醫(yī)學英文詞匯小結(jié)-RES2ASTHMA相關英文詞匯小結(jié)1.NationalAsthmaEducationandPreventionProgram(NAEPP)國家哮喘教育防治項目2.Susceptibleindividuals易感人群3.Recurrentepisodesofwheezing,breathlessness,chesttightness,andcoughing反復發(fā)作的喘息、氣短、胸痛、咳嗽4.airflowobstruction氣道阻塞5.reversibleeitherspontaneouslyorwithtreatment可自愈或治療后可逆6.bronchialhyperresponsiveness(BHR)支氣管高反應性7.avariabledegree不同程度的8.hypersecretion分泌增高9.bronchospasm支氣管痙攣10.Inhaledallergen吸入過敏原11.anearly-phaseallergicreaction早期過敏反應12.allergenspecificimmunoglobulinE(IgE)antibodies抗原特異性IgE抗體13.rapidactivationofairwaymastcellsandmacrophages,氣道肥大細胞巨噬細胞迅速激活14.proinflammatorymediators促炎因子15.histamine組胺17.eicosanoids類花生酸類物質(zhì)18.contractionofairwaysmoothmuscle氣道平滑肌收縮19.mucussecretion粘液分泌20.vasodilation血管舒張21.exudationofplasma血漿滲出22.adiabetogeniclifestyle(excessivecalories,inadequateexercise,andobesity)易導致糖尿病的生活方式（能量過度攝入、鍛煉不足、肥胖）23.engorged充滿的24.edematousairwaywall氣道壁水腫25.airwaylumen氣道腔26.reducedmucusclearance粘液清除減少27.late-phaseinflammatoryreaction遲發(fā)炎癥反應28.allergenprovocation過敏原激發(fā)29.recruitmentandactivationofeosinophils,Tlymphocytes,basophils,neutrophils,andmacrophages嗜酸性粒細胞，T淋巴細胞，堿性粒細胞，中性粒細胞，巨噬細胞招募和激活30.inflammatorymediators(leukotrienesandgranuleproteins)炎性因子（白三烯和顆粒蛋白）31.type2T-helpercellsTH2淋巴細胞32.interleukin[IL]-4,IL-5,andIL-13白介素-4,-5，-1333.type1T-helper(TH1)cellsTH1淋巴細胞34.IL-2andinterferon-γ白介素-2和干擾素γ35.Mastcelldegranulation肥大細胞脫顆粒36.chemotacticfactors趨化因子37.leukotrienesC4,D4,andE4白三烯C4，D4,E438.prostaglandins前列腺素39.platelet-activatingfactor(PAF)血小板激活因子40.Alveolarmacrophages肺泡巨噬細胞41.furtherstheinflammatoryprocess加劇炎性過程42.5-lipoxygenasepathwayofarachidonicacidmetabolism花生四烯酸代謝的5-脂氧酶途徑43.peptidases多肽酶44.matrixproteins基質(zhì)蛋白45.cytokines細胞因子46.nitricoxideNO46.Epithelialshedding表皮脫落47.heightenedairwayresponsiveness氣道高反應性48.alteredpermeabilityoftheairwaymucosa氣道粘膜通透性改變49.depletionofepithelial-derivedrelaxantfactors表皮來源舒張因子的減少50.sloughingofepithelialcellsintotheairwaylumen表皮細胞脫落至氣道腔內(nèi)51.impairmucociliarytransport影響纖毛運輸137.aerosolizedβ2-agonists霧化的β2受體激活劑138.nocturnalasthma夜間哮喘發(fā)作136.anindicatorofinadequateanti-inflammatorytreatment.預示著抗炎治療不足137.Corticosteroids糖皮質(zhì)激素138.increasethenumberofβ2-adrenergicreceptors增加β2受體數(shù)量139.improvereceptorresponsivenesstoβ2-adrenergicstimulation增加β2受體對激活劑的反應性140.reducemucusproduction/hypersecretion減少粘液生成或分泌增加141.reduceBHR（bronchialhyperresponsiveness）降低支氣管高反應性142.reduceairwayedemaandexudation降低氣道水腫與滲出143.checkadherence考察患者的依從性144.Intermittentasthma哮喘間斷發(fā)作145.Persistentasthma哮喘持續(xù)發(fā)作146.Intensityoftreatmentdependsonseverityofsymptoms根據(jù)癥狀的嚴重程度決定治療方案強度147.Stepwiseapproach(Stepup,Stepdown)階梯治療（上調(diào)、下調(diào)）148.Isoproterenol異丙腎上腺素149.Pirbuterol吡布特羅150.Terbutaline特布他林151.Comparativedoses等效劑量152.once-dailydosingindications每日一次給藥的適應癥153.tapereddown逐漸下調(diào)劑量154.maximumimprovement癥狀的最大改善155.dose-dependent劑量依賴的156.oropharyngealcandidiasis口腔念珠菌病157.dysphonia失聲、發(fā)音苦難158.spacerdevice儲霧罐159.enhancelungdelivery提高肺部藥物分布160.Prednisone潑尼松161.shortburst短期沖擊療法162.maintainthepatientonappropriatelong-termcontroltherapywithinhaledcorticosteroids給予患者長期吸入糖皮質(zhì)激素以控制癥狀163.alternate-daytherapy隔日給藥方案164.Levalbuterol左旋沙丁胺醇165.beclomethasonedipropionate二丙酸倍氯米松166.Budesonide布地奈德167.Ciclesonide環(huán)索米松168.Methylxanthines甲基黃嘌呤169.Theophylline茶堿170.bronchodilation支氣管擴張171.nonselectivephosphodiesteraseinhibition非選擇性磷酸二酯酶抑制172.areineffectivebyaerosol吸入無效173.ethylenediamin乙二胺174.aminophylline氨茶堿175.susceptibletoinductionandinhibition由誘導和抑制影響176.largeinterpatientvariability個體差異巨大177.steady-staterange穩(wěn)態(tài)濃度范圍178.monitoringschedules監(jiān)測方案179.tachycardia心動過速180.jitteriness神經(jīng)過敏181.cardiactachyarrhythmias快速心律失常182.seizures癲癇發(fā)作183.durationofaction作用持續(xù)時間184.leukotrieneantagonists白三烯抑制劑185.Ipratropiumbromide異丙托溴銨186.tiotropiumbromide噻托溴銨187.muscarinicreceptorsM膽堿受體188.cholinergic-mediatedbronchoconstriction膽堿能街道的支氣管收縮189.MastCellStabilizers肥大細胞穩(wěn)定劑190.Cromolynsodium色甘酸鈉191.availableasametered-doseinhalerandnebulizersolution有MDI和供霧化吸入兩種劑型192.prophylaxis預防性治療193.regardlessofetiology無論病因194.achievemaximumbenefit取得最大獲益195.LeukotrieneModifiers白三烯調(diào)節(jié)劑196.Zafirlukast扎魯司特(Accolate?)197.montelukast孟魯斯特(Singulair?)198.reducetheproinflammatoryeffect減輕促炎效應200.leukotrieneD4白三烯D4201.takenonaregularbasis常規(guī)使用202.symptom-freeperiods無癥狀期203.withoutregardtofood與食物無關204.chewabletablet咀嚼片205.idiosyncraticsyndrome特發(fā)癥狀206.Churg–StrausssyndromeChurg–Strauss綜合征207.eosinophilicvasculitis嗜酸性粒細胞血管炎208.Zileuton齊留通(Zyflo?)209.CombinationControllerTherapy混合制劑療法210.budesonideandformoterol(Symbicort?)布地奈德聯(lián)合福莫特羅（信必可都保?）AZ211.fluticasonepropionateandsalmeterol氟替卡松聯(lián)合沙美特羅（Advair?)葛蘭素212.varieddosesoftheinhaledcorticosteroidwithafixeddoseofthelong-actingβ2agonist固定劑量的長效β2受體激動劑聯(lián)合不同劑量的吸入激素213.Theadditionofalong-actingβ2agonistallowsa50%reductionininhaledcorticosteroiddosage.加入長效β2受體激動劑可降低吸入激素劑量至50%214.Omalizumab(Xolair?)奧馬珠單抗（索雷爾?）Roche215.anti-IgEantibody抗IGE抗體216.baselinetotalserumIgE基線血清總IgE217.a0.2%incidenceofanaphylaxis過敏性反應（嚴重）發(fā)生率0.2%218.occurredupto24hoursafterinjection可以在注射后24小時后發(fā)生219.interferencewithnormalactivities影響正常生活220.Validatedquestionnaires公認的問卷221.AsthmaThera