常用商務(wù)英語詞匯大全（一）economist經(jīng)濟學(xué)家socialisteconomy社會主義經(jīng)濟capitalisteconomy資本主義經(jīng)濟collectiveeconomy集體經(jīng)濟plannedeconomy計劃經(jīng)濟controlledeconomy管制經(jīng)濟ruraleconomics農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟liberaleconomy經(jīng)濟mixedeconomy混合經(jīng)濟politicaleconomy政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)protectionism保護主義autarchy閉關(guān)自守primarysector初級成分privatesector私營成分私營部門publicsector公共部門公共成分economicchannels經(jīng)濟渠道economicbalance經(jīng)濟平衡economicfluctuation經(jīng)濟波動economicdepression經(jīng)濟衰退economicstability經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定economicpolicy經(jīng)濟政策economicrecovery經(jīng)濟復(fù)原understanding約定concentration集中holdingcompany控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特爾rateofgrowth增長economictrend經(jīng)濟趨勢economicsituation經(jīng)濟形勢infrastructure基本建設(shè)standardofliving生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)生活水平purchasingpowerbuyingpower購買力scarcity短缺stagnation停滯蕭條不景氣underdevelopment不發(fā)達underdeveloped不發(fā)達的developing發(fā)展中的initialcapital創(chuàng)辦資本frozencapital凍結(jié)資金frozenassets凍結(jié)資產(chǎn)fixedassets固定資產(chǎn)realestate不動產(chǎn)房地產(chǎn)circulatingcapitalworkingcapital流動資本availablecapital可用資產(chǎn)capitalgoods資本貨物reserve準(zhǔn)備金儲備金callingupofcapital催繳資本allocationoffunds資金分配contributionoffunds資金捐獻workingcapitalfund周轉(zhuǎn)基金revolvingfund循環(huán)基金周轉(zhuǎn)性基金contingencyfund意外開支準(zhǔn)備金reservefund準(zhǔn)備金bufferfund緩沖基金平準(zhǔn)基金sinkingfund償債基金investment投資資產(chǎn)investor投資人self-financing自籌經(jīng)費經(jīng)費自給bank銀行currentaccount經(jīng)常帳戶（美作:checkingaccount）current-accountholder支票帳戶（美作:checking-accountholder）cheque支票（美作:check）bearerchequechequepayabletobearer無記名支票來人支票crossedcheque劃線支票travellerscheque旅行支票chequebook支票簿支票本（美作:checkbook）endorsement背書transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓轉(zhuǎn)帳過戶money貨幣issue發(fā)行readymoney現(xiàn)錢cash現(xiàn)金readymoneybusinessnocreditgiven現(xiàn)金交易概不賒欠change零錢banknotenote鈔票紙幣（美作:bill）topay（in）cash付現(xiàn)金domesticcurrencylocalcurrency本國貨幣convertibility可兌換性convertiblecurrencies可兌換貨幣exchangerate匯率兌換率foreignexchange外匯floatingexchangerate浮動匯率freeexchangerates匯兌市場foreignexchangecertificate外匯兌換券hardcurrency硬通貨speculation投機saving儲裝存款depreciation減價貶值devaluation（貨幣）貶值revaluation重估價runawayinflation無法控制的通貨膨脹deflation通貨緊縮capitalflight資本外逃securitiesbusiness證券市場stockexchange貢市場stockexchangecorporation證券交易所stockexchange證券交易所貢交易所quotation報價牌價share股份貢shareholderstockholder貢持有人股東dividend股息紅利cashdividend現(xiàn)金配股stockinvestment貢投資investmenttrust投資信托stock-jobber貢經(jīng)紀(jì)人stockcompanystockbrokeragefirm證券公司securities有價證券sharecommonstock普通股preferencestock優(yōu)先股incomegain股利收入issue發(fā)行貢parvalue股面價格票面價格bull買手多頭bear賣手空頭assigned過戶openingprice開盤closingprice收盤hardtimes低潮businessrecession景氣衰退doldrums景氣停滯dull盤整ease松弛raisinglimit漲停板break暴跌bonddebenture債券WallStreet華爾街shorttermloan短期貸款longtermloan長期貸款mediumtermloan中期貸款lender債權(quán)人creditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人借方borrower借方借款人borrowing借款interest利息rateofinterest利率discount貼現(xiàn)折扣rediscount再貼現(xiàn)annuity年金maturity到期日償還日amortization攤銷攤還分期償付redemption償還insurance保險mortgage抵押allotment撥款shorttermcredit短期信貸consolidateddebt合并債務(wù)fundeddebt固定債務(wù)長期債務(wù)floatingdebt流動債務(wù)drawing提款提存aid援助allowancegrantsubsidy補貼補助金津貼shorttermloan短期貸款longtermloan長期貸款mediumtermloan中期貸款lender債權(quán)人creditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人借方borrower借方借款人borrowing借款interest利息rateofinterest利率discount貼現(xiàn)折扣rediscount再貼現(xiàn)annuity年金maturity到期日償還日amortization攤銷攤還分期償付redemption償還insurance保險mortgage抵押allotment撥款shorttermcredit短期信貸consolidateddebt合并債務(wù)fundeddebt固定債務(wù)長期債務(wù)floatingdebt流動債務(wù)drawing提款提存aid援助allowancegrantsubsidy補貼補助金津貼cost成本費用expenditureoutgoings開支支出fixedcosts固定成本overheadcosts營業(yè)間接成本overheads雜項開支間接成本operatingcosts生產(chǎn)費用營業(yè)成本operatingexpenses營業(yè)費用runningexpenses日常費用經(jīng)營費用miscellaneouscosts雜項費用overheadexpenses間接費用管理費用upkeepcostsmaintenancecosts維修費用養(yǎng)護費用transportcosts運輸費用socialcharges社會負擔(dān)費用contingentexpensescontingencies或有費用apportionmentofexpenses分攤費用income收入收益earnings利潤收益grossincomegrossearnings總收入總收益grossprofitgrossbenefit毛利總利潤利益毛額netincome純收益凈收入收益凈額averageincome平均收入nationalincome國收入profitabilityprofitearningcapacity利潤率贏利率yield產(chǎn)量收益收益率increaseinvalueappreciation增值升值duty稅taxationsystem稅制taxation征稅納稅fiscalcharges財務(wù)稅收progressivetaxation累進稅制graduatedtax累進稅valueaddedtax增值稅incometax所得稅landtax地租地價稅excisetax特許權(quán)稅basisofassessment估稅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)taxableincome須納稅的收入fiscality檢查tax-free免稅的taxexemption免稅taxpayer納稅人taxcollector收稅員ChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTradeC.C.P.I.T.中國國際貿(mào)易促進委員會NationalCouncilforUS-ChinaTrade美中貿(mào)易全國理事會Japan-ChinaEconomicAssociation日中經(jīng)濟協(xié)會AssociationforthePromotionofInternationalTradeJapan日本國際貿(mào)易促進會BritishCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade英國國際貿(mào)易促進委員會InternationalChamberofCommerce國際商會InternationalUnionofMarineInsurance國際海洋運輸保險協(xié)會InternationalAluminaAssociation國際鋁礬土協(xié)會UniversalPostalUnionUPU萬國郵政聯(lián)盟CustomsCo-operationCouncilCCC關(guān)稅合作理事會UnitedNationsTradeandDevelopmentBoard聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展理事會OrganizationforEconomiccooperationandDevelopmentDECD經(jīng)濟合作與開發(fā)組織EuropeanEconomicCommunityEECEuropeanCommonMarket歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體EuropeanFreeTradeAssociationEFTA歐洲貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟EuropeanFreeTradeAreaEFTA歐洲貿(mào)易區(qū)CouncilforMutualEconomicAidCMEA經(jīng)濟互助委員會Eurogroup歐洲集團GroupofTen十國集團CommitteeofTwenty（ParisClub）二十國委員會CoordinatingCommitteeCOCOM巴黎統(tǒng)籌委員會CaribbeanCommonMarketCCMCaribbeanFree-TradeAssociationCARIFTA加勒比共同市場（加勒比貿(mào)易同盟）AndeansCommonMarketACMAndeansTreatyOrganizationATO安第斯共同市場LatinAmericanFreeTradeAssociationLAFTA拉丁美洲貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟CentralAmericanCommonMarketCACM中美洲共同市場AfricanandMalagasyCommonOrganizationOCAM非洲與馬爾加什共同組織EastAfricanCommonMarketEACM東非共同市場CentralAfricanCustomsandEconomicUnionCEUCA中非關(guān)稅經(jīng)濟同盟WestAfricanEconomicCommunityWAEC西非經(jīng)濟共同體OrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountriesOPEC石油輸出國組織OrganizationofArabPetroleumExportingCountriesOAPEC阿拉伯石油輸出國組織CommonwealthPreferenceArea英聯(lián)邦特惠區(qū)CentreNationalduCommerceExterieurNationalCenterofExternalTrade法國對外貿(mào)易中心PeoplesBankofChina中國人銀行BankofChina中國銀行InternationalBankforReconstructionanddevelopmentIBRD國際復(fù)興開發(fā)銀行WorldBank世界銀行InternationalDevelopmentassociationIDA國際開發(fā)協(xié)會InternationalMonetaryFoundAgreement國際貨幣基金協(xié)定InternationalMonetaryFoundIMF國際貨幣基金組織EuropeanEconomicandMonetaryUnion歐洲經(jīng)濟與貨幣同盟EuropeanMonetaryCooperationFund歐洲貨幣合作基金B(yǎng)ankforInternationalSettlementsBIS國際結(jié)算銀行AfricanDevelopmentBankAFDB非洲開發(fā)銀行Export-ImportBankofWashington美國進出口銀行NationalcityBankofNewYork花旗銀行AmericanOrientalBankingCorporation美豐銀行AmericanExpressCo.Inc.美國萬國寶通銀行TheChaseBank大通銀行Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBankIDB泛美開發(fā)銀行EuropeanInvestmentBankEIB歐洲投資銀行MidlandBankLtd.米蘭銀行UnitedBankofSwitzerland瑞士聯(lián)合銀行DresdenBankA.G.德累斯敦銀行BankofTokyoLtd.東京銀行HongkongandShanghaiCorporation香港匯豐銀行InternationalFinanceCorporationIFC國際金融公司LaCommunauteFinancieveAfricane非洲金融共同體EconomicandSocialCouncilECOSOC聯(lián)合國經(jīng)濟及社會理事會UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramNUDP聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署UnitedNationsCapitalDevelopmentFundUNCDF聯(lián)合國資本開發(fā)基金UnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganizationUNIDO聯(lián)合國工業(yè)發(fā)展組織UnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentUNCTAD聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會議FoodandAgriculturalOrganizationFAO糧食與農(nóng)業(yè)組織糧農(nóng)組織EconomicCommissionforEuropeECE歐洲經(jīng)濟委員會EconomicCommissionforLatinAmericaECLA拉丁美洲經(jīng)濟委員會EconomicCommissionforAsiaandFarEastECAFE亞洲及遠東經(jīng)濟委員會EconomicCommissionforWesternAsiaECWA西亞經(jīng)濟委員會EconomicCommissionforAfricaECA非洲經(jīng)濟委員會OverseasChineseInvestmentCompany華僑投資公司NewYorkStockExchangeNYSE紐約證券交易所LondonStockMarket倫敦貢市場BalticMercantileandShippingExchange波羅的海商業(yè)和航運交易所instructioneducation教育culture文化primaryeducation初等教育secondaryeducation中等教育highereducation高等教育thethreeRs讀、寫、算schoolyear學(xué)年termtrimester學(xué)季semester學(xué)期schoolday教學(xué)日schoolholidays假期curriculum課程subject學(xué)科discipline紀(jì)律timetable課程表classlesson課homework家庭作業(yè)exercise練習(xí)dictation聽寫spellingmistake拼寫錯誤（short）course短訓(xùn)班seminar研討班playtimebreak課間休息toplaytruanttoplayhooky逃學(xué)曠課course（ofstudy）學(xué)業(yè)studentbody學(xué)生（總稱）classmateschoolmate同學(xué)pupil小學(xué)生student大學(xué)生schoolboy男生schoolgirl女生auditor旁聽生swotgrind用的學(xué)生oldboy老生grantscholarshipfellowship獎學(xué)金holderofagrantscholarfellow獎學(xué)金獲得者schooluniform校服teachingstaff教育工作者（總稱）teachers教師（總稱）primaryschoolteacher小學(xué)老師teacherlecturer大學(xué)老師professor教授schooling教授授課assistant助教headmaster校長（女性為:headmistress）deputyheadmasterdeputyhead副校長rector校長dean教務(wù)長laboratoryassistantlabassistant實驗員beadleporter門房學(xué)校工友gamesmastergymteachergyminstructor體育教師privatetutor私人教師家庭教師pedagogue文學(xué)教師（蔑稱）ofschoolage教齡beginningofterm開學(xué)matriculation注冊toenrolltoenroll予以注冊totakelessons（學(xué)生）上課toteach（老師）上課tostudy學(xué)習(xí)tolearnbyheart記住掌握torevisetogoover復(fù)習(xí)test考試totest考試totakeanexaminationtositanexaminationtodoanexamination參加考試convocationnotice考試通知examiner考試者boardofexaminers考試團examinationoralwrittenexamination口試筆試question問題questionpaper試卷crib夾帶（美作:trot）topassanexamination（或exam）通過考試passpassinggrade升級prizegiving分配獎品tofallanexamination賜ü際詅ailure未考好torepeatayear留級degree學(xué)位graduate畢業(yè)生tograduate畢業(yè)projectthesis畢業(yè)論文GeneralCertificateofEducation中學(xué)畢業(yè)證書（美作:highschooldiploma）holderoftheGeneralCertificateofEducation中學(xué)畢業(yè)生（美作:holderofahighschooldiploma）doctorate博士學(xué)位doctor博士competitiveexamination答辯考試Chinese語文English英語Japanese日語mathematics數(shù)學(xué)science理科gymnastics體育history歷史algebra代數(shù)geometry幾何geography地理biology生物chemistry化學(xué)physics物理physicalgeography地球物理literature文學(xué)sociology社會學(xué)psycology心理學(xué)philosophy哲學(xué)engineering工程學(xué)mechanicalengineering機械工程學(xué)electronicengineering電子工程學(xué)medicine醫(yī)學(xué)socialscience社會科學(xué)agriculture農(nóng)學(xué)astronomy天文學(xué)economics經(jīng)濟學(xué)politics政治學(xué)commercialscience商學(xué)biochemistry生物化學(xué)anthropology人類學(xué)linguistics語言學(xué)accounting會計學(xué)lawjurisprdence法學(xué)banking銀行學(xué)metallurgy冶金學(xué)finance財政學(xué)mass-communication大眾傳播學(xué)journalism新聞學(xué)atomicenergy原子能學(xué)civilengineering土木工程architecture建筑學(xué)chemicalengineering化學(xué)工程acc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