公眾號：黑洞視角絕密★啟用前 試卷類型：A2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（第二次模擬考試）英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.考生答卷前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座位號寫在答題卡上。將條形碼粘貼在規(guī)定區(qū)域。本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.做選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。寫在本試卷上無效。3.回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡的規(guī)定區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。筆試部分一、閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)?！鵅rownGirlDreamingByJacquelineWoodsonAsawinneroftheNationalBookAward,theCorettaScottKingAward,andaNewberryHonorBook,inherbook,BrownGirlDreaming,theauthorusespoetrytotellhertruestoryofgrowingupasablackwomaninthe1960sand1970s.Woodson’sbeautifullanguageexploresbigideaswhiledescribingherfamily,hergrowingawarenessofraceandthecivilrightsmovement,andherlifeinSouthCarolinaandNewYorkCity.※WhenYouWereEverythingByAshleyWoodfolkCleoandLaylahavebeenbestfriendsforyears.Butintheirsecondyearofmiddleschool,everythingchanges.Laylastartshangingoutwithhernewfriends,andthetwogirls’friendshipslowlyends.Cleoisstilltryingtomakesenseofwhathappenedasshetriestomakenewfriends.Toldacrosstwotimelines,Cleo’sstoryofsadnesssurroundingalostfriendshipwillberelevantformany8thgraderstryingtodealwithpastmiddleschoolfrienddramaandlookingforwardtohighschool.※TheHoundoftheBaskervillesByArthurConanDoyleThefamousdetectiveSherlockHolmesandhisfriendWatsonsetouttolookintoanewcaseinDartmoor,England.Amanisdead,withmanydogpawprintsleadingtohisbody.HolmesandWatsonarriveinDartmoortofindseveralunexplainableeventsandclues.Together,theystarttofigureoutapuzzlethathasdefinedmysteryanddetectivefictioneversince.※TheHobbitByJ.R.R.TolkienThisstoryisanopenertothelongerandmorechallengingTheLordoftheRingstrilogy.It’sanadventurestorysetinafantasyworld.Withdwarves(小矮人),hobbits,swordfights,wizardsanddragons,thebook’splotandhumorhavestoodthetestoftime.21.HowisBrownGirlDreamingdifferentfromtheotherbooks?A.Itfocusesoncitylife. B.Itusesclearlanguage.C.Ithaswonmanyawards. D.Ittellshumorousstories.22.WhatisWhenYouWereEverythingmainlyabout?A.Friendshipandgrowth. B.Lostloveandgainedhope.C.Learningtobemoreindependent. D.Dealingwithpressurefromschoolwork.23.Whichbooksuitswhoeverwantstoreadaboutadventures?A.TheHobbit B.BrownGirlDreamingC.WhenYouWereEverything D.TheHoundoftheBaskervillesBItwasacoldMaymorningwhenIreceivedanemailfromanoldfriendinvitingmetojoina10-dayall-girlssurftrip.IknewIhadtosayyes.Thetripseemedsimpleenough.10womenaged30to45,allcompletestrangers,weretomeetonthecoastofPortugaltotrysomethingnew:surfingintheAtlanticOcean.Ihavealwayslovedtraveling,soIeagerlysentanemailtomybossaskingfortimeofftomakethetrip.Ifthere’sonethingI’velearnedovermypast33years,it’sthatadultstypicallyspendtheirdaysmasteringthethingsthey’vedonebefore.Itseemslikeweprideourselvesonbecomingexpertsinwhateverfieldwe’vefalleninto,knowingmoreaboutless.Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereallygoodatoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.ImetmynewsurfingcompanionsonthegrassofthehotellawninasmallsurftowncalledEriceira.Despiteourdifferentpersonalitiesandbackgrounds,wewereallunitedinastrongdesiretochallengeourselves,learn,tackleandgrow.TheshoresatEriceira,wherethebeginnerslearntosurf,areshallowandcoveredwithslipperyrocks.Theymakeforsofterwavesbutaredifficulttoride.Guidedbyouramazingcoaches,together,wefacedthewaves.Sometimes,itpouredwithrain,andthewavescrashedaroundus,butwewerestilloutthere.Andwitheveryslipandfall,wordsofencouragementfilledtheair.Honestly,Iprobablyspentmostofmydaysfrozentothebone,butthatdidn’tmatterbecauseanewlevelofgenuinejoyandpersonalachievementhadbeenunlocked.Learninganewskilltaughtmethehumility(謙虛)thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew,andthepridethatdevelopswhenyoufinallymanagetograspsomethingyou’vebeenworkingon.Whilesurfingmightnotbemylifelongpassion,tryingitoutinspiredmetotakemorerisksinlife.Youneverknowwhatyou’recapableofifyoudon’tgooutthereandtry.24.Whatinspiredtheauthortojointhesurftrip?A.Herloveforseashoresurfing. B.Herdesiretomakenewfriends.C.Herneedtotakeabreakfromwork. D.Herpassionforexploringsomethingnew.25.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofadults’focusingonmasteringonefield?A.Ithurtsone’spride. B.Itnarrowsone’spotential.C.Itpromotesone’scareersuccess. D.Itbroadensone’sviewoftheworld.26.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’ssurfingexperience?A.Relaxingbutdangerous. B.Toughanduninteresting.C.Challengingbutrewarding. D.Surprisingandunforgettable.27.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor?A.Sheusedtolackconfidenceinherself.B.Shedeterminedtobecomeanexpertsurfer.C.Shediscoveredherlifelongpassionafterthetrip.D.Shewasmorewillingtotrynewexperiencesinlife.CYouhateme.Youdon’tevenknowmeandyouhateme.Beforewe’veevenspoken,youhateme.Atleastthat’showitfeelsonmyendofthecallasafemalecollectionsofficeratacallcenter.IdreadthemomentwhenIhavetologontoourphonesystemfirstthinginthemorningbecauseIneverknowwhoisgoingtobeontheotherendofthatcall.Sometimesit’saneasytask.Thecallerispleasantandhasacceptedpersonalresponsibilityfortheirdebts,andwegetthroughthephonecallwithease.Thentherearetheoneswhocallinlookingforafight,orlookingforsomeonetoblame.Throughtheluckofthephonesystem,thatpersonisme.I’vehadpeoplewhoshoutatme,callmehorriblenames,accusemepersonallyoftakingtheirmoneyandthreatenme.Why?Ithinkit’sbecauseIaminvisible.IthinkIwouldbetreatedwiththesamelevelofdisrespectifwewerefacetoface.Fortunatelyforme,Ihavehadyearsofexperienceincustomerservice,soI’mfairlyrichinnotlettingthenegativeencountersbotherme.Thebiggestandmosteffectiveskillwhenitcomestothejobisempathy(同感).IcanappreciatethesituationwhichthecallerisinbecauseI’vebeenthere.That’swhyI’mgoodatmyjob—Iunderstandwhatyou’regoingthrough,andI’mheretohelp.Somedaysthough,nomatterhowmuchItrytoleavethestressbehindwhenIhangupthephone,itstayswithme.Imaydosomedeepbreathing,goforaquickwalkorsimplystickmyheadoutsideforaburstoffreshair.IdothissoIdon’tcarrythatnegativityontomynextcall.Thatnextcallmaybeapersonhavingtheworstdayoftheirlife,butIdon’twanttoeverbetheonewhomakesitworse.Weareallhumansjusttryingtogetbyinlife,whichmakesyouandmeequal.Soplease,thenexttimewetalk,rememberthat.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dread”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Enjoy. B.Fear. C.Expect. D.Avoid.29.Whydoestheauthorthinksomecallerstreatherbadly?A.Theygetangrytooeasily. B.Theyblameherfortheirdebts.C.Theydonotseeherasarealperson. D.Theyaccuseheroftakingtheirmoney.30.Whydoestheauthorthinksheisgoodatherjob?A.Shecanoffercallersbestadvice. B.Sheisalwaysrespectedbycallers.C.Shecanputherselfinothers’shoes. D.Sheisn’teasilyinfluencedbynegativity.31.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthistext?A.Tocallforunderstandingofherjob. B.Toexplainwhysheisgoodatherjob.C.Tointroducewhatsheisresponsiblefor. D.Tocomplainaboutherbeingtreatedbadly.DWaterwaysareimportantforeverycountryaroundtheworld.Theyprovidenotonlywaterforeverydayusebutalsoroutesfortransport.However,duetoindustrialactivity,manyofthemarenowpolluted.DakotaPerryfromtheUShasexperiencedwaterpollutionfirst-hand.The15-year-oldhighschoolgirltoldAlabamaLocalNewsthatshespendsalotoftimegoingonboatrideswithherdadontheriverbehindtheirhouse.However,theriverhasbecomelitteredwithplasticbags,bottlesandcups.Perrywantedtocleanupthewatersoshecouldcontinuetoenjoytheriver.So,withthehelpofherfather,shedesignedasystemtocollectandremoverubbishinwaterways.InMay,PerryputforwardhersolutionattheRegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairheldinGeorgia,US,andreceivedaJudge’sAwardfromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationforherproject.AccordingtotheScienceNewsforStudentswebsite,hersystemwasinspiredbytheDutchGreatBubble(氣泡)BarrierinAmsterdam,whichcreatesaflowofbubblesthattrapwasteanddirectsittoacatchmentsystem.ButPerrytriedtochallengeherselfandmakehersystemmoreenvironment-friendly.Sheplannedtocreateacurtainofbubblesthatstretchedtheriverdiagonally(對角地).Thecurtainwouldstopthefloatingrubbishandthenpushittowardtheshore.Oncethere,aconveyorrunbyasolar-poweredbatterywouldcarrythewastetoadustbin.Inherbackyardpool,Perryusedanaircompressor(壓縮機(jī))tosendairthroughapipefullofholestocreateastreamofbubbles.Sheexperimentedwithdifferentamountsofpressuretomakesuretherewouldbeenoughbubblestoformafullcurtain.“Forthebubblesystemtoactuallyworkandcollectrubbish,”sheexplainedtoScienceNewsforStudents,“Ihavetoknowhowmuchpressuretheaircompressorissupposedtopushout.”Aftershetestedhersystemforcollectingrubbish,Perryfoundthatitworkedbetterthanexpected.Next,sheplanstoworkouthowtousethepoweroftherivertoruntheaircompressor.32.WhatmotivatedPerrytodesignarubbish-collectingsystem?A.Herfather’sencouragement.B.Herdesiretoprotectanearbyriver.C.Avisittoascienceandengineeringfair.D.AninventionofaDutchhighschoolstudent.33.Whatcanweknowabouttherubbish-collectingsystem?A.ItwasdesignedbyPerryalone.B.Itmakespowertoruntheaircompressor.C.Itcollectssolarenergytoremoverubbish.D.Itcreatesabubblecurtaintoblockrubbish.34.Whatisthe5thparagraphmainlyabout?A.Advantagesofthesystem. B.Thewayoftestingthesystem.C.Theimprovementonthesystem. D.Challengesinthedesignprocess.35.WhatkindofpersonisPerry?A.Efficientandambitious. B.Helpfulandhardworking.C.Responsibleandcreative. D.Professionalandadventurous.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallwanttoknowwhathappinessmeansandtrytofindwaystohelpmakeourlifebetter.Happiness—youknowitwhenyouseeit,butit’shardtodefine.Youmightcallitasenseofwell-being,optimismormeaningfulnessinlife,althoughthosecouldalsobetreatedseparately.36weknowthatwewantit,andthatisjustsomehowgood.Wealsoknowthatwedon’talwayshavecontroloverourhappiness.Researchsuggeststhatgeneticsmayplayabigroleinourlevelofhappiness,sosomeofusmaystartoutatadisadvantage.Ontopofthat,environmentalfactorscanbringdownmoodanddryupourthirstforliving.37.Manystudieshavefoundaconnectionbetweenpsychologicalandphysicalwell-being.A2022reviewofmorethan200studiesfoundaconnectionbetweenpositivepsychologicalfeatures,suchashappiness,optimismandlifesatisfaction,andaloweredriskofheartdisease.38.Ifyouhaveagoodsenseofwell-being,it’seasiertomaintaingoodhabits:exercising,eatingabalanceddietandgettingenoughsleep.39,andtheydonotprovidehardevidenceofcauseandeffect.Butsomeresearchersbelievethatpositivementalstatesdohaveadirecteffectonthebody,perhapsbyreducingdamagingphysicalprocesses.Forinstance,theyfoundthatoptimismisassociatedwithlowerlevelsofinflammation(炎癥).Ifwhatyoumeanbyhappinessisspecifically“enjoymentoflife”,there’snewerevidencetosupportthat,too.AstudyintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalfoundthatpeopleaged60andoverwhosaidtheyenjoyedlifelessweremorelikelytodevelopdisabilityoveran8-yearperiod.40.Thisstudydoesnotprovethatphysicalproblemsarecausedbylessenjoymentoflife,butsuggestsarelationship.A.ButwhateverhappinessreallyisB.ItmighttakemoreworkifyourmoodislowC.FornowthesestudiescanonlyshowassociationsD.Thatreferstotheperson,andthesituationheorsheisinE.BeingabletotravelaroundwasalsorelatedtoenjoymentoflifeF.TomanageouremotionsisimportantforbothourbodyandmindG.It’snotassimpleas“youmustbehappytopreventheartattacks”,though二、語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳進(jìn)項(xiàng)。Standingontheshoreofalake,Ican’thelpbutfeelsurprisedatthethousandsofsmallrocksthatsurroundmyboots.Theywereallcreatedfromhardsurfaces,theiredgessofteningovertime.Iwonder,“Canwelearnfromapileof41?”Eventhetallestmountainshave42;noneareastallastheywere1,000yearsago.Andmuchlikearock,I’vefoundmy43hassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.44,Iwasalsoasharprockcoveredinpointyedges.Today,afterdecadesofthewatersoflifecoursingoverme,myedgesaresofterandandI’mmore45.I’mlesslikelytojudgeandmoreinterestedinlearninghowwecan46together.ButI’mnotarock.I’ma47filledwithallthedramabuiltintomyDNA.Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralyoungmento48fornotwearingmasks.Not49andnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign,“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecanto50thistogether.”Thegroupofyoungmenwantedto51aboutthenote.Isatattherestaurantwatching,understandingbothsides.I’vebeenoneofthembefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayattheworld.WhatIlost,52,wastheabilitytogrowfrom53bylookingthroughtheeyesofothers.Inlearningtobemore54,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.Theformerlookforwaysto55andmakeroomforothers,whilethelatternevergivean56toaccommodateothers.57,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesusbywashingawayourresistanceto58theworldfromsomeoneelse’spointofview.Iplaceda59stoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdinga60again.41.A.goods B.boxes C.books D.rocks42.A.piledup B.worndown C.risenup D.brokendown43.A.will B.voice C.attitude D.heart44.A.open B.Still C.Here D.Once45.A.understanding B.confident C.patient D.competitive46.A.contribute B.exist C.suffer D.develop47.A.leader B.teacher C.human D.judge48.A.leave B.explain C.apologize D.pay49.A.contradictory B.confusing C.forceful D.discouraging50.A.getthrough B.stickto C.dealwith D.fightagainst51.A.think B.care C.talk D.argue52.A.even B.however C.anyway D.also53.A.hardships B.struggle C.experiences D.failure54.A.open B.cautious C.ambitious D.independent55.A.ignore B.accept C.adjust D.change56.A.excuse B.agreement C.entrance D.inch57.A.Nature B.Tolerance C.Tide D.Time58.A.reforming B.seeing C.exploring D.travelling59.A.sharp B.rounded C.valuable D.rolling60.A.class B.belief C.meeting D.discussion第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。The38thQinhuaiLanternFestivalLightsUpChinaOntheeveningofFebruary2,the2024“LightUpChina”event,the38thannualChinaQinhuaiLanternFestivallightingceremony,61(begin)attheBailuzhouParkinNanjing,Jiangsuprovince.TheQinhuaiLanternFestival,62isalsoknownasthe“JinlingLanternFestival”,isafolkculturalactivityspreadinNanjinginhistory.ItisusuallyheldduringtheSpringFestivaltotheLanternFestivaleveryyear.ItisthemostfamouslanternfestivalinChinaanditisincludedinthenationalintangibleculturalheritagelist.WiththeBailuzhouPark,theConfuciusTempleScenicAreaandtheLaomendongDistrictserving63maindisplayvenues,thisyear’sQinhuaiLanternFairhassetup7exhibitionareaswith330lanterninstallations.64(compare)topreviousyears’lanternfestivals,oneofthemajorhighlightsthisyearistheremarkable“theYearoftheDragon”theme.Forinstance,atthefrontoftheLinxingGateoftheConfuciusTempleinNanjing,thelanterndisplayfeaturestwindragonswindingaroundpillars,blowingoutdragonpearls,symbolizingauspiciousness(吉祥)andreunion.Meanwhile,theBailuzhouParktakes65(inspire)fromthe“IllustrationofLanternsintheShangyuanFestival”asitscreativetheme,showing66totalof68setsoflanternsinvarioussizesandforms,recreatingthesplendidsceneofobservinglanternsduringtheMingdynastyasdescribedintheancientartworks.TheLanternFestivalinNanjingthisyearnotonlycelebratesthetraditionalcustomsoftheLunarNewYearbutalsohighlightsthecity’sculturalheritageand67(innovation)spirit,drawingvisitorsfromacrossthenation68(participate)inthejoyouscelebrations.Alocalelderlypersonsaidtoanewsreporter69(proud),“IthasthereputationofNo.1LanternFestivalintheworldandtheQinhuaiLanternFestival70(be)thebestintheworld.Itistheonlylarge-scalecomprehensivelanternfestivalinChinathatintegrateslanternexhibitions,lanternfestivalsandlanternmarkets.”三、寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（/）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。LastSundayItookpartintheexcitingoutdooractivitywithmyfriends.Wegohikinginthemountainsnearby,anditwasapleasantexperience.Wegotupearlythanusualtopackourbackpackswithwater,foodandothernecessarything.Whenwegotthere,westartedwithourhike.Thepathwaschallenging,butthescenerywasamazed.Aswehiked,wechatted,laughed,andencouragingeachother.Wealsohadbreaksandtookphotos.Whentheyfinallycompletedthehike,weweretiredoutbuthappy.Iwasextremedelightedtospendtimewithmyfriendsinnatureandenjoythefreshairandsunshine.Itwasanunforgettablewalkindeed,Ican’twaittohaveanotherchancetohikewiththem.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）你們學(xué)校最近組織了一次植樹活動(dòng)，請以“AnInterestingTree-plantingActivity”為題寫一篇報(bào)道，向校英語報(bào)投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及參與者；2.植樹的過程；3.你的體驗(yàn)和感受。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AnInterestingTree-plantingActivity聽力部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesMikeplantodotonight?A.Watchamovie. B.Attendameeting. C.Workonhispresentation.2.HowwillthewomancontactJohn?A.Byphone. B.Byemail. C.Inperson.3.Whenwillthespeaker