中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維成本研究兼論中國糧食安全新保障模式一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle《中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維成本研究兼論中國糧食安全新保障模式》一文，旨在全面而深入地探討中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維度成本，并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出新的糧食安全保障模式。文章首先概述了糧食生產(chǎn)的重要性以及中國糧食生產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)狀，指出了當(dāng)前糧食生產(chǎn)面臨的多重挑戰(zhàn)，包括生產(chǎn)成本上升、資源環(huán)境壓力增大、市場波動等。隨后，文章詳細(xì)分析了糧食生產(chǎn)的直接成本、間接成本以及環(huán)境成本，揭示了糧食生產(chǎn)的全面成本構(gòu)成及其變化趨勢。在此基礎(chǔ)上，文章進(jìn)一步探討了中國糧食安全的新保障模式，提出了包括科技創(chuàng)新、政策扶持、市場機(jī)制優(yōu)化等在內(nèi)的綜合性策略，以期實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和糧食安全的長遠(yuǎn)保障。文章的研究對于深化糧食生產(chǎn)成本管理、優(yōu)化糧食安全保障體系具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。Thearticle"ResearchonMultidimensionalCostsofChina'sGrainProductionandDiscussionontheNewModelofChina'sGrainSecurity"aimstocomprehensivelyanddeeplyexplorethemultidimensionalcostsofChina'sgrainproductionandproposeanewmodelofgrainsecuritybasedonthis.ThearticlefirstoutlinestheimportanceofgrainproductionandthecurrentsituationofgrainproductioninChina,pointingoutthemultiplechallengesfacinggrainproduction,includingrisingproductioncosts,increasingresourceandenvironmentalpressures,andmarketfluctuations.Subsequently,thearticleanalyzedindetailthedirect,indirect,andenvironmentalcostsofgrainproduction,revealingthecomprehensivecostcompositionanditschangingtrendsofgrainproduction.Onthisbasis,thearticlefurtherexploresthenewmodeofensuringfoodsecurityinChina,proposingcomprehensivestrategiesincludingtechnologicalinnovation,policysupport,andmarketmechanismoptimization,inordertoachievesustainabledevelopmentoffoodproductionandlong-termguaranteeoffoodsecurity.Theresearchinthisarticlehasimportanttheoreticalandpracticalsignificancefordeepeningthemanagementofgrainproductioncostsandoptimizingthefoodsecurityguaranteesystem.二、中國糧食生產(chǎn)多維成本分析MultidimensionalcostanalysisofgrainproductioninChina中國作為世界上人口最多的國家，糧食生產(chǎn)一直是國家安全和社會穩(wěn)定的重要基石。然而，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會的進(jìn)步，糧食生產(chǎn)的成本也在不斷發(fā)生變化。這種變化不僅體現(xiàn)在物質(zhì)成本的增加，還體現(xiàn)在環(huán)境成本、社會成本等多個維度。因此，對中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維成本進(jìn)行深入分析，是構(gòu)建新的糧食安全保障模式的關(guān)鍵。Asthemostpopulouscountryintheworld,China'sfoodproductionhasalwaysbeenanimportantcornerstoneofnationalsecurityandsocialstability.However,withthedevelopmentoftheeconomyandsocialprogress,thecostoffoodproductionisalsoconstantlychanging.Thischangeisnotonlyreflectedintheincreaseofmaterialcosts,butalsoinmultipledimensionssuchasenvironmentalcostsandsocialcosts.Therefore,in-depthanalysisofthemultidimensionalcostsofChina'sgrainproductioniscrucialforbuildinganewmodeloffoodsecurity.從物質(zhì)成本來看，中國糧食生產(chǎn)的成本主要包括種子、肥料、農(nóng)藥、農(nóng)機(jī)具等生產(chǎn)資料和勞動力成本。隨著農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步和勞動力市場的變化，這些成本都在不斷上升。例如，高品質(zhì)的種子、高效的肥料和農(nóng)藥以及現(xiàn)代化的農(nóng)機(jī)具都需要大量的資金投入。同時(shí)，隨著農(nóng)村勞動力的減少和老齡化，勞動力成本也在不斷增加。Fromtheperspectiveofmaterialcosts,thecostofgrainproductioninChinamainlyincludesproductionmaterialssuchasseeds,fertilizers,pesticides,agriculturalmachinery,andlaborcosts.Withthecontinuousprogressofagriculturaltechnologyandchangesinthelabormarket,thesecostsareconstantlyrising.Forexample,high-qualityseeds,efficientfertilizersandpesticides,andmodernagriculturalmachineryallrequiresignificantinvestment.Meanwhile,withthedecreaseandagingofrurallaborforce,laborcostsarealsoconstantlyincreasing.環(huán)境成本是近年來越來越受到關(guān)注的一個方面。糧食生產(chǎn)對環(huán)境的影響主要表現(xiàn)在土地退化、水資源消耗、生物多樣性減少等方面。這些環(huán)境問題不僅影響糧食生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)性，還可能對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成長期損害。因此，將環(huán)境成本納入糧食生產(chǎn)成本的考量，是實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色、可持續(xù)糧食生產(chǎn)的重要步驟。Environmentalcosthasbeenanincreasinglyimportantaspectinrecentyears.Theimpactoffoodproductionontheenvironmentismainlymanifestedinlanddegradation,waterresourceconsumption,andreducedbiodiversity.Theseenvironmentalissuesnotonlyaffectthesustainabilityoffoodproduction,butmayalsocauselong-termdamagetotheecologicalenvironment.Therefore,incorporatingenvironmentalcostsintotheconsiderationoffoodproductioncostsisanimportantsteptowardsachievinggreenandsustainablefoodproduction.社會成本也是糧食生產(chǎn)多維成本中不可忽視的一部分。這包括農(nóng)民的社會保障、農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、糧食流通體系的完善等。這些社會成本對于保障農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性、提高糧食生產(chǎn)效率和保障糧食安全都具有重要意義。Socialcostsarealsoanindispensablepartofthemultidimensionalcostsofgrainproduction.Thisincludessocialsecurityforfarmers,ruralinfrastructureconstruction,andtheimprovementofthegraincirculationsystem.Thesesocialcostsareofgreatsignificanceforensuringtheproductionenthusiasmoffarmers,improvingfoodproductionefficiency,andensuringfoodsecurity.中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維成本不僅包括物質(zhì)成本，還包括環(huán)境成本和社會成本。在未來的糧食安全保障模式中，我們需要綜合考慮這些成本因素，推動糧食生產(chǎn)的綠色化、智能化和社會化，以實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和國家的糧食安全。ThemultidimensionalcostsofgrainproductioninChinaincludenotonlymaterialcosts,butalsoenvironmentalandsocialcosts.Inthefuturefoodsecurityguaranteemodel,weneedtocomprehensivelyconsiderthesecostfactors,promotethegreening,intelligence,andsocializationoffoodproduction,inordertoachievesustainabledevelopmentoffoodproductionandnationalfoodsecurity.三、中國糧食安全新保障模式探討ExplorationoftheNewModelforEnsuringFoodSecurityinChina面對全球糧食市場的復(fù)雜多變以及國內(nèi)糧食生產(chǎn)成本的持續(xù)上升，中國必須重新審視并創(chuàng)新其糧食安全保障模式。傳統(tǒng)的糧食安全保障模式主要依賴于提高糧食產(chǎn)量和自給率，但在資源環(huán)境壓力日益增大的背景下，這種模式已難以為繼。因此，我們需要構(gòu)建一個更加多元化、可持續(xù)的新保障模式，確保國家糧食安全的長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。Facedwiththecomplexandever-changingglobalfoodmarketandthecontinuousincreaseindomesticfoodproductioncosts,Chinamustre-examineandinnovateitsfoodsecurityguaranteemodel.Thetraditionalfoodsecuritymodelmainlyreliesonincreasingfoodproductionandself-sufficiency,butinthecontextofincreasingresourceandenvironmentalpressures,thismodelisnolongersustainable.Therefore,weneedtobuildamorediversifiedandsustainablenewsecuritymodeltoensurethelong-termstabledevelopmentofnationalfoodsecurity.新保障模式應(yīng)強(qiáng)化科技創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新雙輪驅(qū)動。科技創(chuàng)新是推動糧食生產(chǎn)降本增效的關(guān)鍵，通過培育高產(chǎn)、優(yōu)質(zhì)、多抗的糧食新品種，發(fā)展智慧農(nóng)業(yè)、綠色農(nóng)業(yè)，可以提高糧食生產(chǎn)效率和品質(zhì)，降低生產(chǎn)成本。同時(shí)，制度創(chuàng)新也是必不可少的，包括完善糧食價(jià)格形成機(jī)制、優(yōu)化糧食補(bǔ)貼政策、加強(qiáng)糧食儲備和調(diào)控能力等，以穩(wěn)定市場預(yù)期，激發(fā)農(nóng)民種糧積極性。Thenewguaranteemodelshouldstrengthenthedualdriveoftechnologicalinnovationandinstitutionalinnovation.Technologicalinnovationisthekeytopromotingcostreductionandefficiencyincreaseingrainproduction.Bycultivatinghigh-yield,high-quality,andmultiresistantnewgrainvarieties,developingsmartandgreenagriculture,wecanimprovegrainproductionefficiencyandquality,andreduceproductioncosts.Atthesametime,institutionalinnovationisalsoessential,includingimprovingthemechanismforforminggrainprices,optimizinggrainsubsidypolicies,strengtheninggrainreservesandregulatorycapabilities,etc.,tostabilizemarketexpectationsandstimulatefarmers'enthusiasmforgraincultivation.新保障模式應(yīng)推動糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、價(jià)值鏈的深度融合。通過發(fā)展糧食深加工、精加工，提高糧食附加值，延伸糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，可以增加農(nóng)民收入，同時(shí)也能提高糧食安全保障的整體效益。還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)與其他產(chǎn)業(yè)的融合發(fā)展，如農(nóng)業(yè)與旅游、文化、教育等產(chǎn)業(yè)的融合，推動農(nóng)業(yè)多功能拓展，為糧食安全提供更廣闊的空間。Thenewsecuritymodelshouldpromotethedeepintegrationofthefoodindustrychainandvaluechain.Bydevelopingdeepprocessingandprecisionprocessingofgrain,increasingtheaddedvalueofgrain,andextendingthegrainindustrychain,farmers'incomecanbeincreased,whilealsoimprovingtheoverallbenefitsoffoodsecurity.Weshouldalsostrengthentheintegrationanddevelopmentofthegrainindustrywithotherindustries,suchasagricultureandtourism,culture,education,etc.,promotethemultifunctionalexpansionofagriculture,andprovidebroaderspaceforfoodsecurity.新保障模式應(yīng)注重糧食生產(chǎn)的區(qū)域布局優(yōu)化。根據(jù)各地的自然資源條件、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平和社會需求等因素，合理規(guī)劃糧食生產(chǎn)布局，優(yōu)化糧食生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食生產(chǎn)的區(qū)域化、專業(yè)化、規(guī)?；＿@不僅可以提高糧食生產(chǎn)效率，還可以降低生產(chǎn)成本，增強(qiáng)糧食安全保障能力。Thenewsecuritymodelshouldfocusonoptimizingtheregionallayoutofgrainproduction.Basedonfactorssuchasnaturalresourceconditions,economicdevelopmentlevel,andsocialdemandinvariousregions,wewillplanthelayoutofgrainproductionreasonably,optimizethestructureofgrainproduction,andachieveregionalization,specialization,andscaleofgrainproduction.Thiscannotonlyimprovetheefficiencyofgrainproduction,butalsoreduceproductioncostsandenhancetheabilitytoensurefoodsecurity.新保障模式還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)國際合作與交流。通過參與全球糧食貿(mào)易、加強(qiáng)糧食科技合作、推廣中國糧食生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)等方式，可以引進(jìn)國外先進(jìn)的糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提高國內(nèi)糧食生產(chǎn)水平。也可以借助國際市場的力量，平衡國內(nèi)糧食供需矛盾，提高糧食安全保障的靈活性。Thenewsafeguardmodelshouldalsostrengtheninternationalcooperationandexchanges.Byparticipatinginglobalgraintrade,strengtheninggraintechnologycooperation,andpromotingChina'sgrainproductionexperience,advancedforeigngrainproductiontechnologyandmanagementexperiencecanbeintroducedtoimprovethedomesticgrainproductionlevel.Wecanalsoleveragethepoweroftheinternationalmarkettobalancethecontradictionbetweendomesticfoodsupplyanddemandandimprovetheflexibilityoffoodsecurity.中國糧食安全新保障模式應(yīng)以科技創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新為動力，推動糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、價(jià)值鏈的深度融合，優(yōu)化糧食生產(chǎn)區(qū)域布局，加強(qiáng)國際合作與交流，構(gòu)建一個多元化、可持續(xù)的糧食安全保障體系。這將有助于中國更好地應(yīng)對全球糧食市場的挑戰(zhàn)，確保國家糧食安全的長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。ThenewmodeloffoodsecurityinChinashouldbedrivenbytechnologicalandinstitutionalinnovation,promotethedeepintegrationofthefoodindustrychainandvaluechain,optimizetheregionallayoutoffoodproduction,strengtheninternationalcooperationandexchanges,andbuildadiversifiedandsustainablefoodsecurityguaranteesystem.ThiswillhelpChinabetterrespondtothechallengesoftheglobalfoodmarketandensurethelong-termstabledevelopmentofnationalfoodsecurity.四、案例研究Casestudy為了更深入地理解中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維成本及其對糧食安全的影響，我們選取了兩個典型的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)區(qū)域——華北平原和長江中下游平原進(jìn)行案例研究。這兩個地區(qū)分別代表了中國的糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)和糧食增產(chǎn)潛力區(qū)，因此它們的糧食生產(chǎn)成本和模式具有廣泛的代表性和研究價(jià)值。InordertobetterunderstandthemultidimensionalcostsofChina'sfoodproductionanditsimpactonfoodsecurity,weselectedtwotypicalagriculturalproductionregions-NorthChinaPlainandtheMiddleandLowerYangtzeValleyPlainforcasestudies.ThesetworegionsrepresentChina'smaingrainproducingareasandpotentialareasforincreasinggrainproduction,thereforetheirgrainproductioncostsandmodelshavebroadrepresentativenessandresearchvalue.華北平原是中國的主要糧食生產(chǎn)區(qū)之一，主要種植小麥、玉米和棉花等農(nóng)作物。然而，近年來，由于水資源短缺、土地退化、勞動力成本上升等多重因素的影響，華北平原的糧食生產(chǎn)成本不斷上升。為了應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民采取了一系列措施，如推廣節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù)、采用新型農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械、發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)等，以降低生產(chǎn)成本并提高糧食產(chǎn)量。TheNorthChinaPlainisoneofthemajorgrainproductionareasinChina,mainlyplantingwheat,corn,cottonandothercrops.However,inrecentyears,duetotheimpactofmultiplefactorssuchaswatershortage,landdegradation,andrisinglaborcosts,thecostofgrainproductionintheNorthChinaPlainhasbeenrising.Toaddressthesechallenges,localfarmershavetakenaseriesofmeasures,suchaspromotingwater-savingirrigationtechnology,adoptingnewagriculturalmachinery,anddevelopingecologicalagriculture,inordertoreduceproductioncostsandincreasefoodproduction.案例研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過實(shí)施這些措施，華北平原的糧食生產(chǎn)成本得到了有效控制，糧食產(chǎn)量也得到了穩(wěn)定提升。同時(shí)，這些措施還有助于改善土壤質(zhì)量、保護(hù)水資源和生態(tài)環(huán)境，從而提高了糧食生產(chǎn)的質(zhì)量和可持續(xù)性。然而，這些措施的實(shí)施也面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn)，如技術(shù)普及程度不高、農(nóng)民培訓(xùn)不足、政策支持不夠等。Thecasestudyfoundthatthroughtheimplementationofthesemeasures,thecostofgrainproductionintheNorthChinaPlainhasbeeneffectivelycontrolled,andthegrainoutputhasalsobeensteadilyimproved.Meanwhile,thesemeasuresalsocontributetoimprovingsoilquality,protectingwaterresourcesandtheecologicalenvironment,therebyenhancingthequalityandsustainabilityoffoodproduction.However,theimplementationofthesemeasuresalsofacessomechallenges,suchaslowtechnologicalpopularization,insufficientfarmertraining,andinsufficientpolicysupport.長江中下游平原是中國的重要糧食增產(chǎn)潛力區(qū)，主要種植水稻、小麥和油菜等農(nóng)作物。該地區(qū)地勢平坦、水資源豐富，具有得天獨(dú)厚的自然條件。然而，由于城市化、工業(yè)化和人口增長等因素的影響，該地區(qū)的糧食生產(chǎn)成本也在逐漸上升。TheMiddleandLowerYangtzeValleyPlainisanimportantpotentialareaforincreasinggrainproductioninChina,mainlyplantingrice,wheat,rapeandothercrops.Theregionhasaflatterrain,abundantwaterresources,anduniquenaturalconditions.However,duetofactorssuchasurbanization,industrialization,andpopulationgrowth,thecostoffoodproductionintheregionisgraduallyincreasing.為了降低生產(chǎn)成本并提高糧食產(chǎn)量，長江中下游平原的農(nóng)民采取了一系列創(chuàng)新措施，如推廣智能化農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)、發(fā)展循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)、推廣綠色種植模式等。這些措施不僅有助于降低生產(chǎn)成本，還能提高糧食產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量，同時(shí)減少對環(huán)境的影響。Inordertoreduceproductioncostsandincreasegrainoutput,farmersinthetheMiddleandLowerYangtzeValleyPlainhavetakenaseriesofinnovativemeasures,suchaspromotingintelligentagriculturaltechnology,developingcircularagriculture,andpromotinggreenplantingpatterns.Thesemeasuresnotonlyhelptoreduceproductioncosts,butalsoincreasegrainyieldandquality,whilereducingtheimpactontheenvironment.案例研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過實(shí)施這些創(chuàng)新措施，長江中下游平原的糧食生產(chǎn)成本得到了有效控制，糧食產(chǎn)量也得到了顯著提升。這些措施還有助于促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)與工業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)的融合發(fā)展，推動當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級。然而，這些措施的實(shí)施也面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn)，如技術(shù)更新?lián)Q代速度快、農(nóng)民適應(yīng)能力不足、政策支持不夠等。Thecasestudyfoundthatthroughtheimplementationoftheseinnovativemeasures,thecostofgrainproductioninthetheMiddleandLowerYangtzeValleyPlainhasbeeneffectivelycontrolled,andthegrainoutputhasalsobeensignificantlyimproved.Thesemeasuresalsohelppromotetheintegrationanddevelopmentofagriculture,industry,andserviceindustries,andpromotethetransformationandupgradingofthelocaleconomy.However,theimplementationofthesemeasuresalsofacessomechallenges,suchasfasttechnologicalupdates,insufficientadaptabilityoffarmers,andinsufficientpolicysupport.通過對華北平原和長江中下游平原的案例研究，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維成本問題具有復(fù)雜性和多樣性。為了保障糧食安全，我們需要根據(jù)不同地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況，采取針對性的措施來降低生產(chǎn)成本、提高糧食產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量。我們還需要加強(qiáng)政策支持、提高農(nóng)民素質(zhì)、推動技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等方面的工作，以推動中國糧食生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。ThroughthecasestudyoftheNorthChinaPlainandthetheMiddleandLowerYangtzeValleyPlain,wecanfindthatthemultidimensionalcostoffoodproductioninChinaiscomplexanddiverse.Inordertoensurefoodsecurity,weneedtotaketargetedmeasuresbasedontheactualsituationindifferentregionstoreduceproductioncosts,improvegrainyieldandquality.Wealsoneedtostrengthenpolicysupport,improvethequalityoffarmers,andpromotetechnologicalinnovationtopromotethesustainabledevelopmentofChina'sgrainproduction.五、結(jié)論與建議Conclusionandrecommendations本研究對中國糧食生產(chǎn)的多維成本進(jìn)行了深入探索，并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了中國糧食安全新保障模式的構(gòu)想。經(jīng)過詳細(xì)的數(shù)據(jù)分析和案例研究，我們得出了以下ThisstudydeeplyexploresthemultidimensionalcostsofChina'sgrainproductionandproposesanewmodelforensuringfoodsecurityinChinabasedonthis.Afterdetaileddataanalysisandcasestudies,wehavecometothefollowingconclusions:中國糧食生產(chǎn)的成本構(gòu)成復(fù)雜，不僅包括直接的生產(chǎn)成本，還涉及環(huán)境成本、社會成本等多個維度。這些成本在糧食生產(chǎn)過程中起著重要作用，且隨著生產(chǎn)方式的改變和糧食市場的變化，這些成本也在發(fā)生動態(tài)變化。ThecostcompositionofgrainproductioninChinaiscomplex,includingnotonlydirectproductioncosts,butalsomultipledimensionssuchasenvironmentalcostsandsocialcosts.Thesecostsplayanimportantroleinthegrainproductionprocess,andtheyarealsodynamicallychangingwithchangesinproductionmethodsandthegrainmarket.中國糧食生產(chǎn)的效率與成本之間存在著密切的關(guān)系。當(dāng)前，中國糧食生產(chǎn)在技術(shù)進(jìn)步和規(guī)模效益方面取得了一定的成就，但成本控制仍然是一個亟待解決的問題。因此，提高糧食生產(chǎn)效率，降低生產(chǎn)成本，是中國糧食安全新保障模式的關(guān)鍵。ThereisacloserelationshipbetweentheefficiencyandcostofgrainproductioninChina.Atpresent,China'sgrainproductionhasmadecertainachievementsintechnologicalprogressandeconomiesofscale,butcostcontrolisstillanurgentproblemtobesolved.Therefore,improvingtheefficiencyofgrainproductionandreducingproductioncostsarethekeytoChina'snewfoodsecurityguaranteemodel.一是加強(qiáng)糧食生產(chǎn)科技創(chuàng)新，提高糧食生產(chǎn)效率。通過研發(fā)和應(yīng)用先進(jìn)的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)，提高糧食產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量，降低生產(chǎn)成本，實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。Oneistostrengthentechnologicalinnovationingrainproductionandimprovegrainproductionefficiency.Bydevelopingandapplyingadvancedagriculturaltechnologies,wecanincreasegrainyieldandquality,reduceproductioncosts,andachievesustainabledevelopmentofgrainproduction.二是優(yōu)化糧食生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)，推進(jìn)糧食生產(chǎn)的規(guī)?；?、專業(yè)化。通過調(diào)整糧食生產(chǎn)布局，優(yōu)化糧食生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食生產(chǎn)的區(qū)域化、規(guī)模化、專業(yè)化，提高糧食生產(chǎn)的整體效益。Thesecondistooptimizethestructureofgrainp