2022年高考英語新材料傷真模抵押題卷

（江蘇專用）01

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡

皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完

每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboul?

A.Aplayground.B.Agym.C.Atennismatch.

【答案】B

（解析】W:Theplaceisreallyquitepopularforitsclimbingwall.Ilikethegymverymuch——agreatexercising

place.

M:Ihearditwillbuildanewtenniscourt.Alsosomechampiontennisplayerswouldcoachhere.

2.Howwillthespeakersgo?

A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.

【答案】A

（解析】W:Whydon'tyoudriveyourcar?Ihatewaitinghere.

M:Mymom'scarisbeingrepaired.Shewantstousemyvehicle.Letuswaitabitlongerforthenextbus.

3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodothisafternoon?

A.Playtennis.B.Watchaplay.C.Havelessons.

【答案】A

【解析】W:MyfatherinsistsIhavelessonsonSundaynight.

M:Herewchaveseveralhourstogo.Tilwaitfbryouinthetennisfieldatfour.Don'tbelate.

W:Youbet!

4.Whatisthegirldoing?

A.Tidyinguptheroom.B.Talkingonthephone.C.Hangingoutwithherfriends.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Lisa,pleasepickupyourthings.They5realloverthelivingroomfloor.

W:Inaminute,Dad.I'monthephone.

M:OK.Butdoitassoonasyouhangup.

5.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Owenhasn'tmadeadecision.

B.Owenhasachancetowin.

C.Owencan'tsucceed.

【答案】C

【解析】W:OwenisgoingtorunforthechairmanoftheStudentsUnion.

M:Really?Idon'tthinkhehasachanceatall.

W:Buthesaysheisboundtobesuccessful.

M:Well,youknowhealwayslikestalkingbig.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最

佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘

的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答6?7小題。

6.Whyisthewomanbringingasuit?

A.1bgiveittohersister.

B.Towearitforameeting.

C.Touseitagainstthecold.

7.Wheredidthewoman'sfatherbuythemask?

A.InNewYork.B.InMexicoCity.C.InTokyo.

【答案】BA

（解析】M:WhyareyoubringingasweatertoMexicoCity?Ifssummerthere.

W:Il'susuallyhotinthedaybutsometimesatnightitgetscold.

M:Oh...Well,whataboutthesuit?

W:IhaveabigmeetingonTuesday.ButafterTuesday,it'svacationtime!

M:Whoareallthegiftsfor?

W:Oh,myfamilylivesinMexicoCitysoI'mbringingthemsomesouvenirsfromNewYork.

M:And,who'stheYankeecapfor?

W:It'sforDella,mysister.

M:Whataboutthismask?

W:Thatbelongstomydad.It'sasouvenirfromhisNewYorkvisit,butheforgotit.Igothimanotherpresent—a

dogwhistleIboughthiminTokyo.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答8?9小題。

8.Whatistheman?

A.Awebdesigner.B.Aproductplanner.C.Adiamondsalesman.

9.Whafstherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Strangers.

【答案】AC

【解析】W:Excuseme.Isthisseattaken?

M:Oh.no.Goahead.

W:Thankyou.Bytheway,myname'sPaulaMoore.

M:Nicetomeetyou,Paula.TmMikeJones.

W:Nicetomeetyou,too.Whatdoyoudo,Mike?

M:I'mwithDiamondTechnologies.Vmawebdesigner,andyou?

W:TminIT,too.I'maproductplannerforPaxtonComputer.Here...Letmegiveyoumycard.

M:Thanksalot.Here'smine.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答10?12小題。

10.WhydidLynnmeettheman?

A.Shewantedtorepairtheradio.

B.Shewantedtobuyacar.

C.Shewantedtohaveatrip.

11.Whichpartofthecarfunctionswell?

A.Theheater.B.Theradio.C.Theairconditioner.

12.WhatdoesLynnworryaboutthecar?

A.Somethingelsemightbebroken.

B.Thepriceistoohigh.

C.Itisunsuitablefortrip.

【答案】BCA

【解析】W:Hi,arcyouDon?I'mLynn.IsawtheadvertisementyouputontheInternetaboutsellingyourcar.

M:Hi,Lynn.Nicetomeetyou.Thanksforyourinterest.Here'smycar.It'sa2006HondaCivic.Itookalotof

roadtripsinit!Itisnotperfect,butitissafetodriveandithasnewtires.

W:Isanythingbroken?

M:Theradioisbrokenandtheheaterisbroken,buttheairconditionerworkswell.

W:Ithinkyoushouldlowerthepricebecausetheradioandtheheaterarebroken.Ifyoudon'tlowertheprice,I

don'tthinkIwanttobuyit.

M:Sorry,butI'mnotloweringtheprice.It'saverysafecar,eveniftheradioisbroken.Wouldyouliketodrive

thecarsoyoucanseeifyoulikeit?

W:No,thankyou.IamwoiTiedsomethingelseisbrokentoo.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答1376小題。

13.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Monday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.

14.Whatdoesthemanneedhelpwith?

A.Writingapaper.B.Studyingforanexam.C.Preparingforaplay.

15.Whatdidthewomandolastterm?

A.Shewroteherownplay.

B.ShetookHistoryofTheatre.

C.ShetookacourseallaboutShakespeare.

16.Whatwillthewomangivetheman?

A.Hernotes.B.Abook.C.Aticket.

【答案】BABA

【角軍析】M:Tvebeenstaringatthisassignmentfbrtwohours,butIstillcarTtfigureouthowIshouldstart.

W:Maybeit'stimetotakeabreakanddosomethingelse.

M:Well,that'swhatI'vebeendoingallweek.Thispaperisduetomorrow,andI'veknownaboutitsinceMonday.

W:IfyouhaveapaperdueonFriday,whyonearthwouldyouwaituntilthenightbeforetostartit?

M:Comeon,Tmaskingyouforhelphere!

W:OK,OK.Here'swhatIdowhenIhavetowriteapaper:IthinkofatopicthatinterestsmeandthatIthinkI

canwriteabouteasily...youknow,somethingthatIknowathingortwoabout.

M:Well,doyouknowanythingaboutShakespeare?Becausethat'swhoI'msupposedtowriteabout.

W:You'reinluck.ItookHistoryofTheatrelastterm,andwedidawholeweekonShakespeare.

M:Cool!

W:Iprobablyhavemynoteslyingaroundheresomewhere.MaybetheyUlinspireyoutowriteyourownplayor

something...

聽下面一段獨白，回答17~20小題。

17.HowmanyplaysdidPinterwriteforthetheatre?

A.27.B.28.C.29.

18.WherewasTheBirthdayPartyperformedonApril28,1958?

A.AttheLyricTheatre.

B.AttheArtsTheatre.

C.AttheCambridgeTheatre.

19.WhoisStanleyWebber?

A.Apianoplayer.B.Anovelist.C.Anactor.

20.HowoldwasHaroldPinterwhenhedied?

A.50yearsold.B.62yearsold.C.78yearsold.

【答案】CBAC

【解析】M:OneofBritain'smostfamousmodemwritersisHaroldPinter.Bornin1930,Pinterwrote29playsfor

thetheatreand27screenplaysforthecinema,aswellasmanyradioandtelevisionplays.Oneofhisbest-known

playsisTheBirthdayParty.TheBirthdayParty,thefirstfull-lengthplayPinterwrote,haditsworldpremiereat

theArtsTheatre,inCambridge,England,onthe28thofApril,1958.Althoughtheplaywasinitiallywellreceived,

whenitopenedinLondonafewweekslateronthe19thofMay,itwasacommercialandcriticalfailure,closing

afteronlyeightperformances.However,afewdayslater,oneofthecountry'smostfamouscriticswrote

extremelypositivelyabouttheplayinaSundaynewspaper,helpingtomakeitoneofthemostfamousplaysever.

TheBirthdayPartyisaboutStanleyWebber,apianoplayerinhis30s,wholivesinanEnglishseasidetown,

nottoofarfromLondonTwostrangers,GoldbergandMcCann,arriveonhisbirthday,turninghisbirthdayparty

intoanightmare.HaroldPinterpresentedaspecialanniversaryperformanceoftheplayatLondon'sLyricTheatre

onthe19thofMay,2008,exactly50yearsafteritsLondonpremiere.Pinterdiedlaterthesameyearonthe24th

ofDecember.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題:每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Lookingforacoolnewbookthisseason?TFKKidReportersreadandreviewedsomeofthebestbooksof

theyear.

YusufAzeemisNotaHero

YusufAzeemishopingtohaveagreatfirstyearinmiddleschool.Standinginhiswayarethehatenotesleft

inhislockerandhisstruggletofindhisplaceinanewcommunity.YusufAzeemIsNotaHero,bySaadiaFaruqi,

willappealtoreaderswholikestoriesabouteverydaykidsovercomingchallengesandfindinginnerstrength.

BlackBoyJoy

TheshortstoriesinBlackBoyJoy,editedbyKwameMbalia,celebratethepleasuresofBlackchildhood.

Therearealsostoriesaboutvictories,competitions,andgettingdressedfortheirfirstdayofschool.Mostareshort,

withsimpleplots.Peoplewhoenjoybite-sizestoriesofhappinesswilllikethiscollection.

ParadiseonFire

InParadiseonFire,byJewellParkerRhodes,Addyisashy,15-year-oldgirlwhoescapedfromanapartment

firethatkilledherparents.Whenafirebreaksoutatthewildernesscamp,Addyknowswhattodo.WillAddybe

abletoleadherfellowcamperstosafety?Readerswilllovethemixofsuspense,action,andemotioninthisbook.

Chunky

ChunkywaswrittenbyYehudiMercado.Inthebook,Huditriessports,which,however,takehimawayfrom

whathe'strulypassionateabout:comedy.Hisimaginaryfriend,Chunky,appearsthroughoutthestorytohelp

Hudiachievehisdreams.Chunkyisagreatbookforkidswhowanttoreadaboutfriendship,family,andtryto

findwheretheymightfitin.

21.Whichofthefollowingtellsabouthappychildhood?

A.YusufAzeemisNotaHero.B.BlackBoyJoy.

C.ParadiseonFire.D.Chunky.

22.WhatisthebookbyJewellParkerRhodesabout?

A.Agirltryingtoescapefromdanger.B.Aboysufferingatschool.

C.AboyparticipatinginasummercampD.Agirltakinganinterestincomedy.

23.WhoisChunkyinthebook?

A.Acomedian.B.Hudi'sclassmate.

C.Ashyboy.D.Anunrealfriend.

【答案】BAD

【解析】這是?篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四本兒童書的情況，包括作者、故事梗概等。

21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BlackBoyJoy部分中“TheshortstoriesinBlackBoyJoy,editedbyKwameMbalia,

celebratethepleasuresofBlackchildhood/KwameMbalia編輯的短篇小說BlackBoyJoy歌頌了黑人童年的

快樂廠可知，BlackBoyJoy講述了快樂的童年。故選B。

22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“InParadiseonFire,byJewellParkerRhodes,Addyisashy,15-year-old

girlwhoescapedfromanapartmentfirethatkilledherparents.（在JewellParkerRhodes的《著火的天堂》一書

中，愛迪是一個害羞的15歲女孩，她從一場導致父母死亡的公寓火災中逃脫）“可知，JewellParkerRhodes

寫的書是關于一個試圖逃離危險的女孩的。故選A。

23.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Hisimaginaryfriend.Chunky,appearsthroughoutthestorytohelpHudi

achievehisdreams.（他的假想朋友Chunky貫穿整個故事，幫助Hudi實現(xiàn)他的夢想）“可知，書中Chunky是

一個不真實的朋友。故選D。

B

CrewmembersofChina'sShenzhouXIIImissionarescheduledtogivealivelectureonThursdayafternoon

fromtheorbitingTiangongspacestationtostudentsaroundtheworld,theChinaMannedSpaceAgencysaidon

Monday.

Thethreetaikonauts—MajorGeneralZhaiZhigang,SeniorColonelWangYapingandSeniorColonelYe

Guangfuwillshowviewershowtheyliveandworkinsidethespacestationandwillthencarryoutexperimentsto

displayinterestingphysicalphenomenainspacesuchas^disappearingbuoyancy^^anda“waterball”.Theywill

alsoanswerviewers'questionsattheendofthelivestreamedevent,theagencysaid.

Theactivityisintendedtospreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflightsandigniteenthusiasmforscience

amongyoungpeople.Thetaikonauts“sincerelyinviteyoungviewerstoconductsimilarexperimentsalongwith

themtoobservethephysicaldisparitiesbetweenspaceandlandenvironmentstoexperiencethefunof

exploration”,theagencysaid.

Theagencysaidlastweekthatthe,lecture“willmarkthelaunchoftheTiangongClass,China'sfirst

extraterrestriallectureseriestopopularizespacescience^^.Itaddedthatsuchlectureswillbebasedonthe

country'smannedspaceflightsandwillbepresentedbytaikonauts.Featuringinteractiveteaching,theactivities

willbemainlytargetedatyoungstersasthestudentsonthegroundwereabletocommunicatewiththethree

taikonautsinrealtimeduringtheclass.

TheShenzhouXIIImissionwaslaunchedonOct16byaLongMarch2Fcarrierrocketthatblastedofffrom

theJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinnorthwesternChina'sGobiDesert,withthecrewsoonenteringthe

Tiangongstation.Theyarescheduledtospendsixmonthsworkinginthestation,makingitChina'slongest

mannedspacemission.

Theagencysaidthatasanationalspace-basedlaboratory,Tiangongisalsotaskedwithpromotingand

propagatingscienceandtechnologyknowledge.Theorbitingoutposthasabundant,uniqueeducationalresources

andboastsadvantageswhenitcomestoencouragingthepublic,especiallyyoungpeopletoembracescienceand

spaceexploration,itsaid.

24.Howmanypartsdoesthelectureinclude?

A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disparities"inParagraphsmean?

A.inequalities.B.differences.C.complications.D.phenomena.

26.What'sthebiggestcharacteristicofthelecture?

A.Hands-on.B.Student-oriented.C.Experiment-focused.D.Interactive.

27.WhichcanbeinfeiTedfromthetext?

A.Tiangongcanbecomealong-termclassroominspace.

B.Allthespace-basedexperimentscanbedoneonearth.

C.TheShenzhouXIIImannedspacemissionisChina'slongest.

D.Thelectureisdesignedtosparkyouths'enthusiasmforscience.

【答案】CBDA

【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。中國載人航天局周一表示，周四下午，神舟十三號任務的機組人員將在天宮

空間站為世界各地的學生進行現(xiàn)場演講。文章介紹了演講的內容、活動的目的以及重要意義。

24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thethreetaikonauts—MajorGeneralZhaiZhigang,SeniorColonelWangYaping

andSeniorColonelYeGuangfuwillshowviewershowtheyliveandworkinsidethespacestationandwillthen

carryoutexperimentstodisplayinterestingphysicalphenomenainspacesuchas"disappearingbuoyancy^^anda

“waterball”.Theywillalsoanswerviewers'questionsattheendofthelivestreamedevent,theagencysaid.（翟志

剛少將、王亞平大校和葉光福大校將向觀眾展示他們在空間站內的生活和工作，然后將進行實驗，展示太

空中有趣的物理現(xiàn)象，如“消失的浮力”和“水球:該機構表示，他們還將在直播活動結束時回答觀眾的問

題戶可知，演講包括三個部分。故選C。

25.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“betweenspaceandlandenvironmentstoexperiencethefunofexploration^^

可知宇航員們“真誠地邀請年輕觀眾和他們一起進行類似的實驗，觀察太空和陸地環(huán)境的物理差異，體驗

探索的樂趣”劃線詞意思是"差異A.inequalities.不平等；B.differences.差異；C.complications.復雜化；

D.phenomena.現(xiàn)象。故選B。

26.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)侄ij數(shù)第三段中“Featuringinteractiveteaching,theactivitieswillbemainlytargetedat

youngstersasthestudentsonthegroundwereabletocommunicatewiththethreetaikonautsinrealtimeduring

theclass.（互動教學，活動將主要針對青少年，因為地面上的學生可以在課堂上與三位宇航員實時交流）”可

知，這堂課最大的特點是互動性。故選D。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theagencysaidthatasanationalspace-basedlaboratory,Tiangongisalso

taskedwithpromotingandpropagatingscienceandtechnologyknowledge.Theorbitingoutposthasabundant,

uniqueeducationalresourcesandboastsadvantageswhenitcomestoencouragingthepublic,especiallyyoung

peopletoembracescienceandspaceexploration,itsaid.（該機構表示，作為國家天基實驗室，天宮還肩負著促

進和傳播科學技術知識的任務。聲明稱，這個軌道前哨站擁有豐富、獨特的教育資源，在鼓勵公眾，尤其

是年輕人擁抱科學和空間探索方面具有優(yōu)勢）''可推知，天宮可以作為長期的太空教室。故選A。

C

Haveyouevernoticedthatsomepeoplecaneatwhattheywantandstayinshape,whileotherscarefully

watchwhattheyeatandstillputonweight?Howfrustrating!However,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethat

somepeoplegettheabilitytostaythinfromtheirparents.

Scientistssaythatwhensomepeopleeat,theirbodieswillnaturallystoretheexcessenergyfromfoodasfat.

Thesepeoplegainweightiftheyeatmorethantheyneedeachday.Meanwhile,otherpeopleeatmorethanthey

needbuttheirbodiesareableto“bumoff“theextrafoodwithoutmakingfat,sotheyrarelyhaveweight

problems.

Toshowthatthisistrue,scientistshaveexperimentedonlaboratorymice.Theygavethemiceaspecialdiet

withalotoffat.Somemicegainedweightwhiletheothermicestayedthin,eventhoughbothgroupsofmiceate

thesameamountoffoodandgotthesameamountofexercise.Scientistsconcludedthatweightgainseemedtobe

influencedbygeneticfactors.Theyalsobelievetheyhavenowidentifiedthegenesthatmaycausethistendency.

Thesegenes,accordingtothescientists,getpasseddownthegenerations.Armedwiththisknowledge,they

believeitmaybepossibletodevelopmedicinesthatcantargetthegenesandstoppeoplefromgainingweight.

Thestudyofweightgainisbecomingmoreimportantasthenumberofpeoplewhoareoverweightcontinues

togrow.IntheUnitedStates,overseventypercentofthepopulationhaveweightproblems.Thismeanstheyareat

riskofillnesssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.

Cuirentmedicinesforweightcontroldonotworkverywellbecausetheycanhaveserioussideeffects,such

asheartproblems.However,ittakesalongtimetodevelopandthoroughlytestnewdrugs.Therefore,despitethis

breakthroughinthestudyofweight-lossdrugs,scientistsandhealthprofessionalsallagreethatcurrentlythebest

waytocontrolweightgainistohaveahealthy,balanceddietandanactivelifestylewithdailyexercise.Thiswill

notonlyhelppeopleavoidbecomingoverweight,butalsohelpthemstayhealthyandenergetic.

28.Accordingtothescientists,whydosomepeoplegainweighteasily?

A.Becausetheirgenescausethetendency.

B.Becausetheirbodiesdonotmakefat.

C.Becausetheirbodiesstoreenergyfromfoodasfat.

D.Becausetheyeatmorethantheyneedeachday.

29.Whatdoweknowabouttheexperiment?

A.Theydidtheexperimenttofindthegenethatstoppeoplefromgainingweight.

B.Theydidtheexperimenttofindthereasonwhypeoplegainweight.

C.Theydidtheexperimenttoshowtheimportanceofhealthyfood.

D.Theydidtheexperimenttoshowtheimportanceofregularexercise.

30.Whatmayleadtohighbloodpressureaccordingtothestudy?

A.Thebalanceddiet.B.Theweightproblems.

C.Thelackofexercise.D.Thelackofdrugs.

31.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraphofthetext?

A.Toinformusofserioussideeffectsoftheweight-lossdrugs.

B.Tointroduceabreakthroughoftheweight-lossdrugs.

C.Toadviseustodevelopahealthylifestyle.

D.Toencourageustodevelopandtestnewdrugs.

【答案】ABBC

【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要研究人們增長體重的原因并建議我們養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式。

28.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Scientistsconcludedthatweightgainseemedtobeinfluencedbygeneticfactors.

Theyalsobelievetheyhavenowidentifiedthegenesthatmaycausethistendency.（科學家得出結論，體重增

加似乎受到遺傳因素的影響。他們還認為，他們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)確定了可能導致這種趨勢的基因）“可知，體重增

加是受到了遺傳因素的影響。故推知有些人容易增加體重是因為他們的基因造成這種趨勢。故選A。

29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Scientistssaythatwhensomepeopleeat,theirbodieswillnaturallystorethe

excessenergyfromfoodasfat.Thesepeoplegainweightiftheyeatmorethantheyneedeachday.Meanwhile,

otherpeopleeatmorethantheyneedbuttheirbodiesareableto“bumoff“theextrafoodwithoutmakingfat,so

theyrarelyhaveweightproblems.（科學家說，當有些人進食時，他們的身體會自然地將食物中多余的能量儲

存為脂肪。如果這些人每天吃得比他們需要的多，他們就會增加體重。與此同時，其他人吃得比他們需要

的多，但他們的身體能夠在不產(chǎn)生脂肪的情況下燃燒掉多余的食物，所以他們很少出現(xiàn)體重問題。）”及第

三段“Toshowthatthisistrue,scientistshaveexperimentedonlaboratoiymice.（為了證明這是真的，科學家們

在實驗室小鼠身上進行了實驗。）“可知，科學家為了尋找人們增加體重的原因，證明自己的判斷是正確的，

做了這個實驗。故選B。

30.細節(jié)理角軍題。根據(jù)第四段“IntheUnitedStates,overseventypercentofthepopulationhaveweightproblems.

Thismeanstheyareatriskofillnesssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.（在美國，超過百分之七十的

人口有體重問題。這意味著他們有患高血壓和心臟病等疾病的風險）“可知，體重問題會導致高血壓。故選

Bo

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Therefbre,despitethisbreakthroughinthestudyofweight-lossdrugs,scientists

andhealthprofessionalsallagreethatcurrentlythebestwaytocontrolweightgainistohaveahealthy,balanced

dietandanactivelifestylewithdailyexercise.Thiswillnotonlyhelppeopleavoidbecomingoverweight,butalso

helpthemstayhealthyandenergetic.（因此，盡管減肥藥物的研究取得了突破，但科學家和衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人員都

同意目前控制體重增加的最佳方法是擁有健康，均衡的飲食和積極的生活方式和日常鍛煉。這不僅可以幫

助人們避免超重，還可以幫助他們保持健康和精力充沛）“可知，科學家們認為均衡的飲食和積極的生活方

式和日常鍛煉是保持健康的最佳方式。由此推知，最后一段的目的是建議我們養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式。故選

Co

D

Thinkbacktowhenyouwereinamathsclassroom,andtheteachersetadifficultproblem.Whichofthetwo

followingresponsesisclosertothewayyoureacted?

A:Ohno,thisistoohardforme.Tmnotevengoingtoseriouslytryandworkitout.

B:Ah,thisisquitetricky,butIliketopushmyself.EvenifIdon'tgettheanswerright,maybeFillearn

somethingintheattempt.

Earlyinhercareer,thepsychologistCarolDweckofStanfordUniversitygaveagroupoften-year-olds

problemsthatwereslightlytoohardforthem.Onegroupreactedpositivelyandlovedthechallenge.Shesaysthey

hada"growthmindset'andarefocusedonwhattheycanachieveinthefuture.Butanothergroupofchildrenfelt

thattheirintelligencewasbeingjudgedandtheyhadfailed.Theyhada'fixedmindset7andwereunableto

imagineimproving.Someofthemlookedforsomeonewhohaddoneworsethanthemtoboosttheirself-esteem.

ProfessorDweckbelievesthatthereisaproblemineducationatthemoment.Foryears,childrenhavebeen

praisedfortheirintelligenceortalent,butthismakesthemvulnerable（脆弱的）tofailure.Theybecome

performance-oriented,wantingtopleasebygettinghighgrades,buttheyarenotinterestedinlearningforitsown

sake.Thesolution,accordingtoDweck,istoleadthemtobecomemastery-oriented（i.e.,interestedingetting

betteratsomething）.Sheclaimsthattheever-lastingeffortovertimeisthekeytooutstandingachievement.

Psychologistshavebeentestingthesetheories.UnderperformingschoolchildrenonaNativeAmerican

reservationwereexposedtogrowthmindsettechniquesforayear.Theresultswerenothinglessthanincredible.

Theycametopinregionaltests,beatingchildrenfrommuchmoreprivilegedbackgrounds.Thesechildrenhad

previouslyfeltthatmakinganeffortwasasignofstupidity,buttheycametoseeitasthekeytolearning.

32.Whatcanwelearnaboutapersonifhisansweriscloserto"B”?

A.Heisperformance-oriented.

B.Hetendstosetlimitstohislife.

C.Heenjoystheprocessandfocusesonthefuture.

D.Heboostshisself-esteembycomparingwithothers.

33.WhichofthefollowingsuggestionswillProfessorDweckgivetoparentsandteachers?

A.Torewardchildrenfbrtheirhighgrades.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofintelligence.

C.Toignoretheresultbroughtbyfailure.D.Topraisechildrenfortheirengagementintheprocess.

34.Whatdoes“Thesechildren^^inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Childrenshowingnointerestinlearning.

B.Childrenwhousefixedmindsettechniques.

C.Childrenfrommuchmoreprivilegedbackgrounds.

D.UnderperformingschoolchildrenonaNativeAmericanreservation.

35.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?

A.Todistinguishgrowthmindsetandfixedmindset.

B.Toinformreadersoftheimportanceofgrowthmindset.

C.Toshowseveralpsychologicalstudyresults.

D.Topointoutaproblemineducationatthemoment.

【答案】CDDA

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過舉例“對同一個問題的不同反應”來引出主題——成長心態(tài)和固定心

態(tài)。引用了心理學家們的理論和實驗結果來對成長心態(tài)和固定心態(tài)進行區(qū)別，并且側重了成長心態(tài)的重要

性。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“B:Ah,thisisquitetricky,butIliketopushmyself.EvenifIdon'tgettheanswer

right,maybeI'lllearnsomethingintheattempt.（B：HF?[,這有點棘手,但是我喜歡逼一下自己。即使我沒有得

到正確的答案，也許我會在嘗試中學到一些東西。）“可知，B答案的同學會積極地面對問題，并且嘗試從

中學習到一些東西，這是一種積極的反應；結合第四段“Earlyinhercareer,thepsychologistCarolDweckof

StanfordUniversitygaveagroupoften-year-oldsproblemsthatwereslightlytoohardforthem.Onegroup

reactedpositivelyandlovedthechallenge.Shesaystheyhada'growthmindset,andarefocusedonwhattheycan

achieveinthefuture.（斯坦福大學（StanfordUniversity）的心理學家卡羅爾?德韋克（CarolDweck）在她職業(yè)生涯

的早期給一組10歲的孩子提出了一些對他們來說稍微太難的問題。其中一組反應積極，喜歡這項挑戰(zhàn)。

她說，他們有一種“成長心態(tài)”，專注于未來能取得的成就。）“可知，對于困難的問題能做出積極反應的孩

子會享受這個過程，關注未來。所以一個人的答案接近B答案的話，那么他會享受這個過程，關注未來。

故選C。

33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ProfessorDweckbelievesthatthereisaproblemineducationatthemoment.

Foryears,childrenhavebeenpraisedfortheirintelligenceortalent,butthismakesthemvulnerable（脆弱的）to

failure.Thesolution,accordingtoDweck,istoleadthemtobecomemastery-oriented（i.e.,interestedingetting

betteratsomething）.Sheclaimsthattheever-lastingeffortovertimeisthekeytooutstandingachievement.（德韋

克教授認為，目前的教育存在問題。多年來，孩子們一直因他們的智力或天賦而受到贊揚，但這使他們很

容易失敗。他們變得以表現(xiàn)為導向，想通過取得高分來取悅他人，但他們對學習本身不感興趣。根據(jù)Dweck

的說法，解決方法是引導他們成為以掌握為導向的人（也就是說，有興趣在某件事上做得更好）。她認為，

長期不懈的努力是取得卓越成就的關鍵。）“可知，Dweck教授認為掌握一件事是非常重要的，并且要長期

堅持不懈地努力，由此可推知，她給到父母和老師的建議是表揚孩子們在這個過程中的參與。故選D。

34.指代猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段"Psychologistshavebeentestingthesetheories.Underperformingschool

childrenonaNativeAmericanreservationwereexposedtogrowthmindsettechniquesforayear.Theresultswere

nothinglessthanincredible.Theycametopinregionaltests,beatingchildrenfrommuchmoreprivileged

backgrounds.Thesechildrenhadpreviouslyfeltthatmakinganeffortwasasignofstupidity,buttheycametosee

itasthekeytolearning.（心理學家一直在測試這些理論。在美國印第安人保留地，表現(xiàn)不佳的學生接觸了一

年的成長心態(tài)技術。結果簡直令人難以置信。