比例閥控制回路的安裝與調(diào)試InstallationandCommissioningofProportionalValveControlCircuits任務(wù)5Task5任務(wù)描述TaskDescription1比例控制閥是通過(guò)電液伺服系統(tǒng)中的放大元件，它把輸入的小功率電流信號(hào)，轉(zhuǎn)換并放大成液壓功率（負(fù)載壓力和負(fù)載流量）輸出，實(shí)現(xiàn)執(zhí)行元件的位移、速度、加速度及力的控制的閥。常用比例控制閥有哪幾種？在安裝時(shí)需要注意的事項(xiàng)有哪些？Proportionalcontrolvalvereferstothevalvethatconvertsthesmall-powerelectriccurrentinputintoamplifiedhydraulicpower(loadpressureandloadflow)outputbyamplifyingcomponentsinelectrohydraulicservosystem,inordertocontrolthedisplacement,speed,accelerationandforceofactuatingcomponents.Whatarethecommonlyusedproportionalcontrolvalves?Whataretheinstallationprecautions?比例控制閥的組成CompositionofProportionalControlValve2比例控制閥通常由電氣-機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)換裝置、液壓放大器和反饋機(jī)構(gòu)三部分組成。電氣-機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)換裝置用來(lái)將輸入的電信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為轉(zhuǎn)角或直線位移輸出，輸出轉(zhuǎn)角的裝置稱(chēng)為力矩馬達(dá)，直線位移的裝置稱(chēng)為力馬達(dá)。Proportionalcontrolvalvemainlyconsistsofthreeparts:electrical-mechanicalconverter,hydraulicamplifierandfeedbackmechanism.Theelectrical-mechanicalconverterconvertstheelectricsignalinputintocornerorlineardisplacementoutput;thecorneroutputdeviceisreferredtoasatorquemotor;andthelineardisplacementdeviceisreferredtoasaforcemotor.液壓放大器接受小功率的電氣-機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)換裝置輸入的轉(zhuǎn)角或直線位移信號(hào)，對(duì)大功率的壓力油進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)和分配，實(shí)現(xiàn)控制功率的轉(zhuǎn)換和放大。反饋和平衡機(jī)構(gòu)是電液伺服閥輸出的流量或壓力獲得與輸入電信號(hào)成比例的特性。Thehydraulicamplifierreceivesthesmall-powercornerorlineardisplacementsignalinputfromtheelectrical-mechanicalconverter,regulatesanddistributesthelarge-powerhydraulicfluid,therebyconvertingandamplifyingthecontrolpower.Thefeedbackandbalancemechanismisthatthefloworpressureoutputfromelectrohydraulicservovalveobtainsthecharacteristicsthatareproportionaltotheinputelectricsignal.比例調(diào)速閥的連接與調(diào)試ConnectionandCommissioningofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve31比例調(diào)速閥的連接ConnectionofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve將泵站電控箱內(nèi)手/自動(dòng)切換二位旋鈕開(kāi)關(guān)打到【手】，柱塞泵及葉片泵二位旋鈕開(kāi)關(guān)均打到【關(guān)】。Turnthemanual/autotwo-positionknobswitchinthepumpstationelectriccabinetinto[manual]position,andturntheplungerpumpandvanepumptwo-positionknobswitchto[Off]position.Figure4-5-1ControlHydraulicSchematicofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValveFigure4-5-2ManualControlWiringDiagramofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve比例調(diào)速閥的連接與調(diào)試ConnectionandCommissioningofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve32比例調(diào)速閥手動(dòng)控制實(shí)訓(xùn)PracticalTrainingforManualControlofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve給設(shè)備上電，按下控制屏面板上的【啟動(dòng)】按鈕，將泵站電控箱內(nèi)葉片泵二位旋鈕開(kāi)關(guān)打到【開(kāi)】，變量葉片泵啟動(dòng)，順時(shí)針調(diào)節(jié)直動(dòng)式溢流閥10手柄，調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)壓力至4MPa。系統(tǒng)壓力調(diào)定后，將其鎖緊螺母鎖緊。Powerontheequipment,pressthe[Start]buttononthecontrolpanel,turnthevanepumptwo-positionknobswitchinpumpstationelectriccabinetto[On]positiontostartthevariablevanepump,adjustthehandleofdirect-actingoverflowvalve10clockwise,andadjustthesystempressureto4MPa.Afterregulatedthesystempressure,lockupthelockingnut.Figure4-5-2ManualControlWiringDiagramofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve比例調(diào)速閥的連接與調(diào)試ConnectionandCommissioningofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve3將控制屏面板DC24V電源二位旋鈕開(kāi)關(guān)打到【開(kāi)】，DW-04比例調(diào)速閥控制模塊上的“反饋斷路”指示燈不亮，“手動(dòng)電壓輸入”指示燈亮，順時(shí)針調(diào)節(jié)“輸入設(shè)定”電位器旋鈕，至一定圈數(shù)，液壓馬達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，不斷調(diào)節(jié)電位器旋鈕，馬達(dá)速度不斷增大，逆時(shí)針調(diào)節(jié)電位器旋鈕，馬達(dá)速度不斷減小。實(shí)訓(xùn)完成后，逆時(shí)針調(diào)節(jié)DW-04電位器旋鈕至零位，拔下COM與K1之間的連接線，葉片泵、DC24V電源及AC220V電源二位旋鈕開(kāi)關(guān)打到【關(guān)】，按下控制屏面板上的【停止】按鈕。TurntheDC24Vpowersupplytwo-positionknobswitchoncontrolpanelto[On]position,the"feedbackbreak"indicatorontheDW-04proportionalspeedregulatingvalvecontrolmoduleislitup,andthe"manualvoltageinput"indicatorislitup;rotatethe"inputsetting"potentiometerknobclockwisebycertainturns,thehydraulicmotorstartstorotate;continuouslyadjustthepotentiometerknob,themotorspeedincreases;rotatethepotentiometerknobcounterclockwise,themotorspeedreducescontinuously.Afterthepracticaltraining,rotatetheDW-04potentiometerknobcounterclockwisetozeroposition,unplugtheconnectingwiresbetweenCOMandK1,turnthetwo-positionknobswitchesofvanepump,DC24VpowersupplyandAC220Vpowersupplyto[Off]positions,andpressthe[Stop]buttononthecontrolpanel.Figure4-5-2ManualControlWiringDiagramofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve比例調(diào)速閥的連接與調(diào)試ConnectionandCommissioningofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve33基于PLC的比例調(diào)速閥PID控制實(shí)訓(xùn)PracticalTrainingforPIDControlofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValveBasedonPLC給設(shè)備上電，按下控制屏面板上的【啟動(dòng)】按鈕，將對(duì)應(yīng)比例調(diào)速閥PID控制程序下載到相應(yīng)PLC中。將泵站電控箱內(nèi)葉片泵二位旋鈕開(kāi)關(guān)打到【開(kāi)】，變量葉片泵啟動(dòng)。分別按下SB2、SB3按鈕開(kāi)關(guān)設(shè)定液壓馬達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)速分別為50r/min，80r/min，觀察液壓馬達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)速變化情況，若不理想可進(jìn)行PID相關(guān)參數(shù)調(diào)節(jié)，SB1按鈕為轉(zhuǎn)速清零。實(shí)訓(xùn)結(jié)束后將葉片泵、DC24V電源及AC220V電源二位旋鈕開(kāi)關(guān)打到【關(guān)】，按下控制屏面板上的【停止】按鈕，拆下連接線完成項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)。Powerontheequipment,pressthe[Start]buttononthecontrolpanel,anddownloadcorrespondingproportionalspeedregulatingvalvePIDcontrolprogramintocorrespondingPLC.Turnthevanepumptwo-positionknobswitchinpumpstationelectriccabinetto[On]positiontostartthevariablevanepump.PresstheSB2andtheSB3buttonswitchestorespectivelysetthehydraulicmotorspeedto50r/minand80r/min,andobservethespeedchangeofhydraulicmotor;ifitisunfavorable,adjustrelevantparametersofPID;presstheSB1buttontoclearthespeed.Afterthepracticaltraining,turnthetwo-positionknobswitchesofvanepump,DC24VpowersupplyandAC220Vpowersupplyto[Off]positions,pressthe[Stop]buttononthecontrolpanel,andremovetheconnectingwirestofinishthepracticaltraining.Figure4-5-2ManualControlWiringDiagramofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve比例調(diào)速閥的連接與調(diào)試ConnectionandCommissioningofProportionalSpeedRegulatingValve3Figure4-5-3SiemensSystemPLCWiringDiagramFigure4-5-4SiemensSystemProp