2023年上海市浦東新區(qū)高考英語(yǔ)二模試卷

1.EmilyDobekisaseventh-gradedatEastPrairieElementarySchool.Recentlyshe(1)

(win)anationalprizebydesigningaspacestationfortravellingtoMars.

Dobekracesherinterestinspaceandtheuniverseback(2)GradeThreewhensheandher

fatherwatchedabloodmoon—atotallunareclipse(月食)一ontheroofoftheirhouse.Shesaysthat

nightwatchingthelunareclipseawakenedherpassion(3)hasyettorunoutoffuel.

So(4)herteacher,AndrewSmeeton,receivedinformationaboutthenationalchallenge,

sheimmediatelyhadonestudentinmind.

',Iknewshewould?ovethechallengeandthatshewouldgowaybeyondinherresearch,nSmeeton

said."Whenshestarted,bonedensity(骨密度)ofastronauts(5)(research)immediately

tofigureouthowtosurviveonMars."

AccordingtoDobek,design,theMarsStorageStation(MSS)willbebuilt(6)

(accommodate)theneedforsufficientsupplies.Sheexplainshowherspacecraft—the

Adventure-willbejoinedtoaspacestationbefore∏yingtotheMSStoloadsupplies.Herdesign

includestheSelfGrowingFarm,andshedetails(7)itwouldworkwithelementsonMars.

ThenthereisphysicalandleisureactivityfortheastronautsunderDobek,sdesign.Asimulator(模

擬器)allowsastronautstochoosetheirexercisemachineandvirtualrealityenvironment.Rooms

withcircularceilingsallowastronautstowatch(8)(download)showsandevenseeplaces

onEarth,suchastheirhomes.

Chiefamongherimmediategoals,shesaid,istoinspire(9)withthisproject.',Iwantto

tellotherkidstofollowtheirpassions,nDobeksaid,π(10)theywanttodo,theyshould

kindofjustpushforit.Theyshouldalwaystrytheirbest."

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

⑺

(8)

(9)

(10)

2.

A.absenceB.doubleC.extendedD.functionsE.fundF.outpaced

G.prospectsH.record1.shiftedJ.steadyK.upward

JapanbirthsfalltorecordlowaspopulationcrisisdeepensJapansaw799,728birthsin2022,the

lowestnumberonrecord.Thatnumberhasnearlyhalvedinthepast40years；bycontrast,Japan

recordedmorethan1.5millionbirthsin1982.Japanalsoreporteda(n)(1)highforpost-war

deathslastyear,atmorethan1.58million.Deathshave(2)birthsinJapanformorethan

adecade,posingagrowingproblemforleadersoftheworld'sthird-largesteconomy.Theynowface

aballooningelderlypopulation,alongwithashrinkingworkforceto(3)pensionsandhealth

careasdemandfromtheagingpopulationincreases.

Japan'spopulationhasbeenin(4)declinesinceitseconomicboomofthe1980sandstood

at125.5millionin202LItsdeathrateof1.3isfarbelowtherateof2.1requiredtomaintainastable

population,inthe(5)Ofimmigration.

Thecountryalsohasoneofthehighestlifeexpectanciesintheworld；in2020,nearlyonein1,

500peopleinJapanwereaged100orolder.Theseconcerningtrendsresultedinawarningfrom

PrimeMinisterthatJapanis',ontheedgeofnotbeingabletomaintainsocial(6)"and

JapannSimplycannotwaitanylonger"insolvingtheproblemofitslowbirthrate.Anewgovernment

agencywillbesetuptofocusontheissue,withPrimeMinistersayingthathewantsthegovernment

to(7)itsspendingonchild-relatedprograms.

Butmoneyalonemightnotbeabletosolvethecomplexproblem,withvarioussocialfactors

contributingtothelowbirthrateJapan,shighcostofliving,limitedspaceandlackofchildcare

supportincitiesmakeitdifficulttoraisechildren,meaningfewercouplesarehavingkids.Urban

couplesarealsooftenfarfrom(8)familyinotherregions,whocouldhelpprovide

support.In2022,Japanwasrankedoneoftheworld'smostexpensiveplacestoraiseachild.

Andyet,thecountry'seconomyhassloweddownsincetheearly1990s,meaningfrustratinglylow

wagesandlittle(9)mobility.

Theaveragerealannualhouseholdincomedeclinedfroms50,600in1995to$43,300in

2020.Attitudestowardmarriageandstartingfamilieshavealso(10)inrecentyears,with

morecouplesputtingoffbothduringthepandemic.

Arecentseriesofstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.Theyfocusedonthreedifferent

sports：WorldCupsoccer,professionalbasketball,andprofessionalbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.For

soccerandbasketball,thestudiesrevealedthataddingtalentedplayerstoateamisindeeda(n)(?)

strategy,butonlyuptoapoint.Performance(2)whenabout70%oftheplayerswere

consideredtoptalent.Abovethatlevel,theteam'sperformancebegantodecline.Interestingly,thistrend

wasnotevidentinbaseball,whereadditional(3)talentcontinuedtoenhancetheteam,s

performance.(Figure1and2)

?nlookingforanexplanationforthedifferentresultsfordifferentsports,theresearchers(4)

oneimportantfactor一theextenttowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequireditsmembersto

coordinate(協(xié)調(diào))theiractions.Thistask(5)distinguishesbaseballfrombasketballandsoccer.

Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersis(6)teammatesthaninsoccerand

basketball.Theresearchersconcludedthatwhen,duringthecourseofplay,taskinterdependenceishigh,

teamperformancewill(7)whenthereistoomuchtalentinthegroup.Whentask

interdependenceislower,(8)individualtalentwillhaveapositiveeffectonteamperformance.

Oneexplanationforthisphenomenonisnotsofarfromthepeckingorder(等級(jí)目F序)situationamong

chickens.?fabasketballstarispursuinghisownpersonalgoals,(9)tryingtogatherahigh

personalpointtotal,hemaybeless(10)thanteamplayer.Hemaytakeashothimselfwhenit

wouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,thusmakingtheteam'soverallperformancesuffer.nThere

isno(11)inTEAM,"youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold.Apparentlystars

(12)followthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.

Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaybeginto(?3)

ThisisreferredtoastheRingelmanneffect.Ringelmannconductedanexperimentinwhichheaskedtwo,

three,four,andupto28peopletoparticipateinagameoftug-of-war.Hemeasuredhowmuchforceeach

personusedtopulltherope.Hefoundthatwheneverheaddedapersontotheteam,everyoneelsepulled

withlessforce.

(14)theidealteam-forsports,business,science,orentertainment—ismorecomplicated

thansimplyhiringthebesttaient.AnA-teammayrequirea(15)notjustAplayers,butafew

generousBplayersaswell.

3.A.sensibleB.partialC.alarmingD.attainable

4.A.fadedB.peakedC.evolvedD.proceeded

5.A.teamB.creativeC.academicD.individual

6.A.identifiedB.overlookedC.consideredD.concealed

7.A.explanationB.conclusion

C.discussionD.interdependence

8.A.moresuitableforB.morecriticalto

C.lessdependentonD.lessinvolvedin

9.A.swingB.sufferC.endureD.function

10.A.inprincipleB.inasense

C.inotherwordsD.ontheotherhand

11.A.asaruleB.bycontrast

C.forexampleD.asamatteroffact

12.A.stressedB.genuineC.sensitiveD.generous

13.A.?B.HEC.THEYD.WE

14.A.closelyB.rarelyC.humblyD.jointly

15.A.makelesseffortB.causemoretrouble

C.takelessadvantageD.attachmoreimportance

16.A.InspiringB.IntensifyingC.GatheringD.Training

17.A.explorationB.balanceC.stabilityD.flexibility

D

Itwasawinterafternoonwhen,rushingtoattendthefinalshowofmyartschooldegree,Icaughttheheel

ofmybootontheedgeofapavement.Suddenly,Iwasflyingthroughtheair.Ifthepasttwoyearsstudying

photographyhadtaughtmeanything,itwasanappreciationofhowthingscanchangeinathousandthof

asecond.Light,shadow,colours,allareinaconstantstateofflux（不斷的變動(dòng)）一asislife.Andsince

crash-landingontomyleftshoulder,Ihavebeenlivingthroughthetruthofthiswisdom.

Thatday,doctorsdiagnosedacrackedbone.ltwasonlythenextmorningwhen,instinctively,Itriedto

capturesomespectacularsunlightstreamingintomykitchen,that?hadtofacetheharshreality：?could

nolongerliftmycamera,letaloneusit.Latchthatweek,ahospitalappointmentconfirmedmyworstscar

-thearmneededtotalrest.

Soon,IbecameCantankeroUSandimpatient.!couldn'ttravel,?could,tgoanywheremuch.Surfingonline,

Icameacrosstheconceptofgratitudeinterventionsandtheirroleinboostingmoodandwellbeing.A

Californianpsychologist,SonjaLyubomirsky,haspioneeredresearchintousingadailyphotography

practiceasatoolforenhancedgratitude.Herinstructionsaresimple,butnotnecessarilycask.Take

photographsthroughoutthedayofthingsthatarecentraltowhoyouare.Takeatleastfivephotosa

day.Initially,itfeltlikeademandingtask.Butreadinghowparticipantsassignedtothegratitude

interventionshadexperiencedenhancedpositiveemotions,Idecidedtopersevere.

Painforcedmetoslowdown,becausecapturingasingleiPhonephotowaspainful.And,yet,thestruggle

tofindanythingtofeelgratefulabout,andthentorecordit,startedtodramaticallyimprovebothmymood

andmyimages.!begantophotographthemostboringdetailsofmydays,frommybreakfastcuptoared

pepperreflectedinthewindow.Despiteeveιything,IfoundIcouldfindmagicintheordinary."Lifeseems

repetitiveandboringwhenyoudon'tnoticetheuniquenessofeachmomentandtheconstantsubtle

changesthataregoingonallaroundyou,"writeAndyKarrinawonderfulbookonphotography.Iagree,

butdon,tjusttakemywordforit—experienceitforyourself.

18.Whathappenedtothewriteronthewinterafternoon?

A.Shewenttoherclassmate'sdegreeshowinahurry.

B.Shetrippedoverandbrokehershoulderbone.

C.Shewastaughtanunforgettablelessononphotography.

D.Shetookaphotoofatragiccrash-landingtobeonshow.

19.Theunderlinedword"cantankerous"inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto

A.suspiciousofthehospitaldiagnosis

B.desperatetohavemyinjurytreated

C.enthusiasticaboutboostingwellbeing

D.bad-temperedandalwayscomplaining

20.Thewriterphotographedtheboringliferoutinebecause.

A.underlyingmagicconsistedindailyaffairs

B.gratitudefuelledastruggleagainstboredom

C.itwascentraltotheessenceofphotography

D.shefeltlikebeingassigneddemandingtasks

21.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ExpressGratitudetoWinter

B.BecomeaMasterofPhotography

C.WitnessRebirthoutofInjury

D.PicturethisbeautyintheOrdinary

E

Filterby

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ENTERTAINMENTIRESTAURANTSITHEATREIFILMIMUSICIEXHIBITIONS

Anotablehighlightoftheshowwasthe

realconfidenceofthesinging.SamHall

wasajoytowatch,withperfectcomic

timing,aswasEmmaWilliams,

thoroughlybelievableandconvincingin

herrole.Thesetwoyoungtalentsstole

■theShow,inmyopinion.Theonly

disadvantageisappointmentswerethe

dancing,whichshowedalackof

■originality,andtheopeningscene,which

fellalittleflat.Despitetheoccasional

technicalflaws,thiswasahighly

enjoyableandgreatlyimpressive

production,whichthecompanyshould

beproudof.

IwasreallylookingforwardtoJonathan

Baker,slatest,whichissetinan

imagined,butrealistic,Londonofthe

scarfuture.ButIfoundthisneweffort

wasactdownbytheslightly

one-dimensionalcharacterization,and

thewritingisbelowstandardforthe

mostpart：someoftheearlyscents

betweenMarthaandherhusbandare

slightlyboring.Thesuperb

■characterizationandambitionthatbaker

demonstratedinhispreviousnovels

seemtobemissinghere.Baker*

commitmenttodescribingthelivesof

ordinarypeopleisadmirable,butthe

wholethingislackinginenergy.

Thisisepisodenumberthreeinthe

nearlytwenty-year-oldseries,delivering

averyattractiveandinterestingstoryand

loadsofcomedy.Thereissomestrong

writingandvoiceacting,butthenew

episodechoosestogoforalinear（線性

的）narrative,withsomepuzzleincluded

alongtheway,whichislessinvolving

thanthethemeofexplorationand

conversationwhichpreviousepisode

havedependedon.Besides,thepuzzle

■arenotparticularlyengaging,andmany

ofthemhavebeenseenbeforeinother

adventuregames.Thevisualsare

extremelyimpressive,ofcourse,aswe

havecometoexpect,thistimefeaturing

venuesinCatalonia.Butoverall,aslight

disappointment.

22.Theunderlinedphrase"StOIetheShOW"mostprobablymeans.

A.disappointedtheproducerB.ruinedthewholeperformance

C.attractedthemostattentionD.exhibitedexcessiveconfidence

23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutJonathanBakerisTRUE?

A.Heexcelsinone-dimensionalcharacterization.

B.Hisnovelscenteraroundordinarypeople'slives.

C.Hisnovelsshowconsistentsupercharacterizationandambition.

D.HeispassionateaboutpresentingrealisticimagesoffutureLondon.

24.Thepuzzleinepisodenumberthree.

A.areintegratedinthenarrative

B.arcappealingtotheaudience

C.dealwiththethemeofexploration

D.areabsentinotheradventuregames

F

PlugsacrossAmerica

TheUnitedStateshasaround150,000fuelstationstoretillfossil-fuel-burningvehicles.Despitetherapid

growthofall-electricvehicleinAmerica-400,000ofthemweresoldin2021,upfrombarelyla,000

in2012—thecountryhasonly6,000fastelectricchargingstations,thekindthatcanrapidlychargea

batteιy-poweredcar.

AglanceatAmerica1Schargingmaprevealsalotofchargingdeserts.Thismakessense,asEVs(electric

vehicle)stillrepresentlessthan3%ofnewcarsales.Largecitieshaveagrowingnumberoffastcharges,

butnotnearlyenoughtoaccommodatesomanyEVs.Awayfromcities,thesechartersarealonginterstate

highwayscloselyenoughtoallowelectriccarssafepassage.Otherwise,theyarenearlynonexistentinrural

America.AndEVstationshaveaproblemthatgasstationsdon't：,,EventhefastestTeslasuperchargeris

stillgoingtotake15minutestoputacouplehundredmilesonthevehicle,,,saysJeremyMichalek,a

professoratCarnegieMellonUniversity.

MichaleksaysAmericanchargingfacilitiesfallfarbehindwhat,neededforthewholecountιytotransition

toelectricdriving.Onthebrightside,thereistimetocatchup,becausenotallAmericanswillembraceat

once.Mostearlyadopterswerethosewithaccesstoachargeathomeintheirgarageorparking

space.Thoseownerscanwakeupwithafullbatteryandonlyneedtorelyonpubliccharterswhenthey

leavetownonanextendedtrip.ButasthecountrygetstohigherlevelsofEVadoption,thecurrent

facilitieswon'tbeenough.ThatiswhyMichaleksaystheUSneedstoprioritizeincreasingthenumberof

chargesatreststopsalongwell-traveledhighways,especiallyasmorepeopleuseelectriccarsfor

summer-timeroadtrips.

',AsweacttohigherlevelsofEVadoption,ifwedon'thaveenoughchargersforpeakdemand,thewait

timesaregoingtobeunlikewhatweseewithgasstations,uhesays.

ChargingdeadboneswillbelargerasmoreAmericansconsideranEV.Renterswhodonothavetheoption

toinstallahomechargeswillbehesitanttogofullyelectricuntiltheycanfeelconfidentapublicplugwill

betherewhentheyneedit.Andasmorehouseholdsdriveonlyelectricvehicles,itwillbecrucialthat

peoplecangettoalltheplacestheywanttogo.

Inthebestcase,Michalekenvisionspublic-privatecooperationtobuildanationalchargingnetwork.The

USgovernmenthaspromisedtoinstallplugsthroughoutruralareas,whilecompaniesconstructing

chargingstationsacrossAmericawillhaveastrongmotivationtofillinthecountιy,sbiggestcities.After

all,companieslikeElectrifyAmerica,EVgo,andChargePointchargecustomersofenergytheyuse.

25.Itcanbelearnedfromthe2ndparagraphthat.

A.thereisashortageofchargingstationsintheruralareasofAmerica

B.ittakesabout15minutesforanaveragechargetochargeabattery-poweredcar

C.moreelectricvehiclesaresoldthanfossil-fuelburningcarsinlargecitiesinAmerica

D.thereareenoughchargesinAmericaconsideringthelimitedsalesofnewelectricvehicles

26.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldMichalekmostprobablyagreewith?

A.Companiessettingupchargingstationsarehesitanttogoelectric.

B.Thosewhoalreadyhaveahomechargedon,thavetofindapublicplug.

C.Toppriorityneedstobegiventoaddingmorechargingstationsacrossthecountι*y.

D.Thereisenoughtimetoestablishachargingnetwork,becausenotmanyEVsareused.

27.Whatcanbeinferredabouttherenters?

A.Somerentersdon,thavetheintentiontogoelectric.

B.Somerentersmightnotbeauthorizedtoinstallahomecharge.

C.Asmorerentersareunwillingtousepublicplugs,thechargingdeadbonesaregrowing.

D.Somerentersmightnothaveenoughconfidenceinthepublicplugsforthesafetyreasons.

28.WhodoesMichalekexpecttoworktogethertoestablishthechargingnetworknationwide?

A.Thegovernmentandsomecompanies.

B.Thelocalgovernmentandeveryhousehold.

C.Thechargingfacilityprovidersandeveryfamily.

D.Thefederalgovernmentandthelocalruralgovernment.

A.Inrealitygardensareanythingbutnatural.

B.Whatarethethingstheyhavebeenattractedto?

C.Theyareidealizedlandscapeswithallthemud,pestsanddeadplantseditedout.

D.Howmuchbetteraplacetheplanetwouldbeifgardeningwasouroutletforthisneed!

E.Muchlikeagriculture,gardeningisauniversalhumandesirecodedintoourcultural

DNA.

F.Thecalmnesscreatedbyowningatinygreenspaceundermycontrolhasapowerful

effectonmymind.

Asabotanistwhostudiesourculturalrelationshipwithplants,Iamforeverfascinatedwithwhat

drawspeopletogardening.

Admittedly,connectingwiththenaturalworldmightseemlikean

obviousmotivation,andundoubtedlyitisakeypartofthe

attraction.(1)Iftheywere,we'dabandonanyattemptsat

design,plantingorcareandwatchhowwallsofweedsslowlygave

waytothemassofbushes.Butthatwouldn'tbegardening,ofcourse,

becauseforalltheirdiversity,theonethingthatallgardenshavein

commonishowunnaturaltheyare.(2)Dazzlingplants,

waterfracturesandgloriousbloomsisallinterconnectedwellbeyondwhatwouldnaturally

occur.WhetheritisgreenlawnscreatedinthedriestdesertsoratropicalparadiseonastormyNorth

Atlanticisland,theyareallaboutshapingthenaturalworldtofitouridea

ofwhatit,,should"be.

AsIworkonmytinyterrariums(玻璃花園)ondarkFebruarynights,somethingmagicalhappens

tomybrain.(3)Inaworldthathasbecomeincreasinglyuncertain,peopleareoftenfuelled

bythesamepsychologicaldesire：theinstinctiveneedtohaveabitofcontrolamidchaos.

Asourworldbecomesmoreandmoreunpredictableandoftenfrightening,gardeningseemstobe

abletoappealtoandreachouttoawholenewgeneration,oftenagainstallodds.

Ofcourse,gardeningisn'ttheonlythingpeopleturnto.Theriseofcultureconflictsandfixationon

bodyimagehavealsobeenwidelydocumentedasbeingdrivenbyapsychologicalneedtofeela

degreeofcertainty,controlandsafety.However,Ican'thelpbutthinkofthesealternatives：(4)

29.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

30.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

31.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

32.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

33.Directions：roadthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)of

thepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Aplantorestoregreenspaces

TheUKgovernmenthasrevealedaplantoprotectandrestoreEngland,swildlife.ltfocusesonat-risk

speciesbymakingcanals,riversandstreamscleanerandexpandinggreenspaces.

ThenewEnvironmentalImprovementPlansetsgoalstocreateorrestoremorethan5,000square

kilometresofwildlifehabitatsacrossEnglandandrestore400milesofrivers.ltwillcreateorexpand

25nationalnaturereserves.Newwoodlandwillalsobeplantedalongsiderivers.Atthemoment,

accesstogreenspacesisnotequalacrosstheUK.Around4%ofpeoplelivemorethan10minutes

awayfromtheirnearestpark.TheEnvironmentalImprovementPlanaimstomakesurehouseholdsin

EnglandarewithinaI5-minutewalktoagreenspace.

Aswellashelpingmorepeopletoactclosetonature,theplanshouldincreaseEngland's

biodiversity.AspeciesSurvivalFundwillbesetuptohelpsomeofEngland'smostendangered

animals,suchasredsquirrels(松鼠)andwatchrats.TheGovernmenthassettargetstoboostthese

speciesby2030.Therearealsotargetstoreducefoodwaste,glass,metal,paperandplasticby2028,

andtoimprovethequalityofwaterinrivers.

NewrulesmeanthattheGovernmentwillhavetoconsidertheenvironmentaleffectsofanypolicyit

putsforward.Thesegoalsarepartofa25-yearplanthatwaslaunchedin2018.Theaimoftheplanis

toimprovetheenvironment',withinageneration"whichisroughly25years.

Althoughlotsofpeoplehavewelcomedtheplan,noteveryoneisimpressed.PaildeZylva,fromthe

charityFriendsoftheEarth，saiditwasn'tclearenoughhowthegoalswouldbemetandthatmanyof

themwerelikepromisestheGovernmenthadalreadymadebutnotyetdelivered.

34.有了無(wú)人機(jī)，救援人員就可以安全地評(píng)估災(zāi)區(qū)的受災(zāi)狀況。（enable）（漢譯英）

35.他剛出差回來(lái)，就馬不停蹄地趕到施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)了解工程進(jìn)度。（themoment）（漢譯英）

36.這家酒店不但避免使用一次性塑料產(chǎn)品，而且還采用節(jié)能照明系統(tǒng)，開(kāi)創(chuàng)了當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)旅

游的先河。（adopt）（漢譯英）

37.這位來(lái)自?shī)W地利藝術(shù)學(xué)院的油畫(huà)家近期會(huì)在上海舉辦個(gè)人作品展，將呈現(xiàn)給參觀者一場(chǎng)

視覺(jué)盛宴。（WhiCh）（漢譯英）

38.Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven

belowinChinese.

假期即將來(lái)臨，你的朋友李華計(jì)劃完成一篇調(diào)查報(bào)告，他對(duì)去公共圖書(shū)館還是去自習(xí)室

（self-studyroom）寫(xiě)報(bào)告猶豫不決，現(xiàn)征求你的建議.請(qǐng)參考以下信息，寫(xiě)一封郵件，內(nèi)容

需包括：

（1）你的建議；

（2）你建議的理由。

公共圖書(shū)館自習(xí)室

收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)免費(fèi)20元/5小時(shí)

開(kāi)放時(shí)間9：00a.m—5：00p.m24小時(shí)

交通時(shí)長(zhǎng)45分種10分鐘

設(shè)施環(huán)境免費(fèi)使用館內(nèi)資源免費(fèi)茶點(diǎn)

答案和解析

1.【答案】【小題1】haswon

【小題2】to

【小題3】that/which

【小題4]when

【小題5】wasresearched

【小題6]toaccommodate

【小題7】how

【小題8】downloaded

【小題9】others

【小題10]whatever

【解析】（1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：最近，她設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)前往火星的空間站，獲得了國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)。根據(jù)

ReCenuy可知，本句主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為She,助動(dòng)詞用has。故填haswon。

（2）考查介詞。句意：DObek對(duì)太空和宇宙的興趣可以追溯到三年級(jí)，當(dāng)時(shí)她和父親在他們的屋

頂上觀看了血月一一月全食。短語(yǔ)backto是固定搭配，表示“追溯到"，to是介詞。故填to。

（3）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：她說(shuō)，那天晚上看月食喚醒了她的激情，她的激情還沒(méi)有耗盡。分析

句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中含定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞PaSSiOn,在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，所以用that或

WhiCh引導(dǎo)從句。故填that/which。

（4）考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：因此，當(dāng)她的老師AndreWSmeetOn得知全國(guó)挑戰(zhàn)賽的消息時(shí)，她馬

上想到了一個(gè)學(xué)生。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示"當(dāng)……時(shí)候

"＞應(yīng)用when。故填when。

（5）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)她開(kāi)始時(shí)，宇航員的骨密度立即被研究出來(lái)，以弄清楚如何在火星

上生存。根據(jù)句意，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)上文Started可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，

主語(yǔ)為bonedenSityOfaStronaUts,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。故填WaSreSearChed。

（6）考查不定式。句意：根據(jù)Dobek的設(shè)計(jì)，火星儲(chǔ)存站（MSS）的建造將滿足充足供應(yīng)的需

要。此處accommodate作目的狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用不定式。故填I(lǐng)oaCCOmmOdale。

（7）考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：她的設(shè)計(jì)包括自我生長(zhǎng)的農(nóng)場(chǎng)，她詳細(xì)介紹了它將如何與火星上的元

素