ThePassiveVoice被動語態(tài)01被動語態(tài)的概念02主動變被動的方法03主動表被動的情況04隨堂練習01

被動語態(tài)的概念

＊英語的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)＊主動語態(tài)：主語是動作的執(zhí)行者＊被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者

＊只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)執(zhí)行者承受者主動語態(tài)：Thefatduckhitthefatgoose.被動語態(tài)：Thefatgoosewashitbythefatduck.被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+bep.p+by+賓語+其他成分現(xiàn)在過去將來過去將來一般am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone進行am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone//完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendonebe+p.p★情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)是“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞2.不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。1.強調(diào)動作的承受者。3.動作的執(zhí)行者不是人而是無生命的事物。Thebookwastakenawaybymyteacher.Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.Thehousewasstruckbylightening.在被動語態(tài)中，主語是動作的承受者，主要用于下列幾種情況：4.習慣用法如beborn,belocated,bedressed,bedetermined,beseated,bedevoted等。02

主動變被動的方法

＊Wecleantheclassroom.＊Theclassroomiscleanedbyus.方法：1.賓變主，2.主變賓，前加by3.動變被Thelittleprince句型一：主語+謂語+賓語Rose＊Theygavethechildren

manybooks.＊Thechildrenweregivenmanybooksbythem.＊Manybooksweregiventothechildrenbythem.句型二：主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語方法：當主動句含有兩個賓語時，有兩種方法變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?.間賓變主語，主語變賓語，謂語主動變被動；2.直賓變主語，前面需添加適當?shù)慕樵~（for、to等），主語變賓語，謂語主動變被動。＊Tips:有些雙賓語及物動詞在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不能將間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為被動句的主語。主動句：Shewrotemealongletter.被動句：Iwaswrittenalongletter.(×）被動句：A

longletterwaswrittentome.(√）RoseFox

句型三：主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語＊Wemadehim

leaderoftheteam.＊Hewasmadeleaderoftheteambyus.方法：1.賓變主，2.主變賓，前加by3.動變被Fox＊Tips:使役動詞和感官動詞后接省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，to要還原，不能省略（let除外）。若其后接現(xiàn)在分詞，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，保持不變。Theteachermadethestudentsstayintheclassroom.→Thestudentsweremadetostayintheclassroom.＊使役動詞和感官動詞有：一感（feel),二聽（hear,listento),三讓（make,have,let),四看（lookat,see,watch,notice)主動變被動的步驟總結(jié)＊

Step1:一找__________＊

Step2:二定__________＊

Step3:三變__________＊

Step4:四別忘_________主賓時態(tài)be+p.pby03

主動表被動的情況1.在“be+形容詞+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語時。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.(todrink的邏輯賓語是句子的主語water)Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.(togetalongwith的邏輯賓語是thegirl)2.betoblame,betorent兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義Thehouseistorent.Thetruckdriverwastoblame.在“too...to”和”enoughto“結(jié)構(gòu)中，可用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義Theboxistooheavytocarry.Nowmobilephonesarecheapenoughtobuy.3.在“have+賓語+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子主語是不定式的邏輯主語時Doyouhaveanyhomeworktodo？不定式的邏輯主語是you4.

某些介詞短語作表語時Theproblemisnowunderdiscussion.5.want,require,beworth,deserve,need后跟動名詞時,其含義相當于動詞不定式的被動形式Thewallneedspainting.=Thewallneedstobepainted.04

隨堂練習stayed一、用所給詞的適當形式填空1.(重慶·改編)You'dbetterwritedownhernumberbeforeyou_________(forget)it.2.(四川·改編)She_____________(phone)someone，soInoddedtoherandwentaway.3.(福建·改編)—Haven'tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?—IwenttoNingxiaand_________(stay)thereforoneyear,teachingasavolunteer.forgetwasphoning4.(全國I·改編)“Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow，”Grannyusedtosay，“becauseeverystep___________(show).”5.(浙江杭州一次質(zhì)檢·改編)MrWhite____________(work)inourschoolfornearlyfortyyearsbeforeheretiredlastmonth.6.(北京石景山一?！じ木?AlthoughtheEiffelTower_____________(design)tolast20years,itisstillstandingtoday.showshadworkedwasdesignedhaspassedarebeingcarried7.(襄陽高三沖刺模擬·改編)Sheissoexcitedthatsheistheonlyone