ReflectionsofTimeConcept

Linearextensionandcircularrotation線伸環(huán)旋Western:extension,senseoftimeshortage,futurevaluedChinese:rotation,senseoftimeabundance,pastcherished昨天今天明天精品課件Timeisariver,atorrent,awaterfall.Timeismarching,flyingandflowing.

Time

iscomparedtowater

TimeandtidewaitfornomanTimelostisneverfoundagain精品課件“Timeisthedevourerofeverything.”—OvidRomanPoet43B.C.EnglishPoet(1608–1674)EnglishPlaywright(1564–1616)

時(shí)間是一切事物的吞食者。 —

奧維特“Timeisthesubtlethiefofyouth.”--Milton“Timeismostbriskandgiddy-paced.” --Shakespeare

時(shí)間是竊走青春的神秘盜賊。

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彌爾頓

時(shí)間步伐如此迅疾，令人眼花繚亂。

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莎士比亞QuotationsfromPoets精品課件昨天今天明天昨天今天明天Time’sPacesWhenIwasababeandweptandslept,

Timecrept;

WhenIwasaboyandlaughedandtalked,

Timewalked.

Thenwhentheyearssawmeaman,

Timeran.

ButasIoldergrew,

Timeflew.

Soon,asIjourneyon,

I'llfindtimegone.

MayChristhavesavedmysoul,bythen,

Amen.GuyPentreath

(1902-1985)

精品課件春與秋其代序。 （屈原：《離騷》） Springalternateswithautumn.

日月光華，旦復(fù)旦兮。(《尚書大傳》上卷） Thesunalternateswiththemoon; Dayscomeoneafteranothersoon.Timeislikeacircle

精品課件失之東隅，收之桑榆。Whatislostatsunrisecanberegainedatsunset.

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馮異Idiom:時(shí)來(lái)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)Thefavorofthetimecyclebringsgoodluck.精品課件

Afterextremebadluck,comesgoodluck枯木逢春猶再發(fā)Awitheredtreecomestolifeagain精品課件Americansbelievetimeisalimitedresource,theytrytoconserveandmanageit.Peopledoalltheycantosqueezemorelifeoutoftheirtime.Doyoulovelife?Thendonotwastetime,forthatisthestufflifeismadeof.精品課件SubjectivetimeandobjectivetimeAmericansseetimeasavaluableresource.Maybethat'swhytheyarefondoftheexpression,"Timeismoney."Americansenseoftimeshortage精品課件deadlinesplansappointmentspocketplannerscalendarsaccountingsontimeintimetimemanagementstimetablesagendasschedules精品課件Americansseemtiedtotheclock.精品課件TheBlockbuster精品課件Americanlifestylesshowhowmuchpeoplerespectthetimeofothers.Whenpeopleplananevent,theyoftensetthetimedaysorweeksinadvance.Oncethetimeisfixed,ittakesalmostanemergencytochangeit.Ifpeoplewanttocometoyourhouseforafriendlyvisit,theywillusuallycallfirsttomakesureitisconvenient.精品課件Tooutsiders,Americansseemtiedtotheclock.Peopleinotherculturesvaluerelationshipsmorethanschedules.Inthesesocieties,peopledon'ttrytocontroltime,buttoexperienceit.Chinese,forexample,viewtimeasacycle.Theyfinditeasierto"gowiththeflow"thanAmericans,wholikeplanstobefixedandunchangeable.精品課件VIIIVIIVIVIVIIIIIILineartimeconceptTimeismarchingforwardLosttimeisneverfoundagainTimeisalimitedresourceTimeismoney,valueitPunctualityRespectLifestyleCauseandEffect精品課件ChinesesenseoftimeabundanceTheChinesenation’sconceptoftimeisrootedinthecultureoffarmingtime;timehasacloserelationwiththenature.Timeisreallyfleeting,butitalsocircleliketheconstantlychangingoffourseasons,andthesunandthemooncyclealternately,itwillcomebacksoon;sopeopleusuallythinkthatthelosttimecouldbeback.Thiskindofviewoftimeshapedpeopleasensethattimeisrich,andalsonurturedahabitofleisureandslowlivinghabit.

精品課件CasesTimeforChineseismoreflexibleandmorehuman-centered.TheyusuallyscheduleseveralactivitiesatthesametimeTheyusuallyputinterpersonalrelationsabovethescheduleThebigshotusuallyislate精品課件慢走慢用慢慢看慢慢做慢慢商量慢慢欣賞慢慢來(lái)精品課件Americanfutureorientationthewesterners(especiallytheAmericans)wereinfluencedbytheChristian“originalsin”,tendingtobelieve“menattheirbirth,arenaturallyevil.Somostofthemchoosethefuturistictimeorientation.Suchas:A.“跟上時(shí)代”(keepingupwiththetime)B.“關(guān)注未來(lái)”(keepinganeyeonthefuture)astheactionguidance.C.Itwaswidelybelievedthatequalityinopportunitiesforeverybody,insignificanceinhistory.Iftheyworkhard,itwillbesuccessful;Changemeansprogress,andnewthingsarealwaysbetterthantheoldthings.精品課件ChinesepastorientationChinaastherepresentativeofAsianschoosetolookbackinthetimeorientationCulturalfactors:Asians(especiallytheChinese)wasinfluencedbytraditionalConfucianculture,sotendingtobelieve“Menattheirbirtharenaturallygood”.Andsocialguidanceinclinetotradition.Expressions:A.consideringwhetherthismatterhasbeendoneoverthepastandwhatthesuccessfulexperienceandlessonsfromfailuresis.B.worshippingofancestors,respectingtheelderlyandteachers,attachingimportancetoexperience,age,whichhasrelationwiththepast.精品課件精品課件Theword“Lao”inChinausedtoshowrespecttothosewhoaremoreexperiencedandusuallyolder,like“LaoLi”,“LaoWang”.Inthiswayweshowrespectandamitytotheoldpeople,whichindicatesapasttimeorientation.精品課件

Chinesebelongtothe“pasttimeorientation”,andtheChinesenationhavealonghistoryforfivethousandyears,sopeopleinChinaattachgreatimportancetohistoryandtradition.AlthoughcontemporaryChinesepeoplealsopayattentiontolookforward,“past”alsotakeanimportantroleinpeople’sdeepheart.Ontheotherhand,peopleholdadifferentattitudeonthepredecessors.Thisisbecausethecleardifferenceintheattitudetotheword“old”.Soyoumustusesomeeuphemism,suchas“senior”,“aged”,“veteran”，“citizen”,”goldenager”,“elder”,etc.AllthesereflecttheAmerican’s“future-oriented”conceptionoftimeindirectly.Theythinkthatpastthingarejustthepast,theynevertreatpastthingasagoodthing.精品課件Oldmeansmaturity,fullofwisdomandexperience精品課件“old”means“useless”,“hopeless”,Oldmeansuseless,hopeless,fragile,approachingtodeath精品課件昨天今天明天昨天今天明天InTheSilentLanguage,Halllaysemphasisonthevoicesoftime.“Timetalks.Itspeaksmoreplainlythanwords.Themessageitconveyscomesthroughloudandclear.Becauseitismanipulatedlessconsciously,itissubjecttolessdistortionthanthespokenlanguage.Itcanshoutthetruthwherewordslie.”EdwardTwitchellHall精品課件ChangesWiththeaccelerationoftheChina'smodernization,andtheincreaseofforeignexchange,weareconstantlyabsorbingintheessenceoftheforeignculture,andtheconceptoftimealsograduallychanged.ThelinearsenseoftimegraduallyengagedintotheChineseculture.Meanwhile,westerners’understandingandacceptancedegreetotraditionalChinesecultureisconstantlyimproving,withtheincreaseofvariousculturalcommunication,thephenomenonofculturalfusion