UNIT3SectionIII

◎夯基提能作業(yè)④

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一、語言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

I.單詞拼寫

1.Heeasilydefeatedhisopponent（對手）intheelection.

2.Moderntechnologyisgoodenoughtoexploit（開發(fā)）allthesearesources.

3.Chinasentuptwomanned（W人控制的）spaceshipsandtheywerealsogreat

scientificachievementsintheworld.

4.Thesubmersible（潛水器）hastomeetevenhigherstandards：itmustkeep

itsoccupantsalive.

5.Howlongcanyouholdyourbreathunderwater（在水下）？

6.Oilpollutioncoulddamagethefragileecologyofthecoral（珊瑚的）

reefs.

7.Thisdirectory（目錄）includesmosttrainingprovidersandcollegesinthe

country.

8.Thepolicesuspectedtheremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders（兇殺）?

9.Sheisakind-heartedwomanandoftenhasmercy（憐憫）onpeoplewhoare

introuble.

10.Peoplelosttheirhomesandalltheirpossessions（個人財產(chǎn)）becauseof

war.

II.單句語法填空

1.Hisspeechwasfrequentlyinterruptedbystormyapplause（applaud）.

2.Thisiswhyheapprovesofthedevelopmentofmanned（man）spaceflight.

3.Therehasbeenamigration（migrate）ofpeoplefromthecountrytothe

towns.

4.Thepolicearesearchingforthemurderer（murder）everywhere.

5.Themerciful（mercy）kingsavedtheyoungofficersfromdeath.

6.Theyloadedthecarwiththeirpossessions（possess）.

7.Hewasarrested（arrest）bypolicemenfortheft.

8.Detailsofthecrimearelogged（log）inthecomputer,andyoucangetit

atanytime.

9.Thesenewordersforourmanufactureswillmeanworking（work）overtime.

10.Theytalkedofthepersonsandthingsthatweallknew.

III.完成句子

1.Hehadnomercysowehadtoleavefast.

他一點也不善良，所以我們不得不快點離開。

2.Thefamoustennisplayerispossessedofgreatperseverance.

這位著名的網(wǎng)球運動員有毅力。

3.Anunusualnoisearrestedhisattention.

一陣不尋常的嘈雜聲吸引了他的注意。

4.TheWestLakeissobeautifulthatitattractsmillionsofvisitorsevery

year.

西湖是如此的美麗，它每年吸引數(shù)以百萬計的游客。

5.ItoccurredtomeallofasuddenthatIhadforgottenherbirthday.

我突然想起來我把她的生日忘了。

二、培優(yōu)提升訓(xùn)練

I.閱讀理解

（2023?遼寧省沈陽市二模）

SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconducta

comprehensivesurveyofEarth，svitalresource.Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradar

technologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandrivers

inhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It'sreallythefirsttimetoobserve

nearlyallwaterontheplanet'ssurface.

Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceansadjustclimatechangebyabsorbing

atmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanaturalprocess.Oceansareestimatedto

haveabsorbedmorethan90%oftheextraheattrappedintheEarth，satmosphereby

human-causedgreenhousegases.Swotwillscantheseasandpreciselymeasurefine

differencesinsurfaceelevations（高度）aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies（漩渦），

wheremuchoftheoceans'decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur."Studying

themechanismwillhelpclimatescientistsanswerakeyquestion:Whatistheturning

pointatwhichoceansstartreleasing,ratherthanabsorbing,hugeamountsofheat

backintotheatmosphereandspeedupglobalwarming,ratherthanlimitingit,“

saidNadyaShiffer,Swot'sprogramscientist.

Bycomparison,earlierstudiesofwaterbodiesreliedondataofriversoroceans

takenatspecificpoints,orfromsatellitesthatcanonlytrackmeasurementsalong

aone-dimensionalline,requiringscientiststofillindatagapsthrough

extrapolation（夕卜推法）.Thankstotheradarinstrument,Swotcanscanthroughcloud

coveranddarknessoverwiderangesoftheEarth.Thisenablesscientiststo

accuratelymaptheirobservationsintwodimensionsregardlessofweatherortime

ofdayandtocoverlargegeographicareasfarmorequicklythanwaspreviously

possible.

“Ratherthangivingusalineofelevations,it'sgivingusamapofelevations,

andthat'sjustatotalgamechanger,“saidTamlinPavelsky,Swotfreshwaterscience

leader.

語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了計劃于周四上午發(fā)射的Swot衛(wèi)星，

通過使用先進的微波雷達技術(shù)，將收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面測

量數(shù)據(jù)。這是第一次觀察到地球表面幾乎所有的水。

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“vitalresource“inthefirstparagraph

referto?D

A.Technology.B.Climate.

C.Oceans.D.Water.

解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文"It'sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyall

waterontheplanet5ssurface.（這真的是第一次觀察到地球表面幾乎所有的水。）”可知，

“vitalresource"指的是"water（水）”。故選D。

2.WhatisthemajormissionofSwotsatellite?C

A.Toidentifywhenglobalwarmingisworsened.

B.ToexplorewhereoceansabsorbheatandCO2.

C.Tostudyhowoceansinfluenceclimatechange.

D.Toexplainwhygreenhousegascomesintobeing.

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceansadjust

climatechangebyabsorbingatmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanatural

process.（其主要任務(wù)是探索海洋如何通過自然過程吸收大氣熱量和二氧化碳來調(diào)節(jié)氣候變

化。）”可知，Swot衛(wèi)星的主要任務(wù)是研究海洋如何影響氣候變化。故選C。

3.WhatmakesitpossibleforSwottomeasureprecisely?B

A.Thehigh-definitioncomputer.

B.Advancedradartechnology.

C.Thethree-dimensionalimage.

D.Anaccuratemapofelevations.

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中第二、三句（多虧了雷達儀器，Swot可以在地球

的大范圍內(nèi)掃描云層和黑暗。這使得科學(xué)家能夠精確地繪制二維地圖，無論天氣如何，無論

何時，覆蓋大面積地理區(qū)域的速度比以前快得多。）可知，先進的雷達技術(shù)使得Swot能夠精

確測量。故選B。

4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?D

A.ASolutiontoClimateChange

B.ABreakthroughinSpaceTravel

C.SuccessfulLaunchofSwotSatellite

D.FirstGlobalWaterSurveyfromSpace

解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。本文是一篇新聞報道，第一段是文章的主旨段。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可

知D項(第一次對全球的水進行調(diào)查)適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D?

n.語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

(2023?浙江省臺州市高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量評估)

Withahistoryofmorethan2,000years,theSilkRoutedatesbacktoHan

Dynasty.Throughthisroute,theChinesehighly1.qualified(qualify)silkmade

itsfametothewesterncountries.Themerchantsindifferentregions2.sought

(seek)theopportunityoftradingChinesesilk3.wheretheyindeedmadetheir

fortunealongthisroute.Thatroutefunctioned4.asthelifebloodof

internationaltradeatthattime.Meanwhile,theChinesecivilization5.was

introduced(introduce)totheWesterncountriesandviceversa.TheSilkRoutewas

consideredasanewchapter6.recording(record)thefriendshipbetweenthe

EuropeanandAsianpeoples.

Throughoutalltheseyears,manygreatfigureshavemadesignificant

contributionstothedevelopmentoftheSilkRoute.Today,theSilkRoutehasa

7.poetic(poet)namecalledOneBeltOneRoad,aimingtohelpthoseconnected

regionsincultureandeconomyexchangewithamoreadvancedroad.Themaincities

alongsideitarebecoming8.larger(large)andmoreimportantinhelpingtrade

andcultureexchange.Manycountrieshavegainedgreat9.benefits(benefit)

alongthetradingprocess.Allinall,theancientSilkRoadismorelike10.a

historicaltextbookforeveryonetoreadandtoknowaboutwhathappenedduringthat

ancienttime.Ithasbeenplayingasignificantroleinthedevelopmentofthe

civilizationsofChina.

語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國絲綢之路的起源，發(fā)展及意義。

解析：

1.考查形容詞。句意：通過這條路線，中國優(yōu)質(zhì)絲綢在西方國家享有盛名。此處應(yīng)用

形容詞作定語，修飾名詞silk,highlyqualified意為“高質(zhì)量的"。故填qualified。

2.考查時態(tài)。句意：不同地區(qū)的商人尋求貿(mào)易中國絲綢的機會，他們確實在這條路線

上發(fā)了財。此處在句中作謂語，句子描述過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填sought。

3.考查定語從句。句意同上。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是抽象地點名詞

opportunity,且從句中缺少地點狀語。故填where。

4.考查固定搭配。句意：那條路線是當(dāng)時國際貿(mào)易的命脈。functionas意為"起...

的作用”。故填as。

5.考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：與此同時，中華文明被引進西方國家，反之亦

然。此處在句中作謂語，描述過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時，且主語theChinese

civilization和動詞introduce是被動關(guān)系。故填wasintroducedo

6.考查非謂語動詞。句意：絲綢之路被認為是記錄歐亞人民友誼的新篇章。句中有謂

語，且前后無連詞，此處record應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾chapter,兩者構(gòu)成主

動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填recording。

7.考查形容詞。句意：今天，絲綢之路有一個富有詩意的名字一一帶一路，旨在幫助

那些在文化和經(jīng)濟交流方面相連的地區(qū)走上一條更加先進的道路。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語，

修飾名詞name,poetic意為“詩意的”。故填poetic。

8.考查形容詞比較級。句意：在促進貿(mào)易和文化交流方面，毗鄰的主要城市正在變得

越來越大，越來越重要。由句意和moreimportant可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級作表語。

故填largero

9.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：許多國家在貿(mào)易過程中獲益匪淺。此處應(yīng)用名詞benefit作

賓語，為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指。故填benefits。

10.考查冠詞。句意：總而言之，古代絲綢之路更像是一本歷史教科書，人人都可以

閱讀并了解那個古代發(fā)生了什么。此處表示“一本歷史教科書”，表示泛指。故填a。

III.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

（2023?東北育才學(xué)校高二月考）

“Nevergiveup!Nevergiveup!”chanted（吟唱）mytwoyoungchildren,Maxand

Lily,astheymarchedbarefootbehindtheirgrandmotherMimi.MymomMimiwasleading

MaxandLilyonanotheradventure,straightoffthebeachwherethey，dspentthe

daybuildingsandcastlesandplayinginthewaves.Thistime,theywereseekingan

ice-creamtruck.

Overtheyears,Mimihadbecomeourfamily'stowerofpositivity.Itwasn，ta

titlesheearnedwithouteffort,however.Havingbeenasinglemotheratonlyforty

yearsoldandlefttoraisemeandmyten-year-oldbrotheralone,shefacedcountless

challenges.Shehadbeentheonewhohadtomakethedecisiontoremoveourdadfrom

lifesupportfourteendaysafterhewasinacaraccident.

Mymomcouldhavelivedunderablackcloud.Instead,shechallengedherselfto

findjoyeveryday.Shewasalwaysupforanewchallenge,whetherthatwashiking

acrossthehighmountaintopinAustriatogetabetterviewofthebreathtakingbeauty

orsigningupfortap-dancingclassesatfifty.Leadingbyexample,Momtaughtus

justhowmuchonecouldaccomplishwithapositiveattitude.

Shehastakenthesameapproachinherrelationshipwithher

grandchildren.BeforestartingheradventurewithMaxandLilyonthathotJuly

afternoon,Mimiheardthefamiliarclang（叮當(dāng)聲）oftheice-creamman'sbellfrom

herbeachchair.Sheturnedandsawhimbriefly,spottinghisshininggreenshirt

andcatchingthegleam（閃光）ofhiswavingbellbeforeheturnedand

disappeared.Happily,theice-creamman5svisitwasadailyoccurrenceonthebeach,

althoughthetimebetweenthesoundofhisbellandthedepartureofhistruckwasn，t

long.Onemustbequicktocatchhim.

MaxandLilyweredisappointedwhentheydidn，tcatchhimintimethatday.Mimi

smiledandsaid,“Nevergiveup!”Sheexplainedthatthetruckmightbegone,

buttheycouldhurryofftofinditatitsnextstop.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式作答。

Paragraph1：

Theywalkedblockafterblock._

Paragraph2：

Anothertwoblockslater,theyfinallyfoundtheice-creamtruck\

參考范文：

Paragraph1：

Theywalkedblockafterblock.Notknowingwhichdirectionthetruckhadtaken,

theyhadtomaketheirbestguessaboutwhere