Unit1AdvertisingGrammarandusage

Directspeechandreportedspeechpublisheramazedseniordesignerrecommendpurchasebest-sellern.出版商,出版公司adj.大為驚奇adj.年長的;資歷較深的,

地位(或等級)較高的n.設(shè)計者，設(shè)計師vt.推薦vt.購買n.暢銷書，暢銷品WordspreviewT:Whatdidyoueatthismorning?S1:Iate…T:WhatdidS1say,S2?S2:S1saidhe/shehadeaten…directspeechreportedspeechShesaid,‘ChinahasbeenusingPSAstoeducatepeople.’ShesaidChinahadbeenusingPSAstoeducatepeople.reportedspeechdirectspeechWhat’rethedifferencesbetweendirectspeechandreportedspeech?Differencesdirectspeechreportedspeech◆Toreportwhatexactlyhasbeensaid◆Thewordsusuallyappearinquotationmarks◆Toreportthemeaningofwhathasbeensaidwithoutusingtheexactwords◆NoquotationmarksHowtochangedirectspeech

intoreportedspeechChangewhathasbeensaidtoan

objectclauseoraninfinitivephrase;b.Changepersonalpronouns;c.Changetenses;d.Changeadverbialsoftimeand

place;e.Othercases.Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.Changepersonalpronouns:Isaidtoher,“Ihavedonemybest.”ItoldherthatIhaddonemybest.DirectspeechReportedspeechDirectspeechReportedspeechSimplepresentSimplefuturePresentcontinuousPastperfectSimplepastPresentcontinuousPresentperfectPastcontinuousPastperfectPastperfectFutureinthepastPastperfectPastcon-tinuousThechangesofthetensesSimplepastPractice:Changethefollowingsentencesintoreportedspeech.1.‘Ihaven’tbroughtmydictionary,’thestudentsaid.2.Tomsaidtothem,‘Iwillgetexcited.’3.Myfathersaidtome,‘Iamreadingthebook.’Thestudentsaidthathehadn’tbroughthis

dictionary.Tomtoldthemthathewouldgetexcited.Myfathertoldmethathewasreadingthebook.1.Personalpronounsandtenses;2.Adverbialsoftimeandplace;Hesaid,‘Ilostakeyhere

yesterday.’Hesaidthathehadlostakeythere

the

daybefore/thepreviousday.

‘Ireadthebookhere

aweekago,’Janesaidtohim.Janetoldhimthatshehadreadthebookthere

aweekbefore.Whatshouldwepayattentionto?DirectspeechReportedspeechnowthentodaythatday/yesterday/onWednesday,etc.tomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday/onThursday,etc.yesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousday/onTuesday,etc.nextmonththemonthafter/thefollowingmonth/inJuly,etc.aweekagoaweekbefore/aweekearlier,etc.Practice:Changethefollowingsentencesintoreportedspeech.

1.‘Iwillcomeandseeyouagainnextweek,Tom,’hesaid.2.‘IsawTomlastnight,’shesaid.3.Thedoctorsaidtothepatient,‘Youwillhavetowaittill3pmtomorrow.’HetoldTomthathewould

goandseehimagainthefollowingweek.Shesaidthatshe’d

seen

Tom

thenightbefore.Thedoctortoldthepatientthathewouldhavetowaittill3pmthenext/followingday.DirectspeechReportedspeechthisthatthesethoseheretherecomegobringtake1.Personalpronounsandtense;2.Adverbialsoftimeandplace;3.Othercases.Whatelseshouldwepayattentionto?Shesaid,“I’llcome

hereagaintonight.”Shesaidshewouldgothereagainthatnight.Hesaid,“Iwantthis.”Hesaidthathewanted

that.MaysaidtoTom,“I’llbringsomephotosheretoyoutomorrow.”MaytoldTomshewouldtakesomephotos

there

tohimthenextday.由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況時態(tài)不變:1.不變的真理

Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”

→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.2.經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣：

Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”

→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.歷史事件：

Theteachersaid,“WorldWarIIendedin1945.”

→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarIIendedin1945.4.部分情態(tài)動詞,如must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：

Shesaidtome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.Exercise:Page9Possibleanswers:(1)was(2)wouldnbe(3)hadread(4)that(5)would(6)hadbought(7)that(8)would(9)those(10)herHowtousereportedspeechtoreport:statementsquestionsimperativesentences1.陳述句:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”

Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.tolddidn’tsheSarahtoldherfriendsthat

she

didn’t

likecomputers.Todsaid(that)therewasn’tanytroubleandthat

he

waswaitingforhischange.

注意:當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列時,僅能省略第一個that,其余的不能省略。Todsaid,“Thereisn’tanytroubleandI’mwaitingformychange(零錢)”.2.一般疑問句:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)They

askedhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.askediswasTheyaskedhimif

itwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3.特殊疑問句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouharvestthewheatyouharvestthewheat.heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.harvestedToreportimperativesentences,weusethestructure:

reportingverb+object+(not)+to-infinitive‘Don’tworry,Mickey,’Jensaid.

Jenasked

Mickey

not

toworry.*otherverbscanbeusedinthisstructure‘Don’tbelieveeveryadyouread,’Lilysaidtome.LilyadvisedmenottobelieveeveryadIread.reportingverbobject(not)to-infinitiveadviseencourageinviteremindwarn4.祈使句：直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)陳述句Janesaid,“I’mveryfondoftraveling.”that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句Janesaidthatshewasveryfondoftraveling.直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)一般疑問句“Isthisyourumbrella,Mary?”askedJohn.whether/if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句JohnaskedMaryifthatwasherumbrella.直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)特殊疑問句“Mary,whenwillyoureturnmethebook?”askedJohn.wh-詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句JohnaskedMarywhenshewouldreturnhimthebook.直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)祈使句Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)Let’s開頭的祈使句

Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.直接引語(變化前)間接引語(變化后)感嘆句Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”that/what/how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.

Practice:Changethefollowingsentences

intodirectspeech.1.TomsuggestedthatweshouldtranslatethebookintoEnglish.

2.Thestudentexplainedthathereallydidn’tknowhehadtofinishtheworkaweekbefore.

Tomsaid,‘You’dbettertranslatethebookintoEnglish.’Thestudentsaid,‘Ireallydon’tknowImustfinishtheworkaweekago.’3.Theteacherpromisedthathewouldgivehisstudentsafewholidaysattheendofthatmonth.

Theteachersaid,‘Iwillgivemystudentsafewholidaysattheendofthismonth.’Practice:Changethefollowingsentences

intoreportedspeech.1.Mymotheraskedme,‘DoyouwanttogototheGreatWallwithme?’2.Theteacheraskedtheboy,‘Howmanypageshaveyoureadtoday?’

MymotheraskedmewhetherIwantedtogototheGreatWallwithher.Theteacheraskedtheboyhowmanypageshehadreadthatday.3.IaskedLiYing,‘Whenandwherewereyouborn?’

IaskedLiYingwhenandwherehewasborn.Theteachersaid,‘You’dbetterwearsoftshoes.’Theteacheradvisedustowearsoftshoes.

Theteachersaid,‘Thinkaboutitcarefullybeforeyouanswer.’Theteacheraskedustothinkaboutitcarefullybeforeweanswered.Practice:Changethefollowingsentences

intoreportedspeech.Theteachersaid,

‘Don’tleaveyourhomeworkathome.’Theteacherremindedusnottoleaveourhomeworkathome.

Theteachersaid,‘Don’tworryaboutyourexam.’Theteachertoldusnottoworryaboutourexam.

Mybrother

ordered

meto

gothereatonce.

Myfather

warnedusnotto

throwthewastepapereverywhere.Mybrothersaid,‘Comehereatonce.’Myfathersaidtous,‘Don’tthrowthewastepapereverywhere.’Exercise:Page11A2

askedhowitcouldhelphimrememberEnglishwords.3

askedwhether/ifittaughtlisteningandspeaking.4

askedwhatthedesignerwoulddoifshewasnotsatisfiedwiththesoftware.5

askedwhether/ifitwaseasytouse.Exercise:Page11B2

encouragessus

touseinterestingandattractivephotos.3

recommends

us

we(should)useeye-catchinglogos.4

suggests

us

we(should)maketheslogansshortandeasytoremember.5

tells

us

tomakegooduseofcolourstoattractpeople’sattention.QuizI根據(jù)句型及句意將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞。1.

Alice

said,

“I've

just

got

a

letter

from

my

father.”

Alice

said

that

_____

_____just

got

a

letter

from

______

father.

sheherhad2.

Jane

asked

Dick,

“Have

you

finished

writing

the

report?”

Jane

asked

Dick

__________

___

____________

writing

the

report.

whether/ifhefinishedhad3.

“Don’t

grow

plants

in

the

same

place

year

after

year,”the

farmer

said.

The

farmer

_____

me

________

_____

plants

in

the

same

place

yearafter

year.

toldnotgrowto4.

Mr.

Smith

said

to

the

girl,

“I

will

come

here

to

see

you

next

Sunday.”

Mr.

Smith

_____

the

girl

that___

_______

___

there

to

see_________

__________

Sunday.

toldhewouldgoherthefollowingB)根據(jù)句型及句意將下列間接引語變?yōu)?/p>

直接引語，每空一詞。

1.

He

told

me

that

a

friend

in

need

is

a

friend

indeed.

He

____

____

me,

“A

friend

in

need___

a

friend

indeed.”

saidisto2.

She

asked

the

students

to

tidy

the

lab.

“______

the

lab,”she

_____

to

the

students.

3.

He

said

that

he

liked

the

film

very

much.

He

said,

“____

_____

the

film

very

much.”

TidysaidIlike4.

She

said

that

she

had

received

aletter

two

days

before.

She

said

,“___

_________

aletter

____

_____

____

.”5.

He

asked

me

whether

I

likedblack

tea

or

green

tea.

He

asked

me,

“____

____

_____

black

tea

or

green

tea?”

ItwodaysagoDoyou

like

receivedQuizII單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat___worried___.A.helooked…todayB.youlook…todayC.welooked…thatdayD.Ilooked…thatday2.Wesaidtoher,“They’rewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat___throughthestreet___.A.wewerewalking…thenB.youarewalking…nowC.theywerewalking…thenD.theywalking…now3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat__alongway__.A.Ihadwalked…lastweekB.hehadwalked…thatweekC.Iwalked…lastweekD.hehaswalked…thisweek4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat__takeitback____.A.Ishall…tomorrowB.Ishall…thenextdayC.heshould…tomorrowD.hewould…thenextday5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus____afraidtoleave_____house.A.thatwerewe…thisB.thatwewere…thatC.ifwerewe…thisD.ifwewere…that6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?”Janeasked____about_____.A.thatheheard…aweekagoB.whathehadheard…aweekbeforeC.w