素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練（一）Ⅰ.閱讀理解APhilipwasanine-year-oldboyinaSundayschoolclassof8-year-oldgirlsandboys.Sometimesthethirdgradersdidn'twelcomePhilipintotheirgroupandusuallytrickedhim.Thiswasnotbecausehewasolder,butbecausehewas“different”.Yousee,PhilipsufferedfromaconditioncalledDowns'sSyndrome.Thismadehim“different”,withhisfacialcharacteristics,slowresponsesandmentalproblems.OneSundayafterEaster,theSundayschoolteachergatheredsomeplasticeggsthatpulledapartinthemiddle.Theteachergaveonetoeachchild.Onthatbeautifulspringday,thechildrenweretogooutanddiscoverforthemselvessomesymbolof“newlife”andplaceitinsidetheplasticeggs.Afterthechildrenreturnedtotheclassroom,theteacheropenedtheireggsonebyone,askingeachchildtoexplainthatsymbolof“newlife”.Thefirstopenedtheeggcontainedaflower.Everyonecheered.Inanotheronewasabutterfly...Whentheteacheropenedthelastegg,itwasempty.“That'sstupid,”saidsomeone.Theteacherfeltapullathisshirt.ItwasPhilip.Lookingup,Philipsaid,“It'smine.Ididit.It'sempty.Ihavenewlife,becausethetombisempty.”Notasoundwasheardinclassatall.Fromthatdayon,Philipbecamearealpartofthegroup.Theywelcomedhim,andwhatevermadehimdifferentwasnevermentionedagain.Philip'sfamilyknewhewouldn'tlivealonglife,forthereweretoomanythingswrongwithhim.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“condition”inPara1probablymean?A.Grade. B.Decision. C.Disease. D.Health.2.Whatdidtheteacherleteachchilddoaftergivingthemoneplasticegg?A.Putsomesymbolof“newlife”intoit. B.Playaroundonthatbeautifulspringday.C.Trytopullitapartinthemiddle. D.Gooutanddiscoverthemselves.3.WhathappenedafterPhilipexplainedhisnewlife?A.Theclassthoughthewasclever. B.Hebegantostudyintheclass.C.Theclassfellsilent. D.Hefeltdying.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theteacherusedtohaveclassesoutdoors.B.Philip'snewlifewishwasempty.C.Philipwashealthyasawhole.D.Philipwasacceptedbyhisclassmatesintheend.B[2023·江蘇南通期末統(tǒng)考]Howgoodareyouatmaths?Somepeoplelovethechallengeofalgebra（代數）orenjoyworkingoutnumberpuzzles.Mathsisallaroundus,fromworkingouthowtosharethebillafterameal,tocalculatingyourfamilybills.Butmanyareafraidofthemomentwhentheyhavetodealwithnumbersandfiguresandfeelarealsenseofworryandconfusion.Itcanseemfrightening,butthismathsanxietyisperfectlynormal,andyou'redefinitelynotalone.Andanyway,ourworriesandfearsdon'tnecessarilyreflectourability.Theproblemreallystartsinchildhood,atschool.Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheiranxietytothepupils,andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeaffected.TheProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessmentfoundaround31%of15-and16-year-oldsacross34countriessaidtheygotverynervousdoingmathsproblems,33%saidtheygottensedoingmathshomework,andnearly60%saidtheyworriedthatmathsclasseswouldbedifficult.ShulamitKahn,aprofessorfromBostonUniversity,believesthatgivingstudents,particularlygirls,goodrolemodelsiscritical,especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeople,especiallywomenwholovemaths,toteachyoungerchildren.WritingfortheBBC,DavidRobsonsays,“It'snotclearwhymathscausessomuchfearcomparedtogeography.Butthefactthatthere'snoroomforplayingtricksmightmakeyoumoreworriedaboutunderperforming.”Andonceweassumethatwe'renotamathsperson,weavoidsolvingthingsthatweprobablycoulddo.Psychologistshavebeentryingtoworkoutwhymentalarithmetic（心算）canbringusoutinasweat.Thatseedoffearmaycomefrommanysources,butsomesuggestthatvoicingyourfearscanloosentheircontroloveryou.Theyalsosuggestencouragingchildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge,notathreat.Mostimportantly,weneedtothinkpositivelyaboutmathsandgiveitasecondchance.5.Whatistheauthor'sunderstandingofmathsanxietyinParagraph1?A.Ithappenswhenyouhavetopaybillsafterameal.B.Itactuallyreflectsone'spoorperformanceinmaths.C.Onlystudentsoftensufferfromthissenseofworry.D.Peoplenormallyhaveitwhendealingwithnumbers.6.Whatmaycausestudents'mathsanxietyaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theparticularfeatureofmaths. B.Thefearoffailureinmathstests.C.Students'dislikeoflearningmaths. D.Mathsteachers'lackofconfidence.7.WhatcanweinferfromDavidRobson'swords?A.Geographyseldomcausesworry. B.Slowstudentshavemathsanxiety.C.Dishonestyisdifficultinmathstests. D.Mathsstudentslikenumberpuzzles.8.Whatisthebestwaytogetovermathsanxiety?A.Speakingoutyourfearsinpublic. B.Employingfemalemathsteachers.C.Havingapositiveattitudetomaths. D.Viewingmathstestsasachallenge.Ⅱ.七選五[2023·河北張家口期末統(tǒng)考]Withthesuddenchangetoonlinelearningespeciallywithinthelastcoupleofyears,therehavebeenquiteafewproblemsforstudentsandteachersaswell.1Whenstudentsarelearningfromthecomfortoftheirownbedrooms,itcanbedifficulttofeelproductive.After5minutesofstudying,thestudentsmayfindthemselvespickingupthephonetolookthroughsocialmediaplatforms.2Teachersconstantlyfindstudentslack（缺乏）thedrivetolearnsomethingnew.Whenstudentsfindnomotivationtolearn,study,orfocusduringthelesson,itcanbediscouragingforteachersaswell.Inatraditionalclassroom,sometimesteacherswouldallow10-minutebreaksbetweenthelessons.3Usually,teachersalsoarrangepair-basedactivitiesthatletstudentsworktogethertowardsacommongoal.Thissocialmethodisquiteimportantforliftingclassmorale（士氣）andbuildingcompanionship.Theproblemwithonlinelearningisthatteachersgenerallypaylittleattentiontothisfactorastheyconcentrateondeliveringtheclasscontentonly.ThepoorInternetconnectionisanotherchallengefacedbystudentsinonlinelearning.4Thiscanbeannoyingforstudents.TheyaresometimesforcedoutofZoomroombecausetheInternetserviceisnotworkingwell.Besidestechnicalproblemsinonlinelearning,teacherssometimesstrugglewiththeclassdiscipline（紀律）inavirtualenvironment.5Teachersmayfeeldiscouragedwhentheyrealizetheyareexplainingsomethingbutthestudentsarenotfollowing.So,allthepossiblesolutionsshouldbefoundtogetthebestresultsforthestudents.A.It'sdifficultforthemtokeepupwiththeteacher.B.Studentsaregenerallybeyondtheirteachers'control.C.Oneproblemthatstandsoutispoortimemanagement.D.Thisoftenencouragesstudentstocommunicatewithoneanother.E.Gettingusedtoanonlinelearningenvironmentcanbeabitdifficult.F.Attheendoftheday,theyrealizethattheyhaven'tstudiedproperly.G.That'swhywe'lldiscussthemostcommonproblemsofonlinelearning.Ⅲ.完形填空Oneday,aprofessorenteredhisclassroomandaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.Theyallwaited1attheirdesksfortheexamtobegin.Theprofessor2theexampaperswiththetextfacingdownasusual.Oncehehandedthemallout,heaskedthestudentsto3thepapers.Toeveryone'ssurprise,therewere4questions—justablackdotinthecenterofthepaper.Theprofessor,seeingtheexpressionsoneveryone'sfaces,toldthemthefollowing，“Iwantyoutowriteaboutwhatyouseethere.”Thestudents,5,gotstartedontheverytask.Attheendoftheclass,theprofessortookalltheexams,readingeachoneofthemloudinfrontofallthestudents.Allofthem,without6,describedtheblackdot（小圓點）,tryingtoexplainitspositioninthecenterofthesheet.Afterallhadbeenread,theclassroom7,theprofessorstartedtoexplain，“I'mnotgoingtogradeyouonthis;Ijustwanttogiveyousomethingtothinkabout.Noonewroteaboutthe8partofthepaper.”“Everyonefocusedontheblackdot—andthe9thinghappensinourlives.10,weinsistonfocusingonlyontheblackdot—thehealthissuesthattroubleus,thelackof11,thecomplicated（復雜的）friendshipwithafamilymember,thedisappointmentwithafriend.Thedarkspotsarevery12whencomparedtoeverythingwehaveinourlives,buttheyaretheonesthat13ourminds.14youreyesawayfromtheblackdotsinyourlives.Enjoyeachoneofyourblessings,eachmomentthatlifegivesyou.Be15andlivealifefilledwithlove!”1.A.happily B.guiltily C.anxiously D.lazily2.A.handedout B.carriedout C.leftout D.putout3.A.burndown B.turnover C.turnout D.turnto4.A.some B.any C.many D.no5.A.sad B.confused C.angry D.fun6.A.expectation B.surprise C.exception D.doubt7.A.bright B.noisy C.crowded D.silent8.A.black B.central C.white D.most9.A.different B.same C.unique D.easy10.A.However B.Therefore C.Thus D.Moreover11.A.problem B.money C.food D.skill12.A.great B.tiny C.big D.important13.A.pollute B.create C.relax D.help14.A.Drive B.Put C.Take D.Bring15.A.healthy B.generous C.lovely D.happy素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練（一）Ⅰ.閱讀理解1.C[解析]詞義猜測題。根據第一段最后兩句可知，Downs'sSyndrome是一種使他面部出現特殊的特征、反應遲鈍和精神問題的疾病。由此可推斷，condition與disease意思相近。2.A[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段最后一句可知，老師給每個孩子一個塑料蛋，孩子們往蛋里邊加入一些“新生命”的象征。3.C[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段倒數第三句“Notasoundwasheardinclassatall.”可知，菲利普的一席話之后，全班鴉雀無聲。4.D[解析]推理判斷題。根據第三段最后兩句可知，從那天起，菲利普成為這個團體真正的一部分。他們歡迎他，他與眾不同的地方再也沒有被提起過。因此，菲利普最后被同學們接納為團體中的一員。故選D項?！菊Z篇導讀】本文主要記述了周日學校的老師通過一次活動，使患有唐氏綜合征的菲利普被他的同學們接受的故事。5.D[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第四、五句可知，許多人害怕面對數字，感到真正的擔憂和困惑。數學焦慮看起來很可怕，但其實是非常常見的現象，絕對不止你一個人有類似的情況。因此，數學焦慮是很常見的，人們在和數字打交道時通常會有這種感覺。6.D[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，這項研究發(fā)現，老師教數學時感到焦慮，即缺乏教數學的自信，就會讓學生也對學數學產生焦慮。7.C[解析]推理判斷題。根據第三段第二句可知，沒有機會讓你耍花招會讓你更加擔心考試考得不如意。由此可推斷，學生在數學考試時比較難作弊。8.C[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段最后一句可知，最重要的是，我們需要積極看待數學，再給數學一次機會。因此，克服數學焦慮最重要的是對數學的態(tài)度要積極向上。【語篇導讀】本文主要介紹產生數學焦慮的原因以及如何克服數學焦慮。Ⅱ.七選五1.C[解析]下文提到學生們在自己的臥室學習時，效率不高，時間分配不合理?？仗帪楸径蔚闹髦即笠饩?，應該與時間有關，故C項“一個突出的問題是時間管理不善”符合語境。2.F[解析]空前講了學生們在自己的臥室學習時，效率不高，時間分配不合理，空處說明這樣會帶來的后果。F項“一天下來，他們意識到自己沒有好好學習”符合語境。3.D[解析]根據第四段第一句可知，在傳統(tǒng)的課堂上，有時老師會在課間休息10分鐘。空處承接前文說明這樣做的好處：會讓學生們在休息時間互相交流。D項中This指代前文中“sometimesteacherswouldallow10-minutebreaksbetweenthelessons”這件事情。4.A[解析]本段主要介紹互聯網信號差會影響學生的在線學習?？仗庍M一步說明糟糕的互聯網連接給學生的線上學習所帶來的不好影響。A項“他們很難跟上老師的步伐”符合語境。5.B[解析]上文提到了classdiscipline，空處承接上文說明在線學習出現紀律失控的原因，那就是學生們不受老師的控制。【語篇導讀】本文主要介紹了學生們在網課學習期間常見的一些問題。Ⅲ.完形填空1.C[解析]根據上文中的“andaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest”可知，這次考試是一次突擊考試，學生們應該沒有做好準備，所以心情是焦慮的。2.A[解析]根據后面一句中的“Oncehehandedthemallout”可知，教授像往常一樣把試卷正面朝下發(fā)下去。3.B[解析]他把試卷發(fā)完后，就讓學生們把試卷翻過來。根據前面一句中的“withthetextfacingdown”可知，教授發(fā)的試卷正面是朝下的，所以讓學生們把試卷翻過來。4.D[解析]根據本句