考研《英語一》2023年鶴崗市蘿北縣模擬試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MikioTanakaisadevotedfather----andproveitbytakingthreemonthsofftocareforhisbabyboy.ThatmakesTanaka__36__ofarevolutionaryinJapan,wheremenare__37__knownforworkinglonghoursand__38__inthebarswithclientsthanmixingbabymilkandchangingdiapers(尿布).“Itwas__39__,butitwasalsoalotoffun,”Tanakasaid,sitting__40__thelivingroomfloorwithhis4-month-oldson,Daiki,__41__onhisback.“Isawthefirsttimehe__42__.Itwasagreatexperience.”Tanaka,31,isoneofa__43__numberoffathersinJapanwhoaretakingabigger__44__insidethehome.Menarea__45__sightwithkidsatparksandzoosatweekends,thoughoften__46__yawning.Booksandmagazines__47__fathersonhowtoplaywithandcarefortheirkids.ForJapan’s__48__housewives,thechangingistoolate.InTanaka’scase,hiswife,Ayako,28,was__49__totakeafullyearofleave,forshewasaschoolteacher.__50__forTanaka,adepartmentchiefathiscompanyhadtakenthe__51__leaveafewyearsbefore,sohisplanto__52__threemonthsunpaidleavewasnotatotalshocktohis__53__.AyakotookthreemonthsoffforDaiki,thenitwasTanaka’s__54__whenshewentbacktowork.Daikistarteddaycarefull-timeat__55__month.Tanakasaidatthattimehewasabletoworkagain.1、A．a(chǎn)nything B．something C．everything D．nothing2、A．well B．poorly C．specially D．badly3、A．working B．dancing C．drinking D．cooking4、A．easy B．interesting C．exciting D．tough5、A．beside B．a(chǎn)gainst C．on D．a(chǎn)bove6、A．hanged B．hung C．joked D．sang7、A．fellasleep B．stoodup C．dressedup D．jumpedup8、A．growing B．falling C．a(chǎn)dding D．fixing9、A．step B．a(chǎn)ction C．hold D．role10、A．interesting B．different C．common D．short11、A．seen B．said C．observed D．blamed12、A．drive B．send C．comfort D．treat13、A．self-confident B．overworked C．poorly-dressed D．well-fed14、A．unfair B．unwilling C．unfit D．undecided15、A．Hardly B．Sadly C．Unluckily D．Fortunately 16、A．immediate B．short C．sick D．same17、A．teacher B．boss C．wife D．child18、A．take B．give C．make D．offer19、A．duty B．fault C．turn D．decision20、A．third B．fifth C．sixth D．tenthSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Asaboy,CharlesRobertDarwin(達(dá)爾文）collectedanythingthatcaughthisinterest:insects,coinsandinterestingstones.Hewasnotveryclever,butDarwinwasgoodatdoingthethingsthatinterestedhim.Hisfatherwasadoctor,soDarwinwassenttoEdinburghtostudymedicine,andwasplannedtofollowamedicalcareer.ButCharlesfoundthelecturesboring.ThenhisfathersenthimtoCambridgeUniversitytostudytobeapriest.WhileatCambridge,Darwin'sinterestinzoologyandgeographygrew.LaterhegotaletterfromRobertFitzRoywhowasplanningtomakeavoyagearoundtheworldonaship,theBeagle.Hewantedanaturalisttojointheship,andDarwinwasrecommended（推薦)ThatvoyagewasthestartofDarwin'sgreatlife.AstheBeaglesailedaroundtheworld,Darwinbegantowonderhowlifehaddevelopedonearth.Hebegantoobserveeverything.Afterhewashome,hesettowork,gettinghiscollectioninorder.HisfirstgreatworkTheZoologyoftheBeaglewaswellreceived,buthewasslowtomakepublichisideasontheoriginoflife.LaterDarwinandWallace,anothernaturalistwhohadthesameopinionsasDarwin,producedapapertogether.Darwin’sgreatbook“OntheOriginofSpeciesbyMeansofNaturalSelection"（《物種起源》）appearedItattractedastorm.PeoplethoughtthatDarwinwassayingtheyweredescendedfrommonkeys.Whatashamefulidea!AlthoughmostscientistsagreedthatDarwinwasright,theChurchwasstillsostrongthatDarwinneverreceivedanyhonorsforhiswork.Afterwards,hepublishedanothergreatwork,TheDescentofMan.Hishealthgrewworse,buthestillworked."WhenIhavetogiveupobservation,Ishalldie,"hesaid.Hewasstillworkingon17,April,1882.Hewasdeadtwodayslater.1、Darwin'sfathersenthimtoEdinburghto.A．makehimlikenaturalhistoryB．makehimbecomeadoctorC．lethimchangehishobbiesD．havehimgiveuphiscollection2、Accordingtothepassage；CharlesDarwin'swholelifewaschangedby.A．hisstudyatCambridgeUniversityB．hiscollectionofcoinsC．thenaturalistsatCambridgeD．thevoyageoftheBeagle3、Theunderlinedpart“theyweredescendedfrommonkeys"probablymeans“”.A．theygavemonkeyslifeB．theyweredifferentfrommonkeysC．theyweredevelopedfrommonkeysD．theyhadtolivewithmonkeyText2ItwasMother’sDaymorninglastyearandIwasdoingmyshoppingatourlocalsupermarketwithmyfive-year-oldson,Teayson.Aswewereleaving,wefoundthatonlyminutesearlieranelderlywomanhadfallenoverattheentranceandhadhitherbeadontheconcrete.Herhusbandwaswithher,buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearlyinshock.Walkingtowardsthescene,Tenysonbecameveryupsetaboutwhathadhappenedtothecouple.Ilesaidtome.“Mumsit’snotmuchfunfallingoverinfrontofeveryone.”Atthefrontofthesupermarketacharitygrouphadsetupastandsellingcookedsausagesandflowerstoraisefunds.Tenysonsuggestedthatweshouldboytheladyaflower.“Itwillmakeherfeelbetter,”hesaid.Iwasamazedthathe’dcomeupsuchasweetidea.Sowewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflowerfortheladytocheerherup.“Justtakeit,”shereplied.“Ican’ttakeyourmoneyforsuchawonderfulgesture.”Bynowparamedics(救援人員)hadarrived,andwereattendingtheinjuredwoman.Aswewalkeduptoher,mysonbecameintimidatedbyallthebloodandmedicalequipment.Hesaidhewasjusttooscaredtogouptoher.InsteadIgavetheflowertothewoman’shusbandandtoldhim.“Mysonwasveryupsetforyourwifeandwantedtogiveherthisflowertomakeherfeelbetter.”Atthat,theoldmanstartedcryingandsaid,“Thankyousomuch,youhaveawonderfulson,HappyMother’sDaytoyou.”Themanthenbentdownandgavehiswifetheflower,tellingherwhoitwasfrom.Thoughbadlyhurtandshaken,theoldladylookedupatTenysonwithloveinhereyesandgavehimalittlesmile.1、Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A．OnecanneverbetoocarefulB．Actionsspeaklouderwords,C．Lovebeginswithalittlesmile.D．Asmallactofkindnessbringsagreatjoy.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheelderlywomanwasknockeddownbyTenyson.B．Tenyson’sideaofbuyingaflowergainedhisfather’ssupport.C．Tenyson’scarefortheelderlywomanpuzzledtheflowerseller.D．TheelderlywomanwasmovedtotearsbyTenyson’sgesture.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A．AcharitygroupB．AstandsellingcookedsausagesandflowersC．AflowerD．Asweetidea4、Theunderlinedword“intimidated”inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans.A．a(chǎn)stonishedB．struckC．frightenedD．excitedText3Ifyou'veeverbeenannoyedbythesoundofsomeoneeating，especiallyastheynoisilyslurpnoodles，don'tworry,you'renotalone.Acompanyhasrecentlydesignedaforkthatconnectstoanapponyoursmartphone，whichwillthenplaynoisecancellingsoundsifyouhappentoslurpyournoodlestooloudly.Theforkwasdesignedwithamicrophoneinitshandlethatistrainedtorecognizethesoundofslurping.Themicrophonewillthensendasignaltothephoneapp.settingoffthenoisecancellingsounds.Thecompanythatdesignedthefork,calledOtohikofork,wasinspiredbywhatiscalled"noodleharassment"bysocialmediausers,whichisrunningwildinJapan."TheJapanese,whogenerallydislikenoisyeating.consideritproperandevenpreferabletosuckupone'snoodleswithaloudslurpingsound".Unfortunatelyforvisitors,however,suchenthusiasticslurpingtendstograteontheirnerves,whichiswhatleadtothecreationofthephrase"noodleharassment"inthefirstplace.Thecompanybehindthefork,Nissin,istheverysamecompanythatinventedCupNoodles,whobroughtinstantnoodlestotheworldnearly70yearsago,sotheyaredefinitelyconcernedaboutwhetherornotforeignersareputoffbythesoundofslurpingnoodles.Theforkisbeingsoldforagood$130,butthosebotheredenoughbynoodleslurperswilllikelyfinditwellworththemoney.Nissinisonlyplanningalimitedrunof5000forksforthetimebeing,whichcannowbepre-orderedonlythroughtheirwebsite.Thecompanyisplanningtobeginreleasingthemjustintimefortheholidays.Ofcourse,itstillremainstobeseeniftheforkcanbeprogrammedtodrownoutthesoundofloudchewers,whichisprobablyofgreaterconcerntosensitiveWesterners.1、Fromthetextwecanknowthat_________.A．"noodleharassment"isusedtoreducethenoiseB．theOtohikoforkwillencouragenoodlesalesinJapanC．themicrophoneinitshandlestopstheslurpingsoundD．theapponasmartphoneoperatesjustlikeasilencer2、Thenewforkwasinvented_______.A．tobringnoodleeatersmorefun B．tosolveapracticalproblemC．tochangetheJapaneseeatinghabit D．topopularizeinstantnoodles3、Thenewforkwillbethemosthelpfulfor______.A．WesternvisitorstoJapan B．fansofJapanesenoodlesC．thespreadofJapaneseculture D．thereformofJapanesefood4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．ANewForkWinsPopularity B．NissinMakesAnotherInventionC．ANoiseCancellingForkBorn D．GoodNewsforWesternVisitorsText4Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheory—wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.Researchersat

Chicago

University

inthe

US

conductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood’sroleinearningtrust.Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV—wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble(咬),whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactions(交易)fromthestart.”HarleyStreet

psychologistDr.LucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytobesuccessful.”1、Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho______.A．hasthesametasteasthemB．a(chǎn)dvertiseshisproductsonTVC．reducesthepriceofhisproductsD．paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts2、Theexperimentsconductedbyresearchersat

Chicago

University

showthat______.A．foodplaysanimportantroleinearningpeople’strustB．bosseslikeemployeesthathavethesametasteasthemC．peoplewhohavesimilartastestotheirboss’searnmoreD．peoplehavelessinterestinbuyingproductsadvertisedonTV3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Peoplewhoeatsimilarfoodaremorelikelytotrusteachother.B．Peoplewillgetalongwitheachotheriftheyliketoeatsimilarthings.C．Theeffectofwearingsimilarclotheshasn’tbeenprovedbyresearchers.D．Peoplearemorelikelytomakefriendswiththosewearingthesameclothesasthem.4、Whichofthefollowingsayingscanbeanexampleofthesimilarityattractiontheory?A．Honestyisthebestpolicy.B．Allgoodthingscometoanend.C．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.D．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Breakinguplargeclassesintoseveralsmallerones1．（help）studentsbuttheimprovementsinmanycasescomewhateverteachersdo，anewresearchsuggests．New2．（finding）oftheresearchfromfournations，tellaninterestingstory．Smallclassesworkforchildren，butthat's3．becauseofhowteachersteach，butbecauseofwhatstudentsfeeltheycando：get4．（much）facetimewiththeirteachers，forinstance，orworkinsmallgroupswithclassmates．"Thesearethesameaswhatresearchershavealreadyknown，"Gamoransays．Thereisnogoodevidencethatteacherschangetheirinstructionsbasedonchangesinclasssize．Teachersarealwaysstrictwiththeirstudents．Someteachersaremakinguse5．smallclassesandothersarenot．Therearealotofdifferences．"It'snotlikethatyoureduceclassessoteachersdosomethingdifferentandtheachievementishigher，"hesays．Inonestudy，researchers6．（close）watchedstudents'behavioursandfoundthatstudentsbehavedbetterinsmallerclasses．Theyalso7．（have）moredirectcommunicationwithteachersandworkedmoreinsmallgroupsratherbythemselves．Oneteam，8．（lead）byRonaldEhrenbergofCornellUniversity，findsthatthepotentialbenefitsofclass﹣sizereduction"maybegreaterthan9．weobserved"ifonlyafewteacherschangetheirteaching10．（fit）thesmallergroup．HowardCarterisoneofthemostfamous1．(explorer)theworldhaseverknownHewasbraveandloved2．(visit)andexplorenewplacesDuringhislife,he3．(discover)manyamazingthingsHowardCarterdidnotgotoschool,butlearnttodrawfromhisfather,4．wasanartistHewasbrightandcurious5．theworldoutsidehishometownIn1891,attheageof17,6．setsailforAlexandria,EgyptBythe1920s,hehadbecomeanexplorer,7．(search)forthetombsoftheEgyptiankingsHefoundseveral8．(importance)onesInsidethetombs,hediscoveredagreatfortuneinjewelsandgold,along9．thepreservedbodiesofdeadkingsThese10．(preserve)bodiesareknownasmummiesSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Youmayusebanknoteseveryday.Butdidyouknowthatthereisalotofsciencebehindthemoney?1、Australiawasthefirstcountrytousepolymer(聚合物）banknotesin1988.2、Theycanstopwaterfrommakingthemwet.Theyarealsocleanerbecausebacteriadon’tgroweasilyonthem.Now,theAustralianshaveimprovedtheirbanknotesagainbycreatinganew5-dollarnote.ThenewonehasaclearwindowinthemiddleinwhichtherearepicturesofanAustralianbirdandabuilding.3、Tilt(傾斜）thenotealittleandyouwillseethebirdflappingitswingsasiftryingtoflyaway.Turnthenotefromsidetosideandyouwillnoticethebuildingcometolifeandspin.Whilethesefeaturesareimpressiveandentertaining,thatwasnotthereasonwhytheAustralianGovernmentspenttenyearsperfectingthem.Theirprimarypurposewastomakeitimpossibletofakeabanknote.4、Thenew$5billnowhasaraisedbumpalongsidethetwolongedges,enablingtheblindorthosewithlimitedvision,toquicklydetermineitsvalue.TheAustraliangovernmentwillgivethenew10-dollarnotethesamefeaturesinayear’stime.5、A．Notemakersstillhavealongwaytogo.B．Othernoteswillhavetheminthefuture.C．Themagicofthenewfeaturesliesinthem.D．Theyhavemanyadvantagesoverpapernotes.E.ThenewAustralian5-dollarnoteisagoodexample.F.ThenewnoteisalsothefirsttouchableAustralianbanknote.G.Theirmaterialandpatternsetthemapartfromordinarybanknotes.EverydayHabitsofPeoplewithImpressiveMemoryPeopleblessedwithanimpressivememorygenerallyadmitthattheyusevariousstrategiestoimprovetheirability.Butevenifyou'renotamemorygenius,therearethingsyoucantr