農(nóng)安縣高中基礎(chǔ)年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高一英語(yǔ)試題本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）,共150分,共8頁(yè)。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanplanningtodothissummer?ATravel.B.WorkinEurope.C.Attendasummercamp.2.Whichdoesthemanprobablyprefer?A.Seriousmovies.B.Funnymovies.C.Horrible（恐怖）movies.3.Whatdoesthewomanneed?A.Somemeat.B.Somecandies.C.Somevegetables.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Atamovietheater.5.Whatdoesthemanwantmost?ATomeetthewoman’sbrother.B.Towatchafootballgame.C.Tolearnsomethingnew.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Sheoftenquarrels（爭(zhēng)吵）withhermother.B.Hermathscoreislow.C.Shedoesn’tplayenoughsports.7.Wheredothespeakersprobablygotostudynow?A.Aseniorhighschool.B.Alocalcollege.C.Amiddleschool.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhomightMarkbe?A.Theman’sfather.B.Thewoman’shusband.C.Theman’sbrother.9.What’sthethemeoftheparty?A.Birthday.B.Wedding.C.Graduation.10.Whatdidthespeakersdolastyear?A.Theywentfishing.B.Theywentcamping.C.Theywenthiking.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howmanycountrieshasthemanprobablyvisitedintotal?A.About6.B.About10.C.About16.12.WhatissurprisingtothewomanaboutIceland’sweather?A.Itwasveryhotthere.B.Itwasnotverycoldthere.C.Itwasverygreenthere.13.Whatdidthemanlearnfromhistravels?A.Manycultureshavesomethinginmon.B.Mostculturesdon’tcareaboutothercountries.C.Allcultureshavetheirproblems.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whoisprobablytheoldest?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Theman’sbrother.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutcollegelife?A.Itgetsbettereveryday.B.Itismuchharderthanhighschool.C.Hemisseshismother’scooking.16.Whathaschangedrecentlyfortheman?A.Hecooksalotmoreoften.B.Heeatshealthierfoodnow.C.Hehasmorefreedomnow.17.Whatisthewomanconcernedabout?A.Whetherthemancangetagoodjob.[來(lái)B.Whetherthemanmisseshighschoolfriends.C.Howmuchtimethemanspendsstudying.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whowillhelppeopleapplytotheprogram?A.Dietexperts.B.Fitnessexperts.C.Thespeaker.19.Whattypeofexerciseismentioned?（談到）A.Swimming.B.Hiking.C.Playingbasketball.20.Wherewouldthistalkmostlikelybefound?A.Ontheradio.B.OnTV.C.Inthenewspaper.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)?！続】TraditionalMarriageCeremoniesBelgiumThegroom（新郎）estothebride’s（新娘）houseandgivesherflowers.Theygotothechurchandthemanisinsidewhenthebride’sfatherbringshertoherfuturehusband.Whentheyeout,thefamilythrowsriceonthem.GermanySomedaysbeforethewedding,friendsandrelativesbringoldporcelain(瓷器)andkitchenwaretothrowonthegroundinfrontofthebrideandgroom.Thisissupposedtograntthemahappy,luckylife;that’swhythiseveningeventiscalledPolterabend—theeveningwithlotsofbrokenporcelain.ThePolterabendoftendevelopsintoaninformalandcasualparty.ElSalvadorWhenaweddingiscelebrated,theweddingceremonyservicestartswithoutthebride.Thegroomandallthepeoplewhohavebeeninvitedtotheceremonyarewaitingforherduringtheservice.Agroupofsevenmengoestothebride’shome.Thebrideandherfamilyarewaitingforsevenwhitecarswhichacpanythebride’scaruntiltheyarriveatthechurch.JapanThecoupledrinksJapanesericewineinfrontofapriest(牧師).First,thebridedrinksthewinefromasmallcup.Next,thebridepassesthecuptothegroomandhealsodrinksthewinefromthecup.Theydrinkthreetimes.Thismeansthattheymakeamitmenttoloveeachotherforever.TurkeyWhenagirlgetsmarried,allherfemalefriendswritetheirnamesinsideherbridalshoes.Aftertheweddingceremony,ifsomeone’snamehasbeenrubbedoffandcan’tbereadanymore,itmeansthispersonisgoingtogetmarriednext.1.WhydopeoplethrowporcelainbeforetheweddingceremonyinGermany?A.Toenjoyacasualparty. B.Torespecttheguestspresent.C.Towishthecouplegoodluck. D.Tostarttheweddingparty.2.Inwhichcountrydoestheweddingceremonystartwhilethebrideisn’tthere?A.Belgium. B.Germany. C.ElSalvador. D.Turkey.3.WhatceremonyimpliesthenewJapanesecouple’spromiseofalifelonglove?A.Drinkingwinethreetimes. B.Throwingricetotheirguests.C.Writingtheirnamesintheshoes. D.Goingtothechurchfirstwithapriest.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)國(guó)家的婚禮習(xí)俗。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Germany下面的“Somedaysbeforethewedding,friendsandrelativesbringoldporcelain(瓷器)andkitchenwaretothrowonthegroundinfrontofthebrideandgroom.Thisissupposedtograntthenahappy,Luckylife”可知，在婚禮前幾大，親朋好友會(huì)把舊瓷器和廚具扔在新郎和新娘面前的地上，這是為了祝福他們有一個(gè)幸福、幸運(yùn)的生活。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ElSalvador下面的“Whenaweddingiscelebrated,theweddingceremonyservicestartswithoutthebride.”可知，在薩爾瓦多，當(dāng)舉行婚禮時(shí)，婚禮儀式是在新娘不在場(chǎng)的情況下開始的。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Japan下面的“First,thebridedrinksthewinefromasmallcup.Next,thebridepassesthecuptothegroomandhealsodrinksthewinefromthecup.Theydrinkthreetimes.Thismeansthattheymakeamitmenttoloveeachotherforever.”可知，新婚夫婦在牧師面前喝日本米酒。新娘先喝，然后新郎喝，一共喝三杯。這意味著他們承諾永遠(yuǎn)相愛。故選A項(xiàng)?！綛】My83yearoldmothercametolivewithmeayearagolastNovember.ShewasveryillandIhadtoputmylifeonholdtocareforher.Eachmorning,Igotherupanddressedherandmadeherbreakfastandsatwithher.Irushedforabowlwhenshefeltsick,andlitfirestokeepherwarm.Icookedandpersuadedhertotakeafewbites.It’sahardjobcaringforasickordyingparent,whoeveryouare.Butitwasespeciallyhardforme,Ifeel,becauseIamadoctormyself.Icouldn’thelplookingatherintwodifferentways.Themedicalprofessionalsawabodyandscrutinizeditwiththecoldnessthatmedicinerequires.Butthedaughtersawthewomanwhohadgivenbirthtome,wipedmynose,sentmeofftocollegeandhadbeenaconstantpresenceinmylifeforoverhalfacentury.Also,mymotherdidn’tappreciatehowharditwasformetocareforher.Irememberanexchangebetweenherandthenursewhocametoseeheronceaweek:“Youcouldgetsomemorehelpwithcare.”“Oh,Idon’tthinkIneedthat,”Momsaid.Momdidn’tunderstandthatthehelpwouldhavetakensomeoftheburdenoffme.Noneofthetreatmentsherdoctorsgaveherworked,andfinallyherlifebecameaboutfort.Sherefusedpainkillers(止痛藥)foralongtime,butfinallythepainconvincedher.Andwhensheacceptedthepainkillerssheacceptedthefactthatshewoulddie.IllnessandneedstookusacrosspersonalboundariesI’dneverbeforeconsidered.Andyet,whilelivingandbeinganddyingwithMomIwitnessedsomethingpreciousdawning.Webecamecloser.Wesharedsomanystoriesfromourpastthatitwasasifourmemorieshadbeeone.Inthepastourrelationshiphadbeendifficult.Wehadoftenargued.Butwhentheendcame,bothofussimplyacceptedthatwelookedattheworldindifferentways.Weweredaughterandmotherandwelovedeachother.Thatwasallthatmattered.4.Whywastakingcareofhermomespeciallyhardfortheauthor?A.Shewastoobusylivingherownlife.B.Sheandhermomhadadifficultrelationship.C.Shewastoooldtoattendtohermomcarefully.D.Sheviewedhermombothasapatientandalovedone.5.Theunderlinedword“scrutinized”inParagraph3probablymeans“_______”.A.held B.checkedC.ignored D.left6.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelabouttheconversationbetweenhermomandthenurse?A.Helpful. B.Thankful.C.Surprised. D.Depressed.7.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheexperienceoflookingafterhersickmother?A.Loveismoreimportantthandifferences.B.Beingalivewasthemostimportantthing.C.Weshouldlearntounderstandotherpeople.D.Itwasbetterforfamilymemberstoliveindependentlyofeachother.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己照顧病重的母親，雖然過(guò)程很辛苦，但也感謝這段時(shí)間讓自己和母親更親密。在文章最后，作者說(shuō)愛比差異更重要。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段It’sahardjobcaringforasickordyingparent,whoeveryouare.Butitwasespeciallyhardforme,Ifeel,becauseIamadoctormyself.Icouldn’thelplookingatherintwodifferentways.可知，不管你是誰(shuí)，照顧生病或奄奄一息的父母都是件很難的工作。但我感覺，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)特別難，因?yàn)槲易约菏轻t(yī)生。我忍不住用兩種不同的眼光看著她。因此，對(duì)作者而言，照顧媽媽特別難是因?yàn)閶寢尲仁遣∪擞质亲约簮鄣娜?。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下劃線前面的Themedicalprofessionalsawabody可知，醫(yī)務(wù)人員看著一個(gè)身體；根據(jù)下劃線后面withthecoldnessthatmedicinerequires可知，用藥物所需要的冷靜。結(jié)合這些內(nèi)容，可以推測(cè)出下劃線的單詞scrutinized意為“檢查”（check），即醫(yī)務(wù)人員會(huì)冷靜地檢查任何病人的身體。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段mymotherdidn’tappreciatehowharditwasformetocareforher.(我媽媽并不知道，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)我照顧她有多難)及第五段Momdidn’tunderstandthatthehelpwouldhavetakensomeoftheburdenoffme.(媽媽不理解，這個(gè)幫助會(huì)減輕我的負(fù)擔(dān))可以推測(cè)出，媽媽拒絕了護(hù)士給她用止疼藥，作者聽到媽媽和護(hù)士的對(duì)話后，感到沮情緒低落（depressed）。故選D。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Inthepastourrelationshiphadbeendifficult.Wehadoftenargued.Butwhentheendcame,bothofussimplyacceptedthatwelookedattheworldindifferentways.Weweredaughterandmotherandwelovedeachother.Thatwasallthatmattered.可知，在過(guò)去，我們的關(guān)系一直很難。我們經(jīng)常爭(zhēng)吵。但是，當(dāng)死亡來(lái)臨時(shí)，我們都接受了我們?cè)谟貌煌姆绞娇词澜纭Ｎ覀兪悄概?，而且我們愛著彼此，而這是最重要的。由此可知，愛比差異更重要。故選A?！綜】Arainforestisanareacoveredbytalltreeswiththetotalhighrainfallspreading（擴(kuò)大）quiteequallythroughtheyearandthetemperaturerarelyfallingbelow16°C.Rainforestshaveagreatinfluenceontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimate.Withouttheforestcover,theseareaswouldreflect（反射）moreheatintotheatmosphere,warmingtherestoftheworld.Losingtherainforestsmayalsoinfluencewindandrainfallpatterns，potentially（潛在地）causingcertainnaturaldisastersallovertheworld.Inthepasthundredyears,humanshavebegundestroyingrainforestsinsearchofthreemajorresources：landforcrops,woodforpaperandotherproducts,landforraisingfarmanimals.Thisactionaffectstheenvironmentasawhole.Forexample,alotofcarbondioxideintheairesfromburningtherainforests.Peopleobviouslyhaveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.Therearetwomainreasonsforthis.Firstly,whenpeoplecutdowntrees,generallytheycanonlyusethelandforayearortwo.Secondly,cuttinglargesectionsofrainforestsmayprovideagoodsupplyofwoodrightnow,butinthelongrunitactuallyreducestheworld’swoodsupply.Rainforestsareoftencalledtheworld'sdrugstore.Morethan25%ofthemedicinesweusetodayefromplantsinrainforests.However,fewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheirmedicalvalue.Itisextremelylikelythatourbestchancetocurediseasesliessomewhereintheworld’sshrinking（減少）rainforests.8.Rainforestscanhelptoadjusttheclimatebecausethey______.A.reflectmoreheatintotheatmosphereB.bringabouthighrainfallthroughouttheworldC.rarelycausethetemperaturetodroplowerthan16°CD.absorb（吸收）theheatfromthesunreducingtheeffectofheatfromthesunontheearth9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Wewilllosemuchmorethanwecangain. B.Humanshavebegundestroyingrainforests.C.Peoplehaveastrongdesireforresources. D.Muchcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）esfromburningrainforests.10.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.wecangetenoughresourceswithoutrainforestsB.thereisgreatmedicinepotentialinrainforestsC.wewillgrowfewerkindsofcropsinthegainedlandD.thelevelofannualrainfallaffectswindpatterns11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoSaveRainforests? B.HowtoProtectNature?C.RainforestsandtheEnvironment. D.RainforestsandMedicalDevelopment.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了熱帶雨林在人們生活中的重要作用，我們要保護(hù)熱帶雨林，不要過(guò)度開墾砍伐?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Rainforestshaveagreatinfluenceontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimate.（熱帶雨林對(duì)世界環(huán)境有很大的影響，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢晕仗?yáng)的熱量并調(diào)節(jié)氣候。）”以及文章第二段“Withouttheforestcover,theseareaswouldreflect（反射）moreheatintotheatmosphere,warmingtherestoftheworld.（如果沒有森林覆蓋，這些地區(qū)將把更多的熱量反射到大氣中，使世界其他地區(qū)變暖。）”可知雨林可以吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量，減少太陽(yáng)熱量對(duì)地球的影響，有助于調(diào)節(jié)氣候。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Peopleobviouslyhaveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.（人們顯然需要我們從砍伐樹木中獲得的資源，但我們所遭受的痛苦將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)我們所獲得的利益。）”可知，砍伐樹木雖然能獲得利益，但是我們失去的卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于我們獲得的利益。通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境可以判斷出，第三段劃線的“this”指的是我們失去的會(huì)比得到的多得多。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Morethan25％ofthemedicinesweusetodayefromplantsinrainforests.However,fewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheirmedicalvalue.Itisextremelylikelythatourbestchancetocurediseasesliessomewhereintheworld’sshrinkingrainforests.(我們現(xiàn)在使用的藥物有25%以上來(lái)自熱帶雨林的植物。然而，只有不到1%的雨林植物被檢測(cè)出其藥用價(jià)值。我們治愈疾病的最佳機(jī)會(huì)極有可能出現(xiàn)在世界上正在縮小的雨林中。)”可以推斷出，熱帶雨林有很大的藥用潛力，故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀整篇內(nèi)容可知，短文介紹了熱帶雨林在人們生活中的重要作用。它們能吸收太陽(yáng)光調(diào)節(jié)地球上的溫度，降低人類患病幾率，其中有一些藥用的植物藥材還可以用來(lái)為人類治病，因此，我們要保護(hù)熱帶雨林，不要濫墾濫伐。所以本文的主題是熱帶雨林和環(huán)境，故短文的最佳標(biāo)題是“熱帶雨林和環(huán)境”。故選C項(xiàng)。【D】Accordingtoarecentstudy,anewgeneticallymodifiedricecanpreventinfectionsofHIV,thevirusresponsibleforthediseaseAIDS.ThestudyreportsthenewlydevelopedriceproducesproteinsthatattachdirectlytotheHIVvirus.Thisprocesspreventsthevirusfrommixingwithhumancells.Thescientistssayitcanremovetheeffectofthevirusandblockitsspreading.TheJointUnitedNationsProgramonHIV/AIDSreportsthatworldwide,nearly37millionpeoplewerelivingwithHIVin2017.Theorganizationsaysthelargestnumberofthoseareindevelopingcountries.NearlytwothirdsofHIVcasesareinAfrica.NowthereisnocureforHIV/AIDSthoughtherehavebeendevelopmentsinoraldrugtreatmentstoslowtheprogressionofthedisease.ThenewstudypredictsthericebasedmethodwillleadtolongtermuseoftheantiHIVtreatmentacrossthedevelopingworld.Researcherssaidthe“groundbreaking”discoveryis“realisticallytheonlyway”thatantiHIVbinationtreatmentscanbeproducedatacostlowenoughforthedevelopingworld.Theysaytheeasiestandmostcosteffectivewaytousethericewillbetomakeitintoacreamtobeputontheskin.TheHIVfightingproteinscanthenenterthebodythroughtheskin.Peopleallovertheworldcouldgrowthericeandmakethecreamthemselves.Thiswouldpreventthecostandtravelrequiredformanypatientstoreceivetreatmentsandmedicine.Theprocessofchangingthegeneticstructureoffoodcropshasbeendebatedforsometime.Criticsofgeneticallyengineeredcropsbelievetheycanharmpeople.Thescientificteamsaysfurthertestingisneededtoensurethatthegeneticengineeringprocessdoesnotproduceanyadditionalchemicalsthatcouldbedangeroustopeople.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A.StresstheurgencyofHIVtreatments.B.ProvidesomedataaboutHIV.C.RemindreadersofHIVprevention.D.IntroduceHIVtothepublic.13.Inwhichwaywillthericebeusedatthelowestcost?ABytransformingitintoproteins. B.Byaddingittoanoraldrug.C.ByattachingittotheHIVvirus. D.Byprocessingitintoacream.14.Whatcanweinferaboutthegeneticengineeringprocess?A.ItcanpreventinfectionsofHIV. B.Itcanproducedangerouschemicals.C.Itstillrequiresperfecting. D.Itappliestothedevelopedworld.15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Asocialwebpage. D.Afirstaidbrochure.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要敘述了科學(xué)家培育出可預(yù)防艾滋病病毒感染的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻。研究人員表示，這一“突破性”的發(fā)現(xiàn)是“現(xiàn)在唯一的”以低成本為發(fā)展中國(guó)家生產(chǎn)抗艾滋病毒聯(lián)合治療的方法，但還有待于進(jìn)一步的完善。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段的“nearly37millionpeoplewerelivingwithHIVin2017NowthereisnocureforHIV/AIDSthoughtherehavebeendevelopmentsinoraldrugtreatmentstoslowtheprogressionofthedisease”可知，“2017年全世界有近3700萬(wàn)人感染艾滋病毒。盡管口服藥物治療已經(jīng)有了進(jìn)展減緩了疾病的發(fā)展，但現(xiàn)在還沒有治愈艾滋病毒/艾滋病的方法”。由此可推斷出對(duì)于艾滋病的治療迫在眉睫，非常緊迫。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)符合題意，故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theysaytheeasiestandmostcosteffectivewaytousethericewillbetomakeitintoacreamtobeputontheskin.”可知，最簡(jiǎn)單、最劃算的使用方法是將大米制成面霜涂在皮膚上?！皌hemostcosteffective”與“thelowestcost”是同義詞，“makeitintoacream”與“processitintoacream”是同義的。故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Thescientificteamsaysfurthertestingisneededtoensurethatthegeneticengineeringprocessdoesnotproduceanyadditionalchemicalsthatcouldbedangeroustopeople.”可知，科學(xué)研究小組認(rèn)為要進(jìn)一步的測(cè)試，以確保基因工程過(guò)程不會(huì)產(chǎn)生任何可能對(duì)人類有害的額外化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可推斷這種基因工程的過(guò)程還需要進(jìn)一步的完善。分析選項(xiàng)可知C符合題意，故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要敘述了根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，一種新的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻可以預(yù)防艾滋病病毒的感染。因此與人類的健康有關(guān)，所以本文可能是出現(xiàn)在健康雜志上，故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。如第4小題屬于推理判斷題。文章主要敘述了根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，一種新的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻可以預(yù)防艾滋病病毒的感染。因此與人類的健康有關(guān)，所以本文可能是出現(xiàn)在健康雜志上，故選B。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，作出一定判斷和推論，推斷合理信息。推理時(shí)要做到判斷有據(jù),推論有理,忠實(shí)原文。切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面結(jié)論。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Mymotherisadiligentandkindwoman.Sheisverybusyfrommorningtillnight.Asateacher,sheworkshard._____16_____BothmybrotherandIloveherdearlyasshelovesus.Mymotherhasbeenteachingmathatamiddleschoolinmyhometown.Shegoestoworkearlyinthemorninganddoesnotreturnhomeuntillateintheafternoon.____17____Shetreatsthemwithpatienceandteachesthemwell.Forherexcellentqualityandverygoodteachingresults,shehasbeenelectedasamodelteacherseveraltimes.____18____Everyday,whensheesbackhomefromwork,shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythingingoodorder.Sheseemstobebusyallthetime.Asshehasbeenverybusyworkingeveryday,shelooksolderthanherage.Butshelooksascheerfulandhappyasever.Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself,butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus.____19____Shejusteatsaplainmealoutsidewhensheistoobusytocookherself.Shelivesabusyyetsimplelife,withoutanyplaints.Oftenshesaystous,“workwhileyouwork,andplaywhileyouplay.Thatisthewaytobehappyandgay.Ifyoudonotwork,youwillbeelazyandbeofnousetosociety”.Whatapieceofgoodadvicethisis!____20____Thisadviceofherswillalwaysserveasaguidetomybehavior.Mymotherisgreatindeed,andIalwaysfeelproudofher.A.Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseveryfort.B.Sheenjoyslisteningtoclassicmusic.C.Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals.D.Shelovesherstudentsandcaresforthem.E.Mymotherishardworkingandneverwastesmoney.F.Canyoutellussomethingaboutyourmother?G.Ineverforgetitandalwaysbearitinmymind.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.C20.G【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。本文介紹了媽媽的性格特點(diǎn)，作為老師她工作努力，作為媽媽她能夠用心照顧家庭，教育孩子，給孩子樹立良好的榜樣?！?6題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)前一句“Asateacher,sheworkshard”可知，作為老師她非常的努力工作，可知接下來(lái)應(yīng)該描述作為媽媽，她的做法。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)（Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseveryfort.）符合上下文，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下句“Shetreatsthemwithpatienceandteachesthemwell”她非常耐心的對(duì)待學(xué)生們教他們教的非常的好?？芍龑?duì)待學(xué)生的情況，故D項(xiàng)（Shelovesherstudentsandcaresforthem）符合上下文的語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下文“shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythingingoodorder”和“sheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus”可知，她一回來(lái)就做很多的事情，非常勤奮，所以此處應(yīng)該說(shuō)母親非常的勤奮，不浪費(fèi)每一份錢。由此可推斷出媽媽工作努力，生活上又節(jié)省，E項(xiàng)（Mymotherishardworkingandneverwastesmoney）正確。故選E。【19題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下句“Shejusteatsaplainmealoutsidewhensheistoobusytocookherself.”可知媽媽她只在外面吃一些非常平常的飯菜，由此可推斷出只吃一些很平常的飯菜，不到高檔場(chǎng)所去消費(fèi)。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)（Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals）符合題意，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)前一句“Whatapieceofgoodadvicethisis!”可知我認(rèn)為媽媽這個(gè)建議非常好，所以我永遠(yuǎn)都會(huì)記住，不會(huì)忘記的，G項(xiàng)（Ineverforgetitandalwaysbearitinmymind.）符合上下文，故選G。【點(diǎn)睛】七選五題型考察學(xué)生把握整篇文章的布局和邏輯層次關(guān)系和把握微觀信息間關(guān)聯(lián)性。做七選五時(shí)首先，快速瀏覽一遍七個(gè)備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置．其次，精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項(xiàng)填入空格。七選五空出的是整個(gè)句子，可以通過(guò)選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來(lái)確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。其三，注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。最后，用代入法，檢查答案是否合理，將所有選擇答案放回空白處，通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否語(yǔ)義連貫合理、緊扣主題，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語(yǔ)是否恰當(dāng)貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。本大題中的第3小題，根據(jù)下文“shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythingingoodorder”和“sheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus”可知，她一回來(lái)就做很多的事情，非常勤奮，所以此處應(yīng)該說(shuō)母親非常的勤奮，不浪費(fèi)每一份錢。由此可推斷出媽媽又努力又節(jié)約，E項(xiàng)（Mymotherishardworkingandneverwastesmoney）正確。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thefuturebelongstothosewhobelieveinthebeautyoftheirdreams.—EleanorRooseveltMyhometownwasaplaceofgreatbeautyandagriculturalrichness,aswellasaplaceofwarandnaturaldisasters.WhenIwasonlyfourteenyearsold,Iwasfilledwith___21___inspiteoftheterriblesurroundings.Thefamilieslivinghere,whotriedtomaketheirlivingfromtheland,___22___greatlosses.Ifeltsorryespeciallyforthechildren,butI___23___tobehopeless.IdecidedwhereverIwas,Iwoulddo___24___tohelpthem.Ibeganknockingoneverydoorandsayingtoeachpersonwho___25___thedoor,"Iknowthatyouare___26___andgivethebirdsthatetoyouryardalittle___27___.Pleaseconsidermeyourbird.GivemeonlyahandfulofriceeachweekwhenIetoyour___28___.Iwilltakeittotheplacewhereitcanbegiventothe___29___children."Nooneseemedto_____30_____givingmeahandfulofrice,evenwhentheyhadlittlethemselves.OnSunday,Iwould_____31_____myhandfulsofricetothechildren.Oneday,Icametoahousewhereanoldladylived.ItoldmystoryandaskedifIcouldbeherbird.Thewomancalledherdaughters,and_____32_____gavemefiftycents,aswellasahandfulofrice!Ibeganto_____33_____changeandricefromother"birdfeeders",andtheygavethemtome.Everyonewas_____34_____tohelpthosewhoweresuffering,evenonlyinthissmallway."Considermeyourbird."Mychildishideadidn'tstopthewar,butanyway,itwas_____35_____somepeace.21.A.sadness B.hope C.fort D.kindness22.A.suffered B.survived C.covered D.made23.A.wanted B.failed C.refused D.stopped24.A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing25.A.locked B.replied C.shut D.answered26.A.wise B.kind C.rich D.poor27.A.soil B.water C.stone D.rice28.A.country B.room C.door D.garden29.A.brave B.hungry C.promising D.nervous30.A.mind B.consider C.avoid D.enjoy31.A.clearaway B.putaway C.sweepaway D.giveaway32.A.every B.each C.neither D.none33.A.applyfor B.payfor C.askfor D.searchfor34.A.glad B.sad C.upset D.worried35.A.creating B.mending C.disturbing D.managing【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.A【解析】本文為記敘文。作者講述在自己家鄉(xiāng)了為飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和自然災(zāi)害困擾的人家的孩子所做的一件善舉，借此至少能在一定程度上減少戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)帶來(lái)的災(zāi)難，并且創(chuàng)造出一種和平。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我只有14歲的時(shí)候，盡管周圍的環(huán)境很糟糕，我卻充滿了希望。A.sadness難過(guò)；B.hope希望；C.fort安慰；D.kindness善良。由下文講述的故事和“Ifeltsorryespeciallyforthechildren,butI___3___tobehopeless”，可知作者充滿希望，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：居住在這里的那些試圖靠土地謀生的家庭遭受了慘重的損失。A.suffered遭受；B.survived幸存；C.covered覆蓋；D.made做。根據(jù)第一句“Myhometownwasaplaceofgreatbeautyandagriculturalrichness,aswellasaplaceofwarandnaturaldisasters(我的家鄉(xiāng)是一個(gè)非常美麗、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的地方，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)充滿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和自然災(zāi)害的地方。).”可知這里的家庭“遭受（suffer）了”戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和自然災(zāi)害造成的巨大損失，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我特別為孩子們感到難過(guò)，但我拒絕絕望。A.wanted想要；B.failed失敗；C.refused拒絕；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)上文可知，盡管周圍的環(huán)境很糟糕，作者卻充滿了希望，因此“拒絕（refuse）絕望”。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定無(wú)論我在哪里，我都要做些事情來(lái)幫助他們。A.something一些事；B.everything每件事；C.anything任何事；D.nothing無(wú)事。在肯定句中表示“一些事情”用something。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始敲每一扇門并對(duì)應(yīng)門的人說(shuō)，“我知道你很善良，會(huì)給來(lái)到你院子里的鳥兒一些米?！盇.locked鎖；B.replied回答，回復(fù)；C.shut關(guān)；D.answered應(yīng)答。根據(jù)上文的“Ibeganknockingoneverydoor”可知，此處是指作者去敲門，然后別人開門，answerthedoor意為“應(yīng)門”，為固定用法。故選D。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始敲每一扇門并對(duì)應(yīng)門的人說(shuō)，“我知道你很善良，會(huì)給來(lái)到你院子里的鳥兒一些米?！盇.wise聰明；B.kind善良；C.rich富有；D.poor貧窮。根據(jù)“andgivethebirdsthatetoyouryardalittle___7___(rice)”可知，“給來(lái)到你院子里的鳥兒一些米”是“善良（kind）”人的舉動(dòng)，故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始敲每一扇門并對(duì)應(yīng)門的人說(shuō)，“我知道你很善良，會(huì)給來(lái)到你院子里的鳥兒一些米?！盇.soil土壤；B.water水；C.stone石頭；D.rice米。根據(jù)下文“Nooneseemedto____10____givingmeahandfulofrice,evenwhentheyhadlittlethemselves.”可知，作者請(qǐng)求人們施舍一點(diǎn)米（rice），rice為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每周我到你門前的時(shí)候，只給我一把米。A.country國(guó)家；B.room房間；C.door門；D.garden花園。根據(jù)上文“Ibeganknockingoneverydoorand…”可知，作者每周去敲門索要一把米，故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我會(huì)把它帶到可以給饑餓的孩子們的地方。A.brave勇敢的；B.hungry饑餓的；C.promising有前途的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)上文“aswellasaplaceofwarandnaturaldisasters.”可知，此處是指自然遭害導(dǎo)致收成不好，作者是把施舍來(lái)的東西送給那些饑餓的孩子。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：似乎沒有人介意給我一把米，即使他們自己沒有多少。A.mind介意；B.consider認(rèn)為；C.avoid避免；D.enjoy喜歡。根據(jù)下文的“evenwhentheyhadlittlethemselves.”可知，盡管家家都沒有富余的，但沒有人介意（mind）作者的請(qǐng)求，故選A。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：星期天，我會(huì)把一把一把的米分給孩子們。A.clearaway掃除；B.putaway儲(chǔ)存；C.sweepaway清除；D.giveaway分發(fā)。根據(jù)上文“Iwilltakeittotheplacewhereitcanbegiventothe___9___children.”可知，作者把募集來(lái)的米分給（giveaway）孩子們，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：女士叫來(lái)她的女兒們，每個(gè)人給了我五毛錢和一把米。A.every每一；B.each每一；C.neither兩者都不；D.none無(wú)一。由語(yǔ)境可知，每一個(gè)孩子都給了作者東西。every不能單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)，但each可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我開始向其他“喂鳥人”要零錢和米，他們都給了我。A.applyfor申請(qǐng)；B.payfor付款；C.askfor請(qǐng)求；D.searchfor尋找。根據(jù)下文“andtheygavethemtome.(他們都給了我)”可知作者向他們“請(qǐng)求”索要零錢和米，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都很樂(lè)意幫助那些受苦的人，即使只是這么小的幫助?！熬彤?dāng)我是你的鳥兒吧?！盇.glad高興的；B.sad難過(guò)的；C.upset不安的；D.worried擔(dān)憂的。由上文“Nooneseemedto____10____givingmeahandfulofrice,evenwhentheyhadlittlethemselves.”可知，人們都樂(lè)意幫助那些受苦的人，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我幼稚的想法沒有阻止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，但無(wú)論如何，它創(chuàng)造了一些和平。A.creating創(chuàng)造；B.mending修補(bǔ)；C.disturbing打擾；D.managing管理。作者孩童般的、稚氣的想法不能夠阻止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，但是它至少能在一定程度上減少戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)帶來(lái)的災(zāi)難，并且創(chuàng)造出一種和平。故選A。第II卷第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Despitemanylawsandnationalparkstoprotecttigers,theirhabitatscontinuetobedestroyedandtheyarestillhunted.___36___(sad),tigersareamongthemostendangeredspeciesintheworldnowadays.Altogether,therearenomorethan5,000tigers___37___(leave)inthewild.Somethinkthatthetigerisalreadytothepointof___38___(die)outinthewild.Therearemanyreasons___39___this,likehabitatlossandhunting.Overtheyears,anumberofsteps___40___(take)tohelpp