專題專題03限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句【理論回顧】一、 定語從句的分類 定語從句定語從句 定語從句限制性定語從句：YesterdayIreceivedaletterwhichcamefromAustralia.Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.October1,1949wasthedaywhenthePeople 'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.非限制性定語從句：Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.二、 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別區(qū)別一：形式不同限定性定語從句主句和從句之間 逗號隔開；而非限定性定語從句與主句之間通常 逗號隔開。區(qū)別二：功能不同限定性定語從句用于對先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識別，如果去掉，就會造成句意 ;而非限定性定語從句用于對先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如果省略，句意 。如：Peoplewhotakephysicalexercise liveIonger.進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人活得長些。 （若把從句去掉句子就失去意義 ）Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow ,iscominghomenextweek.他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來。 （若把從句去句子意義仍然完整 ）區(qū)別三：翻譯不同在翻譯定語從句時(shí)，一般把限定性定語從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前， 而把非限定性定語從句與主句分開。如：6.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof satasmallboy.6.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof satasmallboy.Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人。I'veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀請了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。區(qū)別四：關(guān)系詞不同關(guān)系詞that和why可用于 定語從句中，通常不用于 定語從句；另外，在限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞有時(shí) 省略，而在非限制性定語從句中關(guān)系詞一律 區(qū)別五：先行詞不同限定性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞、 名詞詞組或代詞，而非限定性定語從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是 ;另外，當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨(dú)一無二性的普通名詞時(shí)，通常要用 定語從句，而不用 定語從句。如：Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.（which指整個(gè)主句）Mr.Smith,whoisourboss,willleaveforJapannextweek.（先行詞為專有名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾 ）Herfather,whohasalotofmoney,wisheshertostudyabroad.（先行詞為表獨(dú)一無二意義的普通名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾 ）【想一想】例題1:OnSundaystherewerealotofchildren playinginthepark, parentsseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that例題2:OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark, parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that例題3：OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that例題4：OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark, parentssittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.thatA.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that例題5:OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark, parentssattogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that例題6:OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark, parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that【練一練】一、 判斷哪些為限制性定語從句，哪些為非限制性定語從句Ourguide,whowasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.ThefingerIdippedintothecupwasnottheoneIputintomymouth.MrSmith,fromwhomIhavelearnedalot,isafamousscientist.Hesaidthathehadneverseenherbefore,whichwasnottrue.Allthatyouhavedoneisnotnecessary.二、 選擇題1.LiMing, totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD」wentwithhim2.Ilostabook,Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitle B.itstitleC. thetitleofitD.thetitleofthatTheletterisfrommysister, isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who4.IshallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.A. when;whoB.that;which C.which;thatD.when;which5.Youcandependonwhateverpromisehemakes.A. /B.whyC. whenD.whoseA.whomB.whoC.whichD.that7.ThisisoneofthebestfilmsA.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked8.Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked9.Theengineerwith myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.whoseB.whoC.whichD.whom10.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofsatasmallboyA. whom B.whoC. whichD.that三、填空題1.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant, greatlyupsetsme.2.Smoking,isabadhabit,is,however,popular.3.Great changes havetakenplacesincetheninthefactory weareworking.4.Thereasonhedidn'tcomewashewasill.5.---Didyouasktheguardhappened?Yes,hetoldmeallheknew.四、改錯題1.1can'trememberthethingsandpersonswhoImetatthattime.2.Iliveinahousewhosethe windowfacessouth.3.DoyourememberoneafternooninAmericawhereaterribleearthquaketook3.DoyourememberoneafternooninAmericawhereaterribleearthquaketookplace?Isthisparkwherehisfatherworks?Thewaywhichyoulookatproblemsiswrong.ChaplinlivedthelastyearsofhislifeinSwitzerland,wherehewasburiedtherein1977.Idon'tknowthemanwithwhomybrotheristalking.I,whoisaChinese,willdomybestforourcountry.HeistheverypersonforwhomIamlooking.ChinaDailyhasplentyofadvertisements,thathelptocutthecostsofmakingthenewspaper.【樂一樂】QWhendoyougoasfastasaracingcar?S :Whenyouareinit.QHowmanysidesdoesahousehave?S :Two-insideandoutside.QWhatroomhasnowalls,nodoors,nowindows,andnofloors?S :Amushroom.QWhatissmaller