20202021學年上海市閔行區(qū)七寶中學高三英語上學期10月月考試卷I.Listeningprehension(略)II.GrammarandVocabulary(20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharp(21)youage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andhadthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskills(22)(assess)throughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptoebacktothelabevery18months(23)(take)thesamesortsoftests.Thosewho(24)(hold)mentallystimulating,demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive（認知）function(25)amuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,”saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy.“Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou’reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork—sure,youwillfeeltired,(27)itcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.”It’snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidwork(26)canhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter’sjob,forexample,(28)(require)multitasking,teamworkanddecisionmakingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhighlevelofficework.And“runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshighlevelplanningandcoordinating（協(xié)調(diào)）,”shesays.“You(29)_______________organizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.”O(jiān)fcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons—includingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallenge(30)mentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.SectionB(10分)Directions:pletethepassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.essenceB.amateurC.influentialD.balancedAB.recognitionAC.highlightsessenceB.amateurC.influentialD.balancedAB.recognitionAC.highlightsAD.maximizingBC.overwhelminglyBD.talentedCD.obsessionABC.prioritizeWhenmostofusrecallourschoolsportingdays,wetendtorememberthefriendshipsthatwereforged,theoccasionalpersonal___31___andthefarmorefrequentmomentswhenourskilllevelsdidn'tquitematchouridols'.However,notallofthepresentgenerationofschoolchildrenmaybeabletolookbackontheirsportingexperienceswithsuchfondness.Therearegrowingfears,withinindependentschoolsinparticular,thatmovestowardsprofessionalstandardsandafocusonwinningmaydisagreewiththe___32___ofschoolsports.Theproblemis,perhapsunsurprisingly,moreprevalentinboys'sport,andespeciallysoinrugby,whereindependentschoolsstillprovidethebulkoffutureEnglandinternationals.Atthesametime,therehasbeenasurgeinthenumberofschoolsofferingscholarshipsto___33___rugbyplayers,drivenbyadesiretowidenaccess,butalso,onoccasion,bya(n)___34___thatsuccessontheplayingfieldmaybeapotentialmarketingtool.OnedirectorofrugbyatatopperformingschoolintheSouthEastreportsthathisstarunder16playerwaspoached(挖走)byarivalschoolwhichofferedhimafullscholarship.‘Weweren’tpreparedtoenterintoabiddingwarovera15yearoldkid,’hesaysratherpitifully.ChrisMorgan,directorofsportatTonbridge,isacriticoftheseshiftstowardsbeingsuperstarsportsschools,'Anincreasingnumberofschoolsseemtobeusingsportsscholarshipsaspartoftheirbusinessmodel,’hesays.‘Theyplacerugbyaboveothersportsasitseemstobemore___35___inparents’decisionmakingoverwhichschooltheywanttosendtheirchildrento.’Asaresult,someofMorgan'scounterpartsatotherindependentschoolsfeelunderpressuretofocusonwinningratherthan___36___enjoyment.‘Ifeverythingyouputonyourwebsiteisaboutwhichteamswon,itiseasytoseehowcoaches,boysandparentscanthinkthatresultsarethemostimportantbarometerofsuccess.’Severalcoachesfeelthattheireffortsto___37___players’enjoymentoverresultsareatriskofbeingunderminedbythetemptationtoseesportasanextensionofacademicleaguetables.Onedirectorofrugbytoldmethatwhenevertheyloseagame,hisheadmastercallsameetingontheMondaymorninginwhichhedemandsanexplanationforthedefeat.‘Theheadcan'tunderstandthatsportisn'tjustaboutwinning,’hesays.So,withincreasinglyprofessionalsetupsandaseeming___38___withwinningatallcosts,hasschoolsportlostitsinnocence?Certainlynot,saysKevinKnibbs,HeadmasterofHamptonSchoolinSouthWestLondon,andChairoftheHeadmasters'andHeadmistresses'Conference(HMC)SportsSubmittee‘Independentschoolsunderstandthatsportishugelybeneficialtoyoungpeople.Whiletherehavebeensubstantialimprovementsinthestandardofsportsfacilities,coaching,andperformanceinindependentschoolsoverthepastdecade,thisis___39___with,anemphasisonsafety,wellbeingandgeneralfitness.Togetherthesethingshavehada(n)___40___positiveimpactonyoungpeople’sexperiencesofsportinHMCschools,'hesays.'Pupilsarefreetoenjoyplayingawiderangeofsportswiththeirfriendswithoutfacingunduepressuretowiporneedingtofollowanoverintensivetrainingregime,Knibbscontinue.III.Readingprehension(45分）SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordofphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Biodiversityisaconceptthat'smonlyreferenced,yetregularlymisunderstood.Theplex(41)______notonlyreferstotheunbelievablevarietyoflifeonEarth,buttohoweverythingfromgenestoentireecosystemsinteracttomaketheplanethabitable.Thebadnews:scienceshowsthatbiodiversityis(42)______worldwideatafasterratethanatanytimeinhumanhistory.That’sobviouslydevastatingforeverythinginnatureincludingus.“Ifbiodiversitydisappears,sodopeople,”saysDr.StephenWoodley,fieldecologistandbiodiversityexpertwiththeInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.“Wearepartofthe(43)______andwedonotexistwithoutit.”Preventingsuchacatastrophe,saysWoodley,beginswithunderstandingwhybiodiversityisdeclining,andthentakingactionto(44)______course.“Thetwogreatest(45)______ofbiodiversitylossarehabitatloss,primarilyonland,andoverexploitation,primarilyintheocean,”Woodleysays.Heexplainsthatwecansolvetheseproblemsbypermanently(46)______morelandsandoceansandmanagingthemfortheirconservationvalues.That'sthemissionoftheglobalCampaignforNature,apartnershipoftheWyssFoundationandtheNationalGeographicSociety.Insteadofsimplyprotecting30percentoftheEarth,the(47)______alsoencouragesnations,infullpartnershipwithlocalmunities,tofocusontheright30percent.Thoseareas,saysWoodley,(48)______themostimportantbiodiversity,suchasendangeredspeciesandecosystemsandrarespeciesandecosystems.Thecampaignalsorecognizestheimportanceof(49)______localrights.Localpeoplesmanageorholdtenure(保有權(quán))overlandsthatsupportabout80percentoftheworld'sbiodiversity,makingit(50)______forthesemunitiestobefullpartnersindevelopingandimplementingstrategies.(51)______,protectingthehealthofkeybiodiversityareasisvitalfortacklingclimatechange,saysNationalGeographicExplorer-in-ResidenceDr.EnricSala.PairingtheinternationalParisAgreementtobatclimatechange,Sala'spaperasserts,“would(52)______catastrophic(災難性的)climatechange,conservespecies,andsecureessentialecosystemservices.”“Biodiversityisstability,”saysSala.“Trees,wetlands,grasslands,peatbogs(泥炭沼澤),saltmarshes(鹽沼),healthyoceanecosystems,mangroves(紅樹林),andplants(53)______muchofthecarbonpollutionhumansputintotheatmosphere.Yet,rightnow,lessthanhalfoftheplanetisinitsnaturalstate,whichisn'tenough.”Bottomline:Natureneedsustoactnow.“MovingtoMarsisnota(n)(54)______,”Salaadds.“TheonlyconditionsforourlifeandfortheprosperityofhumansocietyarehereonEarth...weare(55)______protectingit.”41.A.argumentB.termC.structureD.problem42.A.alteringB.developingC.stabilizingD.worsening43.A.ecosystemB.threatC.cycleD.procedure44.A.affectB.changeC.reverseD.continue45.A.aspectsB.causesC.consequencesD.occasions46.A.acquiringB.protectingC.exploitingD.possessing47.A.managementB.announcementC.campaignD.petition48.A.consumeB.destroyC.loseD.contain49.A.denyingB.enjoyingC.ignoringD.respecting50.A.essentialB.simpleC.temporaryD.profitable51.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThusD.Otherwise52.A.witnessB.detectC.confirmD.avoid53.A.measureB.absorbC.surviveD.prevent54.A.missionB.decisionC.optionD.exploration55.A.worriedaboutB.confidentinC.responsibleforD.goodatSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ThepersonwhosetthecourseofmylifewasaschoolteachernamedMarjorieHurd.WhenIsteppedoffshipinNewYorkHarborin1949.Iwasanineyearoldwarrefugee.whohadlosthismotherandwasingtolivewiththefatherhedidnotknow.Mymother,EleniGatzoyiannis,hadbeenimprisonedandshotforsendingmysistersandmetofreedom.IwasthirteenyearsoldwhenIenteredChandlerJuniorHigh.ShortlyafterIarrived,Iwastoldtoselectahobbytopursueduring“clubhours.”Theideaofhobbiesandclubsmadenosensetomyimmigrantears,butIdecidedtofollowtheprettiestgirlinmyclass.SheledmeintothepresenceofMissHurd,theschoolnewspaperadviserandEnglishteacher.Atoughwomanwithsaltandpepperhairanddeterminedeyes,MissHurdhadnopatiencewithlazybones.Shedrilledusingrammar,assignedstoriesforustoreadanddiscuss,andeventuallytaughtushowtoputoutanewspaperHerintroductiontotheliterarywealthofGreecegavemeanewperspectiveonmywartornhomeland,makingmeproudofmyorigins.HereffortsinspiredmetounderstandthelogicandstructureoftheEnglishlanguage.Owingtoherinspiration,duringmynexttwentyfiveyears,Ibecameajournalistbyprofession.MissHurdretiredattheageof62.Bythen,shehadtaughtforatotalof41years.Evenafterherretirement,shecontinuallymadeaprojectofunwillingstudentsinwhomshespiedasparkofpotential.Thestudentsweremainlyfromthemosttroubledhomes,yetshealternatelybulliedandcharmedthemwithherownspecialbrandoftoughlove,untilthesparkcaughtfire.MissHurdwastheonewhodirectedmygriefandpainintowriting.ButforMissHurd,Iwouldn’thavebeeareporter.Shewasthecatalystthatsentmeintojournalismandindirectlycausedallthegoodthingsthatcameafter.56.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraphTwomostprobablymean?A.Hobbiesandclubsdidnotinteresttheauthor.B.Theauthorturnedadeafeartojoiningclubs.C.Hobbiesandclubswereinaccessibletoimmigrantsliketheauthor.D.Theauthorhadnoideawhathobbiesandclubswereallabout.57.Whichofthefollowingcausedtheauthortothinkofhishomelanddifferently?A.SteppingontheAmericansoilforthefirsttime.B.Hermother’smiserabledeath.C.BeingexposedtoGreekliteraryworks.D.Followingtheprettiestgirlinhisclass.58.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphFourthat_____________.A.MissHurd’scontributionwasrecognizedacrossthenationB.StudentsfromtroubledhomespreferredMissHurd’steachingstyleC.ThestudentsMissHurdtaughtwereallfinallyfiredD.MissHurdemployedauniquewaytohandlethesestudents59.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith_____________.A.howtheauthorbecameajournalistB.theimportanceofinspirationinone’slifeC.theteacherwhoshapedtheauthor’slifeD.factorscontributingtoasuccessfulcareer(B)HOWTOGETTHEREBAandRoyalJordanianairlinesflydirectbetweenLondonHeathrowandJordan’scapitalcityAmman(from￡435;rj.).Flighttimeisfivehours.HOWTOGETAROUNDJordanisajoyfullyeasycountrytotravelaround,inpartduetoitssmallsize.Youcoulddrivefromtoptobottominlittleoverfivehoursifyouwantedto.Thenationalbuspanyhasservicesbetweenthemaintowns,andlimitedoptionstoPetraandtheDeadSea.Forfullflexibility,you'rebetteroffhiringacarroadsareingoodcondition,andotherdriverstendtobelessmanic(notstanduptofreeuseofthecarhorn)paredtoothercountriesintheMiddleEast.ThetrafficinAmmanmakesitfrustrating,andnervewracking,tonavigate,sopickupanddropoffyourcarattheairport,alittleoutsideofthecity.Theusualsuspectshaveofficesthere(week’shirefrom￡235;hertz.jo).HOWLONGTOSPENDGiventheshorttraveltimesbetweenmajorsites,youcouldfeasiblywhiparoundJordaninlittleunderaweek,spendinganightineachlocation.However,it’simportanttofactorintheweather:yourpacewillslowinhightemperatures,andyou’llfindmanyJordanianssensiblyspendingthehottestpartofthedayindoors,indulginginalonglunch.You’llalsowanttodevoteaproperamountoftimetoeachlocation:twoorthreenightsineachofPetraandWadiRumwillallowyoutogettoafewlessexploredcorners,whiletwonightsinAmmanandoneeachattheDeadSeaandhotspringsisaboutright.IfyouaddinasidetripforsomedivingintheRedSea,twoweeksisplenty.WHATTOBUDGETStayinginbudgetguesthouses,eatingonlyfrommarketsandstreetstalls,andusingpublictransport,youcouldsurviveinJordanonaround￡40perday.Factorinamidrangehotel,carhire,guidedtoursandmealsinlocalrestaurants,andthefigurecouldriseto￡100plusaday.Thenationalcurrencyisthedinar（第納爾）,andisavailablefromATMsatallthemainsites.WHENTOGOHighseasonisSeptembertoOctoberandMarchtoMay,whentheweatheriswarmbutbearable.Notethatpricehikesaremoninthisperiod,andhotelsgetbookedfarinadvance.Oneofthemostpleasanttimestovisitiswinter,fromNovembertoFebruary,thoughbeawarethedesertgetsverycoldatnightduringthisperiod.Ifyoucantaketheextremetemperaturesofsummer,itcanbeanexcellenttimetotravel,withfewertouristsaround.HOWTOPLANSeeLonelyPlanet’sJordanandtheJordantouristboard’sofficialsite,visitjordan,whichhasawealthofinformationongeneraltravelintheregionandspecificsites.60.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrueabouttravellinginJordanaccordingtothepassage?A.DriversinJordanusecarhornmorefreelythanthoseinothercountries.B.It'sbettertodriveyourowncarsincethetrafficinAmmanisfrustrating.C.Weathershouldbetakenintoconsiderationwhenyouarrangeholiday.D.DivinginRedSeaisamustifyouplantotravelinJordanforoneweek.61.WhichfactorisNOTrelatedwiththebudgetaccordingtothepassage?A.Tochoosewhatkindhotels.B.Toeatwhatkindoffood.C.Whethertousecashornot.D.WhentotravelinJordan.62.Theword“hikes”inparagraph5canbebestreplacedbytheword“”.A.declines B.rises C.varies D.collapses（C）Firsttwohours,nowthreehoursthisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesareremendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetimeconsumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentionmakingpeopleangry.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweaponsbothfakeandrealpastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,binedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO'HareInternational.ItisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbeebutthelinesareobviousPartoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravelsotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarryonbagstoavoidcheckedbaggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawinwinfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckarequalifiestouseexpedited(加速的)screeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpays85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.63.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto.A.stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwideB.highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airportsC.explainAmerican'stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecksD.emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection64.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?A.Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.B.Newrestrictionsoncarryonbags.C.ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.D.Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.65.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis.A.adramaticreductionofitsscaleB.itswronglydirectedimplementationC.govemment’sreluctancetobackitD.anunreasonablepriceforenrollment66.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.LessScreeningforMoreSafetyB.PreCheckaBelatedSolutionC.GettingStuckinSecurityLineD.UnderusedPreCheckLanesSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Westopchallengingcustom.A.Westopchallengingcustom.B.That’sgood,becauseit’salwaysthepeoplewithnotimewhogetthingsdone.C.Eithercuriosityordiscontentmakeshumanbeingmoveforward.D.Thesedeephumanurgescountformuchmorethanambition.AB.Wewillprobablyhavetoforceourselvestowakenourcuriosityanddiscontentandkeepthemawake.AC.Discontentmadethegreatnamesunsatisfied.Afteryearsofobservinghumannature,Ihavedecidedthattwoqualitiesmakethedifferencebetweenmenofgreatachievementandmenofaverageperformance:curiosityanddiscontent.Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.AndIhaveneverknownanaveragemanwhohadboth.Thetwobelongtogether.(67)GalileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.LikeGalileo,allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent,“Why?Why?Why?”Fortunately,curiosityanddiscontentdon’thavetobelearned.Wearebornwiththemandneedonlyrecapturethem.“Thegreatman,”saidMencius(孟子),“ishewhodoesnotlosehischild’sheart.“Yetmostofusdoloseit.Westopaskingquestions.(68)Wejustfollowthecrowd.Andthecrowddesiresonlythecalmandrestfulaverage.Itencouragesustooccupyourownlittlecorner,toavoidfoolishleapsintothedark,tobesatisfied.Mostofusmeetnewpeople,andnewideas,withhesitation.Butoncehavingmetandlikedthem,wethinkhowterribleitwouldhavebeen,hadwemissedthechance.(69)Howshouldyoustart?Modestly,soasnottobeediscouraged.Ithinkofonefriendwhocouldn’tarrangeflowerstosatisfyherself.Shewascuriousabouthowtheexpertsdidit.Nowsheisoneoftheexperts,writingbooksonflowerarrangement.Onewaytobeginistoansweryourownexcuses.Youhaven’tanyspecialability?Mostpeopledon’t;thereareonlyafewgeniuses.Youhaven’tanytime?(70)HarrietStowe,motherofsix,wrotepartsofUncleTom’sCabinwhilecooking.You’retooold?RememberThomasCostainwas57whenhepublishedhisfirstnovel,andthatGrandmaMosesshowedherfirstpictureswhenshewas78.Howeveryoustart,rememberthereisnobettertimetostartthanrightnow,foryou'llneverbemorealivethanyouareatthismoment.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Vacationsareachancetotakebreakfromwork,seetheworldandenjoytimewithfamily.Butdotheymakeyouhappier?ResearchersfromtheNetherlandssetouttomeasuretheeffectthatvacationshaveonoverallhappinessandhowlongitlasts.Theystudiedhappinesslevelsamong1,530Dutchadults,974ofwhomtookavacationduringthe32weekstudyperiod.Thestudyshowedthatthelargestliftinhappinessesfromthesimpleactofplanningvacation.Inthestudy,theeffectofvacationexpectationliftedhappinessforeightweeks.Afterthevacation,happinessquicklydroppedbacktobaselinelevelsformostpeople.Howmuchstressorrelaxationatravelerexperiencedonthetripappearedtoinfluencepostvacationhappiness.Therewasnoposttriphappinessbenefitfortravelerswhosaidthevacationwas“neutral”or“stressful.”Surprisingly,eventhosetravelerswhodescribedthetripas“relaxing”showednoadditionaljumpinhappinessafterthetrip.“Theywerenohappierthanpeoplewhohadnotbeenonholiday,”saidtheleadauthor,JeroenNawijn,tourismresearchlectureratBredaUniversity.Theonlyvacationerswhoexperiencedan