第第頁(yè)2024屆高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法：定語(yǔ)從句十二字解題法課件（共21張PPT)(共21張PPT)

定語(yǔ)從句十二字解題法

一、定句從句的概念及基本構(gòu)成

1.構(gòu)成：名詞/代詞++定從

關(guān)系詞

關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系副詞

頭

脖子

身體

Heistheman.

Isawhimyesterday.

Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.

判斷定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?/p>

Isawthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.

Doyoukonwthemanwho/thatisstandingoverthere.

Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.

Basketballisagamewhich/thatispopularwithyoungpeople.

Thisisthepenwhich/thatheboughtyesterday.

Isawahousewhosewindowisred.

Iknowthemanwhosefatherisadoctor.

Irememberthetimewhenwestudiedtogether.

ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.

Iknowthereasonwhyshewaslatethismorning.

賓

主

表

主

賓

定

定

時(shí)狀

地狀

原狀

2.關(guān)系詞

關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系副詞

who(人，主)

which(物，主、賓)

that(人/物，主、賓、表)

whom(人，賓)

whose(人/物，定)

as

when，where，why(狀)

when指代介詞+時(shí)間名詞

where指代介詞+地點(diǎn)名詞

why=forwhich,which指代thereason

二、十二字解題法

定什么，帶什么，缺什么，補(bǔ)什么

Thisistheroomwelivedin.

welived.

句意成立

in

which

that

×

inwhich

where(介+關(guān)代可用關(guān)副詞代替)

(theroom)

(theroom)

三、關(guān)系代詞that與which的區(qū)別

共性：都可以指物

用which不用that的情況

指物時(shí)

1.介詞后的關(guān)系代詞

2.先行詞是that或those時(shí)

3.非限制定句從句中不能用that

Doyoulikethebooktheytalk

Wehavethatweneed.

Water,isaclearliquid,hasmany

uses.

aboutwhich

which

which

用that不用which的情況

1.先行詞為指物的不定代詞或數(shù)詞

2.先行詞既指人又指物

3.先行詞被very,theonly，序數(shù)詞及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾

4.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句作表語(yǔ)

5.Therebe開(kāi)頭的句子，先行詞指物

6.主句是以who,which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句

Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate.

四、關(guān)系代詞that與who的區(qū)別

注：記住什么情況下用who就可以了

1.先行詞指人的those/one/ones

2.先行詞為I/you/he等人稱代詞

3.以therebe開(kāi)頭的句子，先行詞指人

Thereisaprettygirlwhowantstoseeyou.

五、關(guān)系代詞的選擇

1.定語(yǔ)從句是限定性還是非限定性

如非定限定性從句不能用that

2.先行詞指人，還是指物

如指人who,whom,指物that,which

3.句子所缺成分

缺主賓表/定(whose)/狀(when,where,why)

六、介詞+關(guān)系代詞的考查

介詞+關(guān)系代詞

which(先行詞指物)

whom(先行詞指人)

90%

10%介詞+whose

Thisistheheroweareproud.

weareproudof.

句意成立

ofwhom

that

whom

×

(thehero)

(thehero)

of

七、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

非限定從：有逗號(hào),無(wú)連詞，缺成分

非限定從中不能用關(guān)系詞that,why

Hegotthefirstprize,madehisparents

happy.

whothatwhichwhenas

as與which的區(qū)別

which表因果

as表正如

which

八、關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

考點(diǎn)1：與which區(qū)別

共性：引導(dǎo)非限定從和限定從；

指代前面整個(gè)句子

區(qū)別：引導(dǎo)非限定從，as可放于句首或句末

which只能放于句中。及參考第七點(diǎn)

考點(diǎn)2：與that區(qū)別

限定從：thesame

such

such判別依據(jù)：缺成分用as，不缺成分用that

Heissuchateacherwealllikehim.

Heissuchateacherwealllike.

that

as

as+句子

that+句子

九、定從的主謂一致的問(wèn)題

定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與先行詞保致一致

注意theoneof+復(fù)名，theonlyoneof+復(fù)名

作先行詞，考查先行詞的選取

theoneof+復(fù)名先行詞為復(fù)名

theonlyoneof+復(fù)名先行詞為theonlyone

Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho/thatis

givenaprize.

十、way,time,reason作先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系詞的選取

Idislikethewayhespeaks.

Doyourememberthetimehetoldusjustnow.

Canyoutellmethetimewe’llhavethemeeting.

Thereasonhegaveislame(無(wú)說(shuō)服力的).

注：不要看到time就用when，place就用where,reason就用why.考慮用十二字解題法解決。

inwhich/that/不填

Which/that/省略

when

that

1.____isknowntousallisthatthe2023OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.

A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which（2023福建）

2.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(2023陜西卷)

A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsof

C.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich

3.TheScienceMuseum,____________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.（2023江蘇卷）

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where

4.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.（全國(guó)卷II）

A.itB.whatC.whichD.that

5.ItwasinNewZealand___ElizabethfirstmetMr.Smith.（全國(guó)卷II）

A.thatB.howC.whichD.when

6.I’llgiveyoumyfriend’shomeaddress,______Icanbereachedmostevenings.

（08北京卷）

A.whichB.whenC.whomD.where

7.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,_____therewon’tbemuchwork.(2023上海春招)

A.whereB.thatC.bywhich

D.withoutwhich

8.Wewentthroughaperiod_____communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.(202