專題01被動(dòng)語態(tài)【理論回顧】一、主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.英語共有兩種語態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。二者都是用來說明與之間的邏輯關(guān)系。2.主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)說明主語是動(dòng)作的。二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/doesam/is/are+done一般過去時(shí)didwas/were+done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+doingam/is/are+過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+doingwas/were+一般將來時(shí)shall/will+be/doshall/will++done過去將來時(shí)would+be/dowould++done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+donehave/has++done過去完成時(shí)had+donehad++done三、主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換Wevisitedthatfactorylastsummer.主動(dòng)語態(tài)主語謂語賓語狀語Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer.被動(dòng)語態(tài)主語謂語賓語狀語四、被動(dòng)語態(tài)條件1.語義的需要：當(dāng)不知道或沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：Thefrontwindowintheclassroomwasbrokenyesterday.(不知誰打破的)Theyhavebeenpoorlypaid.他們的工資太低。(沒必要指出工資是誰付的)2.強(qiáng)調(diào)的需要：突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Thesebooksarewrittenespeciallyforchildren.(強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“這些書”)3.交際的需要：為了使語言得體或圓滑等不愿意說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：Youarerequestedtomakeaspeechatnextmeeting.請(qǐng)您在下次會(huì)議上作個(gè)發(fā)言。Itissaidthatsheisgoingtobemarriedtoaforeigner.據(jù)說她要嫁給一個(gè)外國人。五、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)主動(dòng)句中的主語為people,we，you,they等含糊表示“人們”、“大家”的單詞，變主動(dòng)句時(shí)，通常刪除by，但原主語被強(qiáng)調(diào)者除外。含有雙賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語的句子，每個(gè)賓語都可變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。但多以間接賓語作主語?！鞠胍幌搿坑⒄Z中在哪些情況下會(huì)用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義？【練一練】判斷主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句1.Hehasfinishedthework.

2.ManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.3.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.

4.

Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.將以下主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries.

2.Webuiltthisbridgelastyear.

3.XiaoLiuhasinvitedyoutoalunchparty.

4.Youmustnottakethesemagazinesoutofthereading-room.

5.Theygavehimamedalforhiswonderfulwork.

選擇題(

)1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;built

B.Was;built

C.Does;build

D.Did;build(

)2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappened

B.washappened

C.ishappened

D.happened(

)3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrown

B.aregrown

C.grows

D.grow(

)4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.isvisited

B.willbevisited

C.hasbeenvisited

D.wasvisited

(

)5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgiven

B.hasbeengiven

C.willbegiven

D.gives

(

)6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplanted

B.willplant

C.havebeenplanted

D.Planted

(

)7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoing

B.arebeingdone

C.hasbeendone

D.willbedone

(

)8.--When___thiskindofcomputers______?--Lastyear.A.did;use

B.was;used

C.is;used

D.are;used(

)9.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knows

B.knew

C.isknown

D.wasknown

(

)10.Who_____thisbook_____?

A.did;written

B.was;writtenby

C.did;written

D.was;written用正確的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)填空1.Nearlyeverybodyhere

（know）whentheoldmuseum

（build）.2.Thebuildingcan

（see）fromeverypartofthecity;It

（build）manyyearsago.3.YesterdayTom

（tell）methathisbike

（break）lastweek.4.Thestudents

often

（tell）totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.5.Nowhe

（be）askedifthemeeting

（hold）nextFriday.6.Itisknowntoallthatthemoon

（turn）roundtheearth.7.MissLioften

（use）arecorderinherEnglishclass.Butshe

（notuse）ittomorrow.8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits

（sell）inthisshop.9.Thepictures（take）byJacktomorrow.10.Thesong

（like）byusalltwentyyearsago.【樂一樂】被動(dòng)語態(tài)順口溜一般現(xiàn)、過用be

done，be有人稱、時(shí)、數(shù)變完成時(shí)態(tài)have

done，被動(dòng)將been加中間一般將來shall

(will)

do，