2022年山西高三一模英語試卷（A）-學(xué)生用卷

一、完形填空

1、【來源】2022年山西高三一模（A）第1~1題

Ireceivedavideocalllastmonth.Thepresidentannouncedthenews;Given

the.onuniversityfinancesduringtheCOVID-19pandemic（流行?。?he

wouldendthegeology（地質(zhì)學(xué)）department.Hiswords.melikeatonof

bricks.For20years,IassumedI'dalwayshavea.ifIkeptupmyteaching

andresearch.Butthepandemichadbrought.effects.

Threeyearsago,thepresidenthadaskedusfor..Manyofourupper-level

classeswerehighlyattractingonlyahandfulofstudents.Thepresidenttold

usthatweneededlargerclassandmorestudents.

Wemakingchanges.Weaddednewelectivecoursesonclimateandmedical

geology,hundredsofstudents,Butwe

didn'tthecourserequirementsforgeologymajors,andmany

professorstoteachthesamematerialinthesameway.

Theofstudentsdidn'tincreasealot.

ThencameCOVID-19.Westayedopenandtaughtstudentsoncampus,butenrollments（注冊）continued

to.Afterthemeetingwithourpresident,my

mind.Twodaysafterthepresident'scall,Ispenttheweekendspeakingwith

mycolleaguesandbrainstormingaTogether,weimagined

aearthsciencecourse,onethatwouldhelpstudentsmeet

today's.Werethoughtallofourcourses,focusingonproblemsthatstudents

andtheirpotentialcareabout.

Wetothefuturewithournewvisionandleavethepastbehind.We'renot

surehowtheuniversitywillreacttoourplan.Hopefully,oureffortsaren*tcoming

too.

【小題1】

A.stressB.adviceC.progressD.focus

【小題2】

A.taughtB.limitedC.hitD.directed

【小題3】

A.standardB.jobC.lessonD.favor

【小題4】

A.life-longB.old-fashionedC.well-meantD.l(mg-standing

【小題5】

A.leaveB.helpC.moneyD.control

【小題6】

A.regardedB.commentedC.specializedD.organized

【小題7】

A.sizesB?typesC.sourcesD.supplies

【小題8】

A.gaveupB.endedupC.heardaboutD.worriedabout

【小題9】

A.admittingB.dismissingC.attractingD.promotiiig

【小題10]

A.changeB.recwdC.introduceD.recall

【小題11】

A.refusedB?continuedC.stoppedD.forgot

【小題12]

A.levelB.eventC.demandD.number

【小題13】

A.fallB.existC.appearD.delay

【小題14)

A.blankedB.settledC.fadedD.raced

【小題15]

A.planB.goalC.questionD.system

【小題161

A.cammonB.newC.previousD.ccmiplex

【小題17]

A.popularityB.profitC.applicationsD.challenges

【小題18]

A.parentsB.teachersC.employersD.colleagues

【小題19]

A.objectB.belongC.lookD.add

【小題20】

A.farB.closeC.straightD.late

二、閱讀理解

2、【來源】2022年山西高三一模（A）第2~2題

HaveyougottheskillsrequiredforoneofourexcitingmatchdayrolesatManchesterUnited?Manchester

Unitediscurrentlyrecruiting（招募）individualstojoinourMatchdayOperationsteamforthefootball

seasontoenhancethematchdayexperienceforthe76,000fansandguestsweentertainatOldTraffordfor

everyhomegame.

Thereareapproximately35matchesduringtheseason,whichkicksoffinAugust,andsuccessful

candidatesforourmatchdayroleswillbeexpectedtobeavailableforourkeyhomegamesheld

throughouttheseason.

Ifyoubelieveyouhavetheskillsrequiredtodeliverouroutstandingmatchdayexperienceandhavewhatit

takestojoinoneoftheworld'sbiggestfootballclubs,pleaseseeourcurrentvacancieslistedbelowand

completeanapplicationform.

Pleasenote:Youshouldonlysubmitoneapplicationasallopportunitieswillbediscussedattheinterview.

Theexactcopiesofapplicationwillbedisregardedandyouwillbeout.

Previousapplicantsneednotapply.Ifyouhavepreviouslybeenunsuccessfulataninterviewfora

CateringMatchdayrole,wearenotinapositiontoreviewanotherapplicationforaminimumofsix

months.

CurrentVacancies:

R&eLocationSalary

CulinaryTeamManchesterNot由sclosed

"atchdayHoq）italityManchesterNotdisclosed

HatchdayStewardManchesterNotdisclosed

foryourapplication!Foranyquestion,pleaseemailtherecruitmentteamatrecruitment@manutd.co.uk.

【小題1]Wherewillthejobbeperformed?

A.Atacinema.B.Atastadium,C.Inahospital.D.InthestreH.

【小題2]Whichoneisthemostimportantforthecandidates?

A.Theirloveforfootball.B.Theireducationallevel.

C.TheirpastexperienceD.Theirapplication'suniqueness.

[小題3]Howcanthecandidatesaskfbrmoreinformation?

A.Byphone.B.Byletter.C.Byemail.D.Bytextmessage.

3、【來源】2022年山西高三一模（A）第3?3題

Inthedepthsofspaceorbitsisanintergalacticspacestation.Livingherearesomeofthesmartestscientists

andtheirfamilies.Aftertravelingbillionsofmiles,twoscientists,ClydeandKlaraKlosno,andtheirkids

KelvinandBula,arethenewestmembersofthespacestation.Thisisastorytoldinthenewbook,ScrFi

JuniorHigh,writtenbyScottSeegertandillustratedbyJohnMartin.

Seegert,aformerengineer,wasinspiredtogivewritingatryatage45afterrendingabookwrittenbya

famouswriter.Afterworkingonthatbookforthreeyears,Seegert'shardworkpaidoffwhenitwas

publishedin2007.Afterthatsuccess,hedecidedtofocusonwritingbooksforkids.

Martinalwayslovedtowriteanddraw.Asakid,hespenteveningsandweekendswatchingcartoonsand

drawingsuperheroes,Martinsayshewasuavoidinghomework”,withoutrealizingthathewasreally

workingtowardshisfuturecareer.Martinwentontostudyartatacollegeandbecameasuccessful

illustrator.

SeegertandMartingrewupduringthesametimeandhadsimilarinterests.Askids,bothreadcomicbooks,

watchedsuperheroshowsandenjoyedalienmovies.

TheirfirstcooperativeworkwasthebookVordaktheIncomprehensible.Thetwowentontowritemore

bookstogetherandhavereceivedmanyawardsfortheirwork.ForSci-FiJuniorHigh,theystartedwitha

verygeneralidea,andthenfocusedonthecharacterstotellthestory.

SeegertandMartinworkreallywelltogether.TheyevenworkinthesameartstudioinFarmington,

Michigan.Theyworkinseparateroomsbuthaveanin-betweendoorsotheycanconsulteachotherin

person.uManytimesnowadays,youmightseeanauthorand.illustratorworkingtogether,buttheyhave

neverevenmet,“Seegertsaid."Weworkdiffeentlyfrommostchildren'sbookauthorsand

illustrators.

【小題1]WhydoestheauthormentionSci-FiJuniorHighinparagraph1?

A.Toattractreaderstoreadthebook.B.TohonorClydeandKlaraKlosmo.

C.ToleadinthemajorcharactersofthetextD.Toshowtheachievemento￡researchingspace.

【小題2]HowdidMartinmakeuseofhissparetimeasakid?

A.Hedevelopedhisinterest.B.HeplannedforhiBfuturework

C.Hewrotebooksanddrewpictures.D.Hestudiedarttobeanoutstandingillustrate.

【小題3]WhatcanweknowaboutSeegertandMartin?

A.TheyhadsomeamilaritieB.B.Theygrewupinthesamearea.

C?Theywerehonoredfortheapacestation.D.Theyhaveworkedtogetherfor30years.

【小題4]Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TwoWritersWorkingDifferendyB.TwoPartnersMarchingTogether

C.JohnMartin9aFamousillustratoD.Sci-FiJuniorHi@baWonderfillBook

4、【來源】2022年山西高三一模(A)第4?4題

ResearchersfromLondon'sQueenMaryUniversitystudiedhowparticipantswereaffectedbypollution

basedonwheretheylive.InthejournalCirculationonFriday,thescientistsrevealedthatairpollutioncan

harmthehearttothepointwhereitresembles(類似)theearlystagesofheartfailure.

AccordingtoEmoryHealthcare,deathshavedecreasedaround12percentperdecadeonaverageoverthe

past50years,but287,000peoplediefromheartfailureeachyear.Therearemorehospitalizationsfrom

heartfailureeachyearthanallcancerscombined.

Inthisstudy,thescientistsexaminedinformationfrom4,000participantsthatwereintheUKBiobank

study.Volunteershadbloodtests,healthscansandheartMRIs,whichmeasuredthefunction,sizeand

weightoftheirhearts.Theyalsorecordedtheirlifestyle,healthrecordandwherethey'velived.

Theteamfoundparticipantshadlargerrightandleftventricles(心室)intheheartwhentheylivedcloser

tobusyroadsandwereexposedtonitrogendioxide(NOz),whichenterstheairwhenfuelisburned.The

rightandleftventriclesarecrucialforpumpingblood.Theywerehealthybutresembledtheventriclesin

early-stageheartfailure.Thescientistsfoundthatthehighertheexposuretothepollutants,thegreaterthe

changesintheheart.

“Airpollutionshouldbeseenasamodifiableriskfactor,Dr,NayAung,wholedthedataanalysisof

thestudy,saidinastatemnentfromQueenMaryUniversity."Thepublicallneedtobeawareoftheir

exposurewhentheythinkabouttheirhearthealth,justliketheythinkabouttheirbloodpressureandtheir

weight.

ProfessorJeremyPearson,AssociateMedicalDirectorattheBritishHeartFoundationsaidinthestatement

fromQueenMaryUniversity,“Wecan'texpectpeopletomovehometoavoidairpollution,so

governmentandpublicbodiesmustactrightnowtomakeallareassafeandprotectthepopulationfrom

theseharm.”

【小題1]Whatisthefindingofthestudy?

A.Airpollutioncausesmanypeopletodie.

B.Peoplehavebigproblemsofhearthealth.

C.People*shouseshaveagreateffectontheheart.

D.Airpollutionmakesourheartsatriskofheartfailure.

【小題2]Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutheartfailure?

A.Itcanbecuredeasily.B.Itremainsaseriousthreat.

C.It*8themostcommonillness.D.Itcausespeopletosuffercancers.

[4、題3]Whatdidtheteamfindontheparticipantsexposedtoairpollution?

A.Theyhadmanyhealthproblems.B.Theirventridesworkedbetter.

C.Theirheartswereoutofdanger.D.Thesizeoftheirheartswasbigger.

【小題4]WhichofthefollowingisDr.NayAung,ssuggestion?

A.Movingtosaferareas.B.Livingfarawayfromcrowds.

C.Takingnoticeofairpollution.D.Takingbloodpressureregularly.

5、【來源】2022年山西高三一模（A）第5?5題

Ifyou'retryingtobuildsomethingthatwon'tsink,makingitoutofmetalseemslikeaterribleidea.We

makeboatsandshipsoutofmetalbecauseit'sstrongandlastsalongtime,butitweighsalotand,if

somethinggoeswrong,there'snothingstoppingitfromsinkingtothebottom.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofRochesterhavecomeupwithapotentialsolution.It"sametalthat

absolutelyhateswater,stronglyrepelling（排斥）itandcreatingpocketsofairthatallowthemetaltofloat

underjustaboutanycircumstance.Itsinventorsbelieveitcouldrevolutionizeshipdesignandcreatetruly

unsinkableboats.

Thesecretisaspecialpatternthatisetched（蝕亥!J）inlothesurfaceandthattrapsairandpreventswater

frommakingcontact,pushingitaway.Theteamsaysthissuperhydrophobic（超疏水的）etchingtechnique

wasinspiredbythenaturalworld.Thebodiesoffireantsahydrophobic,andspidersthatmakeunderwater

websusetheirbodiestotrapairandcarrythembeneaththesurface.

“Theessentialinsightisthatsuperhydrophobicsurfacescantrapalargeairvolume,whichpointstowards

thepossibilityofusingthesurfacestocreatebuoyantdevices,“theresearchersexplaininanewresearch

paper.

Todemonstratehowthemetalbehaves,theresearchersdesignedanexperimentwithtwoseemingly

identicalmetaldiscs.Oneofthediskswasnormalmetal,whiletheotherwasthesamematerialwiththe

specialetchingtechniqueapplied.Asyouknow,thesuperhydrophobicmetaldiscrefusedtosink,even

whenpusheddeepbeneaththewater.

Perhapsevenmoreimportantforreal-worldusecases,themetalkeepsitswater-repellingpropertieseven

whendamaged,Theresearchersdrilledseveralholesinthedisc,revealingthatitstillfloatedonthesurface

evenwhenitsstructuralintegritywasdamaged.Thisprovesthatmetaletchedinsuchawaycouldbe

usefulinthemanufacturingofboatsandships,allowingthemtoremainafloatevenwhendamaged.

【小題1]What,sthefeatureofthespecialmetal?

A.Itrepelsair.B.Itlookslikeafireant.C.Itisunsinkable.D.Itssurfaceiselegant.

【小題2】Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buoyant”inparagraph4mean?

A.Floating.B.Creative.C.Splendid.D.Artificial.

[小題3]Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheexperiment?

A.Byanalysingreasons.B?Bymakingcamparison.

C.ByapplyingpreviouBdata.D,Byconcludingdifierentviews.

【小題4]Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Themetalhasabrightfuture.B.Theexperimentisunsuccesaful.

C.Themetalhasbeenusedwidely.D.Theresearchersarefamousforthemetal.

三、七選五

6、【來源】2022年山西高三一模（A）第6?6題

Lifeoffersitsfairshareofchallenges.Atanygiventime,anyonecanfacedifficultsea-sonsintheirlife.It

istrueforyou.WhenyouYeexperiencingdifficulty,it'salwayshelpfultohaveasupportsystemtoget

throughit.【小題1】Knowingthis,thereareafewwaysyoucanbecome

supportiveofafamilymemberwhoisinthemidstofastruggle.

Offerlegalresources.Ifyouhavefamilymemberswhoareintroublewiththelaw,youcanoffer

assistancebypointinginthedirectionofvariouslegalresources,Youcanevendecidetocoverapartof

theirlegalfeesincourt.【小題2】

Provideencouragement.Whenpeoplearedownontheirluck,it*sreallyeasyforthemtogetdiscouraged

andgiveup.Instead,it'sawisemovetoofferwordsofencouragementtotheperson.Alwaysremindthem

thatthey'restrong,capableandmorepowerfulthantheyrealize.【小題3】

Beasafeplace.Sometimes,peoplestrugglebecausetheydon*tfeelanyloveorsupportfromanyone

aroundthem.【小題4】Betheirlightinthedarkplaces.Thiscandoso

muchforsomeonewhoiscarryingalotontheinside.

【小題5】Youneverwanttomakeapersonfeelliketheycan'tmakeit

withoutyouintheirlife.Ifyou'reallowingthefamilymembertolivewithyouforacertainperiodoftime,

bestrictaboutwhatneedstohappenduringthattime.Makesurethattheydevelopaplan,timelineand

measuredactionstepsthatcanhelpthemgetbackontheirfeet.

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

7、【來源】2022年山西高三一模（A）第7~7題

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填人1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Somestudentsmighthatetheideaofhomeworkbecauseitistimeconsuming.Othersmightthinkthat

homeworkisunnecessarybecauseallofthelearningisdoneintheclassroom.Idisagreewithbothof

these【小題1】(opinion)Ithinkthathomeworkisanimportantfactorin

a【小題2】(student)education.

Onereasonisthatithelpsyouunderstand【小題3】youhavelearnedin

class.WhenIwasstrugglingwithsolvingequations(方程式)，I【小題

4](give)homework.WhenIcamebacktoschoolthenextday,Iwasabletosolve

equationsmore【小題5】(easy).DukeUniversitydidastudyanditshows

homeworkhelpsmoststudents.Thestudyalsoshowsthathomeworkis【小題

6](use)becauseithelpstheteachersknowwhattheirstudentsarestrugglingwith.

Anotherreasonisthatdoinghomework【小題7】(help)studentsgetbetter

gradesintestsandexams.OxfordUniversityfoundoutthathighschoolstudentswhodoabouttwohours

ofhomeworkaremorelikely【小題8】(do)betteratschool.

Thelastreasonwhyhomeworkisimportantisthatitpreparesstudents【小題

9]therealworld.Homeworkisteachingmehowtogetinformationthroughrepetition.

Homeworkisteachingmepunctuality(守時)byhavingaduedate.TheUniversityofIllinoissaysthat

students【小題10】dohomeworkusuallyhavebetterstudyhabits.

五、短文改錯

8、【來源】2022年山西高三一模(A)第8~8題

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語

言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個

漏字符號0,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(》劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫

線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處，多

者(從第II處起)不計分。

Itisgenerallybelievedthereisagoodsupplyoffreshwater.Andtoourdisappointment,thefactwasjust

theopposite,Whatweknow,theworldpopulationisgrowingrapiddaybyday.Somuchfreshwateris

neededtofeedsoabigpopulation.Whafsthemore,withthedevelo