目錄

2017年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

言學(xué)考研真題

2016年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

言學(xué)考研真題

2015年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

言學(xué)考研真題

2014年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

言學(xué)考研真題

2013年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

言學(xué)考研真題

2012年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院817英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)

言學(xué)考研真題

2017年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)考研真題

科目代碼及名稱(chēng)：820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)適用專(zhuān)業(yè)：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)01、03方向

考生

（請(qǐng)考生在答題紙上答題，在此試題紙上答題無(wú)效）

I.Definethefollowingterms.(30points)

1．exocentric;

2．phonology;

3．root;

4．converseantonymy;

5．Nida’sclassificationofculture;

6．constative

II.Analyses.(30points)

1．UsetreediagramsinICanalysistoclarifythegivenconstructions.(15

points)

(1)beautifulcitiesandvillages

(2)Chinesegeographyteachers

(3)Theboywascrying.

2．Describethefollowingsoundsegments.(15points)

(1)/d/;

(2)/n/;

(3)/θ/;

(4)/?/;

(5)/?/;

(6)/?:/

III.Answerthegivenquestionsbelow.(40points)

1．Whataresomeimportantcontributionsthatsociolinguisticshasmadeto

linguisticstudies?(10points)

2．DoyouthinktherearetruesynonymsinEnglish?Why(not)?(10points)

3．InwhatwaydowesayChineseisatonelanguage?(10points)

4．Whatisthedistinctionbetweeninflectionalaffixesandderivational

affixes?(10points)

IV.Writeashortessayinabout500wordsonthegiventopic.(50points)

Whatisyourunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageand

literature?

2016年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)考研真題

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I.Definethefollowingterms.(50points)

1．I-narrator;

2．locutionaryact;

3．Sapir-WhorfHypothesis;

4．reference;

5．relationalopposites;

6．exocentricconstruction;

7．back-formation;

8．blending;

9．phonology;

10．competence

II.Answerthetwogivenquestions.(30points)

1．Doyouagreewiththeviewthatnolanguageisespeciallysimple?

2．Howdoeslanguagerelatetoculture?

III.Analyses.(20points)

1．Writeoutthedifferentmeaningsofthefollowingtwoambiguous

constructions.(10points)

(1)Thechickenistoohottoeat.

(2)Visitingrelativescanbeboring.

2．Dothecomponentialanalysisonthelexicalmeaningsofthegivenwords

below.(10points)

(1)raise;

(2)wife

IV.Writeashortessayinabout500wordsoneitherofthetwotopicsbelow.

(50points)

1．Incognitivelinguistics,metaphorisnotafigureofspeechmerely,itis

conceptual.Inwhatsenseismetaphorsaidtobeconceptual?

2．GiveacommentonNoamChomsky’sInnatenessHypothesis.

2015年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)考研真題

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I.Discriminatethefollowingpairsofterms.(25points)

1．psycholinguisticsvs.cognitivelinguistics;

2．errorvs.mistake;

3．competencevs.communicativecompetence;

4．synchronicvs.diachronic;

5．phoneticsvs.phonology.

II.Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.Ifitistrue,

writeAontheanswersheet;ifitisfalse,writeBonit.(20points)

1．Thestudyoflanguageinuseiscalledpragmatics.

2．Chomskyhasbeencalledfatherofmodernlinguistics.

3．Theideathatthemeaningofasentencedependsonthemeaningsofthe

constituentwordsandthewaytheyarecombinedisusuallyknownasthe

principleofcompositionality.

4．Therearethreemainsubtypesofantonymy:gradableantonymy,converse

antonymy,andrelationalantonymy.

5．Wecandivideasyllableintotwoparts,theRHYME(orRIME)andthe

ONSET.ThevowelwithintherhymeistheNUCLEUS,withthe

consonant(s)afterittermedtheCODA.

6．Thestudyofhowwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesiscalledsyntax.

7．Thesound[s]issharedby“maps”and“keeps”asacommonmorpheme.

8．Whenweuseasimplesetofsymbolsinourtranscription,itiscalleda

NARROWTRANSCRIPTION.

9．Thechangeofthenegativeprefix“in-”to“im-”whenpreceding/p/is

throughaprocesscalledassimilation.

10．Thelowertermsforasuperordinateareclassmembers.

11．Gardenpathsentencesaresentencesthatareinitiallyinterpretedwitha

differentstructurethantheyactuallyhave.

12．Astemisanymorphemeorcombinationofmorphemestowhicha

derivationalaffixcanbeadded.

13．Theword“interpersonal”consistsofthreemorphemes.

14．Nouns,adverbs,andadjectivesbelongtofunctionwords.

15．Polymorphemicwordswhichconsistwhollyoffreemorphemesare

calledcompounds.

16．LangueisdefinedbySaussureastheconcreteutterancesofaspeaker.

17．Positionalrelation,orwordorder,referstothesequentialarrangement

ofwordsinalanguage.

18．Allthewordsinalanguagecanbeusedtoreferto,butonlysomehave

senses.

19．Senseisregardedasakindofintralinguisticrelationship.

20．Theword“baby-sit”isanexocentriccompound.

III.Answerthefollowingquestions.(30points)

1．HowdoyoucommentonPaulHerbertGrice’sCP(COOPERATIVE

PRINCIPLE)?

2．HowdoyouinterpretREGISTER?

IV.Analysis.(25points)

Writedownthephoneticsymbolaccordingtoeachofthefollowing

descriptions,andthengiveanEnglishwordthatcontainsthissound.(10

points)

2．DisambiguatethegiventwoconstructionsbelowusingIC(immediate

constituent)analysis.Treediagramsarerequired.(10points)

(1)Johnlovesoldtownsandvillages.

(2)Thechildrenwatchedthefireworkfromthehill.

3．Writeoutthesemanticcomponentsofeachword.(5points)

(1)raise;

(2)wife

V.Writeashortessayinabout500wordsoneitherofthetwotopicsbelow.

(50points)

1．InChinese,expressionsformovingfromonecitytoanotherbywayof

yetanothercitymusttaketheform‘fromXpass-throughYtoZ’,andcannot

beexpressedas‘fromXtoZpass-throughY’.Howwouldyoucharacterize

theform-meaningrelationshipexhibitedbytheseChineseexpressions?

2．Isitnecessarytodistinguishbetweensemanticsandpragmatics?Please

argueforyourview.

2014年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)考研真題

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I.Definethefollowingterms.(25分)

1．designfeatures;

2．a(chǎn)llophone;

3．morpheme;

4．subordination;

5．construal

II.Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.Ifitistrue,

writeAontheanswersheet;ifitisfalse,writeBonit.(20分)

1．Langueistheconcreteutterancesofaspeaker,whileparoleisthe

languagesystemsharedbya“speechcommunity”.

2．Cardinalvowelsareasetofactualvowelsintendedtoprovideaframeof

referenceforthedescriptionofothervowels.

3．WhileChineseisanintonationlanguage,Englishisatonelanguage.

4．Inthewordfriendship,friendisaroot,butnotastem.

5．Thetypeofword-formationwherethewordteleviseisderivedfrom

televisionbydeletingthesuffix-sioniscalledback-formation.

6．Whenvarietiesoflanguageareclassifiedintermsoftheirusers,theyare

calledregisters.

7．Accordingtothenotionsofconstructionandconstituent,thelargest

constructioninalanguageistext.

8．ThewordPREDICATORissuggestedforverborverbsincludedina

predicate.

9．Theverbunderstandisconstative.

10．WilliamLabovisafamouspsycholinguist.

11．RelevancetheorywasfirstproposedbyStephenLevinsoninhisbook

Relevance:CommunicationandCognitionin1986.

12．Metalanguagereferstoalanguageusedfortalkingaboutordescribing

anotherlanguage.

13．Hyponymyisthenameforoppositenessrelation,whichincludesthree

mainsub-types.

14．Byarbitrariness,wemeantheformsoflinguisticsignsbearnonatural

relationshiptotheirmeaning.

15．Allthewordsinalanguagehavesenses,butonlysomecanbeusedto

referto.

16．AccordingtoLakoffandJohnson,“Hishopebegantoballoonquickly”

representsanontologicalmetaphor.

17．ApopularterminStylistics,backgrounding,definedbyLeechandShort

as“artisticallymotivateddeviation”involvesalllevelsoflanguage:

vocabulary,sound,syntax,meaning,graphology,andsoon.

18．Poetrycanexploitthewayweusestresswhenwespeaktocreate

rhythms.Whenstressisorganizedtoformregularrhythms,thetermusedfor

itismeter.

19．TheEnglishsentenceIfonlyIcouldfly!isinimperativemood.

20．Radarisanexampleofblending.

III.Answerthefollowingquestions.(30分)

1．WhatistheSapir-WhorfHypothesis?

2．Whatisspeechacttheory?Pleaseillustratethethreespeechactsusing

oneexample.

3．HowdoyouunderstandNoamChomsky’stheory?

IV.Analysis.(25分)

1．Writedownthephoneticsymbolaccordingtoeachofthefollowing

descriptions,andthengiveanEnglishwordthatcontainsthissound.(10分)

2．Treediagramtheimmediateconstituentsofeachofthefollowing

constructions,disambiguatingitifnecessary.(10分)

(1)thesetwooldestbridges

(2)theWardenofNewCollege’sLodgings

3．Writeoutthesemanticcomponentsofeachword.(5分)

(1)rise;

(2)girl

V.Writeashortessayinabout500wordsoneitherofthetwotopicsbelow.

(50分)

1．HowislinguisticsbeneficialfortheEnglishlanguagelearning?

2．HowdoyouviewtheroleChineseplaysinthestudyofEnglish?

2013年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院820英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)考研真題

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I.Definethefollowingterms.(20%)

(1)register;

(2)construction;

(3)phonetics;

(4)foregrounding

II.Dotheanalysisasrequired.(20%)

1．Disambiguatethefollowingsentences,usingatreediagramwhen

necessary.(10%)

(1)Thechickensaretoohottoeat.

(2)QuarterofamillionChineseliveonwater.

2．Analyzethefollowingwordsintomorphemesandthenidentifythefree

morphemesandboundmorphemes.(10%)

(1)international;

(2)selfish;

(3)happiness;

(4)unfortunate;

(5)reader

III.Answerthefollowingquestions.(30%)

1．Whatarethemainconcernsofsemantics?

2．Howdoyouunderstandcognition?

3．Howdoyouunderstandtherelationshipbetweenlanguageandculture?

IV.Chooseoneofthefollowinglinguistsandmakesomecommentsonhis

majorlinguisticachievements.(30%)

NoamChomsky;

J.R.Firth

HerbertPaulGrice

R.Jacobson

V.Readthefollowingquoteandthenwriteashortessayinabout500words.

(50%)

“Aproposalwhichmanylinguistshavefoundattractiveovertheyearsisthat

themeaningofalexemeshouldbedecomposableintoasetofsemantic

features...wecanbegintobuilduprepresentationsofthemeaningsofour

lexicalitemsas:a.ram–[male,adult…],b.ewe–[female,adult…],c.lamb

–[non-adult…].”(R.Radford,etal.1999:201)

2012年溫州大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院817英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)考研真題

I.Explainthefollowingterms.(25%)

1．endocentricconstruction;

2．denotation;

3．psycholinguistics;

4．Sapir-Whorfhypothesis;

5．minimalpairs

II.DecidewhethereachofthegivenstatementsisTRUEorFALSE.Ifitis

true,writedownAonyourANSWERSHEET;ifitisfalse,writedownBon

it.(20%)

1．Acousticphoneticsisthestudyoftheperceptionofsoundsbythehuman

ear.

2．Morphemessuchas–ing,-ed,-able,areknownasinflectional

morphemes.

3．TheaffixesintheEnglishlanguagearetraditionallycalledbound

morphemes.

4．Inseparatinglanguefromparoleweareatthesametimeseparating(1)

whatissocialfromwhatisindividual;and(2)whatisessentialfromwhatis

accessory.

5．BySaussure,arbitrarinessreferstothefactthattheformsoflinguistic

signsbearnonaturalrelationshiptotheirmeaning.

6．Suprasegmentalsmainlyincludesyllables,tone,intonation,distinctive

features.

7．InEnglish,wecanhavethesyllablestructureofCCCVCCCC.

8．ByLeonardBloomfield(1933),wordshouldbetreatedas“theminimum

freeform”.

9．Thedifferentshapesorphoneticformsofamorphemeareallomorphsof

thismorpheme,e.g.thedifferentformsofthepluralmorphemeinEnglishare

/s/,/z/,/iz/,andsoon.

10．a(chǎn)d,bike,math,etc.areinstancesofbackformation.

11．NoamChomskyishailedasthefatherofmodernlinguistics.

12．Systemic-Functionalgrammarconsistsofthetwoinseparable

components---SystemicGrammarandFunctionalGrammar.

13．TheTEXTUALFUNCTIONreferstothefactthatlanguagehas

mechanismstomakeanystretchofspokenorwrittendiscourseintoa

coherentandunifiedtextandmakealivingpassagedifferentfromarandom

listofsentences.

14．Phoneticsimilaritymeansthattheallophonesofaphonememustbear

somemorphologicalresemblance.

15．ThefirststageofTGgrammaristheStandardTheory,andthefifth

stageofitistheMinimalistProgram.

16．Sensereferstotheconcreteentitieswithsomeproperties,while

referencereferstotheabstractpropertiesofanentity.

17．PropositionalLogictreatsasimplepropositionasanunanalyzedwhole,

whilePredicateLogicstudiestheinternalstructureofsimplepropositions.

18．Children’sfirstwordsaredifferentindifferentlanguageenvironments.

19．Amongthethreelevelsofcategories,thesubordinatelevelcategories

aremostculturallysalientandarerequiredtofulfillourcognitiveneedsthe

best.

20．Nouns,verbs,adjectivesandmanyadverbsareclosed-classwor