狀語(yǔ)從句1、本講內(nèi)容：學(xué)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句。2、學(xué)習(xí)要求：（1）掌握狀語(yǔ)從句的種類。（2）學(xué)會(huì)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。3、學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：（1）本講重點(diǎn)：狀語(yǔ)從句的種類。（2）本講難點(diǎn)：從屬連詞之間的區(qū)別。整理ppt4、典型例題解析：狀語(yǔ)從句在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞，按意義可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句。從句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首時(shí)，從句后面常用一個(gè)逗號(hào)，放在句末時(shí)，從句前一般不用逗號(hào)。整理ppt1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas,once…等引導(dǎo)。如：整理ppt

Whenhewasstillayoungman,hewasforcedtoleavehishomelandforpoliticalreasons.Ithasbeen15yearssinceheleft.I’lltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.

Onceyouhavegotusedtoit,youwilllikeit.Iwaitedtillhehadfinishedhiswork.整理ppt注意：（1）when,as,whilewhen即可引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，又可引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作。它可以表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。如：整理pptWhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.（同時(shí)）

Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.（從句動(dòng)作在前）整理pptas引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，側(cè)重主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Isawyoursisterasshewasgettingonthebusyesterday.Hesangashewalked.整理pptWhile：指的是“在某一時(shí)間里”，“在…期間”，從句里的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的，它也強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句動(dòng)作的同時(shí)發(fā)生，往往側(cè)重主句和從句動(dòng)作的對(duì)比。整理ppt如：

WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.

WhilewewerewatchingTV,hewaswritingacomposition.整理pptwhile也可做并列連詞，表示對(duì)照的意思。如：Heistallwhilehisbrotherisshort.當(dāng)when,as,while表示“在…一段時(shí)間里”，主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，可以換用。如：

While(When或As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.整理ppt（2）如果when和before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時(shí)不能譯成“當(dāng)…時(shí)候”和“在…之前”，而要譯成“就”、“才”、“這時(shí)”等。如：ThestrugglelastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwonintheend.整理pptHealmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.Shehadnotbeenmarriedmanyweekswhenthemansawherandwasstruckbyherbeauty.IwaswalkinginthestreetwhenIsawhim.整理ppt(3)bythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作為連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：

Bythetimehewasfourteen,hehadtaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.整理ppt

Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.Youmustshowhiminimmediatelyhecomes.IrecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.整理ppt(4)till和until①如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到…為止”。如：Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.整理ppt②如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞，則用否定式的主句表示“直到…才”。如：Ididn’tgotobeduntil(till)hecameback.整理ppt③放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)一般用until。如：Untilhereturns,nothingcanbedone.整理ppt(5)、Since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句從句通常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)而主句通常用完成時(shí)態(tài)或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)SinceIleftschool,Ihaveonlyseenhimonce.

IthasbeenrainingeversinceIlostmyjob.

“It…since…”句型中，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。It’seightyearssincehegotmarried.他結(jié)婚八年了。整理ppt(6)、assoonas,hardly---when,nosooner---than,themoment等表示“一---就---”Assoonashecamehome,itbegantorain.Themomenthecamehome,---Hehad

hardly

comehomewhenitbegantorainHardly

hadhecomehomewhenitbegantorain.No

sooner

hadhecomehomethan---整理ppt（7）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用任何一種將來(lái)時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。整理ppt2、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：通常由連詞where和wherever引導(dǎo)。如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.

Whereveryougo,youmustwritetoyourparents.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Wherethereistoomuch,thepoisonandwastemaydogreatharmtothethingsaroundus.整理ppt3、原因狀語(yǔ)從句：通常由連詞：because,as,since,nowthat引導(dǎo)。區(qū)別是:because：表示“因?yàn)椤?，直接而明確的原因和理由，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，why提問(wèn)的句子，一般都用because回答。Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.整理pptsince：表示“既然”，語(yǔ)氣比because弱。Sinceyouarehere,youmustdoit.as：表示“因?yàn)椤闭Z(yǔ)氣比because輕，引導(dǎo)從句可放主句前也可放主句后。Youneedn’tgowithme,asyouarebusy.AsIwasafraid,Ihidmyself.整理pptnowthat意思與since相似，表示“既然”。

NowthatyouareinHighSchool,youwillprobablyspendmoreinreading.

Nowthatalltheguestshavearrived,let’shaveourdinner.整理ppt注意：①在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，不可用as或since，如：Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.整理ppt②because可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,而as,since不可以，這時(shí)狀語(yǔ)一般都是it,this,thatIt’sbecauseheistoolazy.整理ppt③for也表示“因?yàn)椤?，但是并列連詞，它連接的不是狀語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng)。Itmustbemorning,forthebirdsaresinging.整理ppt4、目的狀語(yǔ)從句：通常由that,sothat,inorderthat,so…that,lest,incase（以防、免得）等引導(dǎo)：Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus.Shemarriedhimsothatshemighttendandcomforthim.Iexplainedagainandagainincaseheshouldmisunderstandme.整理pptlest(以免，免得),forfearthatIhidthebooklest(=forfearthat)heshouldseeit.※目的狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常含有may(might),can(could)should,will等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。整理ppt5、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：由that,sothat,so…that,such…that引導(dǎo)：Itwasverycold,sothattheriverfroze.Thebookissowrittenthatitgivesaquitewrongideaofthefacts.Thereweresomanypeople(=suchalotofpeople)intheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.

Hemadesuchanexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.整理ppt6、條件狀語(yǔ)從句:由if,unless,aslongas(=solongas)(只要),incase(that)(如果，萬(wàn)一)等引導(dǎo)：

Ifplasticsandrubberareburned,theygiveoffpoisonousgases.整理pptUnlessyouworkhard,youwillfail,Youcangoout,aslongas(solongas)youpromisetobebackbeforeeleven.整理pptIncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutthat.注意：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不可用將來(lái)時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。整理ppt7、方式狀語(yǔ)從句：由連詞：as,asif,asthough引導(dǎo)：Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.Leaveitasitis.Heheardanoise,asifsomeonewasbreathing.Isawthemanlookingabouthimasifhewishedtoimpressuponhismindeverything.整理pptasif和asthough意義和用法大致一樣，引導(dǎo)的從句多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.Hewalkedasifheweredrunk.

整理ppt8、比較狀語(yǔ)從句：由連詞as…as,notso(as)…as,than等引導(dǎo)：Ihopeitwasasgoodastheoneyoulentme.Actuallytheoceanfloorarealmostasirregularastheexposedlandarea.整理pptNoonecanbemorefitforhisofficethanheis.Hecan’trunsofastasshe.整理ppt注意：“the+比較級(jí)(接從句)，the+比較級(jí)(接主句)，這一句型也歸在比較狀語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)。如：

Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.

Theharderwework,thehappierwefeel.整理ppt9、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：由though,although,as(雖然盡管),evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引導(dǎo).整理pptwhateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhoweverwh-ever整理pptnomatterwhonomatterwhatnomatterwhichnomatterwhennomatterwherenomatterhownomatterwh-整理ppt

Thoughheisold,yetheisactive.

Althoughmostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccepted.

Proudasthenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.Wewouldn’tloseheartevenifweshouldfailtentimes.整理pptWhenever(=nomatterwhen)youcallonme,youarealwayswelcome.Wherever(nomatterwhere)youwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.Taketheoneyoulikebest,whichever(nomatterwhich)itis.整理pptNomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthinksI’mwrong.Whetherhecomesornot,we’lldiscusstheproblemthisafternoon.整理ppt注意：（1）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有時(shí)還可以插在主句中間，前置時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句內(nèi)容，后置時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)從句內(nèi)容。整理ppt（2）though與although同義，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語(yǔ)化；后者較正式，多放于句首，不能與but連用，但可以與yet,still等連用，用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。Though(Although)hewastired,yet(still)hewentonworking.整理ppt（3）as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)從句部分語(yǔ)序要部分倒裝。如：Youngasheis,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguage.（表語(yǔ)提前）整理ppt

Childashewas,hehadtosupportthefamily.（表語(yǔ)名詞提前并常省去冠詞）

Surroundedaswewerebytheenemy,wemanagedtomarchforward.（表語(yǔ)名詞提前并常省去冠詞）整理ppt狀語(yǔ)從句的“簡(jiǎn)化”現(xiàn)象

一、當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是it,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be時(shí),it和be要完全簡(jiǎn)化掉。If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.Youmustattendtheclassunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.二、當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí),從句可以將主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞簡(jiǎn)化掉。

整理ppt1.連詞+形容詞

As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtoride