Freetalk:Haveyoueverexperiencedanynaturaldisasters?

volcano(火山)sandstorm(沙塵暴)Canyoutellsomekindofnaturaldisasters?第一頁(yè)第二頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。drought(旱災(zāi))tsunami(海嘯)typhoon（臺(tái)風(fēng)）fire(火災(zāi)）第二頁(yè)第三頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Whathappened?Whatcanyouseeinthispicture?Everythingwasdestroyed(毀滅)Thecitybecameruin(廢墟)Earthquake第三頁(yè)第四頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。EarthquakeofTangshaninChina

in1976Thecracks

cutacrosstheroads.Thebuildingsfelldown.第四頁(yè)第五頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Manythingsweredestroyed,suchas…bridgerailwaybuildings第五頁(yè)第六頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Agreatnumberofpeoplediedandthenumberofpeoplelosingtheirhomeswaslarge.第六頁(yè)第七頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Whatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?①②③④BrightlightsintheskyChickensareflyinganddogsarebarking,,andPigsandcowsaretoonervoustoeat.Fishjumpoutthepond,andmicerunwildlyoutofthefields.Thewellhasdeepcracksinit,andthewaterinitrisesandfalls.第七頁(yè)第八頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。

Whatshallwedoifanearthquakehappens?Discussion第八頁(yè)第九頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Do

Don’tBeclosetotheoutsidewall.2.Stayonthebalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái))3.Jumpoutofthetallbuilding.4.Usethelift.1.Stayinasmallroom,suchaskitchenorbathroom.2.Hideunderthetableorbed,ifyouhaven’ttimetoescape,youmaystandclosetotheinsidewallwithsomethingscoveringonthehead.3.Ifyoustayintheopenair,keepoffthetallbuilding,andgotothefieldswithouttrees.第九頁(yè)第十頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Discussion:

Imaginethereisanearthquakenow,yourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.Youhavetimetotakeonlyonething.Whatwillyoutake?Why?第十頁(yè)第十一頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。personalwashingthingsabottleofwater

moneytorch(手電筒)mobilephonefoodandsweets

blanket(毯子)Whatwillyoutakewithyou?medicineYouwilltake:第十一頁(yè)第十二頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。TangShan'snewlookBraveCityofChinaWherethereislife,thereishope.只要人在，就有希望．第十二頁(yè)第十三頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。WhatdoyouthinkoftheearthquakeinWenchuan?Ican’tstandit.Because…TheearthquakehappenedinWenchuan,Sichuanprovince.第十三頁(yè)第十四頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Whatdoyouthinkoftheearthquake?Idon’tlikeit.Because…terrible!第十四頁(yè)第十五頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。WhatdoyouthinkoftheChinesepeople?Ilovethem.Theyarefriendlyand...第十五頁(yè)第十六頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。WhatdoyouthinkofChina?IloveChina.Ibelieveit.Iamproudofit.信任以···為豪Holdon,China!video第十六頁(yè)第十七頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Queationsonthetext:Howlongdidittakethefirementogetthefireundercontrol?Hadallthetreesbeenburntornot?Whywerethesurroundingvillagesofthehillsthreatenedwithdestruction?Whatdidtheforestauthoritydoafterthefirehadbeenputout?Whathadbeguntoappearintheblackedsoilinplaceofthegreentrees?第十七頁(yè)第十八頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。controlsprayfloodsmokequantityauthoritydesolaterootgrass-seedthreatencenturydestructionsurroundingpatchblackenKeywords＆expressions第十八頁(yè)第十九頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★control

[k?n'tr?ul]

n.控制beincontrolofsth.指揮，管理或控制

Whoisincontroloftheplan?beundercontrol在控制之中

Thefirehasbeenundercontrol.火勢(shì)已受到控制。

Don’tworry,everythingisundercontrol.beoutofcontrol失去控制

Thefirewasoutofcontrol.大火失去了控制。v.Icancontrolit.=Icanmanageit.我能對(duì)付(口語(yǔ))

beinchargeofsth.第十九頁(yè)第二十頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★smoke[sm?uk]①n.煙（霧）fullofsmoke充滿煙霧Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪haveasmoke抽一只煙smokern.抽煙的人heavysmoker煙癮重的人；nonsmoker不抽煙的人②v.吸煙Don'tsmoke!=Nosmoking!Hesmokedheavily.smokingarea/smokingroom吸煙室cigarette=cigarn.香煙

第二十頁(yè)第二十一頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★desolate

[‘des?l?t,’des?leit]adj.荒涼的

adesolatehouse廢屋desolateadj.荒涼的（與地方相連，表示無(wú)人居住,荒無(wú)人煙的）；極度孤獨(dú)的(與人相連時(shí))adesolatehilllonelyadj.孤獨(dú)的，荒涼的，偏僻的（與地方連表示孤零零的，但并不表示無(wú)人居住）

第二十一頁(yè)第二十二頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★threaten

['θret?n]

v.①威脅threatentodosth.威脅著要做……（與人相連）；有跡象表明……Hethreatenedtomakethephotopublic.threatensb.withsth.以……來(lái)威脅/恐嚇某人Thethiefthreatenedhimwithaknife.②有……預(yù)兆Itthreatenedtorain.有跡象表明天要下雨了。聯(lián)想：blackmail，steal，rob第二十二頁(yè)第二十三頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★surrounding[s?'raundi?]

①adj.周?chē)膖hesurroundingcountry近郊②(pl.)n.周?chē)氖挛铮h(huán)境schoolsurroundingssurroundv圍繞，包圍，圍住Iliveinanoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.atmospheren.大氣層,氛圍(在周邊的人文環(huán)境)

第二十三頁(yè)第二十四頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★destruction[di'str?k??n]n.①破壞,毀滅Thefirecausedthedestructionofmybooks.②引起毀壞的原因Pridewasherdestruction.驕傲是她致命的弱點(diǎn)。destructiveadj.破壞性的adestructivefiredestroyv.破壞constructv.建設(shè)(為……創(chuàng)造更好的條件)constructionn.建設(shè),建筑constructionbank建設(shè)銀行

第二十四頁(yè)第二十五頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★flood

[fl?d]①n.洪水,水災(zāi)attheflood漲潮，在最有利的時(shí)機(jī)afloodoftears淚如泉涌②v.淹沒(méi)Theroomisfloodedwithwater.③v.溢滿Warmthfloodedmyheart.rowagainsttheflood逆水行舟我心里熱乎乎的。第二十五頁(yè)第二十六頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★authority

[?:'θ?r?ti]n.①當(dāng)局(常復(fù)authorities)thehealthyauthorities②權(quán)力，職權(quán)theauthorityforenteringroom③權(quán)威人士，來(lái)源SheisanauthorityonSpanish.第二十六頁(yè)第二十七頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★spray

[sprei]

v.噴撒spraysth.

over/on往……上噴灑spraywaterover/onflowerspraygrass-seedover/ontheground

★grass-seed

草籽grassland草地grass-seeder草籽播種機(jī)grassroots群眾第二十七頁(yè)第二十八頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★quantity

['kw?nt?ti]n.（數(shù)）量quantitiesof大量的……=inlargequantity大量少量quality['kw?l?ti]

n.質(zhì)量sth.withgoodquality具有好質(zhì)量的東西Ipreferqualitytoquantity.small第二十八頁(yè)第二十九頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★root

[ru:t,rut]①n.根，根莖therootofatree②n.本質(zhì);根源therootoftheproblem③v.使立定不動(dòng)；使固定Fearrootedhertotheground.takeroot生根

★century[‘sent?uri]n.世紀(jì)；百年attheturnofthecentury在世紀(jì)之交她嚇得呆若木雞。第二十九頁(yè)第三十頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★patch

[p?t?]①n.(平面上的)一片,補(bǔ)丁(本意)pantsfullofpatchesapatchof一小片；patchesof許多片

patchesofsunshine斑駁的陽(yáng)光apieceof/abitof/asheetof一片，一塊……

②v.修補(bǔ)patchtheroofabadpatch倒霉時(shí)期agoodpatch走運(yùn)時(shí)期第三十頁(yè)第三十一頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Keywords＆expressions★blacken

['bl?k?n]①v.變黑，發(fā)暗Thesmokehasblackenedthewalls.煙把墻熏黑了。②誹謗Jimblackenedhisdeskmatebygivinghimnames.-en后綴表示動(dòng)詞，譯為“使……變得……”weakadj.虛弱的——>weakenv.使……變?nèi)?，削弱Widenloosenwhitendeependarken…..第三十一頁(yè)第三十二頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Languagepoints1、Firemenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.

◆fightsth.和……作搏斗fightforfreedom為自由而戰(zhàn)fightagoodfight打了一場(chǎng)漂亮的仗haveafightwinafight,loseafightgetitundercontrol表示“使它得到控制”第三十二頁(yè)第三十三頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Languagepoints2、Ashorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.

◆ashorttimebefore和ashorttimeago都可以與段時(shí)間相連ashorttimebefore不久以前，從過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間算起，一段時(shí)間以前（同義詞組：ashortwhilebefore,notlongago）ashorttimeago過(guò)去某段時(shí)間，從現(xiàn)在算起，一段時(shí)間以前greattrees參天大樹(shù)◆covershecoveredherfacewithherhands.Don'tjudgethebookbyitscover.◆formilesaround方圓幾英里（around表示“在周?chē)蛩闹堋保㏕hisistheonlymodernbuildingformilesaround.第三十三頁(yè)第三十四頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Languagepoints3、Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehills.

riseup(from)從升上來(lái)smokeriseup(煙、霧)彌漫risetoone'sfeet站起身riseintheworld出頭，發(fā)跡theriseandfalloftheRomanEmpire羅馬帝國(guó)的興衰Thesunrisesintheeast.第三十四頁(yè)第三十五頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Languagepoints4、Winterwascomingonandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonlywashawaythesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.

◆winterwascomingon冬季即將來(lái)臨(季節(jié)的來(lái)臨的通用表達(dá)式)，comeon的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示的是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，它在這里表示季節(jié)的“到來(lái)，來(lái)臨”：◆for因?yàn)椋捎冢ㄓ糜谥骶渲?，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由）I'llfollowhisadvice,forheisadoctor.下面兩個(gè)詞也可以表示原因：Asitisraining,let'sstayathome.Sinceyouhavenolicense,youarenotallowedtodrive.◆washaway沖掉，沖走，洗掉Awoodenbridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.第三十五頁(yè)第三十六頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Languagepoints5、Whenthefirehadatlastbeenputout,theforestauthoritiesorderedseveraltonsofaspecialtypeofgrass-seedwhichwouldgrowquickly.◆putout撲滅order定購(gòu)Wecanordersomemorebooksonline.命令，吩咐ordersbtodoHeorderedthearmytocircletheenemy.◆type強(qiáng)調(diào)與其他同類的東西有明顯不同的特征的種類，與kind有區(qū)別

第三十六頁(yè)第三十七頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Languagepoints6、Theplaneshadbeenplantingseedfornearlyamonthwhenitbegantorain.plantseed/sowseed播種7、Bythen,however,inmanyplacesthegrasshadalreadytakenroot.

takeroot表示“生根”，這個(gè)短語(yǔ)也可以表示某處思想/想法等“扎根”：Thistypeofgrasstakesrooteasily.Theideahastakenrootinhismind.

第三十七頁(yè)第三十八頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Languagepoints8、Inplaceofthegreattreeswhichhadbeengrowingthereforcenturiespatchesofgreenhadbeguntoappearintheblackenedsoil.◆inplaceof替代，取代(只能指代位置、空間，原來(lái)放的東西現(xiàn)在不在了)JaneansweredthephoneinplaceofMary.inplace恰當(dāng)?shù)?，在恰?dāng)?shù)奈恢蒙螴liketohaveeverythinginplace.我喜歡樣樣事都恰得其所。outofplace不得其所Hisdresswasoutofplaceattheceremony.taketheplaceof=replaceWhowilltaketheplaceofMrWhite?誰(shuí)將代替懷特先生？insteadof替代+沒(méi)做的事Insteadofstayinghome,Iwenttoschool.（此句就不能用“inplaceof”，而指地點(diǎn)空間時(shí)，既可以用“inplaceof”也可以用“insteadof”。）時(shí)間聯(lián)想：second，minute，hour，day,month,season,year,decade,century，millennium[mi'leni?m]千禧年◆greens蔬菜，vegetable，greengrocery，grocery第三十八頁(yè)第三十九頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Grammar一、構(gòu)成：hadbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞二、concept1、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)某動(dòng)作在過(guò)去更早的某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直在進(jìn)行，并對(duì)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。與它經(jīng)常連用的表示時(shí)間的詞有before,for,since,allday等.Shewasverytired.Shehadbeentypinglettersalldays.I’dbeenracinghorsesforyearsbeforeImetmywife.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

（thepastperfectprogressivetense)第三十九頁(yè)第四十頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Grammar1.構(gòu)成，had+過(guò)去分詞2.概念，它表示過(guò)去某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或情況，即“較早的過(guò)去”。常用的連詞有when,after,assoonas,(not)until,bythattime,(never)before,already,for,since,just等。Afterhehadsaidgoodbyetousall,CaptainAlisonstartedhisjourney.除此之外還常與連詞nosooner…than和hardly…when連用。Hehadhardlyhadtimetosettledownwhenhesoldthehouseandleftthecountry.過(guò)去完成時(shí)（Thesimplepastperfecttense)第四十頁(yè)第四十一頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Grammar過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的比較1、過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可以替換使用：Danhadworked/hadbeenworkingforthefirmforfifteenyearswhenIfirstmethim.我第一次遇到丹時(shí)，他已在該公司干了15年了。2.Shehadcleanedtheoffice,soitwasverytidy.她已經(jīng)打掃過(guò)辦公室了，所以很整潔。

(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)

Shehadbeencleaningtheoffice,sowehadtowaitoutside.

她一直在打掃辦公室，所以我們不得不在外面等著。

(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行)第四十一頁(yè)第四十二頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Grammar過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的比較3、需要表示某個(gè)工作已經(jīng)完成時(shí)，只能用過(guò)去完成時(shí).WhenIgothome,IfoundthatJillhadbeenpaintingherroom.我回到家時(shí)，看見(jiàn)吉爾在粉刷她的房間。（工作尚未完成）WhenIgothome,IfoundthatJillhadpaintedherroom.我回到家時(shí)，吉爾已經(jīng)粉刷過(guò)她的房間了。（已完成）WhenIarrived,they’dalreadyputthefireout.我到達(dá)時(shí)，他們已經(jīng)把火撲滅了。（不可用過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）P285第四十二頁(yè)第四十三頁(yè)，共49頁(yè)。Exercises

1.theyreceivedtheparcelthatthey___foralongtime.A.expectedB.haveexpectedC.hadbeenexpectingD.hadexpected2.He__morethan5,000Englishwordswhenheentereduniversityattheageof15.A.haslearnedB.wouldhavelearnedC.learnedD.hadlearned3.Shedidn’tpasstheexamsbecauseshe___herlessonswell.A.wasn’tpreparedB.wasn’tbeenpreparedC.hadn’tpreparedD.waspreparing4.We_