ABriefHistoryof

EnglishLiterature1ABriefHistoryof

EnglishLD.H.Lawrence(1885-1930)2D.H.Lawrence(1885-1930)21885-1930anEnglishnovelist,poet,playwright,essayist,literarycriticandpainter31885-1930anEnglishnovelist,LawrencewasbornonSeptember11,1885,inEastwood,Nottinghamshire,centralEngland.Hewasthefourthchildofastrugglingcoalminerwhowasaheavydrinker.HismotherwasaformerLawrencewasborninVictoriaStreet,Eastwood,Nottinghamin1885

schoolteacher,greatlysuperiorineducationtohisfather.4LawrencewasbornonSepte

Lawrence’schildhoodwasdominatedbypovertyandfrictionbetweenhisparents.AfterstudiesatNottinghamUniversity,Lawrencebrieflypursuedateachingcareer.NottinghamUniversity5Lawrence’schildhoodwa

In1912hemetFrieda,ProfessorErnestWeekly’swife,andfellinlovewithher.Friedaleftherhusbandandthreechildren,andtheyelopedtoGermany.D.H.LawrenceandFrieda

6In1912hemetFrieda,Pro

Lawrence’sbestknownworkisLadyChatterly’sLover,firstpublishedprivatelyinFlorencein1928.Ittellsoftheloveaffairbetweenawealthy,marriedwoman,andamanwhoworksonherhusband’sestate.ThebookwasbannedforatimeinbothUKandtheUSaspornographic.7Lawrence’sbestknownworkD.H.Lawrencediedoftuberculosisonthe2nd.March1930,aged44,inVence,France.Atthetimeofhisdeath,hewasconsideredinBritainasapornographerwhohadwastedhisconsiderabletalents.8D.H.LawrencediedoftubLawrenceisnowvaluedbymanyasavisionarythinkerandsignificantrepresentativeofmodernisminEnglishliterature.9LawrenceisnowvaluedbymanyLawrencewasaprolificwriter-ofpoetry,novels,shortstories,plays,essays,andcriticism.HisworksareheavilyautobiographicalandtheexperiencesofhisearlyyearsinNottinghamshirecontinuedtoexertaprofoundinfluencethroughouthislife.10LawrencewasaprolificwrLiteraryFeatures1)Socialcriticism:dehumanization(喪失人性)2)Psychologicalanalysis:sexualimpulse

Lawrencegivemorestresstopsychoanalysisinhisnovels,combingskillfullywithsocialcriticism.11LiteraryFeaturesLawrencegivLiteraryFeatures1)Socialcriticism:dehumanization

Hisworksrepresentanextendedreflectionuponthedehumanizingeffectsofindustrialization.Hecondemnedtheindustrialcivilization,which,hethought,wasdestructivebothtothenatureenvironmentandtothenatureofhumanbeings.12LiteraryFeaturesHisworLiteraryFeatures2)Psychologicalanalysis:sexualimpulse

HewasthefirsttotrytorevolutionizemodernEnglishattitudetowardsexbycastingoffrestraintsofconventions.13LiteraryFeatures2)Psychologic1414

Lawrence’snovelSonsandLovers

appearedin1913andwasbasedonhischildhood.15Lawrence’snovelSonContextDavidHerbertLawrencewasbornin1885inNottinghamshire,Englandwherehisfatherwasaminer.Hisexperiencegrowingupinacoal-miningfamilyprovidedmuchoftheinspirationfor

SonsandLovers.

Lawrencehadmanyaffairswithwomeninhislife,ContextincludingalongstandingrelationshipwithJessieChambers(onwhomthecharacterofMiriamisbased),anengagementtoLouieBurrows,andaneventualelopementtoGermanywithFriedaWeekley.

SonsandLovers

waswrittenin1913,andcontainsmanyautobiographicaldetails.ManyofLawrence’snovelswereverycontroversialbecauseoftheirfranktreatmentofsex,andboth

TheRainbow

and

LadyChatterley’sLover

werebannedduringhislifetime.Thiscontroversialtreatmentofsexisevidentaswellin

SonsandLovers;Lawrence’sfearofnegativepublicopinionmayhavebeenonereasonforhisvagueuseoflanguageandtheobscuretreatmentofsexinthenovel.includingalongstandingrelatSimilaritiesSonsandLoverstheLifeofDavidHerbertLawrenceSettingBestwood,aminingtownEastwood,aminingtownCharactersFather:Mr.Morel,acoalminerFather:ArthurLawrence,acoalminerMother:GertrudeMorel,(astrong-willed,refined,middle-classgirl)Mother:LydiaBeardsallLawrence,(ex-schoolteacher)Miriam:spiritualJessieChambers:spiritualClara:physicalotherwomen:physicalOedipuscomplexPaul'sfeelingtowardhismotherLawrence'sfeelingtowardshismotherSimilaritiesSonsandLoversthThePlotIntheworkSonsandLovers,Mrs.Morelwasaneducatedwoman.However,herhusbandMr.Morelwasapoorminerwhodrankheavilyandhewasirresponsiblewhichoftenledtoterriblequarrelsinthefamily.ThelifeoftheMorelfamilyisunhappy,tenseanduneasy.PaulMorelgrewupinsuchamiserablesetting.Mrs.MoreltransfersheraffectionsfromherhusbandfirsttoWilliam,thentoPaul.

AsWilliamsuffersalotbetweenhisfeelingstowardhismotherandhisgirlfriend,hegetsseverelyillanddies.AfterWilliam’sdeath,Mrs.MorelturnsherloveandattentiontoPaul.

19ThePlotIntheworkSShestruggleswithpovertyandisdeterminedtokeepPaulfromthecoalmine.ButwhenhewasinlovewithMiriam,afarmer’sdaughter,conflictingemerged.Mrs.Morelwasafraidthatshemightlosehimsoshedidherbesttocomebetweenthem.Paulwastornbetweenthetwowomen.Finally,thetwolovershadtodivorcefromeachother.PaulstartedhavinganaffairwithClara,amarriedwomanwholivesseparatedfromherhusband.Butthisattachmentgraduallyfizzledout(失敗).Tooclearly,bothfailureswerecausedbythepossessivemother.

Itwasnotonlyuntilthemotherdiedthatthesonbegantofindforhistruelove.20ShestruggleswithpovertyanOverallSummaryThefirstpartofthenovelfocusesonMrs.Morelandherunhappymarriagetoadrinkingminer.Shehasmanyargumentswithherhusband,someofwhichhavepainfulresults:onseparateoccasions,sheislockedoutofthehouseandhitintheheadwithadrawer.Estrangedfromherhusband,Mrs.Moreltakescomfortinherfourchildren,especiallyhersons.Heroldestson,William,isherfavorite,andsheisveryupsetwhenhetakesajobinLondonandmovesawayfromthefamily.21OverallSummary21WhenWilliamsickensanddiesafewyearslater,sheiscrushed,notevennoticingtherestofherchildrenuntilshealmostlosesPaul,hersecondson,aswell.Fromthatpointon,Paulbecomesthefocusofherlife,andthetwoseemtoliveforeachother.PaulfallsinlovewithMiriamLeivers,wholivesonafarmnottoofarfromtheMorelfamily.Theycarryonaveryintimate,butpurelyplatonic,relationshipformanyyears.Mrs.MoreldoesnotapproveofMiriam,andthismaybethemainreasonthatPauldoesnotmarryher.Heconstantlywaversinhisfeelingstowardher.22WhenWilliamsickensanddiesPaulmeetsClaraDawes,asuffragettewhoisseparatedfromherhusband,throughMiriam.AshebecomescloserwithClaraandtheybegintodiscusshisrelationshipwithMiriam,shetellshimthatheshouldconsiderconsummatingtheirloveandhereturnstoMiriamtoseehowshefeels.PaulandMiriamsleeptogetherandarebrieflyhappy,butshortlyafterwardPauldecidesthathedoesnotwanttomarryMiriam,andsohebreaksoffwithher.Shestillfeelsthathissoulbelongstoher,and,inpartagreesreluctantly.Herealizesthatheloveshismothermost,however.23PaulmeetsClaraDawAfterbreakingoffhisrelationshipwithMiriam,PaulbeginstospendmoretimewithClaraandtheybeginanextremelypassionateaffair.However,shedoesnotwanttodivorceherhusbandBaxter,andsotheycanneverbemarried.Paul’smotherfallsillandhedevotesmuchofhistimetocaringforher.Whenshefinallydies,heisbroken-heartedand,afterafinalpleafromMiriam,goesoffaloneattheendofthenovel.24AfterbreakingoffhisMrs.Moreldesperateconflicts？？Mr.MorelPaulWilliamconflictsGirlfriendTwogirlfriends25Mrs.Moreldesperateconflicts？？Attheendofthenovel:Paulwalksawayfromthefieldsandtowardsthebrightcitylight–reborn!26Attheendofthenovel:PaulThemes1.PursuitoffreewillMrs.MoreltriedtofindemotionalfulfillmentthroughherbondwithPaul.Paulsoughttobreakfreeofhismotherth