2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市寶安區(qū)高三（上）調(diào)研英語試卷（10月份）第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。1．（7.5分）Areyoutiredofstayinginahotelwhenexploringaforeigncity？Doyouwanttofeelthereallifeinalocalcommunity？Ifso，youmaylogontoAirbnbforagoodpickifyouareplanningforyournextweek﹣longholidayinToronto.***HomeyandLovelyDowntownCondoNexttoCNTowerEntirerentalunithostedbyDuan2guests*studio*1bed*1bathDirectlylocatedinfrontoftheCNTower，Ripley'sAquariumandRogersCenter，minutesawayfromUnionStation.Safe，secureandeasyself﹣check﹣inprocedureswith24/7buildingsecurity.Completelyprivatespace.Theentireunitisyourstoenjoy.Thereisn'tanyoneelsetosharethespacewithyou.OtherthingstonoteWeobserveAirbnb'snewpilotprograminTorontothatrequiresgueststobe25+tobookentirehomes.Wewillregrettablynotbeabletohostyourstayifyourgroupismostlyunder25.***ComfyBedroom+StunningView?Downtown!RoominaunithostedbyAttilio1queenbed*dedicatedbathroom*hostandotherguestsmaybehereThisaccommodationconsistsofabedroomwithaprivatebathroom—youwillbealsoabletousethekitchenandlivingroom（shared），plusalltheapartmentfacilities.Startthedaywithaworkoutinthefullyequippedgym.Exploredowntownfromthismodern，comfyapartment.Intheevening，stretchoutonthenicesofaandadmirethecitylightsfromthewindow.OtherthingstonoteCheck﹣intimewillbeanytimeafter4PMandcheck﹣outtimeby11AM.（1）Inwhichaspectarethetwounitsdifferentfromeachother？A．Numberofgueststohost.B．Bathroomforprivateuse.C．Distancetothedowntown.D．Spacetosharewithothers.（2）WhowillmostprobablybecomeDuan'sguests？A．Backpackerswantingtomeetotherguests.B．Teenagersonahighschoolgraduationtrip.C．Afamilyinsearchofseparateroomsandbeds.D．Acoupleneedingaplaceclosetothelandmarks.（3）InwhichwaydoesAttilio'sroomhaveadvantageoverDuan's？A．Check﹣intime.B．Price.C．Service.D．Privacy.2．（10分）JasmineCharbonier'sheavydrinkingstartedincollege.Byherearlythirties，shewasdowninguptoeightcocktailsdaily，severaldayseachweek.Lastyearshetriedtoquitandwassurprisedwhenshesufferedfromwithdrawalsymptoms（癥狀）.Unlikeharddrugs，alcoholisgenerallyviewedasalessdangerouswaytoreducestress，saysDhrutiPatel，aspecialistattheUniversityofMiamiMedicineSchool."It'slegal，readilyavailable，andnotsoforbiddeninsociety，sowomenfeellessworrydrinking，"shesays.ThatwascertainlythecaseforCharbonier，a35﹣year﹣oldCEOandbloggerinFlorida.Drinkingmadenightsoutandtravelmorefun，enablinghertomeetnewpeopleanddanceexcitedly.Lastyear，shetemporarilygaveupalcoholtoloseafewpoundsandwashorrifiedbythewithdrawalsymptoms：strongdesiresforalcohol，heightenedanxiety，andtremblinghandssometimes."Iwascompletelyshocked，"shesays."Ididn'tthinkIhadanaddictionuntilthen."Recentresearcheshaveconfirmedthebeliefthatevensmallamountsofwine，beer，orcocktailsendangerhealth.Lastyear，theglobalnon﹣profitWorldHeartFederationchallengedthewidelyheldideathatadailyglassofredwineisgoodforyou.Anyamountincreasestheriskforheartdiseaseandstroke（中風(fēng)），thegroupstated.Comparedwithmen，womenwhodrinkaremoresusceptibletoitsnegativeeffects.Expertspointoutthatwomen'sbodycomposition，whichhasmorefattytissueandlesswaterthanmenofsimilarweight，leadstohigherblood﹣alcoholconcentration.Therefore，womenwhodrinkwilldevelopagreaternumberofmedicalproblemsatmuchloweralcohollevelsthanmen.Federalguidelinesrecommendthatwomenconsumenomorethanfiveounces（盎司）ofwineaday.Butfromahealthperspective，less—actuallynone—isabettertarget，Patelsays.Reducingconsumptionstartswithreplacingalcoholinsocialsituations.Charboniernoworderssparklingwater，orasoftdrinkathappyhour，whichgivesheraglasstoholdwhenothersdo.Shetellsherfriendsthatshe'snolongerdrinking.（1）What'sthecauseforCharbonier'salcoholaddictionmentionedinthepassage？A．Hertroublefromwork.B．Herfamily'sinfluence.C．Herhealthcondition.D．Herignoranceofitsdanger.（2）Whichofthefollowingisawithdrawalsymptomoftheaddicts？A．Feelingverynervous.B．Highbloodpressure.C．Longlastingthirsty.D．Walkingunsteadily.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"susceptible"inparagraph5probablymean？A．Emotional.B．Adaptable.C．Exposed.D．Welcoming.（4）WhatadvicewouldPatelgivetoCharbonierifasked？A．Givingupdrinkingcompletely.B．Drinkingmodestlyeveryday.C．Reducingdrinkingstepbystep.D．Seekinghelpfromherfriends.3．（10分）Everlookedatthedirtysmogcausedbyairpollutionandthought，"Hey，thiscouldbeart？"Soundssilly，right？ButwithAir﹣Ink，thesillyisbecomingareality，inaprocessthatturnsairpollutionintoink.AnirudhSharma，thenagraduatestudentofMIT，noticedawallblackenedbycarexhaust（尾氣）duringhisstudiesonatriptoIndiain2012.Hesawpotentialinthepollution.SohebeganworkingontheideawithhiscolleaguesandsetupGravikyLabs."Ourgoalistocollectandtransformthetinyparticulatematter，knownasPM2.5whichresultsfromburningfuels，intohighgradeinksthateveryonecanuseandexpressthemselveswiththroughartorwriting."ThetrialanderrorofattachingequipmenttocarsforcollectingPM2.5ledtotheinventionofKAALINK，asmalldevicethatcanbefixedtoexhaustpipes（排氣管）.Thisdevicecancollect95percentofPM2.5intheexhaustwithoutanynegativeeffectonengineperformance.Thentheparticulatematterispurified，groundtoastandardsize，andliquefied（液化）inaGravikyLabsprocess.Theresultisaheavilycolored，free﹣flowing"Air﹣Ink，"whichcanbeloadedintoourdailyusedpensandprinters.TheAir﹣Inkideahasbeenattractingincreasingpublicattention.AnumberofIndiancompanieshavecontactedGravikyLabstodealwithPM2.5thatotherwisecouldendupinariverorreachourlungs.Singapore﹣basedTigerBeerpartneredwithGravikyLabsforanartcampaign，makingAir﹣InkavailabletoartistsinmorecitiessuchasHongKong，BerlinandLondon.Since2016，GravikyLabshascleaned1.6trillionlitersofairandproducedmorethan1，200litersofAir﹣Ink.Withmoredoubtstobeatandsupporttowin，andmoreAir﹣Inkavailableinmarket，Sharmaandhiscolleaguewouldbeabletobreathealittleeasier.Andsowouldwe.（1）WhatdidAnirudhSharmaintendtodo？A．Toentertheartfield.B．Tobeagreatinventor.C．Toapplypollutedair.D．Tostopburningfuels.（2）WhatisthefunctionofKAALINK？A．ItliquefiesPM2.5intheair.B．Itprovidescarswithpower.C．ItarrestsPM2.5inexhaust.D．Itprotectsthecarengine.（3）WhydoestheauthormentionTigerBeerinparagraph4？A．Topresentanexample.B．Tobeatadoubt.C．Tostresstheopinion.D．Toeasethetone.（4）Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext？A．SmarterCarbonFootprints，EasierBreathCare.B．MoreAir﹣InkonPages，LessPollutionintheAir.C．BraverTrialsinInk，StrongerExpressionsinArt.D．MoreHigh﹣techSupport，F(xiàn)ewerPrintingBarriers.4．（10分）Nilecrocodilesareuniquelysensitivetothecriesofpainfulprimate（靈長類）babies，accordingtoanewstudy—andthemoreanxiousthecry，themoreinterestedtheybecome.Tomakethefind，NicolasGrimault，ascientistattheUniversityofLyon，andhiscolleaguesvisitedazooinMorocco，whichhousesmorethan300Nilecrocodiles.Theresearcherssetuploudspeakersalongsidefourpondswhere，ateach，asmanyas25crocodilessunbathedonredrocks.Thespeakersplayedaseriesofcriesexpressingvaryinglevelsofpainfromprimatebabies.Thecrieswererecordedindifferentsituationstofindoutwhichaspectsofthevoicesinterestthecrocodilesmost.Manyofthecrocodiles，maleandfemale，respondedtothecriesbysuddenlyturningtheirheads，seekingoutthesourceofthesound，rapidlyapproachingtheloudspeakerandsometimesevenbitingit.Oneindividualevenshowedprotectivebehaviorbypositioninginfrontofthespeakerasiftodefenditfromothers.Interestingly，theirresponsedependedonthecharacteristicsofthecriestheyheard：crocodilesweremorelikelytoreacttorecordingswithacoustic（聲音的）featurescloselyrelatedtoveryupsetbabies，suchassuddenchangesanddisharmonyinfrequency，smoothnessandtones.Whentheresearchersaskedhumanvolunteers，allofwhomhadexperiencewithhumanbabies，tolistentothesamerecordedcriesandestimatethelevelofpain，theparticipantsuseddifferentfeaturesthanthecrocodilesdidtoevaluatethesounds，basingtheirdecisionslargelyonthepitchofthecries—howhighorlowasoundis.Butitvariesamongindividualsandacrocodilesspecies.Thatmakesitlessreliableandaccuratethanthealternativeacousticcluespickeduponbycrocodiles.Thefindingsofthestudyraisethepossibilitythatemotionmaybecommunicatedacrocodilesspecieslinesinmorewaysthanscientiststhought.AsGrimaultputsit，"Ifcrocodilescandoit，probablymanyotheranimalscandoit，too."（1）Whyarethecriescollectedfromdifferentsituationsplayed？A．Todiscoverwhichcrocodilesaresmart.B．Toidentifywhatappealstocrocodiles.C．Todevelophowtoprotectcrocodiles.D．Torecordwhencrocodilesinteract.（2）Howdomostofthecrocodilesrespondtobaby'cries？A．Guardingthespeakers.B．Sunbathingontherocks.C．Attackingothercrocodiles.D．Movingtowardsthesound.（3）Whichofthefollowingbelongsto"alternativeacousticclues"inparagraph3？A．Thevolumeofsound.B．Thesourceofthecries.C．Theevennessoftone.D．Thepitchofthevoice.（4）WhichstatementwouldGrimaultprobablyagreewith？A．Humansaresensitivetovoicesofotherspecies.B．Emotionsmaybesharedbeyondspeciesborders.C．crocodilestendtobefriendlytobabiesofanyspecies.D．crocodiles﹣speciescommunicationisanunfadingskill.第二節(jié)（滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中，選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。5．（12.5分）Wisdomteethwon'tmakeyousmarter.（1）Theseteethareintheverybackofyourmouth，twoontopandtwoonthebottomaspartofacompletesetof32adultteeth.Wisdomteethoftencauseproblemsduetotheirlateeruptionandlimitedspaceinjaws.Asaresult，theymaybecomeimpacted，meaningtheyareunabletofullyemergefromthegums（牙齦）.Thisimpactioncangiverisetovariousissues，includingpainandcrowdingofnearbyteeth.（2）.Beforethesurgery，dentistswillcarefullyevaluateyourspecificsituationtodeterminethemostappropriateapproach.Duringtheprocedure，dentistswillnumb（麻醉）yourgumtoensureminimalpain.（3）Afterthat，they'llcleantheareaandpackitwithcottontostopbleeding.（4）Everyonerespondsdifferently.Ingeneral，youcanexpectmilddiscomfort，slightbleeding，facialswelling（腫），andothercommoncomplicationsfollowingthesurgery，asyourmouthneedsafewweekstocompletelyrecover.Herearesometipsforproperhealing.Leavecottoninplaceforabout30minutesandholdacoldpackagainstyourjawtoreducepainimmediatelyaftersurgery.Forthefollowingdays，don'tconsumehardspicyfoodlikenutsandpeppers.（5）Thatway，yourteethwon'thurtwhenyoueatandfoodbitswon'tgetstuckinyourmouth.A.Howlongdoesthesurgeryusuallylast？B.Sticktosoftfoodorliquiddietsinstead.C.Mildsaltwaterisgoodformouthwounds.D.Whathappensafterwisdomteethremoval？E.Theywillthenusetoolstoloosenthetoothandpullitout.F.They'recalledthatbecausetheyusuallycomeinwhenyougetolder.G.Topreventoraddresstheseproblems，manydentistsdecideonwisdomteethremoval.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)。滿分30分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。6．（15分）MillionsofpetsgomissingeachyearintheU.S，leavingpetownerswithslimchancesofreunion.AKansaswomanCarolHolmesexperiencedthis（1）whenshelastsawhercat，Bob，tenyearsago.However，anemail（2）inHolmes'inboxlastmonthfromavet（獸醫(yī)）inNorthCarolina，sayingthatBobhadbeen（3）.Beforereachingthevet'soffice，Bobhad（4）1，200milestoacouple'sfrontyard.Theybroughthimtoalocalanimalhospitalwherehismicrochip（微芯片）（5）Holmes'information.Thenewswasvery（6）toHolmes，asitcameonthebirthdayofherlatefather，afterwhomthecatBobwasnamed.Shebelieveditwasamessagefrom（7）.Thecouple（8）agreedtotakecareofthecatuntilitcouldreturntoKansas.However，forHolmeswhowasina（9）economy，transportingacatover1，200mileswas（10）.Sheturnedtohercommunityfor（11）.Catloversacrossthecountryenthusiasticallycametoheraid.Injustamatterofdays，a（12）forBob'sreturninghomewasmade.Holmeswas（13）forallofthese."It's（14）thattheywoulddosomuchforme，"shesaid."The（15）willbelikeadream.We'resoblessed."（1）A．heartacheB．mistakeC．illnessD．failure（2）A．filledB．a(chǎn)ppearedC．remainedD．existed（3）A．foundB．a(chǎn)cceptedC．soldD．raised（4）A．measuredB．racedC．escapedD．traveled（5）A．revealedB．predictedC．recognizedD．received（6）A．specificB．significantC．reliableD．strange（7）A．nowhereB．heavenC．societyD．nature（8）A．hesitantlyB．immediatelyC．carefullyD．generously（9）A．healthyB．dynamicC．falseD．tough（10）A．a(chǎn)ppealingB．rewardingC．challengingD．surprising（11）A．a(chǎn)daptationB．a(chǎn)pprovalC．a(chǎn)ssistanceD．a(chǎn)rrangement（12）A．dealB．giftC．requestD．plan（13）A．a(chǎn)nxiousB．desperateC．gratefulD．responsible（14）A．beyondallexpectationsB．tomysatisfactionC．outofthankfulnessD．withoutanydoubt（15）A．programB．reunionC．a(chǎn)dventureD．situation第二節(jié)（滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號單詞的正確形式。7．（15分）TheGiantWildGoosePagoda（大雁塔），（1）（situate）inDaCi'enTemple，Xi'an，isoneofthefamousBuddhistpagodasinChina.AlthoughitfellintodisrepairaftertheTangDynasty，someofitshallssurvivedand（2）（reconstruct）duringtheMingDynasty.In652AD，MasterXuanZangproposedbuildingapagodatostorescriptures（經(jīng)文）andstatueshe（3）（bring）fromIndia.Heevendesignedthepagodahimself.Legendhas（4）thatitsname，WildGoosePagoda，comesfromastoryofwildgeeseprovidingfoodformonksinIndia.Thereisafamouspaintinginside，"XuanZangonHisWayBacktoChang'an."Withapairofstrawsandals（草鞋）onhisfeet，XuanZangcarries（5）（roll）ofBuddhistscriptures（6）hisback，makinghiswaybackto（7）capitalwitheagerexpectations.IntheTangDynasty，manyofficialswrotepoemsonthewallsofthepagodatoexpresstheir（8）（happy）andwishfuturesuccess.XuanZangspent12years（9）（translate）1，335volumesofBuddhistscriptures.EmperorTaiZongandCrownPrinceLiZhiwrotetextspraisinghiswork，（10）arestilldisplayedatthepagoda'ssouthgate.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）8．（15分）假定你是李華，你的朋友Mark即將大學(xué)畢業(yè)，想要來中國就業(yè)，請你推薦一個城市。你給他寫郵件，內(nèi)容包括：（1）推薦城市；（2）推薦理由；（3）你的祝愿。注意：（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearMark，Bestwishes.Yours，LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。9．（25分）Uptotheageoften，Ididnotmindatall.Myparentsworkedveryhardatensuringthateverythingseemedpleasantforme.IhavetoadmitthatIhadaverypeacefulchildhoodandImostlyignoredthefactthatmyeldersisterwasdifferent.Thechildpsychologisthadtermeditas"AspergerSyndrome."Thisdiagnosis（診斷）turnedmyparentsworldupsidedown—buttheyneverletitaffectme.ItwasonlyattheageoftenthatIstartedtonoticethedifferences，andbecomeconsciousofmysociallifeandself﹣imagethatIhadcarefullybuilt.Mysister，ontheotherhand，wassociallyawkward.Shecouldnotlookatpeopleintheeye.Shewouldwhispertoherselfandrepeatthewordsshehadjustsaidunderherbreath.She，however，wasacademicallycapable，andhenceweattendedthesameprimaryschool.Despitethis，Inever，everacknowledgedinpublicthatshewasmysister.Therewasoneincident，however，justtwoyearsago，thatremainsimpressedinmyconsciousness.ItwastheincidentthatchangedhowIviewedmysister.Itwastheincidentthatchangedme.Mysisterwastheninprimarysix，abouttograduate.Sheandherclassmateshadtoputupaperformance，whetherinagroup，orindividually.Duetoherinabilitytocommunicate，mysisterwastheonlyoneleftwithoutagroup.Theschoolhadmadeitamustforeveryonetoputupanitem，somysisterhadtoperformindividually."I'llsing，"mysistertoldmyparents，somewhatconfidently.Hearingthat，Iwascompletelyshocked.Shewouldembarrassme，onewayoranother."No!"Irememberprotesting.MyparentsshotmealookandthatwaswhenIknewmysisterwasgoingtoperform，nomatterwhat；andIwasgoingtobepartoftheaudiencewatchingher.注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Sooncamethedayoftheperformance，andmysisterdidtheonlysolo.Wrappedinbothguiltandjoy，Iwenttothebackstagetofindmysister.

2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市寶安區(qū)高三（上）調(diào)研英語試卷（10月份）參考答案與試題解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。1．【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)HomeyandLovelyDowntownCondoNexttoCNTower部分Completelyprivatespace.Theentireunitisyourstoenjoy.Thereisn'tanyoneelsetosharethespacewithyou.（完全私人空間。整個單元都是你的享受。沒有其他人可以與您共享空間。）再根據(jù)ComfyBedroom+StunningView?Downtown!部分Thisaccommodationconsistsofabedroomwithaprivatebathroom—youwillbealsoabletousethekitchenandlivingroom（shared），plusalltheapartmentfacilities.（這間住宿包括一間帶私人浴室的臥室，您還可以使用廚房和客廳（共享），以及所有公寓設(shè)施。）可知，在空間分享方面二者是不同的。故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HomeyandLovelyDowntownCondoNexttoCNTower部分2guests*studio*1bed*1bathDirectlylocatedinfrontoftheCNTower，Ripley'sAquariumandRogersCenter，minutesawayfromUnionStation（2位客人*工作室*1張床*1個浴缸；直接位于CNTower、Ripley'sAquarium和RogersCenter前，距離聯(lián)合車站有幾分鐘路程）可知，需要一個靠近地標(biāo)的一對夫婦最有可能成為Duan的客人。故選D。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)右側(cè)的價格表可知，Attilio的兩人房間總價是8016元；而Duan的兩人房間總價是11318元，所以，在價格方面Attilio有優(yōu)勢。故選B。2．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Lastyear，shetemporarilygaveupalcoholtoloseafewpoundsandwashorrifiedbythewithdrawalsymptoms：strongdesiresforalcohol，heightenedanxiety，andtremblinghandssometimes."Iwascompletelyshocked，"shesays."Ididn'tthinkIhadanaddictionuntilthen."（去年，她為了減掉幾磅體重而暫時戒酒，并被戒斷癥狀嚇壞了：對酒精的強(qiáng)烈渴望，焦慮加劇，有時手會發(fā)抖。"我完全震驚了，"她說。"直到那時我才覺得自己上癮了。"）可知文章中提到的Charbonier嗜酒的原因是她對酒精的危險性一無所知。故答案為D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段Lastyear，shetemporarilygaveupalcoholtoloseafewpoundsandwashorrifiedbythewithdrawalsymptoms：strongdesiresforalcohol，heightenedanxiety，andtremblinghandssometimes.（去年，她為了減掉幾磅體重而暫時戒酒，并被戒斷癥狀嚇壞了：對酒精的強(qiáng)烈渴望，焦慮加劇，有時手會發(fā)抖。）可知感到非常緊張是癮君子的戒斷癥狀。故答案為A。（3）猜測詞義題。根據(jù)文章第五段Comparedwithmen，womenwhodrinkaremoresusceptibletoitsnegativeeffects.Expertspointoutthatwomen'sbodycomposition，whichhasmorefattytissueandlesswaterthanmenofsimilarweight，leadstohigherblood﹣alcoholconcentration.Therefore，womenwhodrinkwilldevelopagreaternumberofmedicalproblemsatmuchloweralcohollevelsthanmen.（與男性相比，飲酒的女性更容易受到其負(fù)面影響。專家指出，女性的身體成分比同等體重的男性脂肪組織多，水分少，導(dǎo)致血液酒精濃度較高。因此，飲酒的女性在酒精含量比男性低得多的情況下會出現(xiàn)更多的醫(yī)療問題。）可知劃線詞的意思是"易受影響的"。A．Emotional.情緒化的；B．Adaptable.適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的；C．Exposed.無遮蔽的，易受影響的；D．Welcoming.歡迎的。故答案為C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Federalguidelinesrecommendthatwomenconsumenomorethanfiveounces（盎司）ofwineaday.Butfromahealthperspective，less—actuallynone—isabettertarget，Patelsays.（聯(lián)邦指南建議女性每天飲酒不超過5盎司。但是從健康的角度來看，更少﹣﹣﹣實(shí)際上沒有﹣﹣﹣是一個更好的目標(biāo)，帕特爾說。）可知帕特爾建議Charbonier徹底戒酒。故答案為A。3．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AnirudhSharma，thenagraduatestudentofMIT，noticedawallblackenedbycarexhaust（尾氣）duringhisstudiesonatriptoIndiain2012.Hesawpotentialinthepollution.SohebeganworkingontheideawithhiscolleaguesandsetupGravikyLabs."Ourgoalistocollectandtransformthetinyparticulatematter，knownasPM2.5whichresultsfromburningfuels，intohighgradeinksthateveryonecanuseandexpressthemselveswiththroughartorwriting."（2012年，時任麻省理工學(xué)院研究生的AnirudhSharma在印度旅行時注意到一堵被汽車尾氣熏黑的墻。他看到了污染的潛力。因此，他開始與同事們一起研究這個想法，并成立了引力實(shí)驗(yàn)室。"我們的目標(biāo)是收集燃料燃燒產(chǎn)生的微小顆粒物PM2.5，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為高級墨水，每個人都可以通過藝術(shù)或?qū)懽鱽硎褂煤捅磉_(dá)自己。"）可知，阿尼魯?shù)?夏爾馬打算使用受污染的空氣。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Thisdevicecancollect95percentofPM2.5intheexhaustwithoutanynegativeeffectonengineperformance.（該設(shè)備可以收集廢氣中95%的PM2.5，而不會對發(fā)動機(jī)性能產(chǎn)生任何負(fù)面影響。）可知，KAALINK的作用是抑制廢氣中的PM2.5。故選C。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段TheAir﹣Inkideahasbeenattractingincreasingpublicattention.AnumberofIndiancompanieshavecontactedGravikyLabstodealwithPM2.5thatotherwisecouldendupinariverorreachourlungs.Singapore﹣basedTigerBeerpartneredwithGravikyLabsforanartcampaign，makingAir﹣InkavailabletoartistsinmorecitiessuchasHongKong，BerlinandLondon.（空氣墨水的想法已經(jīng)吸引了越來越多的公眾關(guān)注。許多印度公司已經(jīng)聯(lián)系了Graviky實(shí)驗(yàn)室來處理PM2.5，否則PM2.5可能會流入河流或進(jìn)入我們的肺部。新加坡的老虎啤酒與GravyLabs合作開展藝術(shù)活動，為香港、柏林和倫敦等更多城市的藝術(shù)家提供Air﹣Ink。）可知，作者在第4段中提到老虎啤酒就是為了舉例說明。故選A。（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)全文和第一段Everlookedatthedirtysmogcausedbyairpollutionandthought，"Hey，thiscouldbeart？"Soundssilly，right？ButwithAir﹣Ink，thesillyisbecomingareality，inaprocessthatturnsairpollutionintoink.（有沒有看到空氣污染造成的臟霧霾，心想："嘿，這可能是藝術(shù)？"聽起來很傻，對吧？但有了空氣墨水，在一個將空氣污染轉(zhuǎn)化為墨水的過程中，愚蠢的事情正在成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。）可知，文章主要介紹了文章主要介紹了一種名為Air﹣Ink的新型墨水，這種墨水是由空氣污染物轉(zhuǎn)化而來的。MoreAir﹣InkonPages，LessPollutionintheAir.（頁面上的空氣墨水越多，空氣污染就越少。）是最合適的標(biāo)題。故選B。4．【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Theresearcherssetuploudspeakersalongsidefourpondswhere，ateach，asmanyas25crocodilessunbathedonredrocks.Thespeakersplayedaseriesofcriesexpressingvaryinglevelsofpainfromprimatebabies.ThecrieswererecordedindifferentsituationstofindoutwhichaspectsofthevoicesinteresttheCrossmost.（研究人員播放了一系列靈長類動物嬰兒的哭聲，表達(dá)了不同程度的疼痛。在不同的情況下，哭聲被記錄下來，以找出聲音的哪些方面最讓十字架感興趣。）可知播放從不同情境中收集的哭聲是為了找出什么能吸引鱷魚。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Manyofthecrocodiles，maleandfemale，respondedtothecriesbysuddenlyturningtheirheads，seekingoutthesourceofthesound，rapidlyapproachingtheloudspeakerandsometimesevenbitingit.（許多鱷魚，無論雄性還是雌性，都會突然轉(zhuǎn)過頭來尋找聲音的來源，迅速靠近揚(yáng)聲器，有時甚至?xí)＃┛芍蠖鄶?shù)鱷魚對嬰兒的哭聲的反應(yīng)是向著聲音移動。故選D。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Interestingly，theirresponsedependedonthecharacteristicsofthecriestheyheard：crocodilesweremorelikelytoreacttorecordingswithacoustic（聲音的）featurescloselyrelatedtoveryupsetbabies，suchassuddenchangesanddisharmonyinfrequency，smoothnessandtones.（有趣的是，它們的反應(yīng)取決于它們聽到的哭聲的特征：鱷魚更有可能對與非常不安的嬰兒密切相關(guān)的聲學(xué)特征的錄音做出反應(yīng)，比如頻率、平滑度和音調(diào)的突然變化和不和諧。）再根據(jù)第四三段Thatmakesitlessreliableandaccuratethanthealternativeacousticcluespickeduponbycrocodiles.（這使得它的可靠性和準(zhǔn)確性比不上鱷魚捕捉到的其他聲學(xué)線索。）可知"Theevennessoftone聲音的平滑度"屬于第三段的"另類聲學(xué)線索"。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Thefindingsofthestudyraisethepossibilitythatemotionmaybecommunicatedacrocodilesspecieslinesinmorewaysthanscientiststhought.AsGrimaultputsit，"Ifcrocodilescandoit，probablymanyotheranimalscandoit，too."（這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)提出了一種可能性，即鱷魚物種之間的情感交流方式可能比科學(xué)家們想象的要多。正如格里諾所說，"如果鱷魚能做到這一點(diǎn)，可能許多其他動物也能做到。"）可知格里諾可能會同意的是：情感可以跨越物種邊界共享。故選B。第二節(jié)（滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中，選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。5．【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Wisdomteethwon'tmakeyousmarter（智齒不會讓你更聰明），可知表示"它們之所以這么叫，是因?yàn)樗鼈兺ǔＴ谀汩L大后出現(xiàn)"的選項F可以承接前文，介紹智齒這個名字的由來，故選F。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Thisimpactioncangiverisetovariousissues，includingpainandcrowdingofnearbyteeth（這種嵌塞會引起各種問題，包括疼痛和附近牙齒擁擠），可知表示"為了預(yù)防或解決這些問題，許多牙醫(yī)決定摘除智齒"的選項G可以承接前文，介紹預(yù)防或解決嵌塞會引起各種問題的方法，故選G。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Duringtheprocedure，dentistswillnumb（麻醉）yourgumtoensureminimalpain（在手術(shù)過程中，牙醫(yī)會麻醉你的牙齦，以確保最小的疼痛）；以及后句Afterthat，they'llcleantheareaandpackitwithcottontostopbleeding（之后，他們會清潔這個區(qū)域，并用棉花包起來止血），可知表示"然后他們將使用工具松開牙齒并將其拔出"的選項E符合語境，介紹拔牙的過程，故選E。（4）主題判斷題。根據(jù)后文Everyonerespondsdifferently.Ingeneral，youcanexpectmilddiscomfort，slightbleeding，facialswelling（腫），andothercommoncomplicationsfollowingthesurgery，asyourmouthneedsafewweekstocompletelyrecover（每個人的反應(yīng)都不一樣。一般來說，你可能會感到輕微的不適、輕微的出血、面部腫脹，以及手術(shù)后的其他常見并發(fā)癥，因?yàn)槟愕目谇恍枰獛字艿臅r間才能完全恢復(fù)），可知表示"智齒拔除后會發(fā)生什么？"的選項D可以反映本段的主題，介紹智齒拔除后會出現(xiàn)的情況，故選D。（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Forthefollowingdays，don'tconsumehardspicyfoodlikenutsandpeppers（在接下來的幾天里，不要吃堅果和辣椒等辛辣食物），可知表示"堅持軟性食物或流質(zhì)飲食"的選項B可以承接前文，強(qiáng)調(diào)拔牙后要吃軟性食物或流質(zhì)飲食，故選B。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)。滿分30分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。6．【解答】（1）考查名詞及語境理解。A．heartache頭痛；B．mistake錯誤；C．illness疾病；D．failure失敗。根據(jù)上句MillionsofpetsgomissingeachyearintheU.S，leavingpetownerswithslimchancesofreunion.可知在美國，每年有數(shù)百萬只寵物失蹤，使得寵物主人團(tuán)聚的機(jī)會渺茫。說明十年前，堪薩斯州的一位婦女卡羅爾?霍姆斯最后一次見到她的貓鮑勃時，也經(jīng)歷過這種頭痛。故答案為A。（2）考查動詞及語境理解。A．filled填充；B．a(chǎn)ppeared出現(xiàn)；C．remained仍然是；D．existed存在。根據(jù)空后inHolmes'inboxlastmonthfromavet（獸醫(yī)）inNorthCarolina，sayingthatBobhadbeen（3）.可知然而，上個月霍姆斯的收件箱里出現(xiàn)了一封來自北卡羅來納州一名獸醫(yī)的電子郵件，稱鮑勃已經(jīng)被找到。故答案為B。（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A．found找到；B．a(chǎn)ccepted接受；C．sold賣；D．raised提升。根據(jù)后文Injustamatterofdays，a（12）forBob'sreturninghomewasmade可知僅僅幾天時間，鮑勃回家的計劃就制定好了。說明鮑勃已經(jīng)被找到。故答案為A。（4）考查動詞及語境理解。A．measured測量；B．raced跑步；C．escaped逃跑；D．traveled旅游，走動。根據(jù)空后1，200milestoacouple'sfrontyard可知鮑勃跋涉了1200英里來到一對夫婦的前院。故答案為D。（5）考查動詞及語境理解。A．revealed揭露，顯示；B．predicted預(yù)測；C．recognized識別；D．received接收。根據(jù)空后Holmes'information.可知他們把他帶到了當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患覄游镝t(yī)院，在那里他的微芯片顯示了福爾摩斯的信息。故答案為A。（6）考查形容詞及語境理解。A．specific具體的；B．significant重要的；C．reliable可靠的；D．strange故奇怪的。根據(jù)下句asitcameonthebirthdayofherlatefather，afterwhomthecatBobwasnamed可知因?yàn)樗l(fā)生在她已故父親的生日，這只貓就是以他的名字命名的。說明這個消息對福爾摩斯來說非常重要，故答案為B。（7）考查副詞和名詞及語境理解。A．nowhere不在任何地方；B．heaven天堂；C．society社會；D．nature自然。根據(jù)上句asitcameonthebirthdayofherlatefather，afterwhomthecatBobwasnamed可知因?yàn)樗l(fā)生在她已故父親的生日，這只貓就是以他的名字命名的。說明她相信這是來自天堂的信息。故答案為B。（8）考查副詞及語境理解。A．hesitantly猶豫地；B．immediately立刻；C．carefully小心地；D．generously大方地。根據(jù)空后agreedtotakecareofthecatuntilitcouldreturntoKansas可知這對夫婦慷慨地同意照顧這只貓，直到它能回到堪薩斯州。故答案為D。（9）考查形容詞及語境理解。A．healthy健康的；B．dynamic動態(tài)的；C．false錯誤的；D．tough艱難的。根據(jù)后文Sheturnedtohercommunityfor（11）.可知她向她的社區(qū)求助。說明當(dāng)時的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況非常艱難。故答案為D。（10）考查形容詞及語境理解。A．a(chǎn)ppealing有吸引力的；B．rewarding有獎勵的；C．challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D．surprising令人驚訝的。根據(jù)上句However，forHolmeswhowasina（9）economy可知然而，對于經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的霍姆斯來說，運(yùn)送一只貓超過1200英里是一項挑戰(zhàn)。故答案為C。（11）考查名詞及語境理解。A．a(chǎn)daptation適應(yīng)；B．a(chǎn)pproval同意；C．a(chǎn)ssistance幫助；D．a(chǎn)rrangement安排。根據(jù)下句Catloversacrossthecountryenthusiasticallycametoheraid可知全國的愛貓人士都熱情地來幫助她，說明她向她的社區(qū)求助。故答案為C。（12）考查名詞及語境理解。A．deal交易；B．gift禮物；C．request要求；D．plan計劃。根據(jù)空后forBob'sreturninghomewasmade可知僅僅幾天時間，鮑勃回家的計劃就制定好了。故答案為D。（13）考查形容詞及語境理解。A．a(chǎn)nxious焦慮的；B．desperate絕望的；C．grateful感激的；D．responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)前文Catloversacrossthecountryenthusiasticallycametoheraid可知全國的愛貓人士都熱情地來幫助她，說明她對所有幫助她的人都非常感激。故答案為C。（14）考查介詞短語及語境理解。A．beyondallexpectations出乎意料；B．tomysatisfaction令我滿意的是；C．outofthankfulness出于感激；D．withoutanydoubt毫無疑問。根據(jù)常識和下句theywoulddosomuchforme可知出乎所有人的意料，他