非謂語動(dòng)詞——doing功能：在句子能做主語、賓語、表語、定語、補(bǔ)語和狀語,但不能單獨(dú)做謂語.一、作主語Playingbasketballisveryinteresting.Surfingtheinternetcouldhelppeoplefeellesslonely.Hiscominggaveusgreatencouragement.Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.There

isnojoking

about

such

matters.Thereisnodenying

that

our

living

qualities

have

gonefrombadtoworse.還可以用it作為形式主語。Itisnogoodplayinggamesonline.Itisnousesayingwithoutaction.It

is

useless

waitinghere

doing

nothing.Itwasgreatfunwalkingalongtheriver.Itisawasteoftimeplayingtheonlinegame.二、作賓語：1.Heenjoysplayingtheguitar.常跟doing做賓語的動(dòng)詞consider,finish,imagine,keep,practise,permit,prevent,risk,admit,avoid,,appreciate,excuse,delay,mind,miss,escape,dislike，abandon,oppose,tolerate/bear/stand，ensure，resist,recall.2.Hersisterisgoodatmakingfriends.常跟doing做賓語的動(dòng)詞詞組：lookforwardto,beusedto,devoteto,getdownto,stickto,objectto,leadto,stickto,payattentionto,giveup,goon,insiston,havedifficulty/troublein,bebusywith,befondof,feellike,beworth,can’tstand.三、作定語：Thesleepingchildisonlyfivemonthsold.(表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Thereisanoldmanwithawalkingstickinthewaitingroom.(表示用途或功能)Thepeoplelivinginthesmallvillagearehard-workingandhonest.Themanagerreceivedacallfromaapplicantaskingforfurtherinformation.四、作賓語補(bǔ)足語：（V+賓+doing）Wesawthesunrisingfromtheeastwhenwestoodonthehill.Ididn’tnoticehimsleepinginbed.Theteacherkept/had/gotthestudentstandingoutoftheclassroomallthemorning.可以帶有這種復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞：see,watch,hear,listento,notice,observe,feel,find,catch和使役動(dòng)詞have,keep,get,leave等。五、作表語Ourjobiscleaningalltheroomseveryday.Myhobbyisplayingfootballafterclass.Thesecrettohissuccessislearningfromhisfailures.Thefirstandimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.六、做狀語▲doingsth.作時(shí)間狀語：Crossingtheroad,theoldmanwasknockedoverbyacar.=Whenhewascrossingtheroad,theoldmanwasknockedoverbyacar.Hearingthenews,hegotfrightened.=Whenheheardthenews,hegotfrightened.▲doingsth.作原因狀語：Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordabighouse.Notknowingheraddress,Ican'twritetoher.Learningthatyouareinterestedinclassicmusic,Iwanttoinviteyoutocometotheconcert.Seeingthat

(鑒于)you

haveno

time,

I

have

Peter

replace

you.Consideringthat(考慮到)youareinterestedinChineseculture,IsendyousomeChinapaintings.▲doingsth.作結(jié)果狀語：﹡Hecomeshomelateeveryevening,makinghiswifeveryangry.﹡Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.﹡Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.▲doingsth.作條件狀語：ListeningtoEnglisheveryday,you’lllearnitwellstepbystep.▲doingsth.作讓步狀語：（全國一線原創(chuàng)）Workingsohard,hefailedagain.=Thoughhetriedsohard,hefailedagain.▲doingsth.作方式狀語：Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalking.TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish，usingthewordsandexpressionsinbrackets.▲doingsth.作伴隨狀語：Allnightlonghelayinbed,thinkingoftheproblem.Hesatinthearmchair,readinganewspaper.Theystoodthereforhalfanhour,watchingthestarsinthesky.常在分詞前加when,if,while,though,as,than,once等連詞Whencrossingtheroad,theoldmanwasknockedoverbyacar.IflisteningtoEnglisheveryday，you’lllearnitwellstepbystep.Thoughworkingsohard,hefailedagain.有些慣用的doing形式不表示句子主語的動(dòng)作，而是表示說話人的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等?？僧?dāng)作一個(gè)插入語.generallyspeaking一般說來frankly/honestlyspeaking坦白地說strictly/exactly/roughlyspeaking嚴(yán)格/準(zhǔn)確/粗略地說來judgingfrom/by…根據(jù)……來判斷considering(that)…考慮到……=Taking...intoconsideration/accountSupposing/providing(that)...假如，如果Judging

from

his

appearance

he

seemsto

be

rich.Supposing/providingthat(假設(shè))theyrefuseus,whoelsecanweturntoforhelp?填空1._________(Smoke)doesgreatharmtopeople’shealth.2.Agoodwayof________(say)“I’mfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.3.Themanwithglasses_________(stand)nexttothecarisaprofessor..4.Thekidswenttotheparkwiththeirparents,________(sing)merrily.5.Anearthquakehitthecountrylastnight,_______(kill)thousandsofpeople.6.Ihearsomeone_______(play)thepianointhenextdoor.7.Not_______(know)hisphonenumber,Icouldn’tgivehimacall.8.Ifoundapieceofpaperonmydesk,______(say)“Don’tinterruptme!”.9._________(judge)

from

his

worried

face,

we

knewthat

he

musthave

had

some

trouble.10.Thereisnothingthanseeingthe_______(smile)faceofagoodfriend.11.________(appreciate)thecultureheritageofothercountriesisveryimportantforinternationalcommunicationandunderstanding.Hecame_________(run)backtotellmethenewsthatourteamwonthegame.13.Worsestill,manypeoplehunttheanimalsillegally,_______(make)themindangerofdyingout._______(use)yourhead,you’llfindagoodway./______（use）yourhead,andyou’llfindagoodway.Isawher__________(whisper)somethingintohisear,obviouslynotwantingtobeheard.Duringtheoperation,shesatinthe__________(wait)roomforanhourworryingabouthim.Completethefollowingsentences_________(use)suitablewords.Therewasabigfireina24-storyapartmentbuildinglastnight,_______(result)inatleast100deaths.Itwasgreatfun________(walk)alongthestreet,enjoyingtheexcitingatmosphere.While________(work)there,outofastrongp