Unit4NaturalDisastersReadingandThinking1PairworkWorkinpairs.Discusswhatwouldhappentoacityduringabigearthquake.Acitywouldbedamaged;Thousandsofbuildingswerefallingapart.Peoplewouldpanicandgetseverelyinjured;...Prediction2Lookatthetitleandphotobelowandguesswhatthetextisabout.Thenreadandcheckifyouareright.Thetextisaboutearthquakepersonification(擬人)What’sthemainideaofeachparagraph?

Whilereading:ReadformainideaStrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forseveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsideofthecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity'sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackeswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbitquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Buthopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.Readthepassagequickly.Findthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.tips:StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forseveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsideofthecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity'sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackeswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbitquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.para.1:Warningsignsbeforetheearthquakespara.2:The________ofthebigearthquakepara.3:Theimmediate_____oftheearthquake.happeningeffects

Buthopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.para.4:The_______work.para.5:The

_______ofthecity.rescuerevival

Para.1:warningsignsbeforetheearthquakesPara.2:thehappeningofthebigearthquake.Para.3:theimmediateeffectsoftheearthquake.Para.4:therescueworkPara.5:therevivalofthecity.Part2:damageduringthe earthquake

Part3:rescueandrevival aftertheearthquakePart1:signsbefore theearthquakeWhile-reading

Whilereading:ReadformainideaThetextisorganizedin________order.timeHowmanypartscanthepassagebedividedinto?Part1:thesignsbeforetheearthquakeStrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forseveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlights

wereseenintheskyoutsideofthecityofTangshanand

loudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity'sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.

Whilereading:ReadfordetailsWhatwerethestrangethingsthatwerehappeningbeforetheearthquake?water

wellwalls.ChickensandevenpigsdogsMicefishbrightlightsloudnoiseswarningunawareunpreparedasleepHowdidpeoplefeel?3:42am

Thequakeevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit.

Ahugecrackwas8kilometreslongandthirtymetreswide

TwothirdsofthepeopleinTangshandiedorwereinjured.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.

75%ofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.

Tensofthousandsof,hundredsofthousandsof,millionsof……3:43amWhathappen

inlessthanoneminute?Part2:Thedamage

duringtheearthquakeAt3:42am,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackeswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbitquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Whydidthewriterusesomanynumbers

inthetext?1.toshowtheearthquakewasvery______andit__________________topeopleandthecity.2.tomakethearticlemore____________and___________.seriouscausedhugedamageconvincingshockingPart2:Thedamage

duringtheearthquakeAt3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackeswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbitquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.

Whilereading:ReadfordetailsHowdidpeoplefeel?inshockinpanicindespairPart3:Therescueandtherevival

aftertheearthquake.

Buthopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomes

hadbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.

Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltuponthe

earthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.hopefulpositivespiritedcomebacktolifeorrecover

Whilereading:ReadfordetailsWhocametotherescue?Whatdidtheydo?Howdidpeoplefeel??signsdamagerescue&revival———|——————|——————|———→before…during…

after…

Finishyourmindmap.

Retellthestoryaccordingtothemindmap(assignmentafterclass).thechangeofpeople’sfeelingsunawareshockedhopelesshopefulThenighttheearthdidn’tsleep.(title)Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.(L2)Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.（L12）

Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.(L20)Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.(L37)

Whilereading:Readforwritingstyleandlanguagefeatures1.Explorethefigureofspeech（修辭格)inthefollowingsentences.personification(擬人)repetition(反復(fù))simile(明喻)personification(擬人)metaphor(暗喻)Function:

tomakethedescription__________________________.morevividandexpressiveLiterary

thefeaturesof

literaryjournalism（文學(xué)新聞）AccurateDocumentaryLiteraryThefeaturesoflanguage

Post-reading:Discussion

WhatcanwelearnfromtheearthquakeinTangshan?(beforethedisaster;whenfacingthedisaster;after...)Disastersare___________.Ignorancemightbe______.Lifeis_____.Butifpeople_______,disasterscanbe________.powerfuldeadlyweakunifydefeatedPowerofHumanPowerofnatureLivetotell:RaisingAwareness,ReducingMortality.

——UnitedNationsInternationalStratagyforDisasterReduction(2016)用生命呼吁：增強減災(zāi)意識，減少人員傷亡。

——聯(lián)合國國際減災(zāi)戰(zhàn)略（2016）Themorepeople,themorestrength.

眾人拾柴火焰高。Unionisstrength.團結(jié)就是力量。Keywords1.shock/??k/n.震驚；驚愕

inshock

處于極度震驚的狀態(tài)e.g.Thenewsofmypromotioncameasashock.

我獲晉升的消息著實讓我一驚。v.使震驚；使驚愕

~sb(todosth)e.g.Iwasshockedtohearthathehadresigned.

聽到他辭職的消息，我深感意外。

shockingadj.令人氣憤的；惹人憎惡的

~behavior/news

駭人聽聞的行為/令人震驚的消息Keywords2.breathe/bri?e/v.呼吸

breathein/out

吸氣/呼氣

breathe(easily/freely)again

平靜下來；松一口氣e.g.Theairwassocoldwecouldhardlybreathe.

空氣非常寒冷，我們難以呼吸。

breath/breθ/n.呼吸的空氣

takeadeepbreath

深吸一口氣

outofbreath

喘不上氣

holdyourbreath

屏氣Keywords3.effort/?ef?t/n.努力；艱難的嘗試

great/joint

~

極大的/共同的努力

puteffortinto

努力做...e.g.Youshouldputmoreeffortintoyourwork.

你應(yīng)該更加努力地工作。

makeaneffort(todosth)

作出努力

inaneffortto

企圖（努力想）e.g.Thecompanyhaslaidoff150workersinanefforttosavemoney.

公司為節(jié)省資金遣散了150名工人。Keywords4.wisdom/?w?zd?m/n.智慧；才智

wordsofwisdom

至理名言

awomanofgreatwisdom

才女

~ofsth/ofdoingsth

某事/做某事是明智的e.g.Iquestionthewisdomofgivingachildsomuchmoney.

我對給孩子這么多錢是否明智懷有疑問。

wise/wa?z/adj.充滿智慧的；明智的

a~decision明智的決定

wiselyadv.聰明地LanguagepointsItseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!5.asif是一個連詞結(jié)構(gòu)，用來引導(dǎo)從句，意為“好像，似乎，仿佛”。從句根據(jù)說話人所陳述內(nèi)容的真實性和可能性，可用陳述語氣或虛擬語氣，例如：Hetalksasifheknowseverything.

他說話的口氣好像是知道了一Shewassittingthereasifnothinghadhappened.

她坐在哪兒好像什么事都沒有發(fā)生一樣6.cometoanend

結(jié)束

cometo還可以與decision,conclusion,agreement搭配，表示“達成，得到”，例如：Theyfinallycametoanagreementafterlongdiscussion.他們在長時間討論之后終于達成了一致意見。LanguagepointsEverywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.7.everywhere在句中作連詞用，引導(dǎo)狀語從句，例如：Everywherewego,wehearpeoplepredictingtheelectionresults.無論我們走到哪里，都聽見人們在預(yù)測選舉結(jié)果。8.ruin/?ru??n/v.毀壞；破壞~sthinruins毀壞；嚴(yán)重受損e.g.Thescandallefthisreputationinruins.

這件丑聞使他身敗名裂。n.廢墟；殘垣斷壁e.g.WevisitedtheruinsofaNormancastle.我們參觀了一座諾曼式城堡的遺跡。Languagepoints...thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.9.trap/tr?p/n.陷阱；圈套~sthe.g.Shehadsetatrapforhimandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.

她給他設(shè)下圈套，他就徑直鉆了進去。v.使陷入險境~sb(+prep./adv.)e.g.Theyweretrappedintheburningbuilding.

他們被困在燃燒著的樓房里。Languagepoints10.bury/?beri/v.埋葬~sb/sthe.g.Theirambitionswerefinallydeadandburied.

他們的雄心壯志最終給埋葬了。

~yourselfinsth專心致志于某事e.g.Sincesheleft,he'sburiedhimselfinhiswork.

自從她走后，他全心撲在工作上。11.thedead

意為“死者，逝者”。“the+形容詞”構(gòu)成名詞，表達具有該形容詞語義特征或狀態(tài)的“人”或“物”，為集合概念，通常用作復(fù)數(shù)。例如：Theoldsometimeshelptheyoungenrichtheirsocialexperiences.長者有時幫助年輕人豐富社會閱歷。5Readthesentencesdescribingwhathappenedafterahugeearthquake.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthenewwordsandphrasesfromthetext.Thehugeearthquakeleftnearlythewholecity__________.Everyonewas________,thinkingtheworldmustbecomingtoanend.Millionsofpeoplewereleftwithoutwater,food,or__________.inruinsinshockelectricityFillintheblank5Soldiersandvolunteersworkedashardastheycouldtopullaway_______androcks,andrescuethosewhowere________undertheruins.Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjures,butothershadalreadystopped_________whentheywerediscovered.Afewbuildingswerestillstanding,butpeoplewereafraidtousethemasshelters,worryingtheywouldbe_________ifthebuildingsfell.bricksburiedbreathingtrappedFillintheblank6ReadandanswerReadthetextagainandanswerthequestions.1.Whatweresomeofthestrangethingshappeningbeforetheearthquake?Doyouthinktheywerewarningsigns?Whyorwhynot?(1)Deepcracksinthewellwalls;Waterinitroseandfell;Somesmellygascameoutofit;Chickensandpigsweretoonervoustoeat;Dogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings;miceranoutofthefields;Fishjumpedoutoft