試題來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除試題來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除試題來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除2020年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題及答案(2)PartⅠWriting1、Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteonthetopic

ChangesintheWayofTransportation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartⅡListeningComprehension

SectionADirections:

Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.2、

A.Hewantedtobuyahome.

B.Hesufferedfromashock.

C.Helostahugesumofmoney.

D.Hedidanunusualgooddeed.3、

A.Invitethewaitertoafancydinner.

B.Tellherstorytothe

DailyNews.

C.Givesomemoneytothewaiter.

D.Paythewaiter'sschooltuition.4、

A.Whetherornottomovetothestate'smainland.

B.Howtokeepthevillagefromsinkingintothesea.

C.Wheretogetthefundsforrebuildingtheirvillage.

D.Whattodoabouttherisingleveloftheseawater.5、

A.Ittakestoolongatime.

B.Itcoststoomuchmoney.

C.Ithastowaitforthestate'sfinalapproval.

D.Itfacesstrongoppositionfrommanyvillagers.6、

A.Toinvestigatewhetherpeoplearegratefulforhelp.

B.Toseewhetherpeopleholddoorsopenforstrangers.

C.Toexplorewaysofinducinggratitudeinpeople.

D.Tofindouthowpeopleexpressgratitude.7、

A.Theyinducedstrangerstotalkwiththem.

B.Theyhelped15to20peopleinabadmood.

C.Theyhelddoorsopenforpeopleatvariousplaces.

D.Theyinterviewedpeoplewhodidn'tsaythankyou.8、

A.Peoplecanbeeducatedtobegrateful.

B.Mostpeopleexpressgratitudeforhelp.

C.Mostpeoplehavebaddaysnowandthen.

D.Peopleareungratefulwheninabadmood.

SectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.9、

A.Toorderasolarpanelinstallation.

B.Toreportaseriousleakinhisroof.

C.Toenquireaboutsolarpanelinstallations.

D.Tocomplainaboutthefaultysolarpanels.10、

A.Heplanstoinstallsolarpanels.

B.Heownsafour-bedroomhouse.

C.Hesaves$300ayear.

D.Hehasalargefamily.11、

A.Theserviceofthesolarpanelcompany.

B.Thecostofasolarpanelinstallation.

C.Themaintenanceofthesolarpanels.

D.Thequalityofthesolarpanels.12、

A.Oneyearandahalf.

B.Lessthanfouryears.

C.Roughlysixyears.

D.Aboutfiveyears.13、

A.Atatravelagency.

B.AtanAustralianairport.

C.Atanairlinetransferservice.

D.Atalocaltransportationauthority.14、

A.Shewouldbeabletovisitmorescenicspots.

B.Shewantedtosaveasmuchmoneyaspossible.

C.Shewouldliketohaveeverythingtakencareof.

D.Shewantedtospendmoretimewithherfamily.15、

A.Fourdays.

B.Fivedays.

C.Oneweek.

D.Twoweeks.16、

A.Choosingsomeactivitiesherself.

B.SpendingChristmaswithAustralians.

C.DrivingalongtheGreatOceanRoad.

D.Learningmoreaboutwinemaking.

SectionCDirections:

Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.17、

A.Bringtheirownbagswhenshopping.

B.Usepublictransportwhentraveling.

C.Disposeoftheirtrashproperly.

D.Payagreentaxuponarrival.18、

A.Ithasnotbeendoingagoodjobinrecycling.

B.Ithaswitnessedariseinaccidentaldrowning.

C.Ithasnotattractedmanytouristsinrecentyears.

D.Ithasexperiencedanoveralldeclineinairquality.19、

A.Tochargeasmallfeeonplasticproductsinsupermarkets.

B.Tobansingle-useplasticbagsandstrawsonBaliIsland.

C.Topromotetheuseofpaperbagsforshopping.

D.Toimposeapenaltyonanyonecaughtlittering.20、

A.Itgivesbirthtoseveralbabiesatatime.

B.Itistheleastprotectedmammalspecies.

C.Itsbreedinggroundsarenowbetterpreserved.

D.Itspopulationisnowshowingsignsofincrease.21、

A.Globalwarming.

B.Pollutedseawaters.

C.Commercialhunting.

D.Decreasingbirthrates.22、

A.Tomate.

B.Tolookforfood.

C.Toescapehunters.

D.Toseekbreedinggrounds.23、

A.Theyprefertodrinklow-fatmilk.

B.Theythinkmilkisgoodforhealth.

C.Theyconsumelessmilkthesedays.

D.TheybuymoremilkthantheBritish.24、

A.Itisnotashealthyasoncethought.

B.Itisnoteasytostayfreshforlong.

C.Itbenefitstheelderlymore.

D.Ittendstomakepeoplefat.25、

A.Theydrinktoomanypintseveryday.

B.Theyaresensitivetocertainminerals.

C.Theylackthenecessaryproteinstodigestit.

D.Theyhaveeatenfoodincompatiblewithmilk.26、

A.Itiseasierforsickpeopletodigest.

B.Itprovidessomenecessarynutrients.

C.Itishealthierthanotheranimalproducts.

D.Itsuppliesthebodywithenoughcalories.

PartⅢReadingComprehension

SectionADirections:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon

AnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Whenmysoncompletesatask,Ican'thelpbutpraisehim.It'sonlynaturaltogivepraisewherepraiseisdue,right?Butistheresuchathingastoomuchpraise?

AccordingtopsychologistKatherinePhillip,childrendon'tbenefitfrom

27

praiseasmuchaswe'dliketothink."Parentsoftenpraise,believingtheyarebuildingtheirchild'sself-confidence.However,over-praisingcanhavea

28

effect,"saysPhillip."Whenweusethesamepraise

29

,itmaybecomeemptyandnolongervaluedbythechild.Itcanalsobecomeanexpectationthatanythingtheydomustbe

30

withpraise.Thismayleadtothechildavoidingtakingrisksduetofearof

31

theirparents."

Doesthismeanweshoulddoawaywithallthepraise?Phillipsaysno."Thekeytohealthypraiseistofocusontheprocessratherthanthe

32

.Itistherecognitionofachild'sattempt,ortheprocessinwhichtheyachievedsomething,thatisessential,"shesays."Parentsshouldencouragetheirchildtotaketherisksneededtolearnandgrow."

Sohowdowebreakthe

33

ofpraisewe'reallsoaccustomedto?Phillipsaysit'simportantto

34

between"personpraise"and"processpraise"."Personpraiseis

35

sayinghowgreatsomeoneis.It'saformofpersonalapproval.Processpraiseisacknowledgementoftheeffortsthepersonhasjust

36

.Childrenwhoreceivepersonpraisearemorelikelytofeelshameafterlosing,"saysPhillip.

A.choose

B.constant

C.disappointing

D.distinguish

E.exhausting

F.experienced

G.negative

H.outcome

I.pattern

J.plural

K.repeatedly

L.rewarded

M.separately

N.simply

O.undertaken

SectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2.Povertyisastoryaboutus,notthem

A.Toooftenstill,wethinkweknowwhatpovertylookslike.It'sthewaywe'vebeentaught,theimageswe'vebeenforce-fedfordecades.Thechronicallyhomeless.Theundocumentedimmigrant.Theurbanpoor,usuallypersonifiedasawomanofcolor,the"welfarequeen"politiciansstilltoooftenreference.

B.ButasincomeinequalityrisestorecordlevelsintheUnitedStates,eveninthemidstofarecordeconomicexpansion,thosefamiliarimagesareoutdated,hurtful,andcounterproductivetofocusingattentiononsolutionsandbuildingladdersofopportunity.

C.Today'sfacesofincomeinequalityandlackofopportunitylooklikeallofus.It'sAnnaLandre,adisabledGeorgetownUniversitystudentfightingtokeephealthbenefitsthatallowherthefreedomtoliveherlife.It'sTiffanieStandard,acounselorforyoungwomenofcolorinPhiladelphiawhowanttobetechentrepreneurs—butwhomustworkmultiplejobstostayafloat.It'sKenOutlaw,awelderinruralNorthCarolinawhosedreamofgoingbacktoschoolatalocalcommunitycollegewasdashedbyHurricaneFlorence—justoneoftheextremeweathereventsthathavetippedthebalanceforstrugglingAmericansacrossthenation.

D.Ifthesearethecentralcharactersofourstoryaboutpoverty,whatlayersofperceptions,myths,andrealitiesmustweunearthtofindmeaningfulsolutionsandsupport?Inpursuitofrevealingthiscomplicatedreality,MotheringJustice,ledbywomenofcolor,wentlastyeartothestatecapitalinLansing,Michigan,tolobbyonissuesthataffectworkingmothers.OneoftheMotheringJusticeorganizerswenttotheofficeofastaterepresentativetotalkaboutthelackofaffordablechildcare—the

vestiges

(痕跡)ofasystemthatexpectedmotherstostayhomewiththeirchildrenwhiletheirhusbandsworked.Alegislativestafferdismissedtheactivist'sconcerns,tellingher"myhusbandtookcareofthat—Istayedhome."

E.Thatcomment,saysMotheringJusticedirectorDanielleAtkinson,"wasmeanttoshame"andreliedonthefamiliarnotionthatawomanofcolorconcernedaboutincomeinequalityandprogramsthatpromotemobilitymustbydefinitionbeasinglemom,probablywithmultiplekids.Inthiscase,theMotheringJusticeactivisthappenedtobemarried.AndinmostcasesintheAmericaof2019,theimagesthatcometomindwhenwehearthewordspovertyorincomeinequalityfailmiserablyinreflectingacomplicatedreality:povertytouchesvirtuallyallofus.Thefaceofincomeinequality,forallbutaveryfewofus,istheoneweeachseeinthemirror.

F.HowmanyofusarepoorintheU.S.?Itdependsonwhoyouask.AccordingtotheCensusBureau,38millionpeopleintheU.S.arelivingbelowtheofficialpovertythresholds.Takingintoaccounteconomicneedbeyondthatabsolutemeasure,theInstituteforPolicyStudiesfoundthat140millionpeoplearepoororlow-income.That'salmosthalftheU.S.population.

G.Whateverthemeasure,withinthatmassivegroup,povertyisextremelydiverse.Weknowthatsomepeoplearemoreaffectedthanothers,likechildren,theelderly,peoplewithdisabilities,andpeopleofcolor.

H.Butthefactthat4in10Americanscan'tcomeupwith$400inanemergencyisacommonlycitedstatisticforgoodreason:economicinstabilitystretchesacrossrace,gender,andgeography.Itevenreachesintothemiddleclasses,asrealwageshave

stagnated

(不增長(zhǎng))forallbuttheverywealthyandtemporaryspellsoffinancialinstabilityarenotuncommon.

I.Negativeimagesremainofwhoislivinginpovertyaswellaswhatisneededtomoveoutofit.ThebigAmericanmythisthatyoucanpullyourselfupbyyourowneffortsandchangeabadsituationintoagoodone.Therealityisthatfindingopportunitywithouthelpfromfamilies,friends,schools,andcommunityisvirtuallyimpossible.Andtheplayingfieldisnothingclosetolevel.

J.TheFrameWorksInstitute,aresearchgroupthatfocusesonpublicframingofissues,hasstudiedwhatsustainsstereotypesandnarrativesofpovertyintheUnitedKingdom."Peoplevieweconomicsuccessandwellbeinginlifeasaproductofchoice,willpower,anddrive,"saysNatKendall-Taylor,CEOofFrameWorks."Whenweseepeoplewhoarestruggling,"hesays,thoseassumptions"leadustotheperceptionthatpeopleinpovertyarelazy,theydon'tcare,andtheyhaven'tmadetherightdecisions."

K.Doesthissoundfamiliar?SimilarideassurroundpovertyintheU.S.Andtheseassumptionsgiveafalsepictureofreality."Whenpeopleenterintothatpatternofthinking,"saysKendall-Taylor,"it'scognitivelycomfortabletomakesenseofissuesofpovertyinthatway.Itcreatesakindofcognitiveblindness—allofthefactorsexternaltoaperson'sdriveandchoicesthatthey'vemadebecomeinvisibleandfadefromview."

L.Thoseexternalfactorsincludethedifficultiesaccompanyinglow-wageworkorstructuraldiscriminationbasedonrace,gender,orability.Assumptionsgetworsewhenpeoplewhoarepoorusegovernmentbenefitstohelpthemsurvive.Thereisagreattensionbetween"thepoor"andthosewhoarereceivingwhathasbecomeadirtyword:"welfare."

M.AccordingtotheGeneralSocialSurvey,71percentofrespondentsbelievethecountryisspendingtoolittleon"assistancetothepoor."Ontheotherhand,22percentthinkwearespendingtoolittleon"welfare":37percentbelievewearespendingtoomuch.

N."Povertyhasbeeninterchangeablewithpeopleofcolor—specificallyblackwomenandblackmothers,"saysAtkinsonofMotheringJustice.It'struethatblackmothersaremoreaffectedbypovertythanmanyothergroups,yettheyaredisproportionatelythefaceofpoverty.Forexample,Americansroutinelyoverestimatetheshareofblackrecipientsofpublicassistanceprograms.

O.Inreality,mostpeoplewillexperiencesomeformoffinancialhardshipatsomepointintheirlives.Indeed,peopletendtodipinandoutofpoverty,perhapsduetounexpectedobstacleslikelosingajob,orwhenhoursofalow-wagejobfluctuate.

P.Somethingeachofuscandoistotreateachotherwiththedignityandsympathythatisdeservedandtounderstanddeeplythattheissueofpovertytouchesallofus.37、

Onelegislativestafferassumedthatawomanofcolorwhoadvocatedaffordablechildcaremustbeasinglemother.38、

Peoplefromdifferentraces,genders,andregionsallsufferfromalackoffinancialsecurity.39、

Accordingtoasurvey,whilethemajoritybelievetoolittleassistanceisgiventothepoor,morethanathirdbelievetoomuchisspentonwelfare.40、

AresearchgrouphasfoundthatAmericanswhoarestrugglingarethoughttobelazyandtohavemadethewrongdecisions.41、

UndertheoldsysteminAmerica,amotherwassupposedtostayhomeandtakecareofherchildren.42、

Itwasfoundthatnearly50%ofAmericansarepoororreceivelowpay.43、

Americansusuallyoverestimatethenumberofblacksreceivingwelfarebenefits.44、

ItisimpossibleforAmericanstoliftthemselvesoutofpovertyentirelyontheirown.45、

Nowadays,itseemsnoneofuscangetawayfromincomeinequality.46、

Assumptionsaboutpoorpeoplebecomeevenmorenegativewhentheyliveonwelfare.

SectionCDirections:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOneBoredomhas,paradoxically,becomequiteinterestingtoacademicslately.InearlyMay,London'sBoringConferencecelebratedsevenyearsofdelightingindullness.Atthisevent,peopleflockedtotalksaboutweather,trafficjams,andvending-machinesounds,amongothersleep-inducingtopics.

What,exactly,iseverybodystudying?Onewidelyacceptedpsychologicaldefinitionofboredomis"thedistastefulexperienceofwanting,butbeingunable,toengageinsatisfyingactivity."Buthowcanyouquantifyaperson'sboredomlevelandcompareitwithsomeoneelse's?In1986,psychologistsintroducedtheBoredomPronenessScale,designedtomeasureanindividual'soveralltendencytofeelbored.Bycontrast,theMultidimensionalStateBoredomScale,developedin2008,measuresaperson'sfeelingsofboredominagivensituation.

Boredomhasbeenlinkedtobehaviorissuesincludinginattentivedriving,mindlesssnacking,excessivedrinking,andaddictivegambling.Infact,manyofuswouldchoosepainoverboredom.Oneteamofpsychologistsdiscoveredthattwo-thirdsofmenandaquarterofwomenwouldratherself-administerelectricshocksthansitalonewiththeirthoughtsfor15minutes.Researchingthisphenomenon,anotherteamaskedvolunteerstowatchboring,sad,orneutralfilms,duringwhichtheycouldself-administerelectricshocks.Theboredvolunteersshockedthemselvesmoreandharderthanthesadorneutralonesdid.

Butboredomisn'tallbad.Byencouragingself-reflectionanddaydreaming,itcanspuractivity.Anearlystudygaveparticipantsabundanttimetocompleteproblem-solvingandword-associationexercises.Oncealltheobviousanswerswereexhausted,participantsgavemoreandmoreinventiveanswerstocombatboredom.ABritishstudytookthesefindingsonestepfurther,askingsubjectstocompleteacreativechallenge(comingupwithalistofalternativeusesforahouseholditem).Onegroupofsubjectsdidaboringactivityfirst,whiletheotherswentstraighttothecreativetask.Thosewhoseboredompumpshadbeenprimedweremoreproductive.

Inouralways-connectedworld,boredommaybeahard-to-definestate,butitisafertileone.Watchpaintdryorwaterboil,oratleastputawayyoursmartphoneforawhile,andyoumightunlockyournextbigidea.47、

Whenarepeoplelikelytoexperienceboredom,accordingtoanacceptedpsychologicaldefinition?______

A.Whentheydon'thavethechancetodowhattheywant.

B.Whentheydon'tenjoythematerialstheyarestudying.

C.Whentheyexperiencesomethingunpleasant.

D.Whentheyengageinsomeroutineactivities.48、

Whatdoestheauthorsayboredomcanleadto?______

A.Determination.

B.Concentration.

C.Mentaldeterioration.

D.Harmfulconduct.49、

Whatisthefindingofoneteamofpsychologistsintheirexperiment?______

A.Volunteerspreferwatchingaboringmovietosittingalonedeliberating.

B.Manyvolunteerschoosetohurtthemselvesratherthanendureboredom.

C.Malevolunteersaremoreimmunetotheeffectsofboredomthanfemales.

D.Manyvolunteersareunabletoresistboredomlongerthanfifteenminutes.50、

Whydoestheauthorsayboredomisn'tallbad?______

A.Itstimulatesmemorization.

B.Itallowstimeforrelaxation.

C.Itmaypromotecreativethinking.

D.Itmayfacilitateindependentlearning.51、

Whatdoestheauthorsuggestonedowhenfacedwithachallengingproblem?______

A.Stopidlingandthinkbig.

B.Unlockone'ssmartphone.

C.Lookaroundoneselfforstimulation.

D.Allowoneselfsometimetobebored.

PassageTwoForestsincountrieslikeBrazilandtheCongogetalotofattentionfromenvironmentalists,anditiseasytoseewhy.SouthAmericaandsub-SaharanAfricaareexperiencingdeforestationonanenormousscale:everyyearalmost5millionhectaresarelost.ButforestsarealsochanginginrichWesterncountries.Theyaregrowinglarger,bothinthesensethattheyoccupymorelandandthatthetreesinthemarebigger.Whatisgoingon?

ForestsarespreadinginalmostallWesterncountries,withthefastestgrowthinplacesthathistoricallyhadratherfewtrees.In199028%ofSpainwasforested;nowtheproportionis37%.InbothGreeceandItaly,thegrowthwasfrom26%to32%overthesameperiod.ForestsaregraduallytakingmorelandinAmericaandAustralia.PerhapsmostastonishingisthetrendinIreland.Roughly1%ofthatcountrywasforestedwhenitbecameindependentin1922.Nowforestscover11%oftheland,andthegovernmentwantstopushtheproportionto18%bythe2040s.

Twothingsarefertilisingthisgrowth.Thefirstistheabandonmentoffarmland,especiallyinhigh,dryplaceswherenothinggrowsterriblywell.Whenfarmersgiveuptryingtoearnalivingfromfarmingorherding,treessimplymovein.Thesecondisgovernmentpolicyandsubsidy.Throughouthistory,governmentshaveprotectedandpromotedforestsfordiversereasons,rangingfromtheneedforwoodenwarshipstoadesiretopromotesuburbanhouse-building.Nowadaysforestsareincreasinglywelcomebecausetheysuckincarbonpollutionfromtheair.Thejustificationschange;thedesireformoretreesremainsconstant.

ThegreeningoftheWestdoesnotdelighteveryone.Farmerscomplainthatlandisbeingtakenoutofusebygenerouslysubsidisedtreeplantations.PartsofSpainandPortugalsufferfromterribleforestfires.Otherssimplydisliketheappearanceofforestsplantedinneatrows.Theywillhavetogetusedtothetrees,however.ThegrowthofWesternforestsseemsalmostasunstoppableasdeforestationelsewhere.52、

Whatiscatchingenvironmentalists'attentionnowadays?______

A.Richcountriesarestrippingpooronesoftheirresources.

B.Forestsarefastshrinkinginmanydevelopingcountries.

C.Forestsareeatingawaythefertilefarmlandworldwide.

D.Richcountriesaredoinglittletoaddressdeforestation.53、

Whichcountrieshavethefastestforestgrowth?______

A.Thosethathavenewlyachievedindependence.

B.Thosethathavethegreatestdemandfortimber.

C.Thosethatusedtohavethelowestforestcoverage.

D.Thosethatprovideenormousgovernmentsubsidies.54、

Whathasencouragedforestgrowthhistorically?______

A.Thegovernment'sadvocacy.

B.Theuseofwoodforfuel.

C.Thefavourableclimate.

D.Thegreenmovement.55、

Whataccountsforourincreasingdesireforforests?______

A.Theiruniquescenicbeauty.

B.Theiruseasfruitplantations.

C.Theircapabilityofimprovingairquality.

D.Theirstablesupplyofbuildingmaterials.56、

Whatdoestheauthorconcludeabouttheprospectsofforestation?______

A.Desertsinsub-SaharanAfricawilldiminishgradually.

B.Itwillplayamoreandmoreimportantroleinpeople'slives.

C.Forestdestructioninthedevelopingworldwillquicklyslowdown.

D.Developedanddevelopingcountriesaremovinginoppositedirections.

PartⅣTranslationDirections:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.Youshouldwriteyouransweron

AnswerSheet2.57、春節(jié)前夕吃團(tuán)圓飯是中國(guó)人的傳統(tǒng)。團(tuán)圓飯是一年中最重要的晚餐，也是家庭團(tuán)聚的最佳時(shí)機(jī)，家人生活在不同地方的家庭尤其如此。團(tuán)圓飯上的菜肴豐富多樣，其中有些菜肴有特殊含義。例如，魚是不可缺少的一道菜，因?yàn)闈h語中的“魚”字和“余”字聽上去一樣。在中國(guó)的許多地方，餃子也是一道重要的佳肴，因?yàn)轱溩酉笳髦?cái)富和好運(yùn)。

答案:

PartⅠWriting

1、[范文]

ChangesintheWayofTransportation

Thankstotherapiddevelopmentofeconomyandinformationtechnology,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthewayoftransportation.Someconspicuouschangescanbelistedasfollows.

Tobeginwith,themobilephonecanactasa"ticket".Insteadofbuyingphysicaltickets,wecantakethebusorsubwaybyscanningtheQRcodeorsimplyswipingourmobilephones.What'smore,taxi-hailingapplicationslikeDidiemergeoneafteranother.Theseapplicationssaveusalargeamountoftimeandmoney,sincewedon'thavetospendalongtimewaitingforabusorfindingataxiandtheoptionofcarpoolingintheseapplicationsoftenoffersusdiscounts.Lastbutnotleast,greatchangeshavealsotakenplaceinthemeansandinfrastructureoftransportation.High-speedraildevelopsrapidlyandanincreasingnumberofairroutesareopened,whichgreatlyimprovesourtravelmodes.

Tosumup,thechangesinthewayoftransportationbringusgreatconvenienceandweshouldcherishandappreciatethem.Ibelievethattherewillbemorestrikingchangesinthefuture.[解析]

交通方式的變化

得益于經(jīng)濟(jì)和信息技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，交通方式發(fā)生了巨大的變化。一些顯著的變化列舉如下。

首先，手機(jī)可以充當(dāng)“車票”。我們不用購買實(shí)物車票，只需通過掃描二維碼或者簡(jiǎn)單地刷一下手機(jī)就可以乘坐公交車或地鐵。此外，像滴滴這樣的打車軟件相繼出現(xiàn)。這些軟件為我們節(jié)省了大量的時(shí)間和金錢，因?yàn)槲覀儾挥没ê荛L(zhǎng)的時(shí)間去等公交車或者找出租車，而且這些軟件中的拼車選項(xiàng)經(jīng)常為我們提供優(yōu)惠價(jià)。最后但同樣重要的是，交通工具和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施也發(fā)生了巨大的變化。高鐵迅速發(fā)展，越來越多的航線被開通，這些都極大地改善了我們的出行方式。

總之，交通方式的變化給我們帶來了極大的便利，我們應(yīng)該好好珍惜它們并心存感激。我相信，未來還會(huì)出現(xiàn)更多引人注目的變化。

1.Theseapplicationssaveusalargeamountoftimeandmoney,sincewedon'thavetospendalongtimewaitingforabusorfindingataxiandtheoptionofcarpoolingintheseapplicationsoftenoffersusdiscounts.

本句的主干為Theseapplicationssaveas...timeandmoney。since引導(dǎo)由and連接的兩個(gè)原因狀語從句，spendtimedoingsth.

意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，carpooling意為“拼車”。

2.High-speedraildevelopsrapidlyandanincreasingnumberofairroutesareopened,whichgreatlyimprovesourtravelmodes.

本句逗號(hào)前為主句，由and連接的兩個(gè)并列句組成；逗號(hào)后為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾前面整個(gè)句子。PartⅡListeningComprehension

SectionA

2、D[聽力原文]

Awaiterhasreturnedacheckworthnearly424,000dollarstoaretiredsocialworkerwholostit.ThewaiterfoundabankenvelopwhilecleaningoffatablelastSaturdayatrestaurant.Heranoutsidebutthecustomerwasgone.Heopenedtheenvelopandgotashock.Afteranunsuccessfulsearch,therestaurant'sownercalledthe

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forhelp.The"relieved"customerwasreunitedwithhercheckonWednesday.Itcontainedmoneyfromherapartmentsale,alreadyplannedforadownpaymentonanewhome.Thecustomerdidnottipthewaiterafterhermeal.Shetriedtogivehimmoneylateron,buthegraciouslydeclined.Thewaiter,who'sworkinghiswaythroughschool,didacceptthecustomer'sapologyandgratitudeandsaiditwashappytohavehelpedher.

Q:Whatdoesthenewsreportsayaboutthewaiter?

[解析]

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都以He為主語，且都是一般過去時(shí)的句子；其中兩項(xiàng)涉及不好的事情，可推斷本題考查某位男士過去發(fā)生的事情。聽到問題后應(yīng)立刻回憶所聽新聞內(nèi)容，確定He的指代對(duì)象，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)作答。

新聞第一句提到，一名服務(wù)員將一張價(jià)值近42.4萬美元的支票歸還給丟失支票的退休社工。由新聞內(nèi)容可知，這位服務(wù)員在最后沒有接受失主的資金酬謝。由此可知，這位服務(wù)員做了一件不同尋常的好事，選項(xiàng)D的說法與新聞內(nèi)容一致，故為正確答案。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C是發(fā)生在那名失主身上的事情，而非服務(wù)員，可排除。選項(xiàng)B是利用原文gotashock(大吃一驚)設(shè)置的干擾項(xiàng)，服務(wù)員看到信封里的錢感到“吃驚”而非“驚嚇”，sufferfromashock還可以表示“遭到電擊，被電了一下”，也與新聞內(nèi)容不符，故排除。3、C[聽力原文]

Q:Whatdidthecustomertrytodowhenshegothercheckback?

[解析]

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是動(dòng)詞短語，其中三項(xiàng)包含waiter，可推測(cè)本題考查某個(gè)人與服務(wù)員之間發(fā)生的事情。聽到問題后應(yīng)立刻回憶所聽新聞內(nèi)容，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)作答。

新聞結(jié)尾處提到，顧客拿到自己失而復(fù)得的支票后，試圖給這位服務(wù)員一些錢作為酬謝。選項(xiàng)C的說法與新聞內(nèi)容一致，故為正確答案。其余三項(xiàng)均與新聞內(nèi)容不符，故排除。4、A[聽力原文]

ThevillageofMarefinAlaskavotedonTuesdaytomovetothestate'sm