CONTENTS被動語態(tài)01Grammar我扇了你一耳屎。我學(xué)英語。我用電腦。

你被我扇了一耳屎。英語被我學(xué)。電腦被我用。Grammar英語有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。主語是動作的承受者。主動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：我扇了你一耳屎。

你被我扇了一耳屎。Grammar被動語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：I

do

homework

every

day.Homework

is

done

by

me

every

day.助動詞be+過去分詞各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)1.

Simple

Present（一般現(xiàn)在時）：

We

_______

(clean)

the

classroom.

The

classroom

_______

_______

by

us.

Active（主動語態(tài)）：Subject（主語）+

do/does

Passive（被動語態(tài)）：iscleanedcleanSubject

+

am/is/are

+

done各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)2.

Simple

Past（一般過去時）：

He

_______

(make)

the

kite.

The

kite

_______

_______

by

him.

Active：Subject（主語）+

did

Passive：wasmademadeSubject

+

was/were

+

done各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)3.

Present

Progressive（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時）：

She

__________

(water)

flowers.

Flowers

_______

_______

_______

by

her.

Active：Subject（主語）+

am/is/are

doing

Passive：arebeingis

wateringSubject

+

am/is/are

+

being

donewatered各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)4.

Present

Perfect（現(xiàn)在完成時）：

Jim

__________

(finish)

the

work.

The

work

_______

_______

_______

by

Jim.

Active：Subject（主語）+

have/has

done

Passive：hasbeenhas

finishedSubject

+

have/has

+

been

donefinished各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)5.

Simple

Future（一般將來時）：

They

__________

(plant)

trees

tomorrow.

Trees

_____

_____

_______

by

them

tomorrow.

Active：Subject（主語）+

will

do

Passive：willbewill

plantSubject

+

will

+

be

doneplanted各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)6.

Past

Progressive（過去進(jìn)行時）：

She

_________

(write)

a

letter

this

time

yesterday.

A

letter

_____

_____

_______

by

her

this

time

yesterday.

Active：Subject（主語）+

was/were

doing

Passive：wasbeingwas

writingSubject

+

was/were

+

being

donewritten各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)7.

Past

Perfect（過去完成時）：

Jim

__________

(finish)

the

work.

The

work

_____

_____

_______

by

Jim.

Active：Subject（主語）+

had

done

Passive：hadbeenhad

finishedSubject

+

had

+

been

donefinished各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時一般將來時過去進(jìn)行時過去完成時am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/are

beingdonehave/has

beendonewill

bedonewas/were

beingdonehad

beendonePractice-被打的豆豆遙遠(yuǎn)的小島上，住著一個倒霉蛋，他叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃飯、睡覺、打豆豆。他總是被打，還不知道是誰打的。

Doudou

______

always

______

by

someone.isbeatenPractice-被打的豆豆

昨天晚上，夜黑風(fēng)高，它又被打了。

Doudou

______

______

yesterday

night.wasbeatenPractice-被打的豆豆

明天，豆豆還會面臨N頓暴打，可憐的豆豆啊。

Doudou

______

______

______

tomorrow.willbeatenbePractice-被打的豆豆

可憐的豆豆，已經(jīng)被這樣打了很多年。好慘！

Doudou

______

______

______

for

many

years.hasbeatenbeenPractice-被打的豆豆

豆豆現(xiàn)在在干嘛呢，不用問，一定是正在被打！

Doudou

______

______

______

now.isbeatenbeing主動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)被動語態(tài)e.g.

Many

students

study

English.

English

is

studied

by

many

students.⑴賓語→主語；⑵主語→賓語，前加介詞by；⑶謂語動詞→相應(yīng)的被動形式。主動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)被動語態(tài)1.

They

play

football

on

Sunday.

Football2.

We

planted

many

trees

last

year.

Many

trees3.

They

will

finish

the

work

in

ten

days.

The

work

is

playedby

them

on

Sunday.were

planted

by

us

last

year.will

be

finishedby

them

in

ten

days.1.帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變被動語態(tài)常見的接雙賓語的動詞有：pass

sb.

sth.=pass

sth.

to

sb. give

sb.

sth.=give

sth.

to

sb.teach

sb.

sth.=teach

sth.

to

sb. show

sb.

sth.=show

sth.

to

sb.bring

sb.

sth.=bring

sth.

to

sb. hand

sb.

sth.=hand

sth.

to

sb.lend

sb.

sth.=lend

sth.

to

sb.

tell

sb.

sth.=tell

sth.

to

sb.write

sb.

sth.=write

sth.

to

sb. make

sb.

sth.=make

sth.

for

sb. buy

sb.

sth.=buy

sth.

for

sb.get

sb.

sth.=get

sth.

for

sb. cook

sb.

sth.=cook

sth.

for

sb.間接賓語：人直接賓語：物1.帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變被動語態(tài)可將間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為主語，也可將直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為主語。She

gave

me

a

book.

間接賓語me作主語：I

was

given

a

book

by

her.直接賓語a

book作主語：A

book

was

given

to

me

by

her.2.短語動詞變被動語態(tài)許多由不及物動詞構(gòu)成的動詞短語相當(dāng)于及物動詞，可以有賓語，也可以有被動語態(tài)。takecareof→betakencareofcutdown→becutdownlaughat→belaughedatlookafter→belookedafter2.短語動詞變被動語態(tài)許多由不及物動詞構(gòu)成的動詞短語相當(dāng)于及物動詞，可以有賓語，也可以有被動語態(tài)。I

turned

off

the

radio.The

radioThey

take

good

care

of

my

child.My

child

was

turned

offis

taken

good

care

ofby

them.by

me.3.帶復(fù)合賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語→復(fù)合賓語只能把賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，賓語補(bǔ)足語保留在原處，成為主語補(bǔ)足語。IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.JaneShetoldustofollowherinstructions.We

was

heardplaying

the

piano

in

her

room.

were

toldto

follow

her

instructions.4.含情態(tài)動詞的句子變被動語態(tài)若主動語態(tài)中謂語含有情態(tài)動詞，在相應(yīng)的被動語態(tài)中通常應(yīng)保留該情態(tài)動詞。Everyone

must

know

this.This

The

boss

may

have

sent

her

to

work

elsewhere.She

mustbe

knownmayhave

been

sent

to

work

elsewhereby

everyone.by

the

boss.Practice1.Iwashdisheseveryday.

______________________________everyday.2.