PAGEPAGE1廣東省中山市2023-2024學年高一上學期期末考試英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourideasforthebestEasterholidaysWhenthekidsbreakupfromschoolitcanbedifficulttochoosewhattodo.WiththeEasterholidaysjustaroundthecomer,herearefourdifferentideastoinspireyoutomakethemostofthebreak,whateveryourage.YorkBurstingwithmuseums,attractions,andeventsforeveryone,YorkistheperfectEasterholidaydestination.Goingwithgrandparents?They’lllovewalkingthecobbledstreetsforsweettreatsorstoppingforanafternoonteaatoneofthemanyhistorichotels.Orlearnaboutthediversehistoryofthisamazingcityatoneofthemuseums.Therereallyissomethingforeveryoneinthisattractivecity.BotanyBayBotanyBayisagreatspottospendadayrelaxingandplayingonthesands.LocatedinKentandwithlifeguardsonduty,it’sagreatspotforsurfing,exploringtherockpools,andhuntingforfossils.Foralongerstay,whynothireacarfortheEasterholidayandtakearoadtripalongtheKentishcoastBritishseasidebreak?BristolTraveltothesouthwesttoexplorebustling(熙熙攘攘的)Bristol.Bristolisfullofamazingrestaurantshousedinwarehousesthatremindyouofthecity’smaritimehistory.Therearealsowonderfulmuseums,amazingparksforpicnicsandgames,andevenasurfcentrenearby.Shop.eat,play—whateveryoufancydoing,Bristolhasitall.SnowdoniaHeadtoNorthWalesifyou’reaftersomewildadventures.Thereareplentyofhills,lakes,rivers,andbenchestoexplore,butifyourkidshavealotofenergytobum,thenMountSnowdoniashouldbeyourchoice.Standing1,085metrestall,it’ssuretoprovideanexcitingadventureforthewholefamily.Localguidesareavailabletoleadyoutothetop,ifyouwish.1.Wherewillafamilywithgrandparentschoosetogo?A.York B.BotanyBay. C.Bristol. D.Snowdonia.2.WhatdoBotanyBayandBristolhaveincommon?A.Parks. B.Restaurants. C.Fossilmuseums. D.Surfspots.3.WhatcanyoudoinSnowdonia?A.Haveapicnic. B.Playgames. C.Lookforfossils. D.Climbmountains.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.D【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個復活節(jié)可以去度假的地方?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Goingwithgrandparents?They’lllovewalkingthecobbledstreetsforsweettreatsorstoppingforanafternoonteaatoneofthemanyhistorichotels.(和祖父母一起去？他們會喜歡走在鵝卵石鋪成的街道上吃甜食，或者在眾多歷史悠久的酒店之一停下來喝下午茶)”可知，有祖父母的家庭會選擇去York。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“LocatedinKentandwithlifeguardsonduty,it’sagreatspotforsurfing,exploringtherockpools,andhuntingforfossils.(它位于肯特郡，有救生員值班，是沖浪、探索巖石池和尋找化石的好地方)”以及第四段“Therearealsowonderfulmuseums,amazingparksforpicnicsandgames,andevenasurfcentrenearby.(這里還有很棒的博物館，適合野餐和游戲的公園，附近甚至還有一個沖浪中心)”可知，植物灣和布里斯托爾的共同之處是沖浪點。故選D。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thereareplentyofhills,lakes,rivers,andbenchestoexplore,butifyourkidshavealotofenergytobum,thenMountSnowdoniashouldbeyourchoice.(這里有很多小山、湖泊、河流和長凳可供探索，但如果你的孩子有很多精力可以消耗，那么斯諾登山應該是你的選擇)”可知，在斯諾登尼亞你能可以爬山。故選D。BAfterreturingfromhisjobasaculturalrelicsprotectionworker10yearsago,WangYongxiankepthisloveforancientChinesearchitecture(建筑)throughteaching.Nowaged73,hestillteachesacoursenamed“ConservationandRestorationofAncientChineseBuildings”ataUniversityinShanxiprovince.HismaininterestisDougong,aconstructionmethodthatusesinterlocking(緊密連接的)woodenpiecestoformstructures.ThemethodisoneofthemostimportantfeaturesofancientChinesearchitecture.WangalsostartedonlineclassestobetterexplainDougongtothosewhoshowedastronginterestinhiscourse.Followingasuggestionfromhisstudents,hebecameavloggerusingtheaccountname“Dougongclass”.TheaccountisregularlyupdatedwithshortvideoclipsWangproduceshimself.Heissurprisedthathisclassesaresopopularonsocialmedia.ThefirstsixlecturesonancientChinesebuildingsthatheuploadedoverasix-monthperiodhavereceived1.6millionviews.Tomakeiteasierfornewcomerstothesubjecttounderstand,WangmadeawoodenDougongmodel.Eachpartismarkedwithanumberorname,andthemodelcanbetakenapartandputtogether,aprocessthatWangfilmedandputonline.SomeviewerssaidthattheyhadlongbeenpuzzledbyDougongstructures,butfinallyunderstoodhowtheyworkafterwatchingthevideoof“Dougonggrandpa”.Wangsaidwhenhewasyoung,thebeautifulancienttemplesinhishometownhadignitedhisinterestinancientwoodenbuildingsandfinallyledhimtoturnhisinterestintoalifelongcareer.Whatmakeshimhappytodayisnotonlythatthegovernmentsetasidemoremoneyfortheresearchandprotectionofculturalrelics,butalsothatsocietyismoreawareoftheimportanceofsuchwork.Tohissurprise,about90percentofhismorethan100,000viewersonlinearebelowage30.ThatfactmakeshimmoreconfidentthataslongasthestoryofChineseancientarchitectureistoldintherightway,itcanattractmorepeople.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Dougongisawell-protectedChinesebuildingstructure.B.DougongisatraditionalChinesewoodenbuildingmethod.C.DougongisacoursewhichWangteachesafterretirement.D.Dougongisthemostimportantfeatureofancientarchitecture.5.WhatmadeWangavlogger?A.Theadvicefromhisstudents.B.Theonlinecourseheattended.C.Thepopularityofsocialmedia.D.Theawarenesstoattractviewers.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutWang’svlogfromparagraphs3and4?A.Itisupdatedbyhisstudents.B.Itprovestobeagreatsuccess.C.Itisintendedfornewcomers.D.Ithaspuzzledsomeviewers.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”inParagraph5mean?A.Ignored. B.Widened. C.Started. D.Changed.〖答案〗4.B5.A6.B7.C【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了文物保護者王永先退休后通過教學保持對中國古建筑的熱愛，他在網(wǎng)絡上開設的斗拱課程深受觀眾喜愛，讓大家明白了斗拱的工作原理，王永先很高興自己擁有很多年輕觀眾，希望吸引更多人關注和保護中國古建筑?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“HismaininterestisDougong,aconstructionmethodthatusesinterlocking(緊密連接的)woodenpiecestoformstructures.ThemethodisoneofthemostimportantfeaturesofancientChinesearchitecture.(他的主要興趣是斗拱，一種使用緊密連接的木塊形成結(jié)構的建筑方法。這種方法是中國古代建筑最重要的特征之一)”可知，斗拱是中國傳統(tǒng)的木結(jié)構建筑方法。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Followingasuggestionfromhisstudents,hebecameavloggerusingtheaccountname“Dougongclass”.(在學生的建議下，他成為了一名視頻博主，賬號名為“斗拱課”)”可知，王永先是在學生的建議下成為視頻博主的。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Heissurprisedthathisclassesaresopopularonsocialmedia.ThefirstsixlecturesonancientChinesebuildingsthatheuploadedoverasix-monthperiodhavereceived1.6millionviews.(他很驚訝自己的課程在社交媒體上如此受歡迎。他在六個月的時間里上傳的關于中國古代建筑的前六個講座已經(jīng)獲得了160萬的點擊量)”可知，王永先的視頻課程很受歡迎，獲得大量點擊。由此可知，他的視頻被證明是一個巨大的成功。故選B項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Wangsaidwhenhewasyoung,thebeautifulancienttemplesinhishometown(王說，當他年輕的時候，家鄉(xiāng)美麗的古廟)”和下文“hisinterestinancientwoodenbuildingsandfinallyledhimtoturnhisinterestintoalifelongcareer(他對古代木結(jié)構建筑的興趣，最終使他把興趣變成了一生的事業(yè))”可知，王永先在敘述自己如何對古代木結(jié)構建產(chǎn)生興趣，繼而從事該事業(yè)的過程。由此推知，家鄉(xiāng)美麗的古廟引發(fā)了他的興趣，畫線詞意思應該與start“開啟，啟動”一致。故選C項。CThereareplacesthatcallyourname.Thoughtimepasses,there’saneternal(永恒的)calling,anancientdrawtoexperiencetheirofferings.Egypthasalwaysbeenthatmagicalplaceforme.Iwantedtorideacamelaroundthepyramids.Iwantedtofeelconnectedtoanancientcivilization(文明)andhaveasenseofhowitspeoplesawlife,deathandrebirth.Thepandemic(流行病)mademydesiretovisitEgyptevenstronger.Ilostlovedoneslikemany.Oneoutcomeformewasareminderthatnooneknowswhat’saroundthecorner.Lifeispreciousandweneedtoliveitwhilewecan.IfIhavetorideacamel,thetimeisnow.ThecameladventurewasplannedformyseconddayinEgyptMyfour-leggedadventurepartner,namedHumphrey,andweeyedeachother.ThenIthrewmylegoverhisbackandtheownerorderedhimtostandupsolmovedtothebestpositionforpictures.Thesmileonmyfaceinthosephotosisneverbigger.Andthenthemostwonderfulthinghappened:Thecamelbosslookedatmeandasked,“Youridehorses?”Ireplied,“Yes”.Hethrewtheropeuptomeandsaid,“It’sjustlikeahorse.”Iwasshocked.“CanIgoanywhere?”Henodded.Forthenext25minutes,IrodewithHumphreyontheGizaPlateauadmiringthemostimpressiveviewoftheGreatPyramidofGiza,awonderfromtheancientworldthatbassurvivedtothepresentday.AsImademywayback,thecamelbossaskedifIwantedtogofaster.Ofcourse!DuringmybrieftimeontheplainsoftheMiddleEast,Ifeltitsmystery(神秘),butalsoalittlemagic.ReturninghometoCanada,Icontinuedtofeelthatmagicandmystery.Italsoaffirmed(證實)thatlifeisaboutlivingfullyeachday,butdeathispartoflife’spackage.Itcannotbeavoided,andtheEgyptiansacceptedthatviewnaturally.Theydidnotfeardeathbutplannedforitbylivingfully.8.WhydidtheauthorchooseEgypt?A.Toansweracallfromafriend. B.Toadmireancientdrawings.C.Tolearnhowtorideacamel. D.Toexperienceitscivilization.9.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromthepandemic?A.Lifeisareminder. B.Takeimmediateaction.C.Treatourlovedoneswell. D.Getpreparedforthefuture.10.WhatdotheEgyptiansthinkofdeath?A.Theybelieveitnatural. B.Theyfeelitamagic.C.Theythinkitterrible. D.Theyrefusetofacet11.Whatmightthenextparagraphbeabout?A.Life. B.Magic. C.Rebirth. D.Civilization〖答案〗8.D9.B10.A11.C【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者想要去埃及體驗當?shù)氐奈拿鳎咔樽屪髡哌x擇立即采取行動，文章描述了作者旅行時的所見所聞以及所感?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwantedtofeelconnectedtoanancientcivilization(文明)andhaveasenseofhowitspeoplesawlife,deathandrebirth.(我想感受一下與一個古老文明的聯(lián)系，感受一下這個文明的人們是如何看待生命、死亡和重生的)”可知，作者選擇埃及是為了體驗它的文明。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepandemic(流行病)mademydesiretovisitEgyptevenstronger.Ilostlovedoneslikemany.Oneoutcomeformewasareminderthatnooneknowswhat’saroundthecorner.Lifeispreciousandweneedtoliveitwhilewecan.IfIhavetorideacamel,thetimeisnow.(這場流行病使我更加渴望訪問埃及。我像許多人一樣失去了親人。對我來說，一個結(jié)果是提醒我，沒有人知道即將發(fā)生什么。生命是寶貴的，我們要在力所能及的時候好好生活。如果我必須騎駱駝，現(xiàn)在是時候了)”可知，疫情讓作者認識到應該立即采取行動。故選B?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Italsoaffirmed(證實)thatlifeisaboutlivingfullyeachday,butdeathispartoflife’spackage.Itcannotbeavoided,andtheEgyptiansacceptedthatviewnaturally.(它還肯定了生命就是充實地度過每一天，但死亡是生命的一部分。這是無法避免的，埃及人自然接受了這一觀點。他們不懼怕死亡，而是以充實的生活為死亡做準備)”可知，埃及人認為死亡很自然。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“DuringmybrieftimeontheplainsoftheMiddleEast,Ifeltitsmystery(神秘),butalsoalittlemagic.ReturninghometoCanada,Icontinuedtofeelthatmagicandmystery.Italsoaffirmed(證實)thatlifeisaboutlivingfullyeachday,butdeathispartoflife’spackage.Itcannotbeavoided,andtheEgyptiansacceptedthatviewnaturally.Theydidnotfeardeathbutplannedforitbylivingfully.(在中東平原的短暫停留中，我感受到了它的神秘，但也有一點神奇。回到加拿大后，我繼續(xù)感受到那種神奇和神秘。它還肯定了生命就是充實地度過每一天，但死亡是生命的一部分。這是無法避免的，埃及人自然接受了這一觀點。他們不懼怕死亡，而是以充實的生活為死亡做準備)”可推知，最后一段講述了死亡是生命的一部分，埃及人不懼怕死亡，而是以充實的生活為死亡做準備，故推測下一段可能講述作者帶著這些感悟迎來自己的“重生”。故選C。DSomebreathtakingbluelakesmaynotbesoblueinthefuture,thankstoclimatechange.Inthefirstglobalrecordoflakecolor,researchersfindthatroughlyone-thirdofEarth’slakesareblue.But,shouldaveragesummerairtemperaturesrisebyafewdegrees,someofthoseclearwaterscouldturnacloudygreenorbrown,theteamreportsintheSept.28GeophysicalResearchLetters.Thechangingcolorscouldchangehowpeopleusethosewatersandofferinformationaboutthebalanceoflakeecosystems.Lakecolordependsinpartonwhat’sinthewater,butfactorssuchaswaterdepthandsurroundinglandusealsomatter.Comparedwithbluelakes,greenorbrownlakeshavemorealgae(水藻)andorganicmatter,saysoneoftheresearchers.Thescientiststhenlooksatlocalclimatesduringthattimetoseehowtheymaybelinkedtolakecoloraroundtheworld.Lakesinplaceswithaveragesummerairtemperaturesthatwasbelow19°Cweremorelikelytobebluethanlakeswithwarmersummers,theresearchersfind.Ifaveragesummertemperaturesincreaseanother3°C—anamountthatscientiststhinkispossiblebytheendofthecentury—those3,800lakescouldturngreenorbrown.That’sbecausewarmerwaterhelpsalgaeproducemoreflowers,whichchangesthequalitiesofthewater,givingitagreen-browncolor,Yangsays.Ifsomelakesdobecomelessblue,peoplewillprobablylosesomeoftheresourcestheyhavecometovalue,saysO’Reilly,ascientistatSouthernMethodistUniversityinDalles.Butthecolorchangeswouldn’tnecessarilymeanthatthelakesareanylesshealthy.“Humansdon’tvaluelotsofalgaeinalake,butifyou’reacertaintypeoffishspecies,youmightbelikethisisgreat,”O(jiān)’Reillysays.Lakecolorcanhintatthebalanceofalake’secosystemanditgivessicknessabasisforassessinghowclimatechangeisaffectingEarth’sfreshwaterresources.Continuedincreasingoflakescouldhelpscientistsdiscoverfuturechanges.12.Whichfactorconnectinglakecolorisn’tmentioned?A.Waterdepth. B.People’suseofwater.C.Surroundinglanduse. D.Contentsinthewater.13.Whycouldlakecolorchangeifaveragesummertemperaturesriseby3°C?A.Becausepeoplewilllosewhattheyvalue.B.Becausethequantitiesofthewaterischanged.C.Becausealgaegrowsmoreinwarmerwater.D.Because3800lakescouldturngreenorbrown.14.WhatisO’Reilly’sattitudetowardcolorchangeofthelakes?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Disapproving. D.Objective.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Climatechangecouldchangelakecolor.B.Lakecolorshowstheheathconditionsoflakes.C.Thechangeoflakecoloraffectsthelakeecosystem.D.Colorchangeinlakesdoesharmtotheenvironment.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.D15.A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在第一個湖泊顏色的全球記錄中，研究人員估計大約三分之一的地球湖泊是藍色的，但是，研究小組在地球物理研究通訊中報告說，如果夏季平均氣溫上升幾度，那么一些純凈的水就會變成綠色或棕色，湖泊的顏色可以暗示湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡，它為評估氣候變化如何影響地球淡水資源提供了基礎，湖泊的持續(xù)增加可以幫助科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)未來的變化?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Lakecolordependsinpartonwhat’sinthewater,butfactorssuchaswaterdepthandsurroundinglandusealsomatter.”（湖泊的顏色在一定程度上取決于水中的成分，但水深和周圍土地利用等因素也很重要。）可知，水深、周圍土地利用和水的成分與湖泊的顏色相聯(lián)系，所以人們對水的利用沒有提及。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第四段“Ifaveragesummertemperaturesincreaseanother3°C—anamountthatscientiststhinkispossiblebytheendofthecentury—those3,800lakescouldturngreenorbrown.That’sbecausewarmerwaterhelpsalgaeproducemoreflowers,whichchangesthequalitiesofthewater,givingitagreen-browncolor,Yangsays.”（如果夏季平均氣溫再上升3°C—科學家們認為到本世紀末這個數(shù)字是可能的—這3800個湖泊可能會變成綠色或棕色。楊說，這是因為溫暖的海水有助于藻類開出更多的花朵，從而改變水質(zhì)，使其呈現(xiàn)綠棕色。）可知，如果夏季平均氣溫上升3°C，湖泊顏色會發(fā)生變化，是因為藻類在溫暖的水中生長得更多。故選C項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ifsomelakesdobecomelessblue,peoplewillprobablylosesomeoftheresourcestheyhavecometovalue,saysO’Reilly,ascientistatSouthernMethodistUniversityinDalles.Butthecolorchangeswouldn’tnecessarilymeanthatthelakesareanylesshealthy.“Humansdon’tvaluelotsofalgaeinalake,butifyou’reacertaintypeoffishspecies,youmightbelikethisisgreat,”O(jiān)’Reillysays.”（達爾斯南方衛(wèi)理公會大學的科學家O’Reilly說，如果一些湖泊真的變得不那么藍，人們可能會失去一些他們所珍視的資源。但顏色的變化并不一定意味著湖泊的健康狀況會有所下降。O’Reilly說：“人類并不重視湖中的大量藻類，但如果你是某種類型的魚類，你可能會覺得這很好。”）及最后一段“Lakecolorcanhintatthebalanceofalake’secosystemanditgivessicknessabasisforassessinghowclimatechangeisaffectingEarth’sfreshwaterresources.Continuedincreasingoflakescouldhelpscientistsdiscoverfuturechanges.”（湖泊的顏色可以暗示湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡，它為評估氣候變化如何影響地球淡水資源提供了基礎。湖泊的持續(xù)增加可以幫助科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)未來的變化。）可知，在奧萊利看來，湖泊的顏色的變化未必就是一種災難，要視情況而言，所以對于湖水顏色的變化，奧萊利的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthefirstglobalrecordoflakecolor,researchersfindthatroughlyone-thirdofEarth’slakesareblue.But,shouldaveragesummerairtemperaturesrisebyafewdegrees,someofthoseclearwaterscouldturnacloudygreenorbrown,theteamreportsintheSept.28GeophysicalResearchLetters.(在第一次全球湖泊顏色記錄中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)地球上大約三分之一的湖泊是藍色的。但是，如果夏季平均氣溫上升幾度，一些清澈的海水可能會變成多云的綠色或棕色，研究小組在9月28日的《地球物理研究快報》上報告說。)”并結(jié)合全文可知文章主要介紹了在第一個湖泊顏色的全球記錄中，研究人員估計大約三分之一的地球湖泊是藍色的，但是，研究小組在地球物理研究通訊中報告說，如果夏季平均氣溫上升幾度，那么一些純凈的水就會變成綠色或棕色，湖泊的顏色可以暗示湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡，它為評估氣候變化如何影響地球淡水資源提供了基礎，湖泊的持續(xù)增加可以幫助科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)未來的變化，所以氣候變化可能會改變湖泊的顏色。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Notgettinggoodsleepcanharmyourhealthandmentalwell-being,leadingtoissueslikelowenergy,badfocus,andevendiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.____16____.Inordertogetthatgoodnight’ssleep,herearesometipswhichcanhelp.Stickingtoasleeproutine____17____.Itisagreatwayofincreasingthequalityofyoursleep.Thisisbecausewearecreaturesofhabitandourbrainsknowwhentoexpectacertaineventortask.Ifyouareabletofromaroutinewhichseesyougotosleepatthesametimeeveryevening,you’llfinditfareasiertosleep.ReducingtechusebeforesleepWhenwelookatphoneortabletscreens,thelightfromthenactivatesourbrainsencouragesbrainactivitiesandkeepsusalert.Thisofcourseisthelastthingthatyouneedwhenyouaregoingtosleep.____18____SeeingatimeronyourTVtoturnoffatacertaintineisagoodidea.Thishelpspreventsuddennoisefromwakingyouupduringthenight.____19____Evennaturallightwillwakethebrainupandthisisalsowhyyoushoulddoallthatyoucantoensuremaximumlevelsofdarknessinyourbedroom.Evenifyouareabletofallasleepwiththelighton,yourbrainwon’tallowyoutofallintoadeepsleepbecausethelightwhichitrecognizeswillkeepitalert.WatchingyourdietTogetthebestqualityofsleepyou’dbettereatnothingbutwaterinthefinal3hoursbeforeyousleep.Rememberthatfoodisasourceofenergy.Ifyouhavealargemealbeforebed,yourbodywillmainlyfocusonbreakingdowntherecentlyeatennutrients(營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)).____20____A.SleepingindarknessB.GotobedearlyandgetupearlyC.GotosleepatthesametimeeachnightD.KeepingenoughnaturallightinyourroomE.Therefore,yourbodywillnotgetthenecessaryrestandcellrepairF.That’swhyinthefinalhoursbeforeyousleep,youshouldavoidusingtechG.Sotheimportanceofgettingagreatnight’ssleepcannotbeundervalued〖答案〗16.G17.C18.F19.A20.E【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些建議以幫助我們睡個好覺?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Notgettinggoodsleepcanharmyourhealthandmentalwell-being,leadingtoissueslikelowenergy,badfocus,andevendiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.(睡眠不好會損害你的健康和精神健康，導致精力不足、注意力不集中，甚至阿爾茨海默氏癥等疾病)”可知，睡眠不好會損害身心健康。選項G“Sotheimportanceofgettingagreatnight’ssleepcannotbeundervalued(因此，睡個好覺的重要性不容低估)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是睡眠不好會損害身心健康，因此睡個好覺很重要。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Itisagreatwayofincreasingthequalityofyoursleep.Thisisbecausewearecreaturesofhabitandourbrainsknowwhentoexpectacertaineventortask.Ifyouareabletoformaroutinewhichseesyougotosleepatthesametimeeveryevening,you’llfinditfareasiertosleep.(這是提高睡眠質(zhì)量的好方法。這是因為我們是習慣的生物，我們的大腦知道什么時候該期待某個事件或任務。如果你能養(yǎng)成每天晚上在同一時間睡覺的習慣，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)睡覺要容易得多)”可知，本段主要講述的是要養(yǎng)成每天晚上同一時間睡覺的習慣。選項C“Gotosleepatthesametimeeachnight(每晚在同一時間睡覺)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是每晚在同一時間睡覺。故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Whenwelookatphoneortabletscreens,thelightfromthenactivatesourbrainsencouragesbrainactivitiesandkeepsusalert.Thisofcourseisthelastthingthatyouneedwhenyouaregoingtosleep.(當我們看手機或平板電腦屏幕時，它們發(fā)出的光會激活我們的大腦，促進大腦活動，讓我們保持警覺。這當然是你睡覺時最不需要的東西)”可知，手機或平板電腦屏幕的光是我們睡覺時最不需要的東西。故選F“That’swhyinthefinalhoursbeforeyousleep,youshouldavoidusingtech(這就是為什么在睡覺前的最后幾個小時里，你應該避免使用科技產(chǎn)品)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是因為手機或平板電腦屏幕的光是我們睡覺時最不需要的東西，所以我們在睡覺前幾個小時最好避免使用科技產(chǎn)品。故選F。【19題詳析】空處為小標題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Evennaturallightwillwakethebrainupandthisisalsowhyyoushoulddoallthatyoucantoensuremaximumlevelsofdarknessinyourbedroom.Evenifyouareabletofallasleepwiththelighton,yourbrainwon’tallowyoutofallintoadeepsleepbecausethelightwhichitrecognizeswillkeepitalert.(即使是自然光也會喚醒大腦，這也是為什么你應該盡你所能確保臥室里最大程度的黑暗。即使你能在開著燈的情況下入睡，你的大腦也不會讓你進入深度睡眠，因為它所識別的光線會讓它保持警覺)”可知，本段主要講述的是只要有光，大腦就會保持警覺，無法進入深度睡眠。由此可知，本段講述的是要讓自己在黑暗的環(huán)境中入睡。選項A“Sleepingindarkness(在黑暗中睡覺)”正是本段主要內(nèi)容。故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Togetthebestqualityofsleepyou’dbettereatnothingbutwaterinthefinal3hoursbeforeyousleep.Rememberthatfoodisasourceofenergy.Ifyouhavealargemealbeforebed,yourbodywillmainlyfocusonbreakingdowntherecentlyeatennutrients(營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)).(為了獲得最好的睡眠質(zhì)量，你最好在睡覺前的最后3個小時里除了水什么都不吃。記住，食物是能量的來源。如果你在睡前吃了一頓大餐，你的身體將主要專注于分解最近攝入的營養(yǎng))”可知，如果在睡前吃大餐，身體將專注于分解最近攝入的營養(yǎng)。選項E“Therefore,yourbodywillnotgetthenecessaryrestandcellrepair(因此，你的身體不會得到必要的休息和細胞修復)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是如果身體將專注于分解最近攝入的營養(yǎng)，就不會得到必要的休息和細胞修復。故選E。第二部分語言運用(共三節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she____21____aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetfromChicago.Dorothyfirsttriedskydivingat100.Thisweek,shebeatherself,leavingherwalkerontheground，____22____outofaplane,and____23____gracefullyinOttawa,Illinois.Sinceheryouth,Dorothyhadtakenup____24____,evendrivingacrossthecountryonherown.Her____25____andloveforlifewereobviousinherdecisiontotaketotheskiesinhergoldenyears.Whenaskedaboutheramazingachievement,Dorothydidn’tmakeabigdealaboutitandsimplysaid,“Agedoesn’treallymatter.”Herwordsreallyshowedthe____26____andenergyshehad.Dorothyhadfacedmanychallengesthroughoutherlongand____27____life.Forexample,she____28____theSpanishfluandotherpandemics,andsheneverletthosethingsgetherdown.Shealwayshadthisunbelievable____29____thatmadeherwantto_____30_____herselfandtrynewthings.AsnewsofDorothy’s_____31_____achievementspread,shebecamea_____32_____ofhopeandinspirationworldwide.Herstoryparticularityawokethepassions(激情)ofthosefacingtheirownchallenges,_____33_____themtoembracelife’sadventuresdespitetheirsituations.Dorothyservesasalivingexampleofthefamoussaying,“It’snevertoolate,”inspiringusallto_____34_____ourpassionsand_____35_____regardlessofourage.21.A.lost B.broke C.remained D.brought22.A.pushing B.pulling C.jumping D.falling23.A.flying B.climbing C.diving D.landing24.A.challenges B.changes C.creations D.chances25.A.restlessness B.helplessness C.fearlessness D.pointlessness26.A.ability B.wisdom C.knowledge D.patience27.A.exciting B.satisfying C.frustrating D.disappointing28.A.saved B.cured C.rescued D.survived29.A.pride B.creativity C.spirit D.joy30.A.push B.pull C.bring D.lock31.A.special B.unusual C.extra D.separate32.A.signal B.gift C.lack D.symbol33.A.encouraging B.challenging C.demanding D.threatening34.A.control B.share C.follow D.resist35.A.emotions B.actions C.fears D.dreams〖答案〗21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位名叫DorothyHoffner的104歲老婦人跳傘的故事，以及她如何通過自己的勇氣和熱情激勵了全世界的人們追求自己的激情和夢想?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：104歲時，DorothyHoffner完成了很少有人敢做的事——她從芝加哥13500英尺高空跳傘，打破了吉尼斯世界紀錄。A.lost失去；B.broke破紀錄；C.remained仍然；D.brought帶來。根據(jù)空后的“aGuinnessWorldRecord”以及下文“AsnewsofDorothy’s______achievementspread,shebecamea________ofhopeandinspirationworldwide.”可推測，她是打破了吉尼斯世界紀錄。故選B。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：本周，她打敗了自己，把助步器留在地上，從飛機上跳下來，優(yōu)雅地降落在伊利諾伊州的渥太華。A.pushing推；B.pulling拉；C.jumping跳；D.falling下降。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she________aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetFromChicago.”可知，Dorothy完成了跳傘，由此可知，她是從飛機上跳下來。故選C。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：本周，她打敗了自己，把助步器留在地上，從飛機上跳下來，優(yōu)雅地降落在伊利諾伊州的渥太華。A.flying飛；B.climbing爬；C.diving跳水；D.landing降落。根據(jù)上文的“Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she_______aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetFromChicago.”可知，她打破了吉尼斯世界紀錄，也就是說她跳傘成功了。由此可推測，她是降落在渥太華。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從年輕時起，Dorothy就開始接受挑戰(zhàn)，甚至獨自駕車穿越全國。A.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；B.changes改變；C.creations創(chuàng)作；D.chances機會。根據(jù)下文“Dorothyhadfacedmanychallengesthroughoutherlongand_______life.”可知，從年輕時，Dorothy就不斷接受挑戰(zhàn)。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的無畏和對生活的熱愛體現(xiàn)在她決定在她的黃金歲月里飛向天空。A.restlessness輾轉(zhuǎn)不安；B.helplessness無助；C.fearlessness不畏懼；D.pointlessness鈍的。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Dorothy面對挑戰(zhàn)，表現(xiàn)出的是一種無畏。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的話確實顯示了她的智慧和活力。A.ability能力；B.wisdom智慧；C.knowledge知識；D.patience耐心。根據(jù)上文“Whenaskedaboutheramazingachievement,Dorothydidn’tmakeabigdealaboutitandsimplysaid,“Agedoesn’treallymatter.””可知，在經(jīng)歷了如此多的挑戰(zhàn)后，Dorothy的話展現(xiàn)的是她的智慧。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Dorothy在她漫長而激動人心的一生中經(jīng)歷了許多挑戰(zhàn)。A.exciting令人激動的；B.satisfying令人滿意的；C.frustrating令人沮喪的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根據(jù)上文“Attheageof104,DorothyHoffnerachievedwhatfewwoulddare—she________aGuinnessWorldRecordbyskydivingfrom13,500feetFromChicago.Dorothyfirsttriedskydivingat100.”以及“evendrivingacrossthecountryonherown”可知，她的一生是激動人心的一生。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，她在西班牙流感和其他流行病中幸存下來，她從未讓這些事情擊垮她。A.saved挽救；B.cured治愈；C.rescued救援；D.survived幸存。根據(jù)空后的“theSpanishfluandotherpandemics,andsheneverletthosethingsgetherdown”可知，Dorothy經(jīng)歷流感而幸存了下來。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她總是有一種令人難以置信的精神，讓她想要推動自己，嘗試新事物。A.pride自豪；B.creativity創(chuàng)作力；C.spirit精神；D.joy高興。根據(jù)上文“sheneverletthosethingsgetherdown”可知，Dorothy面對挑戰(zhàn)時的不退縮所展現(xiàn)出的是一種精神。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她總是有一種令人難以置信的精神，讓她想要推動自己，嘗試新事物。A.push推動；B.pull拉；C.bring帶來；D.lock鎖。根據(jù)下文的“trynewthings”可知，她總是推動自己去嘗試新的事物。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著Dorothy非凡成就的消息傳開，她成為了全世界希望和鼓舞的象征。A.special特別的；B.unusual不同尋常的；C.extra額外的；D.separate獨自的。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Dorothy104歲的時候打破了吉尼斯紀錄，這樣的成就是非凡的，不同尋常的。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著Dorothy非凡成就的消息傳開，她成為了全世界希望和鼓舞的象征。A.signal信號；B.gift禮物；C.lack缺乏；D.symbol象征。根據(jù)空后的“hopeandinspirationworldwide”以及下文“Herstoryparticularityawokethepassions(激情)ofthosefacingtheirownchallenges”可知，她成為了人們心目中希望的象征，鼓舞著其他人。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的故事的特殊性喚醒了那些面對自己挑戰(zhàn)的人的激情，鼓勵他們不管處境如何都要擁抱生活的冒險。A.encouraging鼓勵；B.challenging挑戰(zhàn)；C.demanding要求；D.threatening威脅。根據(jù)下文“Dorothyservesasalivingexampleofthefamoussaying,“It’snevertoolate,”inspiringusallto_______ourpassions”可知，她的人生鼓勵著他人。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Dorothy是一句名言的活生生的例子，“永遠不會太遲”，激勵我們所有人追隨自己的激情和夢想，而不管我們的年齡。A.control控制；B.share分享；C.follow追隨；D.resist抵制。根據(jù)上文的“Herstoryparticularityawokethepassions(激情)ofthosefacingtheirownchallenges,_______themtoembracelife’sadventuresdespitetheirsituations.”可知，她的故事激勵了他人，由此可知，她的故事激勵著他人追隨自己的激情。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Dorothy是一句名言的活生生的例子，“永遠不會太遲”，激勵我們所有人追隨自己的激情和夢想，而不管我們的年齡。A.emotions情緒；B.actions行為；C.fears害怕；D.dr