四級(jí)真題詞匯串講（5）

主講老師：劉暢

新浪微博：@劉暢的南瓜地

2016年6月卷（2）選詞填空dependenta.依靠的，取決于……的（depend）design

v.設(shè)計(jì)（sign）launchv.開展；發(fā)射policyn.方針，政策（-polis-）prospect

n.前景，前途；v.前瞻，前望（-spect-）reliablea.可靠的（rely）signaln.信號(hào)（sign）treatmentn.治療，處理（treat）Signs（barring動(dòng)詞cell-phoneuse）areafamiliarsighttoanyonewho...……的人都很熟悉禁止使用手機(jī)的標(biāo)語electronicmedicalrecords電子醫(yī)療記錄;desktops臺(tái)式電腦givewaytowirelessdevices讓步于無線設(shè)備（被……所取代）asclericalloadsincreased,隨著文書工作不斷增加（clerk文員，職員）aformerchiefresidentintheUniversityofChicago'sinternal-medicineprogram芝加哥大學(xué)內(nèi)科項(xiàng)目的前總住院醫(yī)師apilotproject一個(gè)試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目（pilot飛行員；領(lǐng)航員；試點(diǎn)）havepaperless,iPad-basedcurriculums提供無紙化的、基于iPad的課程slogan標(biāo)語；口號(hào)withlargepocketstomodatetabletcomputers帶有大大的口袋以便于容納/攜帶平板電腦PassageOneAttitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines隨著年齡的增長而下降.Thatis,generally通常情況下,youngerpeopletendtooutnumber數(shù)量上超過olderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift在技術(shù)變革的前沿.Thepublicoverall整體來說isspliton在……事上有分歧...Everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged每個(gè)年齡組的人都有.Whereas雖然oldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadopt有時(shí)不愿意接受newtechnologies,driverlesscarspromiserealvalueto具有真正的價(jià)值theseagegroupsinparticular尤其.theclassicusecases典型用戶fordriverlesscarsDifferencesinattitudearemorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.與年齡無關(guān)的其他因素引起的態(tài)度不同更加顯著Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.人們居住的地域也很重要suburb城郊;ruralareas農(nóng)村

emainstream成為主流46.Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges?Itfurtherwidensthegap進(jìn)一步加大差距betweentheoldandtheyoung.Itoftenleadstoinnovations創(chuàng)新inotherrelatedfields相關(guān)領(lǐng)域.Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvance進(jìn)步ofsocietyasawhole.整個(gè)Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactions引起不同的反應(yīng)fromdifferentagegroups.47.Itmaystartarevolution革命inthecarindustry.Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations導(dǎo)致了不切實(shí)際的期望.48.Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealto對……有吸引力someoldpeople?Ithelpswiththeirmobility.幫助他們出行Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife.激發(fā)對生活的興趣50.Theseniors老年人//Theeducated//Thewealthy//Thetechfans技術(shù)迷PassageTwoInagrarian,pre-industrialEurope在工業(yè)化之前的農(nóng)業(yè)歐洲Thiscomfortablecycle在這種舒適的循環(huán)中,inwhichtherhythms節(jié)奏ofthedayhelpedshape塑造therhythmsofthemeals,gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal豐盛的午餐,eatenwiththeextendedfamily大家庭.Therewasaveryimportantinterconnection互聯(lián)betweeneatingtogetherandstrengtheningfamilyties強(qiáng)化家庭關(guān)系.Sinceindustrialization工業(yè)化,maintaining維持suchaslowculturalmetabolism新陳代謝hasbeenmuchharder,withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingto縮減為whatevercouldbestuffedinto塞進(jìn)alunchbucket午餐盒orboughtatafoodstand小吃攤.Moderntechniques現(xiàn)代工藝forproducingandshipping運(yùn)輸foodledtogreatervarietyandquantity種類和數(shù)量大大增加,includingatremendousincrease大量增加intheamountofanimalprotein蛋白anddairyproducts奶制品available,makingusmorevigorous有活力的thanourancestors祖先.TakeItaly.以意大利為例。It'snosecretthat這已不是什么秘密theMediterranean地中海dietishealthy.Theeveningmealcarriesthefullburdenthatusedtobespreadovertwomeals.現(xiàn)在的晚餐抵原來兩頓飯的作用51.Theirdailyroutinefollowedtherhythmofthenaturalcycle.他們的日常作息遵循自然循環(huán)的節(jié)奏54.Itsqualityisusuallyguaranteed保證.Itisvaried,abundantandnutritious多樣、豐富、有營養(yǎng).2016年6月卷（3）選詞填空abandoned：a.被遺棄的，被拋棄的biased：a.有偏見的commitment：n.承諾；（對某一組織、活動(dòng)等的）忠誠dampen：v.抑制；使沮喪（damp潮濕的；沮喪的）distant：a.遙遠(yuǎn)的frequent：a.頻繁的fulfillment：n.履行；實(shí)行g(shù)rant：v.授予；允許；同意understandably：adv.可以理解地unrealistically：adv.不切實(shí)際地Contrarytopopularbelief,和普遍觀點(diǎn)相反gotonursinghomes去養(yǎng)老院Peoplewhoaremostinvolvedwiththeirfamilieshavethelowestspirits.那些和家人關(guān)系最緊密的人卻有著最差的精神狀態(tài)。Increasingly,researchershavebeguntolookatthequalityofrelationships,ratherthanatthefrequencyofcontact,betweentheelderlyandtheirchildren.研究者們開始更多關(guān)注年邁父母和子女之間關(guān)系的質(zhì)量，而不是聯(lián)系的頻度。disapproveofhowsheisraisingtheirgrandchildren不贊成她撫養(yǎng)孩子的方式PassageOneButcertainaspectsofbrainfunction大腦功能actuallybegintheirdecline衰退inyoungadulthood在成年初期,anewstudysuggests表明.Certainmentalfunctions-includingmeasuresofabstractreasoning抽象推理的方法,mentalspeed腦力速度andpuzzle-solving解謎-startedtodull變得無光澤（衰退）asearlyasage27.Dips（輕度或暫時(shí)的減少）inmemory,meanwhile,generallybecameapparent明顯的aroundage37.Indicators指標(biāo)ofaperson'saccumulated累積的knowledgekeptimprovingwithage.mentalflexibility腦力靈活性theeffectivenessofintegrating整合itwithone'sabilitiestakestandardtestsofmemory,reasoningandperception認(rèn)知

attheoutset最初，一開始Thefindingsshedlighton闡述闡明normalage-relatedchangesinmentalfunction.Wegaininsightin理解cognitionchanges.46.Itvaries變化frompersontoperson.（因人而異）Itgraduallyexpands擴(kuò)大withage.（隨著年齡而發(fā)展）47.Somediseasesinevitably不可避免地leadtotheirdecline.Theyreachapeak巔峰attheageof20formostpeople.Theyarecloselyrelatedto與……緊密相關(guān)physicalandmentalexercise.50.findwaystoboost提升ourmemoriesPassageTwokindergarten幼兒園K-12：K12或K-12，是kindergartenthroughtwelfthgrade的簡寫，是指從幼兒園（Kindergarten，通常5-6歲）到十二年級(jí)（grade12，通常17-18歲），這兩個(gè)年級(jí)是美國、澳大利亞及EnglishCanada的免費(fèi)教育頭尾的兩個(gè)年紀(jì)，此外也可用作對基礎(chǔ)教育階段的通稱。Theconcepthasmultipleforms多種形式,andscholarsandpolicymakers政策制定者argueabouttheshape,scopeandcost形式、范圍及成本oftheidealprogram理想方案.Thefederal聯(lián)邦（政府的）HeadStartprogram,launched啟動(dòng)50yearsago,hasserved服務(wù)morethan30millionchildren.thelegendarypioneer傳奇先鋒人物inearlychildhoodeducationresearch兒童早教Thishighlights突出

qualityissues質(zhì)量問題inelementaryschools小學(xué)Pre-Kiscontroversial引起爭議的.Somecritics批評家sayitisaluxury奢侈.Pre-Kadvocates倡導(dǎo)者insistitisproven久經(jīng)考驗(yàn)的andwillsucceedifintegratedwith與……相結(jié)合therestofthechild'sschooling.Ileantowardthelatterview.我偏向于后一種觀點(diǎn)takeoffice就職Shewasthefirstcandidatetospeakoutfor為……發(fā)聲strongpre-Kprogramming.Theweightoftheevidenceisonthesideof更多的證據(jù)傾向于pre-Kthatearlyinterventionworks早期干預(yù)是有效的.Whatgovernmenthasnotyetfoundisthepoliticalwill政治決心toputthatunderstandingintofullpractive將想法付諸實(shí)踐withasequenceof一系列smartschooling.Manydonotatthiscriticaltime在這一關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻whenyoungbrainsaredevelopingrapidly.51.Itshouldcaterto迎合theneedsofindividualchildren.Itisessential必要的toaperson'sfuture