Unit5Period2ReviewUsefulStructures1.能理解長句和難句的類別和運用；2.能在語境中從句法、結(jié)構(gòu)、語義和語篇功能中分析長難句。新課導(dǎo)入1.Sotryafewtestsonlineandstartthinkingaboutyourfuturecareerrightnow!2.Thisisbecauseyourcareerisaveryimportantpartofwhoyouare.3.Thetopthreescoresareusedtomakeacodethatindicatestheparticipant’soverallworkpersonality.4.Thebesttimetostartthinkingaboutpossiblecareersiswhileyouarestillatschool，beforeyoumakeanychoicesaboutyourfurthereducation.Observethefollowingboldwordsofsentences,thenjudgetheirtypesoflongsentences.compoundsentencecompound-complexsentencecomplexsentencecompound-complexsentence課堂學(xué)習(xí)Findthefollowingtypesoflongsentencesinthereadingtext.1AcompoundsentenceBcomplexsentence

Ccompound-complexsentenceAcompoundsentenceTherearemanyfreetestsonline,sogiveoneatry.Sotryafewtestsonlineandstartthinkingaboutyourfuturecareerrightnow!BcomplexsentenceAsanadult,oneofthefirstquestionsyouareaskedwhenmeetingsomeonenewis,“Whatdoyoudo?”Thebesttimetostartthinkingaboutpossiblecareersiswhileyouarestillatschool,beforeyoumakeanychoicesaboutyourfurthereducation.Thetopthreescoresareusedtomakeacodethatindicatestheparticipant’soverallworkpersonality.However,itisimportanttorememberthattheyareonlymeantforguidance.Thesecrettoagoodcareerisfindingsomethingthatyouarepassionateabout.Ccompound-complexsentenceThecareeryouhavedefinesyourlife,andsotakingtimetothinkaboutitisanessentialexerciseforyoungpeople.Somepeopleknowwhattheywanttodofromayoungage,butmanyothersjusthaveafewideasbouncingaroundintheirheads.Theresultsofthetestwilltellyouaboutyourstrengthsandinterests,andsometestsalsosuggestcareersthatyoumaybesuitedto.Thecareersuggestionsarealsobasedonyoureducationandexperiencelevel,butyoucanlookathigher-levelcareersaswell,whichisveryusefulforhighschoolstudents.Forexample,youcouldlookatthebasiccareerstoseewhatworkyoumightlikenow,andthenlookatthemoreadvancedcareerssoyouknowwhatyoumayliketoaimforinthefuture.句子按結(jié)構(gòu)可分為簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。一、簡單句(SimpleSentences)簡單句是只有一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)構(gòu)成的句子。例如：長句用法HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.

他經(jīng)常在早上讀英語。TomandMikeareAmericanboys.

湯姆和邁克是美國男孩。(加黑部分為并列主語，只有一個謂語，

仍為簡單句)Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.

她喜歡畫畫，經(jīng)常為墻報畫畫。(加黑部分為并列謂語，只有一個

主語，仍為簡單句)二、并列句(CompoundSentences)(一)并列句的構(gòu)成包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子叫并列句，句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接。例如：

Thefoodwasgood，buthehadlittleappetite.

食物很好，但他卻沒什么胃口。Oneoftheclock’shandsisshort;theothertwoarelong.鐘的一根指針短，另兩根指針長。(二)并列句的分類1.并列關(guān)系and，notonly...butalso，neither...nor，both...and，not...but。NeitherTomnorJackhasfinishedthehomework.湯姆和杰克都沒有完成家庭作業(yè)。Notcouldn’ttheycompletethetask，butthetaskwastootough.不是他們完不成任務(wù)，而是任務(wù)太難了。2.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系but，yet，whereas，nevertheless(但是；然而)。Johnlikesplayingbasketball，buthedidn’tplayityesterday.約翰喜歡打籃球，但他昨天沒打。Janesaidthatshewasill，yet/but/whereasIsawherinthestreetjustnow.簡說她病了，但我剛才還在街上看見她了。3.選擇關(guān)系or，otherwise，orelse，either...or。Wemusthurry，orwe’llmissthetrain.

我們必須快點，否則會趕不上火車。EitheryoucometomyplaceorIgotoyours.

或者你到我這兒來，或者我到你那兒去。4.因果關(guān)系for，so。Wehadbetterstayathome，foritwasraining.我們最好待在家里，因為天正在下雨。Hedidn’tworkhard，sohefailedintheexamination.他學(xué)習(xí)不努力，因此這次考試不及格。5.對比關(guān)系

while。IdoeverysinglebitofhouseworkwhilemyhusbandTomjustwashesdishesnowandthen.我做所有的家務(wù)，而我的丈夫湯姆只是偶爾洗洗盤子。6.祈使句＋and/or＋簡單句，祈使句表示一個條件，and引導(dǎo)的簡單句表示一個承接的結(jié)果，or引導(dǎo)的簡單句表示一個相反的結(jié)果，簡單句使用一般將來時態(tài)。Readthisstory，andyouwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.

閱讀這個故事，你會意識到并不是所有的東西都可以用錢買到。Taketheflowersintoawarmroom，ortheywilldiequickly.

把這些花拿到暖和的房間里去，否則它們會很快死去。三、復(fù)合句(ComplexSentences)(一)主從復(fù)合句的結(jié)構(gòu)由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫復(fù)合句。在復(fù)合句中主句是全句的主體，從句是全句的一個成分，不能獨立。主句與從句之間用關(guān)聯(lián)詞連接起來。此時關(guān)聯(lián)詞也叫從屬連詞，它在主語與從句之間起連接作用。例如：Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.我們到達(dá)電影院的時候，電影已經(jīng)開演了。(二)主從復(fù)合句的分類根據(jù)從句對主句的修飾、限定和補充作用，主從復(fù)合句主要分為名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句。1.名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

從屬連詞：that，whether，if(不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)連接代詞：what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which，whichever連接副詞：when，where，how，why，whenever，whereverJohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。2.定語從句

(1)定語從句在句中作定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。

關(guān)系代詞有：who，whom，whose，that，which，as等。關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

關(guān)系副詞有：when，where，why等。關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作時間、地點和原因狀語。Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?

他就是想見你的人嗎？Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.

那人車壞了，他們都跑過去幫忙。

Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.

農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。

I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.

我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記與你共事的日子。

Asweknow，smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.

正如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。(who/that在從句中作主語)(whose在此用來指人，在從句中作car的定語)(which/that在從句中作主語)(when在從句中作狀語，可替換成介詞in＋which)(as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可位于主句前面)3.狀語從句狀語從句指句子用作狀語時，起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。狀語從句一般由連詞(從屬連詞)引導(dǎo)，也可以由詞組引導(dǎo)。按意義可以分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等狀語從句。Ididn’tmanagetodoituntilyouhadexplainedhow.

直到你教我后，我才會做。Since/Astheweatherissobad，wehavetodelayourjourney.

由于天氣那么糟，我們不得不推遲我們的旅程。Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.

你必須大點聲，這樣別人就都能聽見了。(時間狀語從句)(原因狀語從句)(目的狀語從句)Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tgotoschool.這男孩年齡太小，不能上學(xué)。Aslongaswedon’tloseheart，we’llturnourdreamsintorealities.只要我們不灰心，我們就會把夢想變成現(xiàn)實。Althoughit’sraining，theyarestillworkinginthefields.雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫睢?結(jié)果狀語從句)(條件狀語從句)(讓步狀語從句)四、并列復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句指并列句、復(fù)合句混合在一個句子里，英語叫Compound-ComplexSentences?；蛘哒f，一個句子里包含著多種關(guān)系：既有并列關(guān)系，又有復(fù)合關(guān)系。例如：IadmireTim,buthedoesn’tadmireme,althoughItryhardtoimpresshim.我欽佩蒂姆，但他并不欽佩我，盡管我努力想給他留下深刻印象。Evenifyoufail,atleastyoutry,andyouareabetterpersonforit.即使你失敗了，至少你努力了，而且你是做這個事情的理想人選。前1、2分句是并列關(guān)系，而第1、2分句與第3分句之間又是主從復(fù)合關(guān)系。前1、2分句是主從復(fù)合關(guān)系，而第1、2分句與第3分句之間又是并列關(guān)系。Changethesesimplesentencesintolongsentences.Payattentiontotheconnectorsyouneedtouse.21.Careerguidanceoughttobeincludedathighschool.Theschoolshouldalsoofferaworkexperience.2.Dreamingtobecomesomebodygreatiseasy.Workingtoachieveyourdreamcanbequitehard.Careerguidanceoughttobeincludedathighschool,andtheschoolshouldalsoofferaworkexperienceprogramme.Dreamingtobecomesomebodygreatiseasy,butworkingtoachieveyourdreamcanbequitehard.3.Youneverknowwhereyou’llbeworkinginthefuture.Learnasmuchaspossible.Studyaforeignlanguage.Itiswisetodothesethingsforthesakeofyourfuture.4.Socialoccupationsrequirecommunicatingwithpeople.Thisofteninvolveshelpingorprovidingservicetootherpeople.5.AIisdevelopingrapidly.Lawyers,teachers,librarians,drivers,andreceptionistsmayfindtheirjobsreplacedbyAIinthefuture.Manypeoplebelievethistobetrue.Youneverknowwhereyou’llbeworkinginthefuture,solearnasmuchaspossibleandstudyaforeignlanguage,becauseitiswisetodothesethingsforthesakeofyourfuture.Socialoccupations,whichofteninvolvehelpingorprovidingservice,requirecommunicatingwithpeople.ManypeoplebelievethatsinceAIisdevelopingrapidly,lawyers,teachers,librarians,drivers,andreceptionistsmayfindtheirjobsreplacedbyAIinthefuture.Completethesentencesusingwhat,which,that,who,andhow.3AdviceonMakingaCareerPlan______ATheplanwillrequireyoutofocuson______youwanttodoand_____toachieveit.______BAcareerplanmakesyouthinkaboutyourfuture,including_______careersinterestyoumostand__________skillsandtrainingsyouwillneedtosucceed.______COfcourse,theCVshouldbetailoredtomatchthecareersinyourplan,______willleaveyouwellpreparedtomakethemostofallopportunities______________becomeavailabletoyou.whathowwhatwhich/whatwhichwhich/what______DFinally,forusefulinformationon_____todecideoncareersand_____toputinyourCV,findsomewebsites_________specialiseincareeradviceorgotosomeone______canhelp.______EAlongwithyourcareerplan,youshouldalsothinkaboutaCV,_______isessentialforshowingyourpotentialemployersyourskillsandexperiences.______FThesetwothingsare______youshouldstartthinkingaboutrightnow,astheysafeguardyourfuture,______isimportanttoeveryone.howwhatwhich/thatwhowhichwhatwhichAdviceonMakingaCareerPlanATheplanwillrequireyoutofocusonwhatyouwanttodoandhowtoachieveit.BAcareerplanmakesyouthinkaboutyourfuture,includingwhatcareersinterestyoumostandwhatskillsandtrainingsyouwillneedtosucceed.COfcourse,theCVshouldbetailoredtomatchthecareersinyourplan,whichwillleaveyouwellpreparedtomakethemostofallopportunitieswhatbecomeavailabletoyou.DFinally,forusefulinformationonhowtodecideoncareersandwhattoputinyourCV,findsomewebsitesthatspecialiseincareeradviceorgotosomeonewhocanhelp.EAlongwithyourcareerplan,youshouldalsothinkaboutaCV,whichisessentialforshowingyourpotentialemployersyourskillsandexperiences.FThesetwothingsarewhatyoushouldstartthinkingaboutrightnow,astheysafeguardyourfuture,whichisimportanttoeveryone.Thenputthesentencesintothecorrectordertomakeacompletepassage.124536Readthetwoprofilesbelow.Writeaparagraphaboutoneofthemoranyotherpersonyouadmire.Trytomakethesentencesworktogethereffectively.4KarlMarx;18