Lesson5Scanning:RapidlyLocatingInformationUnitTwoTechniquesforEfficientReading研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案Mostpeoplecankeeptheirmindsononetopicforalimitedperiodoftime.Thisiscalledtheirattentionspan.Youcanincreaseyourattentionspanbyusingthetechniqueslistedbelow:Setgoalsforyourselfandreadwithapurpose.Ifyouarelookingforspecificinformationasyouread,itwillbeeasiertokeepyourattentionfocusedonthematerial.So,beforeyoubegintoreadatextinEnglish,decidewhatyouintendtoaccomplishduringthatsessionandabouthowmuchtimeitwilltake.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案2.Varyyourreading.Itiseasytotireofreadingaboutaparticularsubjectifyouspendtoolongonit.Toovercomethisproblem,workonseveraldifferentassignmentsonaneveningratherthanfinishoneassignmentcompletely.Thevarietyofsubjectmatterswillprovideaneededchangeandmaintainyourinterest.Evenwhenyouarestudyingthesamematerial,youcanreaditseveraltimesinsteadofgoingslowlysentencebysentence,paragraphafterparagraph.Instead,trytoreaditseveraltimes,varyingthespeedandfocusofeachreading.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案3.Readwithacriticaleye.Keepingacriticaleyewhilereadingcanhelpyoutobealertandtoremembermoreofthecontent.4.Combinephysicalandmentalactivities.Readingisprimarilyamentalactivity.Becausetherestofyourbodyisnotinvolvedinthereadingprocess,itiseasytobecomerestlessorfeelaneedtodosomething.Activitiessuchashighlighting,underlining,makingmarginalnotes,orwritingsummaryoutlinesprovideanoutletforphysicalenergyservingasusefulstudyaids.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案PracticeofReadingTechniques

ActiveformakingpredictionsandconnectionsinreadingselectionA.

Findoutwhattheselectionisabout,whatthemostimportantmessageintendedbytheauthoris.b)Identifythelogicalstructureofthearticle,i.e.howheorganizeshismainideasintosections.2.

Beforeplungingrightintothetext,howyouwillreadtheselectionanddotheexercisesoftheselectionorthetaskslistedabove.Forexample,youmaydecidetoreadselectionAatleasttwice.Thefirsttime,readitextensivelyfocusingmoreonansweringthecomprehensionquestions.Thenreaditintensivelyfocusingmoreonthelogicalstructure.Andsoon.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案3.Writetheproceduresandallocatetimeforeachsteportask.Now,startreading.(Whenyoufeelbored,sleepy,orconfused,notedownthetimeyou’vebeenconcentrating,andcheckwhatyouhavedone.)研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案Lesson5Science

andTechnologyReadingSelectionA研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案CATALOGUEWarm-upActivitiesAbouttheAuthorBackgroundInformationLanguagePointsKeystext研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案Couldyoulistsomeoftheimportantscientificandtechnologicaladvancesinthe20thcentury?2.Willalltheseadvancesbenefitus?Arewehappywiththeseadvances?Warm-upActivities研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案AbouttheAuthorJudithS.Baughman,whoworksinthedepartmentofEnglishattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,haswrittentheF.ScottFitzgeraldvolumeintheGaleStudyGuidesseriesandhaseditedAmericanDecades:1920-1929.JudithS.BaughmanisalsotheauthorofLiteraryMasters:F.ScottFitzgerald.ShelivesinColumbia,SouthCarolina.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案BackgroundInformationAbouttheBook

Thisvolumecompletesthe20thcenturyfortheAmericanDecadesseries.Setupinthesamewayastheothernine,itfeaturessectionsonworldevents,arts,business,education,fashion,politics,law,lifestyles,media,medicine,religion,andscience.Eachsectionbeginswithachronologyofeventsandanoverviewofthedecadeandthenpresentstopicsandpeoplewhomadethenews.Aswithmanybriefsummarytools,thereisanoccasionalpenchanttointerpretforreaders.However,thisismostlyastraightforwardrecitationofevents,facts,anddates.A55generalindexandanindexofphotographsconcludethevolume.Theblack-and-whitephotographsaregenerallysmall,butillustrative.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案BackgroundInformationAbouttheBook

"EachvolumeofAmericanDecadesconcentratesonthesocialaspectsofaten-yearperiodinAmericanhistory,providinginsightintotimeperiodsthathavedefinedtheculturalidentityofentiregenerationsandhelpedshapethepoliticalandeconomicfabricofAmerica"研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints1.drawtoaclosecometoanend結(jié)束；告終（line1,para.1）寒冷的冬季終于結(jié)束了。Thecoldwinterhasfinallydrawntoaclose.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints2.usherinannounce;signalthestartof;herald預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)告…的來臨；開創(chuàng)（line5,para.1）①鳥鳴報(bào)曉。Thesongofbirdsushersinthedawn.②會(huì)談開創(chuàng)了國際合作的新紀(jì)元。Thetalksusheredinaneweraofinternationalcooperation.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints*atone’sfingertipstohand;available近在手邊；隨時(shí)可供應(yīng)用，立即可以得到①他手頭有自己所需要的所有信息。Hehasalltheinformationheneedsathisfingertips.②你手頭要備一些可供隨時(shí)動(dòng)用的現(xiàn)款。Haveyourcashatyourfingertips!研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints4.*leavebehindproduce(sth)afterwards遺留（某物）（line9,para.1）上屆政府遺留下一大堆問題。Thelastgovernmenthasleftbehindalongtrainofproblems.*leavebehinddesert;abandon留下；把…丟在后面；丟棄這些細(xì)枝末節(jié)我留待你去解決了。TheselittledetailsIleavebehindforyoutosettle.你如果不想落在后面，就得僅僅跟隨。Youhadtofollowcloselyifyouwantedtoavoidbeingleftbehind.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints男人們都跑掉了，只留下老年婦女和孩子。Themenhadallrunaway,leavingonlyoldwomenandchildrenbehind.*leavebehindforgettotakesomeoneorsomethingwithyou遺忘

在回家的半路上，她才意識(shí)到自己把錢包落下了。Itwasn’tuntilshewashalfwayhomethatsherealizedthatshe’dleftherpursebehind.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints5.*pluginconnectapieceofequipmenttoanelectricitysupplyortoanotherpieceofequipment把（某設(shè)備）和（電源或其他設(shè)備）相連（line11,para.1）你只須接通電源，一擰開關(guān)就行了。Allyouhavetodoistopluginandswitchon.*plugin(ininformalAME)Ifyouplugintoagroupofpeopleortheirideasorplugin,youfindoutaboutthemandtrytounderstandthem;tunein（非正式美語）探究；設(shè)法了解研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案Youhavetobecarefulthatyoustaypluggedin.我真正想做的事是探究人們的幻想。WhatI’mreallytryingtodoistoplugintopeople’sfantasies.人們一直在使政治家們了解公共關(guān)系的作用。Politicianshavebeenkeptpluggedintothepublicrelationsoperation.你得非常留心，必須保持消息靈通。LanguagePoints研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints6.thereigning（line13,para.1）a)current當(dāng)前的JohnMcEnroe,thereigningchampion,wasbeateninthefirstround.冠軍保持者約翰。麥肯羅在比賽第一個(gè)回合就被擊敗。b)influential;prevailing起支配作用的；占統(tǒng)治地位的她曾是當(dāng)時(shí)第一美人。Shewasreigningbeautyofherday.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints7.*foolaround/aboutbehavefoolishly;wastetime不務(wù)正業(yè)；虛度光陰

（line9,para.2）Stopfoolingabout,wehavealotofseriousworktodo.①別浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了，我們還有一大堆正事要做。Markadmitsheusedtofoolaroundinclass.*foolaroundwith

haveasexualrelationshipwithsomeonewhoisnotyourusualpartner鬼混不要同有夫之婦亂搞。Don’tfoolaroundwithanotherman’swife.②馬克承認(rèn)以前常在課堂上瞎混。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints*foolaround/aboutwithhandleorusesomethinginastupidorcarelessway瞎弄；亂弄Someonehadbeenfoolingaboutwiththecontrols.不知道是誰在瞎擺弄控制器。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints8.*hack

useacomputertoconnecttosomeoneelse’scomputersecretlyandoftenillegally,sothatyoucanfindorchangeinformationonit非法侵入（他人的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)）（line7,para.3）Youngkidsarefindingtheycanhackthecomputersoflargecorporations.孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們能夠侵入大公司的電腦系統(tǒng)。secretlyfindawaytogetintotheinformationonsomeoneelse’scomputersysteminordertouseorchangeit非法侵入（電腦系統(tǒng)）他們侵入銀行的電腦系統(tǒng)并轉(zhuǎn)走了大量的現(xiàn)金。

Theyhackintobanksandtransferhugeamountsofcash.*hackinto研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints9.stealvimovesomewherequietlyandsecretly偷偷走到；悄悄移動(dòng)（line9,para.3）Wecould

stealuponher.①我們可以偷偷走近她身邊。Timestealsawayfromyouwhenyouarehavingfun.③他漸漸明白過來了。

Awarenessstoleoverhim.②當(dāng)你在嬉戲玩樂時(shí)，時(shí)光就從你身邊悄悄溜走。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints10.*wreakhavoccausedisruptionordestruction引起混亂或毀滅

(line9,para.3)Hishardworkwreakshavocinhispersonallife.①他拼命工作破壞了他的私人生活。Theyhavewroughtdreadfulhavocamongthewildlifebyshootingandtrapping.③洪水給該鎮(zhèn)造成了巨大的破壞。

Floodshavewreakedhavoconthetown.②他們射殺和誘捕野生動(dòng)物，造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints*cause/createhavoccausealotofdamageorharm造成打破壞Winterstormscontinuedtocausehavocfordrivers.冬季的暴風(fēng)雪不斷給駕車者帶來大災(zāi)難。causealotofproblems;disrupt擾亂

①最后幾天的焦慮不安打亂了他的工作時(shí)間，擾亂了他的正常生活秩序。

Theanxietiesofthelastfewdayshadplayedhavocwithhisworkinghoursanddisruptedhisroutine*playhavocwithsth②涉及到定義，政治當(dāng)然給英語造成了紊亂。Whenitcomestodefinitions,politicscertainlyplayshavocwiththeEnglishlanguage.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints11.*lobbysbtodosthtrytoinfluencepoliticiansorpeopleinauthorityonaparticularsubject游說（政治家或掌權(quán)者）（line12,para.3）Motoristslobbiedthegovernmenttotakeactiononpetrolprices.汽車駕駛員們勸說政府采取行動(dòng)控制油價(jià)。trytopersuadepeopleinpower,toapprove(sthsuchasalaw)ortakeaction我們的組織正在對掌權(quán)者進(jìn)行游說，爭取制定更強(qiáng)硬的法律來控制有害垃圾。

Ourorganizationislobbyingfortougherlawstocontroltoxicwaste.*lobbyfor研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints*lobbythroughreachorobtain(sthsuchasalaw)bypoliticalaction;getabillacceptedbyinfluence（通過政治行動(dòng)）實(shí)現(xiàn)或獲?。澄?，如一相法令）；施加影響使議案通過Inspiteofoppositionfromtheotherparties,thechangesinthelawhavebeenlobbiedthrough.盡管其它黨派反對，但法律的修改議案仍通過施加影響而獲得通過。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints12.inthenameofreligion/freedom/scienceetcusingreligion,freedometcasthereasonwhysomethingisdone-usedespeciallywhenyoudisapproveofwhatsomeoneisdoing以…為借口

(line13,para.3)cruelexperimentsonanimalscarriedoutinthenameofscience①以科學(xué)為借口在動(dòng)物身上進(jìn)行的殘酷實(shí)驗(yàn)thethingspeopledointhenameoflove②人們以為借口做的各種事情研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints*insomebody'sname/inthenameofsomebodyifsomethingisinsomeone'sname,itofficiallybelongstothemorisforthemtouse在…的名下；在…的名下Thehouseisinmyhusband'sname.①這是我丈夫名下的房子。TheroomwasreservedinthenameofPeters.②這房間是姓彼得斯的人定的。③這本書是以的名義借的。Thebookischargedoutinyourname.我以國王的名義逮捕你。InthenameoftheKing,Iarrestyou.b)formalassomeoneelse'sofficialrepresentative以…的名義，代表…

研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints13.receiveahearing/afairhearinggetanopportunitytogiveyouropinionorideasaboutaparticularsubject,especiallywhenotherpeopledisagreewithyou得到申辯（或發(fā)表意見）的機(jī)會(huì)；得到公眾注意（或傾聽）的機(jī)會(huì)

(line17,para.3)Itwastheloudestvoicethatreceivedahearing.①嗓門最高的人才有發(fā)表意見的機(jī)會(huì)。Weweregivenaveryfairhearing.②我們得到了非常公正的申訴機(jī)會(huì)。③她認(rèn)為應(yīng)該聽取這個(gè)問題的各個(gè)方面。Shebelievedingivingafairhearingtoallsidesofthequestion.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints14.*spyonwatchsomeonesecretlysothatyouknoweverythingtheydo暗中監(jiān)視；窺探

(line18,para.3)Howmuchdidyoupaythemantospyonme?①你付那人多少錢來監(jiān)視我？Managersfeelitistheirdutytospyontheworkforce.②經(jīng)理們認(rèn)為暗中監(jiān)視員工是他們的職責(zé)。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints*spy/spyoutnoticesomeoneorsomething發(fā)現(xiàn)；注意到Ispyamistake.①我注意到一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。TheboyspiedmeoutthetimeIgotoffthetrain.②我一下火車就給這個(gè)小男孩認(rèn)出來了。③我準(zhǔn)備去察看一下，找個(gè)合適的會(huì)面地點(diǎn)。I’mgoingtospyoutasuitableplacetomeet.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints15.whatsomebodyshoulddowithsomething/whattodowithsomethingetcusedtoaskortalkabouthowsomeoneshoulddealwithsomething用，利用；對待；處理

(line4,para.4)Idon’tknowwhattodowiththisstrangeobject.①我不知道這怪東西有什么用？Whatarewetodowiththisnaughtyboy?②我們怎樣處置這個(gè)頑皮的男孩？*whathassomebodydonewithsomething?spokenusedtoaskwheresomeonehasputsomething放置你把我的帽子放到哪兒去了？Whathaveyoudonewithmyhat?研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints*whathassth(got)todowith…?usedforasking,ofteninanangryway,howtwopeopleorthingsareconnectedorwhysomeoneisinterestedinsomething（常用于生氣地詢問）某事與…有什么關(guān)系A(chǔ)samatteroffactIdohaveaboyfriend,butwhat’sthatgottodowithyou?實(shí)際上我確實(shí)有男朋友，但那跟你有什么關(guān)系？研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案LanguagePoints16.*workwithstrivetoinfluencebyappeals,etc.（通過呼吁等方式）努力影響；對…起作用(line17,para.5)Flatterymayworkwithsomepeople,butitwillnotworkwithme.奉承對一些人也許起作用，但對我卻不起作用。have(sb,usuallyagroup)astheobjectofone’swork做（某人或某些人）的工作*workwith她是教師，得跟孩子們打交道。Sheisateacherandhastoworkwithchildren.*workwithuse(sth)asanobjectortoolinone’sworkorthinking（用某物）做…；擺弄這個(gè)小男孩總是喜歡擺弄電腦什么的。Thelittleboyhasalwayslikedworkingwithacomputer.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案KeysⅠ.READINGCOMPREHENSION1.C2.A3.D4.A5.B6.C7.B8.B9.D10.BⅡ.VOCABULARYA.1.D2.A3.A4.B5.B6.C7.C8.D9.A10.BB.1.atyourfingertips2.usheredin3.decode4.wreak5.compromise6.malfunction7.toxic8.discriminated9.pit10.fanaticsⅢ.CLOZE1.D2.A3.C4.C5.D6.B7.A8.C9.B10.D研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案KeysⅣ.TRANSLATION1二十世紀(jì)九十年代的技術(shù)進(jìn)步似乎帶來了一場其意義堪與兩百年以前的工業(yè)革命相媲美的社會(huì)與經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的革命，它創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)嶄新的社會(huì)，在這個(gè)社會(huì)里人們由技術(shù)相互連接，數(shù)字化的信息、商業(yè)以及通訊都在彈指一揮間。2科技的新發(fā)展似乎向人們承諾提供從消除有毒廢料到食品采買一系列問題的最終解決方案——遺傳工程師培養(yǎng)出了能夠吞食工業(yè)殘?jiān)奈⑸?，麻省理工學(xué)院媒體實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究人員設(shè)計(jì)出了能夠覺察箱內(nèi)牛奶告罄并可上網(wǎng)定購的電冰箱。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案Keys3.1997年克隆動(dòng)物的成功表明了克隆人也已不成問題，人們擔(dān)心人類可能會(huì)朝著一個(gè)由基因制造的人組成的“大膽的新世界”方向發(fā)展，（這已不再是單純的理論問題了）。4盡管大多數(shù)美國人贊成小孩不應(yīng)接觸這些內(nèi)容，但試圖規(guī)范個(gè)人網(wǎng)頁和新聞組內(nèi)容的努力還是同互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)是公開、非集權(quán)的大眾媒體的理念發(fā)生了沖突，在這種媒體中，即使最荒唐、最令人討厭的東西也可以發(fā)表。5但是一些批評人士提出質(zhì)疑說，把花在太空上的錢用來資助地球上的新發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是更好呢？似乎地球上正進(jìn)行著這么多有趣的新項(xiàng)目，太空研究不再那么必要了。研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案KeysⅤ.ORALPRACTICEANDDISCUSSION1.Whywasthenew“DigitalAge”notall-inclusive?Becausesomepeoplecouldnotgetaccesstothesenewtechnologiesforvariedreasons.Forinstance,theelderly,whocan’tacceptallthechangestheDigitalAgehasbroughtabout,orwhocouldnotlearnhowtomanipulatethosesophisticateddigitalequipment,wouldprobablybeleftbehind.Inaddition,therestillexistsanunderprivilegedpopulation,whocouldnotaffordthenewtechnology.研究生英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)級第二版lesson5課后習(xí)題答案Keys2.ListthethreatsconfrontingAmericans’privacy.First,thethreatscomefromtheexplosionoftheInternet.Americansareworriedthatsomemaliciousindividualwould,throughtheInternet,hackintoprotectedcomputersystemstogetgovernmentandmilitarysecrets,thesourcecodestoproprietarysoftware,others’socialsecuritynumberetc.Computerviruscouldstealintopersonalcomputersystemsthroughe-mailor