閱讀基本技能的訓(xùn)練(A)句子的合理運(yùn)用達(dá)高中一顏波掃讀問題句子的關(guān)鍵詞,帶著問題閱讀文章。Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?掃讀文章句子的關(guān)鍵詞—(-時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，人物，事件)。目的，改變逐詞閱讀的習(xí)慣，學(xué)習(xí)快速把握句子主旨大意的方法。掃讀的基本技能簡(jiǎn)單，就是快速識(shí)別并讀懂句中的關(guān)鍵詞，也就是在閱讀的時(shí)候?qū)⒆⒁饬Ψ旁诿總€(gè)句子的關(guān)鍵詞上，而忽略那些非關(guān)鍵詞。以下是一個(gè)句子的三個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞［Language,give,view你能夠想象是一個(gè)怎樣的句子?原句是;Thisnewlanguagecangiveyouanewviewoflife.關(guān)鍵詞;Ann,finished,homework,yesterday.原句;Annfinishedherhomeworkwiththehelpofherbrotheryesterday.查詢段落的主題句——段首或段末。段落的主題句，他可以告訴我們段落的大概，讓我們迅速地了解段落的大意，而其余句子則是關(guān)于一些細(xì)節(jié)的描寫。主題句通常出現(xiàn)在段落的第一句或最后一句，偶爾在中間或需要總結(jié)概括。Bycomparingyourselftootherpeople,youwillfindyourproblemsarenotsoterrible.ThinkaboutStephenHawking,whodiedon15thMarch,in2018.forexample,averycleverscientist,whoregardshismanyphysicalproblemsasunimportant.Hecannotwalkorevenspeak,buthehasbecomeveryfamousandsuccessful.Weareprobablyquitehealthyandsmart.let'snotworryaboutourproblems.Let'sfacethechallengesinstead.(九年級(jí)P9)4?探尋文章的主題句一一文章開頭或結(jié)尾。文章的主題句是文章要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)和看法，及文章的中心思想，它一般出現(xiàn)在文章的第一段或最后一段。一般采取的是總 分---總或歸納法。5.查讀 跳讀是指通過跳躍式的閱讀迅速判斷出與文章主題相關(guān)信息及特定細(xì)節(jié)和具體事實(shí)所在部分的能力。目的；訓(xùn)練學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)閱讀文章的大小標(biāo)題，劃線部分，斜體或黑體字，并判斷出文章的組織機(jī)構(gòu)，不同的體裁，知道哪一類信息可能在哪部分或段落中。大標(biāo)題能夠說明文章的體裁或濃縮文章的主旨。小標(biāo)題能夠給與我們某一問題所查的范圍。劃線部分，斜體或黑體字等說明特別強(qiáng)調(diào)。記敘類則需要特別關(guān)注5個(gè)W(what,when,who,which,where)和一個(gè)H(how).說明建議類,通常需要關(guān)注措施與方法有關(guān)的詞匯等(first,second,then,atlast,6.猜測(cè)詞義.是指在閱讀過程中根據(jù)對(duì)語(yǔ)篇的信息,邏輯,背景知識(shí)及語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)等的綜合理解或推斷某一生詞或關(guān)鍵詞的含義,該詞一般是超綱詞匯或一詞多義的單詞在文章中的理解.A.利用定義猜測(cè).請(qǐng)看以下一段文字,完成下面問題.penguinsliveonlandforabouthalftheirlives.Penguinscomeonlandfortworeasons:toraisefamiliesandtomolt.Moltingiswhenpenguinsgiveupoldfeathersandgrownewones.AllofAntarcticiscoveredinoldpenguinfeathers.Penguinscannotswiminthecoldseawithoutafullsetofwaterprooffeatherstokeepthemwarm.Ittakesthemtwotofourweekstogrowanewcoatoffeathers.()Whatdoestheword“molt”mean?A.Birdsoranimalshavebabies.B.Birdsoranimalsmovethroughtheice.C.Birdsoranimalslookforfood.D.Birdsoranimalslosehairoroldfeathers.B.利用同義詞或反義詞猜測(cè).請(qǐng)看一下一段文字,完成下面問題.Pakistanhas121,000milesofroads.Busservicesandminibusesareavailabletothepublic.Thetrainisstillthemostcommontransportoflong-distancetravelforPakistanis.Pakistanalsohasanairlinethatoperatesdomesticandinternationalflights.( )TheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“domestic”inParagraph2maybe“ ”A.家庭的B.國(guó)際的C.馴養(yǎng)的D.國(guó)內(nèi)的利用文章的舉例猜測(cè).常用forexample,forinstance,suchas等.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.()Whatdoestheunderlinedword“appliances”meaninChinese?A.家具B.電器用具 C.洗浴用品D.化妝品利用文章中的說明詞義的同位語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)猜測(cè).Toimprovepeople'slives,DaZhouisplantingmoreandmoretrees,thecityisevencreatinggreenerbuildingsthatuselesswaterandlesselectricityforpower.()Whatdoestheunderlinedword“greener”mean?A.Taller.B.Easier.C.Morebrightlycolored.D.Betterfortheenvironment.利用上下文邏輯關(guān)系猜測(cè).請(qǐng)看一下一段文字,完成下面問題.Forexample,imagineyouareacookandmustservedinnerto100guests.Howshouldyoudivideyourresourcessothatyoucangetthejobdonemostefficiently?insituationslikethis,theabilitytothinklogicallywillgetyoutoareasonableanswerandsolveyourproblem.( )Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resources”meaninthepassage?A.科目B.資源C.效 .信息閱讀基本技能的訓(xùn)練(B)詞的正確辨析1?問題句子的關(guān)鍵詞。articlepassageparagraphphrasesentencewordunderlinedaccordingfollowingmentionmainlymainmeanmeaningstatementtitleopiniontruewrongrightfalse.合成詞downstairsupstairschatlineonlinerestroomsupermarketsunglassesunderwaterundergroundboyfriendsgirlfriendsbedroomclassroomliving-roomwashroom派生詞的正確含義及詞性判斷possible—possibly, simple—simply, gentle—gently,different—difference—differently, confident—confidence, difficult—difficulty,taste—tasty, tour—tourist—touristy, day—daily, die—dead—death—dying,secret—secretary,safe—safety,easy—easily,angry—angrily,heavy—heavily,free—freedom,true—truth,sleep—sleepy—asleep,wake—awake,wood—wooden,wool—woolen,quick—quickly,real—really,usual—usually,一詞多義rightlightstudyorderleftwronglaterlatestheavy5?加ed構(gòu)成的形容詞crowdedpollutedorganizedembarrassedworriedsurprisedrelaxedfrustratedinterestedexcited容易混淆詞planplantplaneplanet,whetherweather,formfrom，noisenose，thoughtthoughthrough，rightlightflightfight，sightsign，monthmouth，funfan，expectexcept，moonnoon，seenseem，snakesnack，fellfeel，explaincomplain，skillkill，passagepassengermessage，boughtbrought，litterlittle，nativenature，chancechange，solutionresolution，cinemacamera，tillstill，instructioninstrument，feedfeet，wholeholehold，weakweekwake，heatheartheard，worseworst，teamterm，bellbelt，commentcommon，foxfax，特殊動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)或過去分詞正確判斷wrotewonworewornwrittenthrewthrownflewgrewknewgrownknownkeptheldheardthoughttoldtaughtswamsweptstoodtookspentsleptsatsangsoldsawranrodepaidmetmeantlostledwentgonegaveforgotfoundfoughtfeltfedfellatedrovedrankdrewdonegonecamecaughtboughtbroughtbrokebeenseenmetpaidriddenwrittentakenspokensungsaidrungmadehadgottenfalleneatendrivendrunkbroken前綴關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義詞性。dis dislike,dishonest,disagreement,disbelieve disobey,un unlike,unfriendly,unpleasant,unable,unfair,unfamiliar,unhappy,unimportant—ir---irregular后綴關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義詞性。A?表示人的名詞 or,translate-translator,visit-visitor,collector,inventor,calculator,creator, er,write-writer,sing-singer,teach-teacher,cleaner,worker,dreamer,owner,waiterreporter,learner-- ist,art--artist,tour--tourist,psychology--psychologist,science--scientist,violinist,B?表示事物的名詞 tion,act--action,organize—organization,donate--donation,educate--education,pollute--pollution,suggest--suggestion,collect--collection,attract--attraction,predict