第2講定語從句考點1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1．關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞先行詞在從句中的作用who人主語、賓語whom人賓語which物主語、賓語that人或物主語、賓語、表語whose人或物定語as人或物主語、賓語、表語Theairthatwebreatheinisgettingfresherandfresher．我們吸進的空氣變得越來越新鮮。Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek．他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來。2．that和which的用法區(qū)別只用that的情況先行詞是all,few,little,much,anything,nothing等不定代詞時先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,all等修飾時先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時先行詞既有人又有物時只用which的情況引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時關(guān)系代詞指物，且前有介詞時Theresultwasnotthesameastheyhadexpected,whichwasratherdisappointing．結(jié)果與他們預(yù)期的不一樣，這讓人覺得很失望。3．a(chǎn)s和which的區(qū)別asas引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常譯為“正如……，正像……”。從句的謂語動詞多為see,know,expect,say,mention,report等whichwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾前面整個句子時，只能置于主句后，常譯為“這一點，這件事”等，which引導(dǎo)的從句與主句之間常含有并列或因果關(guān)系“Youcan'tjudgeabookbyitscover，”astheoldsayinggoes．正如老話說的那樣：“人不可貌相。”as用在限制性定語從句中時，先行詞必須有such,so,as或thesame等修飾，且as在從句中作賓語時不能省略?？键c2關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中的作用when時間名詞時間狀語where地點名詞或抽象名詞(situation,point,activity,case,stage等)地點狀語whythereason原因狀語Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter．我們將把公園野餐推遲到下周，屆時天氣可能會更好。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday?你知道他昨天沒有參加會議的原因嗎？考點3“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句1．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句時，介詞的賓語只能用which或whom，且不能省略。Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon/onwhichschooleducationdepends．一些專家認為閱讀是學(xué)校教育所依賴的基本技能。September30isthedaybywhichyoumustpayyourbill．在9月30日之前你必須繳付賬單。2．“名詞/不定代詞/數(shù)詞/形容詞比較級或最高級＋of＋which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，表示部分與整體的關(guān)系。Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneofwhichhasbeenproved．科學(xué)家們提出了很多關(guān)于人類為什么哭泣時流淚的理論，這些理論尚未得到證實。3．在非限制性定語從句中，whose修飾物時可以換為“the＋名詞＋ofwhich”；修飾人時，可以換為“the＋名詞＋ofwhom”。Thenewly-builtcafé，thewallsofwhich(＝whosewalls)arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork．這家新建成的咖啡館，墻被刷成了淺綠色，對我們來說，真是一個安靜的地方，特別是在辛苦工作后?！炯记牲c撥】1．確定是定語從句設(shè)空處無提示詞；空前的主句完整，空后的句子不完整；且對設(shè)空前的某一名詞或代詞起限定作用，就要考慮填定語從句關(guān)系詞。2．掌握“3步法”解題技巧(1)分清限制與非限制。在先行詞的后面出現(xiàn)逗號的，是非限制性定語從句。(2)尋找先行詞，判斷屬性(指人還是指物，表示時間、地點還是原因)。(3)判斷所缺成分，確定關(guān)系詞。Ⅰ．單句語法填空1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespeciesthatlivewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea．2．(2022·全國甲卷)Onthe1，100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,wholosthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces．3．(2022·北京卷)Thatincludescups,bottles,andbags,mostofwhichareonlygoodforoneuse．4．(2021·浙江卷1月)BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtoolthat/whichgivesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight．5．(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartistwhosepaintingswerealmostlifelike．Ⅱ．語法填空(2023·鎮(zhèn)江模擬)The2022“FocusonZhejiang”InternationalCulturalExchangeActivitywaslaunchedatDeqingWorldGeographicInformationTown,inHuzhouCity,EastChina'sZhejiangProvinceonFriday．Afolkmusicpiece1．titled(title)PicturesqueZhejiangraisedthecurtainstotheopeningceremonyofthisevent,featuringtypicalelementsofZhejiang,suchassilk，tea,bamboo,andpoetry．Attheopeningceremony,the2008NobelPrizewinnerforliteratureFrenchwriterJean-MarieGustaveLeClézio,2．whohadoncevisitedHangzhou,madean3．a(chǎn)ppearance(appear)throughavideo．HerecitedChineseancientpoetLiBai'spoemSouthernMaiden4．inFrenchand5．expressed(express)hiseagernesstotraveltoChina．Thisyear'seventwillbemorediversethan6．thatoflastyearanditisscheduledtolastuntiltheendoftheyear,accordingtotheorganiser．The“AsianGamesInternationalClass”wasspeciallysetupforforeignfriendslivinginZhejiang7．towelcome(welcome)the19thAsianGames,whichintroducedtheculturalandtourismresourcesofZhejiang．LedbysportsstarsandforeignInternetcelebrities,theclasspresentedvarious8．a(chǎn)chievements(achieve)oftheconstructionofbeautifulhomesinZhejiangandcommonprosperity．“FocusonZhejiang”InternationalCulturalExchangeActivity,9．jointly(joint)sponsoredbyInformationOfficeofZhejiangProvincialGovernmentandZhejiangProvincialDepartmentofCultureandTourism,10．hasbeenheld(hold)consistentlyforthreeyears．Ⅲ．寫作運用根據(jù)漢語提示補全下面寫作，注意定語從句的運用。DearChris，IknowthatyouwanttoparticipateinourChineseclubinourschool,1．whichneedstoshowtalents(這個俱樂部需要展示才藝)withcharacteristics．AndIamwritingtoadviseyoutotakeupacookingcoursefulloftheChinesetaste,2．whichcanarouseChinesepeople'sgreatawarenesstoChinesefood(這可以喚起中國人對中國食物的強烈意識)．3．Asweallknow(眾所周知),weChinesepeopleattachg