職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)綜合類(lèi)C級(jí)模擬31

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫(huà)有底橫線(xiàn)，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面

所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

1>MaryMapesDodgeexercisedconsiderableinfluenceonchildren*sliterature

inthelatenineteenthcentury.

A.stylisticB.greatC.personalD.exclusive

2、Manyclassicalmusicloversfeeldisorientedwhentheylistentomodernatonal

music.

A.disgustedB.disappointedC.lostD.enchanted

3、CattlegrazeonthedryuplandsoftheislandofHawaii.

A.wanderB.breedC.feedD.exercise

4、Americanjournalistsoftenoverstateasituationtomakethenewsmore

stimulating.

A.exaggerateB.inspireC.animateD.misinterpret

5、Wetclayscanbeeasilymoldedintoaformthattheyretain.

A.compressedB.combinedC.placedD.shaped

6、Afteryearsofresearch,CharlesDrewdevisedaprocedureforpreservingplasma.

A.transportingB.savingC.reusingD.labeling

7>He*sgoingtosetoffonajourneytoNewYork.

A.beginB.besetC.flauntD.braid

8、Thesescissorsarebluntandcannotcutpaper.

A.weakB.brokenC.dullD-rough

9、Mostcloudformationsoccurwhenairmassesofdifferenttemperaturescollide.

A.touchB.smashC.bumpD.clash

10、Purefeldsparisacolorless,transparentmineralzbutimpuritiescommonly

makeitopaqueandcolorful.

A.trulyB.rapidlyC.periodicallyD.frequently

11>MargaretMead1sreputationwasestablishedwiththepublicationofher

firstbookin1982andwasenhancedbyhermanysubsequentcontributionsto

anthropology.

A.obscuredB.entrancedC.heightenedD.restored

12、Therearenumerousmanualsavailablewithinstructionsonhowtofixabicycle.

A.controlB.rideC.repairD.steer

13>Thehubofcommerceislocatednearthecapital.

A.stationB.exampleC.nucleusD.remnant

14、Hisfriendunexpectedlydroppedin.

A.visitedB.steppedinC.droppedoffD.met

15、Batsareextremelyshycreaturesandavoidhumansifatallpossible.

A.timidB.cleanC.privateD.noisy

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷

RichesandRomanceFromFrance*sWineHarvest

Septemberisharvesttime.Andwithbunchesofgrapesswinging（搖擺）in

thewind,thevineyardsofsouthernFrancearegettingreadytocelebrate

it.

TheyearlywinefestivalisheldinhonourofBacchus,theRomangodof

wine.It*safuntimewithpartieszmusic,dancing,bigmealsand,ofcourse,

lotsofwine.

Frenchwine-makingbeganmorethan2,500yearsago.Theworld1soldest

typeofvinegrowsinFranceandalwaysproducesagoodqualitywine.Today

Franceproducesone-fifthoftheworld1swine,andsomeofthemostfamous

varieties.

Thetopwine-producingareasareBordeaux,BurgundyandtheLoire

Valley.Champagne,adrinkusedincelebrations,isnamedaftertheplace

wheresparkling（有氣泡的）winewasfirstproducedin1700.

Wineismadefromthejuiceoffreshlypickedgrapes.Itisthesugars

thatturnintoalcohol.

Traditionally,peopleusedtotakeofftheirshoesandcrushthegrapes

withtheirbarefeettobringoutthejuice.Nowadayszthispracticeisusually

carriedoutbymachines.

Eachwineproducingregionhasitsowncharacter,basedonitstypeof

grapesandsoil.

Thetasteofwinechangeswithtime.Until1850zallFrenchchampagne

wassweet.Now,bothwineandchampagnetasteslightlybitter.

Thedrinkhasalwaysbeenlinkedwithricheszromanceandnobleness.Yet

theFrenchthinkofitinmoreordinaryterms.

Theybelieveitmakesdailylivingeasier,lesshurriedandwithfewer

problems.

"Allitslinksarewithtimeswhenpeopleareattheirbest；withrelaxation,

happiness,longslowmealsandthefreeflowofideas,Hwrotewineexpert

HughJohnson.

16>AllFrenchpeoplecelebratethegrapeharvesteverySeptember.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17NIntheyearlywinefestivalzpeoplealwaysenjoythemselves.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Wine-makinginFrancehasahistoryofover2,500years.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、ManyvarietiesofwineproducedinFrancearenamedafterplaces.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、DifferentregionsinFranceproducedifferenttypesofwine.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Frenchwinewilltastesour（酸的）infuture.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、TheFrenchpeoplebelievethatdrinkingwineisagoodwaytorelax.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23—26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為

第2?5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正

確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

VoltsfromtheSky

1.Lightninghascausedaweandwondersinceoldtimes.AlthoughBenjamin

Franklindemonstratedlightningasanenormouselectricaldischargemorethan200

yearsago,manypuzzlesstillsurroundthispowerfulphenomenon.

2.Lightningisgeneratedwhenelectricalchargesseparateinrainclouds,though

processesarestillnotfullyunderstood.Typically,positivechargesbuildatthecloud

top,whilethebottombecomesnegativelycharged.Inmostinstancesofcloud-to-ground

lightning,thenegativelychargedlowerportionofthecloudrepelsnegativelycharged

particlesontheground'ssurfaces,makingitbecomepositivelycharged.Thepositive

chargeonthegroundgathersatelevatedpoints.

3.Aflowofelectronsbeginsbetweenthecloudandearth.Whenthevoltagecharge

becomeslargeenough,itbreaksthroughtheinsulatingbarrierofair,andelectrons

zigzagearthward.Weseethedischargeaslightning.

4.Lightningcanoccurwithinacloud,betweenclouds,orbetweencloudsandthe

ground.Thefirstvariety,intra-cloudlightning,isthemostfrequentbutisoftenhidden

fromourview.Cloud-to-groundlightning,makingupabout20percentoflightning

discharges,iswhatweusuallyseeLightningcomesinseveralforms,includingsheet,

ribbon,andball,Intra-cloudlightningcanilluminateacloudsoitlookslikeawhite

sheet,henceitsname.Whencloud-togroundlightningoccursduringstrongwinds,they

canshiftthelightningchannelsideways,soitlookslikearibbon.Theaveragelightning

strikeismorethan3mileslongandcantravelatatenthofthespeedoflight.Ball

lightning,therarestandmostmysteriousform,derivesitsnamefromthesmall

luminousballthatappearsneartheimpactpoint,moveshorizontally,andlastsfor

severalseconds.

5.Thunderisgeneratedbythetremendousheatreleasedinalightningdischarge

second.Thissuddenheatingactsasanexplosion,generatingshockwaveswehearas

thunder.

6.About2,000thunderstormsareoccurringintheworldatanytime,generating

about100lightningstrikeseverysecond,or8milliondaily.WithintheUnitedStates,

lightningstrikesareestimatedat20millionayear,orabout22,000perday.Youhavea

l-in-600,000chanceofbeingstruckbylightningduringyourlifetime.Lightningcan

striketwiceormoreinthesamespot.TheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkisstruck

bylightningabouttwodozentimesannually.

7.Youcanmeasurehowfaryouarefromalightningstrikebycountingtheseconds

betweenviewingtheflashandhearingthebang,andthendividingbyfive.This

approximatesthemileage.

A.Cloud-to-groundlightningoccurringintheU.S.

B.Typesoflightning

C.Causeoflightning

D.Differencesbetweenthunderandthunderstorm

EFrequenciesofthunderstormsoccurringintheworldandtheU.S.

FShockwavesasthunder

23、Paragraphs2and3

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph5

26、Paragraph6

A.occursmostinfrequently

B.isshiftedsidewaysbystrongwinds

C.isoftenhiddenfromourview

D.isequippedwithagoodknowledgeofvariousformsoflightning

Eisestimatedat20millionsayear

Fispositivelycharged

27、Inmostcasesofc1oud-to-groundlightningtheground1ssurface

28、Oneformoflightningthatisballlightning.

29、Cloudlightninglookslikearibbonwhenitslightningchannel

30、Althoughnotfullyunderstandingprocessesoflightningman

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根

據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

弟扁

ForecastingMethods

Thereareseveraldifferentmethodsthatcanbeusedtocreateaforecast.

ThemethodaforecasterchoosesdependsUpontheexperienceoftheforecaster,

theamountofinformationavailabletotheforecaster,thelevelofdifficulty

thattheforecastsituationpresents,andthedegreeofaccuracyorconfidence

neededintheforecast.

Thefirstofthesemethodsisthepersistencemethod；thesimplestway

ofproducingaforecast.Thepersistencemethodassumesthattheconditions

atthetimeoftheforecastwillnotchange.Forexample,ifitissunnyand

87degreetoday,thepersistencemethodpredictsthatitwillbesunnyand

87degreetomorrow.Iftwoinchesofrainfelltoday,thepersistencemethod

wouldpredicttwoinchesofrainfortomorrow.However,ifweatherconditions

changesignificantlyfromdaytoday,thepersistencemethodusuallybreaks

downandisnotthebestforecastingmethodtouse.

Thetrendsmethodinvolvesdeterminingthespeedanddirectionofmovement

forfronts,highandlowpressurecenters,andareasofcloudsandprecipitation.

Usingthisinformation,theforecastercanpredictwhereheorsheexpects

thosefeaturestobeatsomefuturetime.Forexample,ifastormsystemis

1,000mileswestofyourlocationandmovingtotheeastat250milesper

day,suingthetrendsmethodyouwouldpredictittoarriveinyourareain

4days.Thetrendsmethodworkswellwhensystemscontinuetomoveatthe

samespeedinthesamedirectionforalongperiodoftime.iftheyslowdown,

speedup,changeintensity,orchangedirection,thetrendsforecastwill

probablynotworkaswell.

Theclimatologymethodisanothersimplewayofproducingaforecast.This

methodinvolvesaveragingweatherstatisticsaccumulatedovermanyearsto

maketheforecast.Forex-ample,ifyouwereusingtheclimatologymethod

topredicttheweatherfornewYorkCityonJuly4th,youwouldgothrough

alltheweatherdatathathasbeenrecordedforeveryJuly4thandtakean

average.Theclimatologymethodonlyworkswellwhentheweatherpatternis

similartothatexpectedforthechosentimeofyear.ifthepatternisquite

unusualforthegiventimeofyear,theclimatologymethodwilloftenfail.

Theanalogmethodisaslightlymorecomplicatedmethodofproducinga

forecast.Itinvolvesexaminingtoday1sforecastscenarioandremembering

adayinthepastwhentheweatherscenariolookedverysimilar(ananalog).

Theforecasterwouldpredictthattheweatherinthisforecastwillbehave

thesameasitdidinthepast.Theanalogmethodisdifficulttousebecause

itisvirtuallyimpossibletofindapredictanalog.Variousweatherfeatures

rarelyalignthemselvesinthesamelocationstheywereintheprevioustime.

Evensmalldifferencesbetweenthecurrenttimeandtheanalogcanleadto

verydifferentresults.

31>WhatfactorisNOTmentionedinchoosingaforecastingmethod?

A.Imaginationoftheforecaster.

B.Necessaryamountofinformation.

C.Practicalknowledgeoftheforecaster.

D.Degreeofdifficultyinvolvedinforecasting.

32、Persistencemethodwillworkwell

A.ifweatherconditionschangegreatlyfromdaytoday

B.ifweatherconditionsdonotchangemuch

C.onsunnydays

D.onrainydays

33、Thelimitationofthetrendsmethodisthesameasthepersistencemethod

inthat

A.itmakespredicationsaboutweather

B.itmakespredicationsaboutprecipitation

C.theweatherfeaturesneedtobewelldefined

D.theweatherfeaturesneedtobeconstantforalongperiodoftime

34、Whichmethodmayinvolvehistoricalweatherdata?

A.Thetrendsmethod.

B.Theanalogmethod.

C.Bothclimatologymethodandanalogmethod.

D.Thetrendsmethodandthepersistencemethod.

35、Itwillbeimpossibletomakeweatherforecastusingtheanalogmethod

A.whenthecurrentweatherscenariodiffersfromtheanalog

B.whenthecurrentweatherscenarioisthesameastheanalog

C.whentheanalogisovertenyearsold

D.whentheanalogisasimplerepetitionofthecurrentweatherscenario

弟一^扁

TellingTalesaboutPeople

Oneofthemostcommontypesofnonfiction,andonethatmanypeopleenjoy

reading,isstoriesaboutpeople1slives.Thesestoriesfallintothreegeneral

categories：autobiography,memoir,andbiography.

Anautobiographyisthestoryofaperson*slifewrittenbyhimselfor

herself.Oftenitbeginswiththeperson*searliestrecollectionsandends

inthepresent.Autobiographywritersmaynotbeentirelyobjectiveinthe

waytheypresentthemselves.However,theyofferthereaderagoodlookat

thewaytheyareandwhatmakesthemthatway.PeopleasdiverseasBenjamin

FranklinandHelenKellerhavewrittenautobiographies.Otherwriters,such

asJamesJoyce,havewrittenthinlyfictionalizedaccountsoftheirlives.

Thesearenotautobiographies,buttheyareveryclosetoit.

Memoirs,strictlyspeaking,areautobiographicalaccountsthatfocusas

muchontheeventsofthetimesasonthelifeoftheauthor.Memoirwriters

typicallyusetheseeventsasbackdropsfortheirlives.Theydescribethem

indetailanddiscusstheirimportance.Recently,though,thetermmemoir

seemstobebecominginterchangeablewithautobiography.Amemoirnowadays

mayormaynotdealwiththeoutsideworld.

Biographiesarefactualaccountsofsomeoneelse*slife.Inmanysenses,

thesemaybethehardestofthethreetypestowrite.Autobiographywriters

knowtheeventstheywriteaboutbecausetheylivedthem.Butbiographywriters

havetogatherinformationfromasmanydifferentsourcesaspossible.Then

theyhavetodecidewhichfactstoinclude.Theirgoalistopresentabalanced

pictureofaperson,notonethatisoverlypositiveortoocritical.Afair,

we11-presentedbiographymaytakeyearstoresearchandwrite.

36、Thispassageismostlyabout

A.famousautobiographies

B.whybiographycanbedifficulttowrite

C.differencesbetweenautobiographiesandmemoirs

D.thecharacteristicsofautobiographies,memoirs,andbiographies

37、HelenKellerwrote

A.aworkoffiction

B.amemoir

C.abiography

D.anautobiography

38、Autobiographywritersarenotalwaysobjectivebecausethey

A.wanttopresentthemselvesinagoodlight

B.constantlycompetewithbiographywriters

C.havetroublerememberingthegoodtimes

D.feeltheyhavetomakeupdetailstomaketheirbookssell

39、Thewriterintroduceseachcategoryinthepassageby

A.givinganexample

B.explainingwhyitishardtowrite

C.definingit

D.tellingwhenpeoplefirstbeganwritingit

40、Diversemeans

A.enjoyingpoetry

B.similaroralike

C.variedordifferent

D.abletoswimindeepwater

第-二-曾

TheHistoryofExaminations

Inancienttimesthemostimportantexaminationswerespoken,not

written.IntheschoolsofancientGreeceandRome,testingusuallyconsisted

ofsayingpoetryaloudorgivingspeeches.

IntheEuropeanuniversitiesoftheMiddleAges,studentswhowereworking

foradvanceddegreeshadtodiscussquestionsintheirfieldofstudywith

peoplewhohadmadeaspecialstudyofthesubject.Thiscustomexiststoday

aspartoftheprocessoftestingcandidatesforthedoctor*sdegree.

Generally,however,modernexaminationsarewritten.Thewritten

examination,whereallstudentsaretestedonthesamequestion,wasprobably

notknownuntilthenineteenthcentury.Perhapsitcameintoexistencewith

thegreatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry.A

roomfullofcandidatesforastateexamination,timedexactlybyelectric

clocksandcarefullywatchedoverbymanagers,resemblesagroupofworkers

atanautomobilefactory.Generally,duringexaminationsteachersandstudents

areexpectedtoactlikemachines.

Onetypeoftestissometimescalledan"objectiveHtest.Itisintended

todealwithfactsznotpersonalopinions.Tomakeupanobjectivetestthe

teacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.

Alongwitheachquestiontheteacherwritesthecorrectanswerandalsothree

statementsthatlooklikecorrectanswerstostudentswhohavenotlearned

thematerialproperly.

41>IntheMiddleAgesstudents

A.tookobjectivetestsB.specializedinonesubject

C.weretimedbyelectricclocksD.neverwroteexams

42、Themainideaofparagraph3isthat

A.workersnowtakeexaminations

B.thepopulationhasgrown

C.thereareonlywrittenexams

D.examinationsarenowwrittenandtimed

43、Thekindofexamswherestudentsmustselectanswersare

A.personalB.spokenC.objectiveD.

written

44、Modernindustrymusthavedeveloped

A.beforetheMiddleAgesB.aroundthe19thcentury

C.inGreeceorRomeD.machinestotaketests

45、Itmaybeconcludedthattesting

A.shouldtestonlyopinionsB.shouldalwaysbewritten

C.haschangedsincetheMiddleAgesD.isgivenonlyinfactories

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇

5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

AutomaticDoorsinEgypt

Whenyounextstepthroughthedoorsofasupermarket,spareathoughtfor

Heron,atalentedspecialistofancient"hightech"engineering.Nearlytwo

thousandyearsagohedesignedautomaticallyopeningdoorsforthetemples

oftheEgyptiancityofAlexandna.

Heronhadatalentfordesigningmechanicalwonderstosurprisepeople

andmakepeoplehappy.46wasagifttotheEgyptianpriests,whoforcenturies

hadusedwondermechanicalorotherwisezasawayofstrengtheningtheir

authority.

Employingrelativelysimplemechanicalprinciples,Herondeviseda

means47asifbyunseenhands--whenthepriestlitafireonthealtar

outsidethetemple.Thefireheatedtheairinametalglobeplacedbeneath

thealtarzforeignthewaterinitthroughapipeintoanenormousbucket.

Thebucketwassuspendedbychainsfromasystemofweightsandpulleys,which

turnedthedoorsontheirpivotsasthebucketbecameheavier.

Asecondsurprisetookplacewhenthealtarfirewasputout.48,the

waterwassuckedtheotherwaythroughthepipe.Whenthebucketemptied,it

wentupward,makingthepulleysystemmoveinreverse,andthedoorsclosed

again.

AnotherdesignincludedinHeron*swritingscouldmakeatrumpetblowwhen

thetempledoorsopened--acombinationofmusicaldoorbellandburglaralarm.

Thereneedbelittledoubtthattheautomatic-doorsystemdescribedby

HeronwasactuallyusedinEgyptiantemplesand49Heronhimselfreferred

inpassingtoasimilarsystemusedbyotherengineers.."Someinsteadof

waterusequicksilver(mercury)nUsingmercury50wouldcertainlyhavemade

itmoreefficient.

A.wherebythedoorsofasmalltemplewouldopen

B.possiblyelsewhereintheGreco--Roman(希臘一羅馬的)world

C.Hisdesignforautomatictempledoors

D.becauseofthequickheatingoftheairinsidetheglobe

EinsteadofwaterinamachinesimilartoHeron1sdesign

FAsaresultofthesuddencoolingoftheairintheglobe

第6部分：完形填空

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容

從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

ALifewithBirds

Fornearly17yearsDavidCopehasworkedasoneoftheTowerofLondon1s

YeomanWarders,51knowntotourists