2024屆全國卷高考考前閱讀專練十七AIvyGranstromIvyGranstromwasbornwithimpairedvision(弱視)andgotaseriousbackinjuryattheageof60duringacaraccident.ShetookpartincoldEnglishBayswimmingeventsfor76yearsandwasthereforesometimesknownastheQueenofthePolarBearSwims.GerryHewsonGerryHewsonwasamemberofAustralianMen’sNationalWheelchairBasketballTeam.Hewonagoldmedalinthe1996SummerParalympics.HecoachedfortheWestSydneyRazorbacksfrom2004to2006.Hewasnamedasalifetimememberinhonoroftheeffortshemadeforwheelchairbasketball.Discussingtheattractionofwheelchairbasketball,hesaid,“Thereisacoatingattheedgeoftherim(輪輞)thatactuallylightsuplikeaspark(火花),anditstaysforabouttwotothreeseconds.Thatisquiteexcitingandgreatfun.”AprilHolmesAprilHolmeslostherleftlegbelowthekneebecauseofatrainaccidentin2001.Rememberingitshesaid,“IhadalifechangingaccidentinJanuary,2001.AndfortunatelyIhavebeenabletogetbacktodoingwhatIlove,andthat’strackandfield.”Throughhardwork,shemaderecordsinthe100,200,and400meterevents.Toliveherlifetoitsfull,shehassetupanonprofit(非營利的)organization,theAprilHolmesFoundation,tohelppeoplewithlearningorphysicaldisabilitieswhilebeingagoodexampleforthem.ShaunaMariaWhyteShaunaMariaWhytewasborninCanadain1967.Shehaswonmanyprizesincrosscountryskiingpetitionssince1975.In1991,duringahorsebackridingpetition,Shaunabrokeherback.Shedidnotgiveintothischangeinherlife,andshestartedusingasitsled(雪橇).1.WhatearnedlvyGranstromgreatfame?A.SkiingB.Swimming.C.BasketballD.Trackandfield2.AccordingtoGerryHewson,whydidhelovethesportshewasdoing?A.Itgavehimajobasacoach.B.Itwonhimseveralmedals.C.Itbroughthimexcitement.D.Itstrengthenedhisphysicalabilities.3.Whosetupanorganizationtoencouragepeople?A.IvyGranstrom. B.GerryHewson.C.AprilHolmes. D.ShaunaMariaWhyte.BWhenIcrossedasmallroadonmyfirstdayinKolkata,IwassurprisedbecauseIheardabellnotahorn.Itwasatinymanpullingarickshaw（人力車）.Hestoppedandpickeduptwochildrenfromthefrontdooroftheirhouseandpulledthemtoschool.Formanypeople,therickshawinKolkatahasmanyadvantages.Whenthetrafficisbad,rickshawsfindawaythroughthetraffic.Ifyoumissyourbusandtherearen'tanytaxis,youcanalwaysfindarickshawinKolkata.Rickshawsarefromyourhousetothemarketandwaitsforyou.Thenheloadsallyourthings,dropsyouoffoutsideyourhomeandhelpsyouunload.Noothertypeofpublictransportoffersthiskindofservice.FromJunetoSeptember,Kolkatagetsheavyrain.Sometimesitrainsfor48hourswithoutabreak.Insomepartsofthecity,theroadsflood,andanythingwithanengineisuseless.Buttherickshawdriversneverstopworking,evenwithwaterallaroundthem.Butnoteveryonethinksrickshawsareagoodthing.Thelocalgovernmentwanttobanrickshaws.Theybelieveitiswrongforonemantopullanotherpersonwhenthereismoderntransportinthecity.However,thereisaproblemwiththisplan.Manyoftherickshawdriversefromthecountryside.TheonlyjobtheycanfindinKolkataispullingarickshaw.Ifthecitybansrickshaws,thesemenwon'thaveajob.Soforthemoment,thepeopleofKolkatastillgobyrickshaw.4.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph1?A.TherickshawdriverscarrythingsforlocalpeopleinKolkata.B.ParentsneedrickshawsfortakingchildrentoschoolinKolkata.C.RickshawscanfindawaythroughthebadtrafficinKolkata.D.Rickshawsareveryusefulforthepeople'sdailylifeinKolkata.5.WhichofthefollowingtransportmaypeopletakeinKolkatawhentheroadsareflooded?A.Abus.B.Ataxi.C.Arickshaw.D.Acar.6.Theunderlinedword“ban”inparagraph3probablymean_____.A.makeB.forbidC.increaseD.collect7.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.RickshawsarelikedbyeveryoneinKolkata.B.Richshawsareusedmainlywhenitisraining.C.Richshawsdriversaremostlyfromthecountryside.D.RichshawsaretheonlytransportyoucanfindinKolkata.（2019全國卷III）CBeforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter’sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbemonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged—andsomeoftheolderwellknownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublic’sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企業(yè))wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.8.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?A.Academic. B.Unattractive. C.Inexpensive. D.Confidential.9.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?A.Theywouldbepricedhigher. B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.C.Theycouldhavemorereaders. D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.10.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?A.Localpoliticians. B.monpeople.C.Youngpublishers. D.Richbusinessmen.11.Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?A.Itwasadifficultprocess. B.Itwasatemporarysuccess.C.Itwasarobberyofthepoor. D.Itwasadisasterforprinters.DNotwoculturesarethesame.TheAmericanandIndiancultureshaveveryvastdifferencesbetweenthem.WhilethecultureofAmericaisamixtureofdifferentcultures,theIndiancultureisuniqueandhasitsownvalues.OneofthemajordifferencesthatcanbeseenbetweenAmericanandIndianculturesisinfamilyrelations.WhiletheIndiansareverymuchfamilyoriented(以…為導(dǎo)向),theAmericansareindividualoriented.InIndianculture,thefamilyvaluesaremoreimportantthantheindividualvalues.Indiansrespectfamilyvalues.Ontheotherhand,inAmericanculturetheindividualvaluesgetmoreimportancethanthefamilyvalues.Inanothersense,itcanbesaidthattheAmericancultureismoregoalorientedandtheIndiancultureismorepeopleorfamilyoriented.Indiansmayevenforsaketheirindividualwishesandalsohappinessforfamilies.ButinAmericanculture,thiscannotbeseen.UnliketheIndians,theAmericansplanthingsahead.TheAmericansbelieveindominating(統(tǒng)治)natureandcontrollingtheenvironmentaroundthem.Onthecontrary,Indiansbelieveintheharmonywithnature.AnotherdifferencethatcanbeseenbetweenIndiancultureandAmericancultureisthattheIndianslovestability(穩(wěn)定)whiletheAmericanslovemobility(變化).InAmericanculture,onecanseethatindividualsthinkofselfreliance.Ontheotherhand,Indiansaremoredependentonothers.WhilethechildrenintheUSarebroughtuptoliveanindependentlife,thechildreninIndiaarenotbroughtupinthatway.InIndianculture,thereisrespectfortheeldersanditistheywhomakedecisions.ButinAmericanculture,eachindividualmakeshisowndecisions.ingtopetition,IndiansaremorepetitivethantheAmericans.ingtoworknature,theIndiansworkformeetingthefamilyneeds.Onthecontrary,anAmericanwillo