英語習(xí)語是英語中使用最普遍、表達(dá)力最強(qiáng)、文化內(nèi)涵最豐富的一部分，包括成語、諺語、格言、典故、俚語、俗語、歇后語等，是英語語言的精粹。準(zhǔn)確掌握英語中的習(xí)語，能幫助同學(xué)們深刻理解英語詞匯中的文化內(nèi)涵及文化差異，從而更加準(zhǔn)確、傳神地使用英語?，F(xiàn)將常見英語習(xí)語總結(jié)如下，以幫助同學(xué)們擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面，更好地運(yùn)用英語：．a(chǎn)badapple壞蛋.abigshot要人．a(chǎn)bedofroses/flowers安逸的生活，舒適的生活.abluejoke下流的笑話.ablackfuture暗淡的前途，毫無希望的未來.acoldwelcome冷遇．a(chǎn)coolfish無恥之徒．a(chǎn)dog'slife豬狗不如的生活.afatcat大款afishoutofwateragaydog快活的人agreenhand新手aluckydog幸運(yùn)兒atopdog優(yōu)勝者awhiteday吉日，喜慶的日子awhitelie 善意的謊言awhiteelephant無用之物ayellowboy膽小鬼around/roundtheclockatthesea茫然，困惑backup支持beaboveoneself趾高氣揚(yáng)beallears 聚精會(huì)神地聽，洗耳恭聽beoffcolour身體欠佳，精神不振beonone'sback臥病，臥床不起beundertheweather 身體不好，難過behindthetimes過時(shí)了，不時(shí)髦bigfish大亨iblackandblue遍體鱗傷的blacklie用心險(xiǎn)惡的謊言blackmoney黑錢}blacksheep害群之馬blue-eyedboys寵兒bringdownthehouse博得全場(chǎng)喝彩

bumone'sbridges/boats 破釜沉舟，自斷后路callwhiteblack/blackwhite顛倒黑白，混淆是非catchone'seye。引人注目costanarmandaleg價(jià)值不菲，付出昂貴代價(jià)downandout窮困潦倒，孤苦無助dullfish枯燥無味的人eatone'swords 收回說過盼語eyeforeye以牙還牙面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，承擔(dān)自己行facethemusic為的后果面對(duì)面僅夠糊口僅夠糊口吹牛大王

聽一聽?zhēng)椭橙薴acetofacefromhandtomouthfullofhotairgiveaneartogivesomebodyahandgoDutch各付各的錢grayhairs老人haveabeefwithsb.與某人發(fā)生矛盾，關(guān)系緊haveabignosehaveaheartofgoldhaveasweettoothhavecoldfeet56.havemoneytoburn張愛打聽心好，好人喜愛甜食緊張有用不完的錢忙碌于等一等57.haveone'shandsfullwith60.handinhand60.handinhand放慢，推心置腹的

手拉手holdyourhorseshearttohearthighanddj|y.highandlowhotair空話，拋棄的，處于痛苦之中64.Iambehindyou.到處

夸夸其談

我支持你。it'sapieceofcake.那只是小菜一碟簡(jiǎn)單的事窘inthedoghouse迫，陷入困坑留心，留意擺出keepaneyeonsomeone嚴(yán)肅面孔住不笑保持鎮(zhèn)靜放keepastraightface松keepone'sshirtonletone'shairdown拘束莫惹是非泄露秘密letsleepingdogslieletthecatoutofthebaglookblack情況很糟嘲弄，戲弄使人垂涎：想吃makeafoolof嘲弄，戲弄使人垂涎：想吃makeamonkeyoutofmakeone'smouthwatermonkeybusiness胡鬧Motherhen婆婆媽媽地?fù)?dān)心他人遭遇的人.Neversaydie.別泄氣。onandoff間斷地onceinabluemoon千載難逢的機(jī)金outandoutoutoftheblueputonanactpullone'slegputonthedogservesomeonehandandfoot服務(wù)周jshouldertoshoulder肩并肩standone'sground豎持己見，堅(jiān)守fstandonone'sownlegs獨(dú)立自主stepbystep逐步前進(jìn)Sundayclothes 高檔、漂亮的衣裳，Sundaypainter 業(yè)余畫家Sundayrun長(zhǎng)距離Sundayschooltruth眾所周知的道理或事實(shí)takethebreadoutofsomeone'smouth奪某人的生計(jì)takethecake得頭獎(jiǎng)，居首位takesomeone，sbreathaway使某人非常驚訝，感動(dòng)得說不出話來That'snotmycupoftea.theappleofone'seyethelionoftheday102,topbanana大老板throughandthroughturnthecoldshoulderontumadeafearto充耳不聞turnupone'snoseat 鄙視underage未成年upsanddowns盛衰，浮沉whitesalell0.大減價(jià)whitewar 沒有硝煙的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，常指“經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)詞語釋義【題型點(diǎn)撥】這類題目要求選擇的答案與畫線部分意思基本一致，語法功能也要相同。主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的辨析、理解、釋義和運(yùn)用能力。解答這類題的關(guān)鍵是要理解畫線部分的意思，弄清畫線部分的語法功能，然后再去找與畫線部分意思相近及語法功能相同的選項(xiàng)。這種題有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：一是詞不離句，二是有干擾項(xiàng)。盡管如此，只要釋義是詞絨詞組的本義，而不是語境產(chǎn)生的意義，同學(xué)們只要平時(shí)記住了這個(gè)釋義，也能答對(duì)。因此，復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)同學(xué)們應(yīng)首先掌握基本單詞、詞組、習(xí)慣用語的意思，其次掌握同一意思的詞、詞組及習(xí)慣用語的常用表達(dá)方式，對(duì)這些意思相近的詞、詞組，同學(xué)們應(yīng)注意歸納，平時(shí)加強(qiáng)記憶，增強(qiáng)理解力與運(yùn)用能力?，F(xiàn)將《新目標(biāo)英語》中常用單詞釋義或同義（近義）詞組歸納總結(jié)如下：1．return-come/beback返回2.retum-giveback歸還atpresent-atthistime,atthemoment,now 現(xiàn)在，如今.di￡cicult-hard,noteasy困難的parents-one'sfatherandmother 父母.also-too,aswellas也.perhaps-maybe或許，大概.follow-come/goafter跟隨.givesb.ahand-helpsb.幫助某人certainly-ofcourse,sure 當(dāng)然cross-go/walkacross穿過photo-picture圖畫，相片agree-say"yes",havethesameidea 網(wǎng)意century-onehundredyears 世紀(jì)busy-notfree,havenotime 忙的famous-verywell-known 著名的befilledwith-befullof 充滿，裝滿f:{ne~well身體好nextto-closeto,beside,near 靠近，接近gooff-rling鈴響end-finish結(jié)束，完了thesameas-notdifferentfrom 與 相同的over-morethan多于，超過finally-atlast,intheend 最后around-about 大約enter-gointo 進(jìn)入happen-takeplace發(fā)生getup-getoutofbed 起床takeexercise-do/playsports 做運(yùn)動(dòng)start-begin開始beill/sick?notfeelwell生病stayhealthy-keephealthy/fit,beingoodhealth 保持健康stayup-notgotosleepbecauseofdoingsomething 熬夜lastname-familyname姓氏sitdown-takeaseat就座，坐下againandagain-overandover一遍又一遍alone-byoneself獨(dú)自81.81.enjoyoneself-haveagood/great/nice/time,havefun．a(chǎn)pologize-saysorry 道歉，辯解present-gift禮物several-afew,some 幾個(gè)，數(shù)個(gè)mostly-chiefly,almostall,generally 主要地justnow-amomentago|剛才sure-certain確信的rightaway-atonce,inamoment立即；馬上intheslightest-atall 根本must-haveto不得不prefer-like.betterthan 更喜歡wouldlike-want想要hardly-almostnot幾乎不semester-term學(xué)期performer-actororactress演員offer-give提供給takeafter-looklike長(zhǎng)得像reply-answer回答refuse-saynoto…拒絕view-opinion,idea主意，觀點(diǎn)takepridein-beproudof...以 為驕傲fail-notpass失敗，不及格dress-putonclothes 穿衣unleos-ifnot除非can-beableto能，會(huì)useup-runoutof用用完盡.，byaccident-bychance 偶然，無意continue-goon,gofurther紲續(xù) 中takecareof-carefor,lookafter 照顧fixup-repair,mend修理，修補(bǔ)ondisplay-onshow展覽，陳列beangrywith-bemadat對(duì) 生氣whatabout-howabout 怎么樣dochores-dohousework做家務(wù)beafraidof-betemfiedoflotsof-alotof,many,muchcheerup-makesomeonehappiersetup-establish,start 建立，開創(chuàng)comeupwith-thinkof提出，想出cleanup-makeitcleanandtidy 掃除fetch-goandtakesth.back 取來beinterestedin-takeaninterestin對(duì) 感興趣not...anymore-nomore,nolonger,not. …anylonger不再comefrom-befrom來自glad-happy,pleased高興的gotoamowe-gotoseeafilm 去看電影sometimes-attimes有時(shí)naminute-verysoon不久，很快forinstance-forexample例如assoonaspossible-verysoon盡快realize-understandandbelieve 察覺，collect-getsomethingtogether 收集arrive-reach，getto到達(dá)alittle-abit-小點(diǎn)quite-very，rather很，非常，十分begoodat-dowellin擅長(zhǎng)于leavefor-goto出發(fā)去own-have擁有rush-moveorgosuddenly沖，跑anxious-worried，uneasy焦慮的takethesubway-gobysubway乘地鐵takeataxi-gobytaxi 乘出租車goinaca-gobycar 秉小汽車rideabike-gobybike 騎自行車walk-goonfoot步行【熱點(diǎn)例題點(diǎn)撥與解答】例1]Sheclosedherspeechwithafunnyjoke.A.hadB.gaveC.endedD.began[解析]答案C。此題四個(gè)卷面選項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)均符合原題的要求，故重點(diǎn)可以放在句意和詞義的判斷上?！癱lose”原意為“關(guān)閉”，因此此題的句意可以理解為“她用一個(gè)笑話結(jié)束了她的演講”，運(yùn)用的是引申義，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C符合題意。[例2]Whenheknewhedidn'tpasstheEnglishtest,hepulledalongface.A.lookedexcitedB.lookedsad.lookedshyD.lookedwonderful[解析]答案B。此題畫線部分的每個(gè)單詞考生均熟悉，但重新組合在一起則覺得陌生，不易理解，這就需要考慮詞語在語境中的具體含義。根據(jù)前半句的句意“當(dāng)他知道他沒有通過英語測(cè)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候”，可以推知下文講述的是他的感覺不好，那么“pulledalongface”（拉長(zhǎng)著一張臉]意為表情難看，心里不舒服；答案A．“l(fā)ookedexcited”（看上去興奮）和答案D．"lookedwonderful”（看上去精彩），其表情肯定不會(huì)難看，故不符合題意；答案C.6&lookedshy”（看上去害羞）和答案B．"lookedsad”（看上去難過）相比，B更接近原意，因此應(yīng)選B。例3]IhopeyouwillhavefunduringyourvisittoParis.A．getboredB．befunnyC．haveagoodtime［解析］答案C。此題考查havefun的近義詞，havefun=haveagoodtime,排除A.B,故答案是C?！局锌紓淇加?xùn)練】)1.Myneighborwaslikeacatonhotbricksbeforeherdrivingtest.A．非常興奮B．喵喵亂叫C．跳上跳下D．非常緊張)2.MymotherisangrywithmebecauseIdidn'tFmishthehomework.A．surprisedatB．madatC.excitedatD.temfiedof)3.Thefirstquestionwasdifficult,buttherestwereprettyeasy.A。休息B.安定C．其余的D．停止)4.-Theworkistoohardforme.-Youarealwaysgreat!You'llmakeitifyouhaveatry,A.besuccessfulB.makejteasyC.takeiteasyD.giveitup()5.Whenitwasmytimetogiveaspeech,Ibecameverynervous.A．dutyB．turnC．chanceD．pleasure()6.-1lostmypetpig,butitcamebackyesterday.-Asthesayinggoes:anoldhorseknewtheway.A．塞翁失馬B．馬失前蹄C．老馬識(shí)途D．馬到成功)7.Let'sgooutfordinnertoday.It'sonme.A．這是我的事B．輪到我了C．我買單D．我值日()8.Icouldn'tputupwiththewayshetreatedmeanddecidedtoleaveheratonce.A．張貼B．尋找C．忍受D．舉超()9.-Mydreamistobeawell-knownstar.-Ibelieveyouwillrealizeyourdreamifyoukeeponworkinghard.A．imagineB．completecometrueD achieve()10.Nobodytoldhimaboutit,sowhenthepoliceaskedhimaboutit,hewasallatsea.A．不知道B．知道C．在海上D．全身潮濕了()11.Thereislittletimeleft.Couldyourunyoureyesovermyreportquickly?A.lookthroughB.lookatC．lookforD．lookout()12.-Thedressissobeautiful.Doyoulikeit?-Yes.ButitcostsanarmandalegandIhaven'tenoughmoneywithme.A．it'stooexpensiveB．it'sverycheapC．itdoesn'tfitmeD．it'stoobigforme()13.Wehavebeenworkingaroundtheclocktogetitdoneontime.A，hereandthereB．upanddownC．dayandnightD．nowandthen()14.Marylikesmusic.Buttotellthetruth,shehasnoearformusic.A．不會(huì)欣賞B．沒有耳朵C．不懂D．是聾的()15. “1wanttobeabigfish,asbigasBillGates,inalargepool,aslargeasMicrosoft"Lindasaid.A.一個(gè)要入B.一個(gè)有錢人C.一個(gè)電腦程序員D.一個(gè)電腦迷()16.ManyshortmessageswithbestwishesreachedherduringtheSpringFestival.A.weresentbyB.weremadebyC.werewelcomedbyD.werereceivedby()17.Lucyissittingaloneoverthere.Sheisundertheweathernow.A.不高興B.壞天氣C.天太冷了D.不說話()18.-Doyouoftentakeexerciseeveryday?-Yeah,1wanttobeasportplayer.Doingthatcanbuildmeup.A.cheermeupB.makemestrongerC.keepmeactiveD.changememore()19.Shelaydownonherbedandshuthereyes.A.openedB.closedC.tumedoffD.rested()20.SincehegavealectureaboutThelegendofThreekingdoms(三國(guó)演義)onCCTV,YiZhongtianbecomesthelionofthedayinChinaA.當(dāng)代名人B.勇猛的獅子C.達(dá)人D.雷人()21.-Youhaven'tplayedtennisfordays,haveyou?-No,Ihavegotmyhandsfullthesedays.A.ambusyB.amsickC.amunhappyD.amnervous()22.Thebasketwasfilledwithapplesandoranges.A.wascoveredwithB.wasenoughinC.wasallofD.wasfullof()23.Theylookedwomedbecausetheywereinthedarkabouttheresult.A.weren'tinterestedinB．didn'tagreewithcouldn'tforgetdidn'tknow()24.Whenachildrealizesheshouldstandonhisownfeet,hehasgrownup.getupbyhimselfgosomewhereonfootdependonhimselfstandupquickly()25.Tumyourearstome,please,boysandgirls.A.Tumback.B.TurnaroundC.TurntoyourleftD.Listento()26.-CanIhelpyou?-I'mlookingforasecond-handcar.thesecondcaracarwithtwohandsausedcartwocars( )27.SomethingiswrongwithyourcomputeLetmehelpyoutoputitright.A.correctitB.throwitawayC.menditD.putitaway()28.Agroupofyoungmenhopethatgettingthiskindofjobwillfinallybethetickettosuccess.A.road B.gateC.street D.direction( )29.Ifyoudon'twanttoletusdown,dobelieveyourself!comeupwithideasbemoreconfidentbemoreoutgoingD.paymoreattention()30.Nowmoreandmorepeoplelikedrinkingtea.ThecultureissweepingChina.A.makingChinacleanB.comingintoChinaC.becomingpopularalloverChinaD.changingChinafastinthetheFrenchOpenonJune()31.-LiNawonthetennischampionshipinthetheFrenchOpenonJune4,2020.-Wetakeprideinher.SheisthefirstAsianprofessionaltennisplayertowinit.A.areinterestedinB.areterrifiedofC.areproudofD.areusedto()32.Ireallygetlost.Pleasetellmewherethepostofficeis.losesomethingcan'tfindthewaycan'tfindanyfriendlosemyself()33.TheforeignersfromtheUSAlikeChinesedishesverymuch.A.platesB.foodC.fruitD.bowls()34.Tom,rememberyouarehavingafever.Ifyourfriendsaskyoutoplayoutside,youshouldsaynotothem.A.criticizeB.notanswerC.refuseD.replyto()35.Iwasjustasmallpotatointhecompany,sofewpeoplenoticedme.A.notyoungB.nottallC.notoldenoughD.notimporr.ant()36.HowtimefliesiNoonecancallbackyesterday.getlosttimebackrememberyesterdaykeepyesterdaybackreturntoyesterday()37.-Whynotlistentopopmusic,Tom?-Oh,that'snotmycupoftea.Ilikeclassicalmusicbetter.it'smyfavoritethat'snotmyfavoriteit'sgoodformeIdon'twanttodrinktea()38.BillGatesisasuccessfulbusinessman.Heenjoysabignameinthebusinessworld.A.likehisnamebestB.iswell-knownC.hasalongnameD.feelsproudofit()39.PleasekeepaneyeonthebabywhileI'maway.A.watchB.noticeC.lookforD.lookat()40.Themandoesn'twanttochangehismindbecausehethinkshe'sright.A