Huang,PaoshanAnintroductiontothefeaturesofChineseclassicalliteratureTheHistoryofanIdeaofLiteratureAncientidea:文

wén：Signifyingboth“l(fā)iterature”and“civilization”學(xué)

Xué：study;research;learning文學(xué)

Wénxué：

ThelearningandresearchonallhistoricalmaterialsofcorpusLiteraryPositionofAncientCivilization1.Inseparablefromhistoryandpolitics

e.g.

shī

jīng《詩(shī)經(jīng)》chūn

qiū

《春秋》2.TheinfluenceofConfucianism

TheMastersaid,“ThePoemsarethreehundred,yetonephrasecoversthem:‘nostraying.’”AnalectsⅡ.23.VernacularandClassical

colloquialandliteraryTraditionalChineseIntellectuals1.Zǐ

xià

(子夏)said,“Ifexcelinpublicofficethenmovetolearning.Excelinlearningthenmovetoassumepublicoffice.”(仕而優(yōu)則學(xué)，學(xué)而優(yōu)則仕)AnalectsⅩⅢ.132.Tendtogetintobureaucracy-imperialcivilserviceexam(科舉制度)3.The

purityofclassicalChinese-wasduetothestrictproscriptionofelementsofthespokenlanguagefromtheexaminations.

TheGreatGenresofClassicalLiterary1.Prose:

The8literatioftáng

sòng

dynasty唐宋八大家2.Poetry:

Almostincludetheeducatedelite.3.Novelandtheater:

popularandvernacular:thepopulargenresoffiction,drama,andprosefictionwerenotfullyacceptedastrueliteratureuntilthelastcentury.

TheCommonFaithofIntellectualsAgentlemanwilldieforhisconfidant

Alwayssolitaryanddesolatee.g.qū

yuán“l(fā)í

sāo”屈原《離騷》,

ru?n

jí阮籍“SongsofmyCares”《詠懷詩(shī)》,“NineteenOldPoems”《古詩(shī)十九首》,

táo

qián陶潛“AnAccountofPeachBlossomSpring”〈桃花源記〉,

lǐ

bái李白“BringIntheWine”〈將進(jìn)酒〉…

ClassicofPoetry“PlumsareFalling”Plumsarefalling,sevenarethefruits;Manymenwantme,letmehaveafineone.Plumsarefalling,threearethefruits;Manymenwantme,letmehaveasteadyone.

Plumsarefalling,catchtheminthebasket;Manymenwantme,letmebebrideofone.“NineteenOldPoems”ΙKeepongoing,onandon,partedfromyouwhilealive.Tenthousandmilesapartandmore,eachofusatacornerofsky.Theroadbetweenisblockedandlong,willweevermeetfacetofaceagain?ATurkishhorseleanstothenorthwind,aYuebirdnestsinthesouthernmostbough.Everydaywegrowfartherapart,everydaymysashhangslooser.Driftingcloudsblockthebrightsun,andthetravelerdoesnotlooktor