2007,"andwecanaffordtoaskthehardquestions,becausewomenarenotalwaysexpectedtoknowtheanswers."TheauthormentionsIbsen'splayinthefirstparagraphinorderto?.depictwomen'sdilemmaatwork B.explainthenewlypassedlawC.supportNorwegiangovernment D.introducethetopicunderdiscussionApubliccompanythatfailstoobeythenewlawcouldbeforcedto?.payaheavyfine B.closedownitsbusinessC.changetoaprivatebusiness D.signadocumentpromisingtoactTowhichofthefollowingisSverreMunckmostlikelytoagree?Asetratioofwomeninaboardisunreasonable.Areasonablequotaforwomenatworkneedstobeset.Acommonprincipleshouldbefollowedbyallcompanies.Aninexperiencedbusinessmanisnotsubjecttothenewlaw.Theauthorattributesthephenomenonof"goldenskirts"to?.thesmallnumberofqualifiedfemalesinmanagementtheover-recruitmentoffemalemanagersinpubliccompaniestheadvantagewomenenjoywhencompetingforseniorpositionsD.thediscriminationtowardwomeninNorwegianbusinesscirclesThemainideaofthepassagemightbe?.femalepowerandliberationinNorway B.thesignificanceofHenricIbsen'splayC.women'sstatusinNorwegianfirms D.theconstitutionofboardmembersinNorwayPASSAGE2Whilethere'sneveragoodagetogetcancer,peopleintheir20sand30scanfeelparticularlyisolated.Theaverageageofacancerpatientatdiagnosisis67.Childrenwithcanceroftenaretreatedatpediatriccancercenters,butyoungadultshaveatoughtimefindingpeers,oftensittingside-by-sideduringtreatmentswithpeoplewhocouldbetheirgrandparents.InhernewbookCrazySexyCancerTips,writerKrisCarrlooksatcancerfromtheperspectiveofayoungadultwhoconfrontsdeathjustasshe'sdiscoveringlife.Ms.Carrwas31whenshewasdiagnosedwithararefromofcancerthathadgeneratedtumorsonherliverandlungs.Ms.Carrreactedwiththenormalfeelingsofshockandsadness.Shecalledherparentsandstockeduponorganicfood,determinedtobecomea"full-timehealingaddict."Thenshepickedupthephoneandcalledeveryoneinheraddressbook,askingiftheyknewotheryoungwomenwithcancer.Theresultwasherownpersonal"cancerposse":arockconcerttourmanager,amodel,afashionmagazineeditor,acartoonistandaMTVcelebrity,tonameafew.Thisclubof?"cancerbabes"offeredsupport,adviceandfashiontips,amongotherthings.Ms.CarrputhercancerexperienceinarecentLearningChanneldocumentary,andshehaswrittenapracticalguideabouthowshecoped.Cancerisn'tfunny,butMs.Carroftenis.Sheswears,shemakesupnamesforthepeoplewhotreather(Dr.FabulousandDr.Guru),andsheevenmakessecondsoundfun("cancerroadtrips,"shecallsthem).Sheleavesthemedicaladvicetodoctors,insteadofferinginsightfulandpracticaltipsthatreflecttheworldviewofayoungadult."Irefusedtoletcancerruinmyparty,"shewrites."Therearejusttoomanycoolthingstodoandplanandlivefor."Ms.Carrstillhascancer,butithasstoppedprogressing.Hercancertipsincludeusingtime-savingmasse-mailstokeepfriendsinformed,sewingorbuyingfashionablehospitalgownssoyou'renotstuckwithregulationblueorgrayandplayingGloriaGaynor's"IWillSurvive"soloudyouneighborscallthepolice.Ms.Carralsoadvisesaneyebrowwaxandanewoutfitbeforeyoutelltheimportantpeopleinyourillness."peopleyoutellaregoingtocautiousandnotsocautiouslytrytoseethecancer,sodazzletheminsteadwithyourmiracle,"shewrites.Whileheradvicemaysoundsuperficial,itgetstotheheartofwhateverycancerpatientwants:thechancetolivelifejustasshealwaysdid,andmaybebetter.Whichofthefollowinggroupsismorevulnerabletocancer?Children.Peopleintheir20sand30s.Youngadults.Elderlypeople.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT KrisCarrisafemalewriterKrisCarrismorethan31-year-old.KrisCarrworksinacancercenter.D.KrisCarrisveryoptimistic.Thephrase"cancerposse"(Line4,para.3)probablyrefersto acancerresearchorganizationagroupofpeoplewhosufferfromcancerpeoplewhohaverecoveredfromcancerpeoplewhocopewithcancerKrisCarrmakeupnamesforthepeoplewhotreatherbecause sheisdepressedandlikesswearingsheisfunnyandlikesplayingjokesondoctorshewantstoleavethemedicaladvicetodoctorshetriestoleaveagoodimpressionondoctorFromKrisCarr'scancertipswemayinferthat shelearnedtousee-mailsaftershegotcancershewearsfashionabledressevenaftersufferingfromcancerhospitalgownsforcancerpatientsareusuallynotinbrightcolorstheneighborsareveryfriendlywithcancerpatientsPASSAGE3Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Shouldaleaderstrivetobelovedorfeared?Thisquestion,famouslyposedbyMachiavelli,liesattheheartofJosephNye'snewbook.Mr.Nye,aformerdeanoftheKennedySchoolofGovemmentatHarvardandone-timechairmanofAmerica'sNationalIntelligenceCouncil,isbestknownforpromotingtheideaof"softpower",basedonpersuasionandinfluence,asacounterpointto"hardpower",basedoncoercion?迫)andforce.Havinganalyzedtheuseofsoftandhardpowerinpoliticsanddiplomacyinhispreviousbooks,Mr.Nyehasnowturnedhisattentiontotherelationshipbetweenpowerandleadership,inboththepoliticalandbusinessspheres.Machiavelli,henotes,concludedthat"oneoughttobebothfearedandloved,butasitisdifficultforthetwotogotogether,itismuchsafertobefearedthanloved."Inshort,hardpowerispreferabletosoftpower.Butmodemleadershiptheoristshavecometotheoppositeconclusion.Thecontextofleadershipischanging,theobserve,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated.Inmodemcompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchiesarebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant.Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeabackseattopersuasion.Mr.Nyeargues.Instead,headvocatesasynthesisofthesetwoviews.TheconclusionofThePowerstoLead,hissurveyofthetheoryofleadership,isthatacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichhcealls”smaprotwer”,isthebestapproach.Thedominanttheoreticalmodelofleadershipatthemomentis,apparently,th“etransformationalleadershippattern.”Anoneallergictomanagementtermwillalreadyberunningfortheexit,butMr,Nyehasperformedavaluableserviceinroundingupandsummarizingthevariousacademicstudiesandtheoriesofleadcrishipintoasingle,slimvolume.Heexaminesdifferentapproachestoleadership,themoralityofleadershipandhowthewidercontextcandeterminetheeffcctivenessofaparticularleader.Thereareplcntyofanccdotesandexamples,bothhistoricalandcontemporary,politicalandcorpo4/60rate.Alsa,leadershipisaslipperysubject,andashedepictsvarioustheories,evenMr.Nyeneverquitenailsthejellytothewall.Heisathismostinterestingwhendiscussingthemoralaspectsofleadershipinparticular,thequestionofwhetheritissometimesnecessaryforgoodleaders?tolie-andheprovidesahelpul12-pointsummaryofhisconclusions.Arecumingthemeisthatascircumstanceschange,differentsortsofleadcrsarerequired;aleaderwhothrivesinoneenvironmentmaystruggleinanother,andviceversa.Ultimatelythatisjustafancywayofsayingthatleadcrshipoffersnocasyanswers.FromthefirsttwoparagraphswemaylearnthanMr.Machiavelli'sideaofhardpoweris .wellacceptedbyJosephNyeveryinfluentialtillnowadaysbasedonsoundtheoriesD.contrarytothatofmodemleadershiptheoristsWhichofthefollowingmakessoftpowermoreimportanttodayaccordingtoMr.Nye?Coercioniswidespread.Moralityisdevalued.Powerisnolongerconcentrated.Traditionalhierarchiesarestrengthened53.InhisbookthePowerstolead,Mr.NyehasexminedallthefollowingaspectsofleadershipEXCEPT .A.authorityB.contextC.approachesD.moralityMr.Nye'sbookisparticularlyvaluableinthatit .makeslittleuseofmanagementtermssummarizesvariousstudiesconciselyservesasanexitforleadershipresearcherssetsamodelforcontemporarycorporateleadersAccordingtotheauthor,themostinterestingpartofMr.Nye'sbookliesinhis .A.viewofchangeableleadershipdefinitionofgoodleadershipsummaryofleadershiphistorydiscussionofmoralleadershipPASSAGE4Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Americansdon'tliketolosewars.Ofcourse,alotdependsonhowyoudefinejustwhatawaris.Thereareshootingwars-thekindthattestpatriotismandcourage-andthosearethekindatwhichtheU.Sexcels.Butotherstrugglestestthosequalitiestoo.WhatelsewastheGreatDepressionorthespaceraceortheconstructionoftherailroads?IfAmericanindulgeinabitoffla—gwhenthejobisdone,theyearnedit.Nowthereisasimilarchallenge.Globalwarming.Thesteadydeterioration（ 惡化）oftheveryclimateofthisveryplanetisbecomingawarofthefirstorder,andbyanymeasure,theU.S.producesnearlyaquarteroftheworld'sgreenhousegaseseachyearandhasstubbornlymadeitclearthatitdoesn'tintendtodoawholelotaboutit.Although174nationsapprovedtheadmittedlyflawedKyotoaccordstoreducecarbonlevels,theU.S.walkedawayfromthem.Therearevaguepromisesofmanufacturingfuelfromherbsorpoweringcarswithhydrogen.Butforacountrythattightlycitespatriotismasoneofitscorevalues,theU.S.istakingapassonwhatmightbethemostpatrioticstruggleofall.It'shardtoimagineabiggerfightthanoneforthesurvivalofacountry'scoastsandfarms,thehealthofitspeopleandstabilityofitseconomy.Therubis,ifthevastmajorityofpeopleincreasinglyagreethatclimatechangeisaglobalemergency,5/60there'sfarlessagreementonhowtofixit.Industryoffersitspans,whichtoooftenwouldfixlittle.Environmentalistsoffertheirs,whichtoooftenamounttonativewishliststhatcouldweakenAmerican'sgrowth.Butlet'sassumethatthoseinterestedpartiesandotherswillalwaysbentthetableandwillalwaysdemandthattheirvoicesbeheardandthattheirneedsbeaddressed.Whatwouldanaggressive,ambitious,effectiveplanlooklike-onethatwouldleavetheU.S.bothenvironmentallysafeandeconomicallysound?Haltingclimatechangewillbefarharder.Oneofthemoreconservativeplansforaddressingtheproblemcallsforareductionof25billiontonsofcarbonemissionsoverthenext52year.Andyetbydevisingaconsistentstrategythatmixesandblendspragmatism(實(shí)用主義)withambition,theU.S.can,withoutmajordamagetotheeconomy,helphalttheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandensurethesurvivalofitswayoflifeforfuturegenerations.Moneywilldosomeofthework,butwhat'sneededmostiswill."I'mnotsayingthechallengeisn'talmostoverwhelming,"saysFredKrupp."ButthisisAmerica,andAmericahasrisentothesechallengesbefore."Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Humanwars.B.Economiccrisis.C.America'senvironmentalpolicies.D.Globalenvironmentingeneral.Fromthelastsentenceofparagraph2wemaylearnthatthesurvivalofacountry'scoastsandfarms,thehealthofitspeopleandthestabilityofitseconomyis .A.ofutmostimportanceB.afightnoonecanwinC.beyondpeople'simaginationD.alesssignificantissueJudgingfromthecontext,theword"rub"(Line1,Para.3)probablymeans .frictionB.contradictionC.conflictD.problemWhatistheauthor'sattitudetowardAmerica'spoliciesonglobalwarming?Critical B.IndifferentC.SupportiveD.CompromisingTheparagraphsimmediatelyfollowingthispassagewouldmostprobablydealwith .A.thenewbookwrittenbyFredKrupp B.howAmericacanfightagainstglobalwarmingC.theharmfuleffectsofglobalwarming D.howAmericacantideovereconomiccrisisPartVWriting(20%)Direction:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowinginformation.Makecommentsandexpressyourownopinion.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsonAnswerSheet2.Atpresent,thereisnodoubtthatshortmessageplaysanincreasinglyimportantroleinourlives.Weareallawarethat,likeeverythingelse,shortmessagehavebothfavorableandunfavorableaspects.Generallyspeaking,theadvantagescanbelistedasfollows.Firstofall,infestivals,wecansendshortmessagestowishgoodlucktootherpeopleweknow.Itbringsusalotofconvenience.Inaddition,shortmessageconnectsitsuserswiththeoutsideworld.Forexample,somepeoplesubscribeweatherforecastornewsshortmessages,withthem,peo?pslelifewillbegreatlyenriched.Butitispitythateverycoinhastwosides.Thedisadvantagesofshortmessage?tcbaneignored.Wespendtoomuchtimeonspellingourwordsandsendingshortmessagesthatwe?tcafoncusonourstudies.Also,youwillalwaysbeannoyedbystrange?rshortmessagesoneafteranother.Asisknowntoall,shortmessageisneithergoodnorbaditself.Inmyopinion,wecanuseit.Butweshouldn?tspendtoomuchtimeonitanddo?ntletitdisturbusfromourlives.2009年真題答案答案SECTION221-30CDDBCBDABA31-40BADDABACACSECTION341-50BBAACCCBCC51-60DCABDCAAACSECTION4由于國(guó)家金融體制處于危機(jī)邊緣動(dòng)蕩,一些大銀行和金融機(jī)構(gòu)中的高級(jí)管理人員的補(bǔ)償金計(jì)劃就受到密切關(guān)注.銀行家們過(guò)度冒險(xiǎn)是金融危機(jī)的至關(guān)重要原因 ,在歷史上也有類(lèi)似情況.在這種情況下,一般是由低息引起并造成持續(xù)的錯(cuò)覺(jué),其實(shí)是一種債務(wù)泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì).抵押貸款人很樂(lè)意把大量資金借給無(wú)力償還的人,就把貸款瓜分了,并沿這樣的鏈條出售給下一個(gè)金融機(jī)構(gòu),這些做法都在利用高科技證券業(yè),結(jié)果,卻增加了抵押資產(chǎn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn).金融條例必須能應(yīng)付這種能使銀行下滑的 ,最不負(fù)責(zé)任的做法,以期扭轉(zhuǎn)下一個(gè)危機(jī),而這下一個(gè)危機(jī)很可能包括有各種類(lèi)型的技術(shù)和資產(chǎn) .但值得審視補(bǔ)償金計(jì)劃的根本問(wèn)題,因?yàn)槟鞘茄矍袄?但卻讓銀行家們不負(fù)責(zé)任的甘冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn).46.Directions:InthissectionthereisatextinEnglish.TranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)“Suatainabilityhas”becomeapopularwordthesedays,buttoTedNing,theconceptwillalwayshavepersonalmeaning.Havingenduredapainfulperiodofunsustainabilityinhisownlifemadeitcleartohimthatsustainability-orientedvaluesmustbeexpressedthougheverydayactionandchoice.Ningrecallsspendingaconfusingyearinthelate1990ssellinginsurance.?dHebeenthoughthedot-comboomandburstand,desperateforajob,signedonwithaBoulderagency.Itdidin?tgowell.“Itwasareallyhadmovebecauseth?astnotmypassion,s”aysNing,whosedilemmaaboutthejobtranslated,predictably,intoalackofsale“s.Iwasmiserable,IhadsomuchanxietythatIwouldwakeupinthemiddleofthenightandstareattheceiling.Ihadnomoneyandneededthejob.Everyonesaid”Justwait,you?lltrunthecorner,giveitsometim?'翻譯參考“堅(jiān)持不懈”如今已成一個(gè)流行詞匯，但對(duì)TedNing而言，這個(gè)概念一直有個(gè)人含義，經(jīng)歷了一段痛苦松懈的個(gè)人生活，使他清楚面向以堅(jiān)持不懈為導(dǎo)向的價(jià)值觀，必須貫徹到每天的行動(dòng)和選擇中。Ning回憶起20世紀(jì)90年代末期賣(mài)保險(xiǎn)的那段迷茫時(shí)光，他通過(guò)蓬勃興起的網(wǎng)絡(luò)瘋狂地找工作，并且與Boulder代理機(jī)構(gòu)簽了約。事情進(jìn)展并不順利，TedNing說(shuō)到：那真是個(gè)糟糕的選擇，因?yàn)槲覍?duì)此沒(méi)有激情，”可以預(yù)料，他把工作中的矛盾能解釋為沒(méi)有業(yè)務(wù)。 Ning說(shuō)：我很痛苦渴望午夜起來(lái)盯著天花板，我沒(méi)錢(qián)，我需要工作，每個(gè)人都說(shuō),等吧，只要有耐心會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)的。?”47.Directions:YouhavejustcomebackfromtheU.S.asamemberofaSino-Americanculturalexchangeprogram.WritealettertoyourAmericancolleagueto1)Expressyourthanksforhis/herwarmreception;2)Welcomehim/hertovisitChinainduecourse.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseZhangWei”instead.Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)Dearxxx,IwouldliketoconveymyheartfeltthankstoyouforyourkindnesstoreceivemewhenIparticipatedinanexchangeprograminUSA.YourgeneroushelpmadeitpossiblethatIhadaverypleasantstayandachancetoknowAmericanculturesbetter.Besides,IthinkitisanhonorformetomakefriendswithyouandIwillcherishthegoodwillyoushowedtomewhereverIgo.IdohopethatyouwillvisitChinaoneday,sothatIcouldhavetheopportunitytorepayyourkindnessandrefreshourfriendship.Ifeelobligedtothankyouagain.Sincerelyyours,ZhangWei48.Directions:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)Interpretthechartand2)Giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.WriteyouressayononANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Inthischart,wecanseethemobilephonesubscriptionsindevelopedcountrieshaveasteadyandslightincreasefrom1990to2007andthenremainconstantin2008.Meanwhilethemobilephonesubscri7/60ptionsindevelopingcountrieshavewitnessedaslowincreasefrom1990to2004andthenagreatsurgefrom2004to20007:thebiggestsurgehappensfrom2005to2006.Thischartreflectsdifferentdevelopingmodesofmobilephoneindustryindevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Thedevelopedcountrieshavealimitednumberofpopulations,mostofwhomarewell-educated.Therefore,thespreadingofthemobilephoneserviceisefficientandsoonthemarketissaturated.Alsoatthebeginningthedevelopedcountrieshavemorepeoplewhocanaffordthisservice.Thedevelopingcountrieshavealargepopulationwhokeepsalargedemandformobileservice.Asthemobilephoneservicebecomescheaperandcheaper,theincreasingcustomerssubscribetobenefitfromthissevice.Asdiscussedabove,itisnotsurprisingtoseethischange.Inmyopinion,thistrendthatthenumberofmobile-phonesubscriptionsisincreasinglyincreasingwillcontinueforawhileinthefuture.2010考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:TheoutbreakofswinefluthatwasfirstdetectedinMexicowasdeclaredaglobalpandemiconJune11,2009,inthefirstdesignationbytheWorldHealthOrganizationofaworldwidepandemicin41years.TheheightenedalertcameafteranemergencymeetingwithfluexpertsinGenevathatconvenedafterasharpriseincasesinAustralia,andrisingnumbersinBritain,Japan,Chileandelsewhere.Butthepandemicis"moderate"inseverity,accordingtoMargaretChan,theorganization'sdirectorgeneral,withtheoverwhelmingmajorityofpatientsexperiencingonlymildsymptomsandafullrecovery,oftenintheabsenceofanymedicaltreatment.TheoutbreakcametoglobalnoticeinlateApril2009,whenMexicanauthoritiesnoticedanunusuallylargenumberofhospitalizationsanddeathsamonghealthyadults.AsmuchofMexicoCityshutdownattheheightofapanic,casesbegantocropupinNewYorkCity,thesouthwesternUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.IntheUnitedStates,newcasesseemedtofadeaswarmerweatherarrived.ButinlateSeptember2009,officialsreportedtherewassignificantfluactivityinalmosteverystateandthatvirtuallyallthesamplestestedarethenewswineflu,alsoknownas(A)H1N1,notseasonalflu.@Zov&01IntheU.S.,ithasinfectedmorethanonemillionpeople,andcausedmorethan600deathsandmorethan6,000hospitalizations.FederalhealthofficialsreleasedTamifluforchildrenfromthenationalstockpileandbegantakingordersfromthestatesforthenewswinefluvaccine.Thenewvaccine,whichisdifferentfromtheannualfluvaccine,isavailableaheadofexpectations.MorethanthreemilliondosesweretobemadeavailableinearlyOctober2009,thoughmostofthoseinitialdoseswereoftheFluMistnasalspraytype,whichisnotrecommendedforpregnantwomen,peopleover50orthosewithbreathingdifficulties,heartdiseaseorseveralotherproblems.Butitwasstillpossibletovaccinatepeopleinotherhigh-riskgroup:healthcareworkers,peoplecaringforinfantsandhealthyyoungpeople.SectionnReadingcomprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,CandDMarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Thelongestbullruninacenturyofart-markethistoryendedonadramaticnotewithasaleof568/60worksbyDamienHirst, “BeautifulInsideMyHeadForever ”,atSotheby'sinLondononSe15th2008(seepicture).Allbuttwopiecessold,fetchingmorethana70marecordforasalebyasingleartist.Itwasalasthurrah.Astheauctioneercalledoutbids,inNewYorkoneoftheoldestbanksonWallStreet,LehmanBrothers,filedforbankruptcy.Theworldartmarkethadalreadybeenlosingmomentumforawhileafterrisingvertiginouslysince2003.Atitspeakin2007itwasworthsome$65billion,reckonsClareMcAndrew,founderofArtsEconomics,aresearchfirm—doublethefigurefiveyearsearlier.Sincethenitmayhavecomedownto$50billion.Butthemarketgeneratesinterestfarbeyonditssizebecauseitbringstogethergreatwealth,enormousegos,greed,passionandcontroversyinawaymatchedbyfewotherindustries.IntheweeksandmonthsthatfollowedMrHirst'sale,spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable,especiallyinNewYork,wherethebail-outofthebankscoincidedwiththelossofthousandsofjobsandthefinancialdemiseofmanyart-buyinginvestors.Intheartworldthatmeantcollectorsstayedawayfromgalleriesandsalerooms.Salesofcontemporaryartfellbytwo-thirds,andinthemostoverheatedsecto—rforChinesecontemporaryart—theyweredownbynearly90%intheyeartoNovember2008.Withinweekstheworld'stwo