INDUSTRIES

&

MARKETSEatingbehaviorinPolandCHAPTER

01FoodconsumptionHouseholdconsumptionexpenditureonfoodinPolandfrom2009to2021(inmillionzloty)ConsumerspendingonfoodinPoland2009-2021300,000250,000246,671218,711.6198,670.9200,000187,011.5182,322.4170,051.9164,816.7163,199.7162,645.1161,075.1160,182.3153,224.1147,885.6150,000100,00050,000020092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020214Description:TheannualconsumptionexpenditureofhouseholdsonfoodinPolandincreasedby28billionmillionZloty(+12.78percent)in2021.With246.7billionmillionZloty,theannualconsumptionexpenditureofhouseholdstherebyreacheditshighestvalueintheobservedperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2009to2021Source(s):OECDHouseholdconsumptionexpenditureoncateringservicesinPolandfrom2009to2021(inmillionzloty)ConsumerspendingoncateringservicesinPoland2009-202145,00040,00035,00030,00025,00042,40035,884.836,115.132,525.131,349.927,22225,024.423,155.321,343.720,187.318,411.420,00015,00010,0005,000017,775.217,507.620092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020215Description:TheannualconsumptionexpenditureofhouseholdsoncateringservicesinPolandincreasedby4.8billionmillionZloty(+15.2percent)in2021incomparisontothepreviousyear.Intotal,theannualconsumptionexpenditureofhouseholdsamountedto36.1billionmillionZlotyin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2009to2021Source(s):OECDConsumptionofporkpercapitainPolandfrom2005to2022(inkilograms)PercapitapigmeatconsumptioninPoland2005-2022504546.343.442.642.241.44140.33940353025201510538.202005201020152017201820192020202120226Description:ThevolumeofporkconsumptioninPolandfluctuatedduringtheobservedperiod.In2022,theaveragePoleateover46kilogramsofpigmeat,anincreasecomparedtothepreviousyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2005to2022Source(s):CentralStatisticalOfficeofPolandConsumptionofheneggspercapitainPolandfrom2005to2022(inunits)ConsumptionofheneggsinPoland2005-202225021520220016215915615715214414515010050139020052010201520162017201820192020202120227Description:TheconsumptionofheneggspercapitainPolandfluctuatedintheobservedperiod,showingadownwardtrend.In2022,theconsumptionofeggsslightlydecreasedto152unitspercapita.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2005to2022Source(s):CentralStatisticalOfficeofPolandConsumptionofvegetablesandfruitspercapitainPolandfrom2005to2022(inkilograms)ConsumptionofselectedvegetablesandfruitsinPoland2005-2022VegetableFruit1201101061061061051051041041041031031008060402005959585854.1545453534744200520102014201520162017201820192020202120228Description:TheconsumptionoffruitandvegetablesinPolandremainedmoreorlessstableovertheperiodobserved,withvegetableandfruitconsumptionof104kgpercapitaand59kilogramspercapita,respectively,in2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2005to2022Source(s):CentralStatisticalOfficeofPolandConsumptionofsugarpercapitainPolandfrom2005to2022(inkilograms)ConsumptionofsugarinPoland2005-202250454742.942.942.842.342.141.840.540.139.9403530252015105020052010201520162017201820192020202120229Description:TheconsumptionofsugarperoneinhabitantofPolandrecordedanupwardtrendintheobservedperiod.Consumptionincreasedfrom40kilogramspercapitain2005toover42.8kilogramsin2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2005to2022Source(s):CentralStatisticalOfficeofPolandConsumptionofpotatoespercapitainPolandfrom2005to2022(inkilograms)ConsumptionofpotatoesinPoland2005-202214012612011010097961008060402009594.394.894.292200520102015201620172018201920202021202210Description:TheconsumptionofpotatoesperoneinhabitantofPolandrecordedadownwardtrendintheobservedperiod.Consumptiondecreasedfrom126kilogramspercapitain2005toslightlyover94kilogramsin2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2005to2022Source(s):CentralStatisticalOfficeofPolandFrequencyofredmeatconsumptioninPolandfrom2022to2023FrequencyofredmeatconsumptioninPoland2022-20232022202345%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%42%42%37%37%15%15%5%5%0%OnceortwiceamonthOnetothreetimesaweekEverydayNever11Description:In2022and2023,fivepercentofPolesconsumedredmeatdaily,whileoneintworespondentsconsumedredmeatonceortwiceamonth.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2022to2023;18yearsandolder;OnlineuserswhoeatmeatSource(s):ARCRynekiOpinia;medonetChangeintheconsumptionofbasicfoodproductsinPolandbetween2019and2021ChangeintheconsumptionofbasicfoodproductsinPoland2019-2021YoYchange'21

'200%'19-15%Fishandseafood-10%-5%5%10%15%20%25%3.7%-3.6%2.3%Fruit1.8%1.1%2.1%Cheeseandcottagecheese6.7%2.3%-2.2%Eggs-0.5%-2.4%Pastaandpastaproducts5%5.3%-2.4%-2.3%Meat-0.2%-0.5%-2.6%Curedmeatandmeatproducts-1.5%-2.6%-2.8%BreadCreamVegetablesMilk-7.7%-5.4%2.9%-3.8%-3.9%1.4%-5.2%-5.6%6.6%-2.4%-

9%Oilsandfats2.9%12Description:In2021,theconsumptionofsugarinPolandrecordedthemostsignificantdrop,followedbya10.7percentdeclinecomparedtothepreviousyear.Fishandseafoodachievedthehighestincreaseinconsumption.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2019to2021Source(s):CentralStatisticalOfficeofPolandCHAPTER

02EatinghabitsandpreferencesMostpopularcuisinesinPolandin2022PopularcuisinesinPoland2022Shareofrespondents0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%PolishItalian58%52%Chinese/Vietnamese/ThaiAmerican28%10%9%Japanese(sushi)Arabic(kebab)European-MediterraneanMiddleEasternVegetarian7%5%4%3%Indian,HinduMexican3%3%Fastfood2%2%1%VeganEasternEuropean14Description:Nearly60percentofPolishrespondentsindicatedthatPolishcuisinewastheirpreferredchoiceasofFebruary2022.EverysecondconsumerchoseItaliancuisineastheirfavorite.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;February2022;690respondents;Respondentswhoeatoutorordertake-outfoodSource(s):horecanet.pl;PBSTypeofcuisinechosenbyconsumersinPolandin2022,byageTypeofcuisinechoseninPoland2022,byagePolishcuisineItaliancuisine60%50%40%30%20%10%0%57%43%42%40%27%25%21%12%18-29yearsold30-44yearsold45-59yearsold60yearsandolder15Description:AstheageofPoleschanged,sodidtheirculinarychoices.Fortypercentofthosesurveyedbetween18and29yearsoldchoseItaliancuisine,while57percentofthoseaged60andolderoptedforPolishmealsin2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;February2022;690respondents;Respondentswhoeatoutorordertake-outfoodSource(s):horecanet.pl;PBSPurchasesofselectedreadymealsinPolandin2022,bygenderPurchasesofselectedreadymealsinPoland2022,bygenderShareofrespondentsManWoman15%0%5%10%20%25%30%35%40%38%45%50%DelicatessendishesReady-madedinnersetsofferingPolishcuisineSoupsandsoups-creamstobereheatedPreparedsushiinapackage45%19%14%14%12%7%9%16Description:In2022,themostpopularreadymealsinPolandweredelicatessenmeals.Theywerechosenby45percentofwomenand38percentofmen.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;January2022;2122respondents;Purchasesmadeinthelast30daysSource(s):horecanet.pl;PMRShareofindividualsfollowingaweight-lossdietinPolandin2023,bygenderFollowingaweight-lossdietinPoland2023,bygenderMenWomen80%70%60%50%40%30%20%67%49%32%20%13%9%10%0%6%3%Yes,Ifollowaweightlossdietallthe

Yes,Ihavebeenonaweightlossdiet

Yes,Ihaveeverbeenonaweightloss

No,Ihaveneverbeenonaweightlosstime

atleastonceinthelastyear

diet

diet17Description:In2023,20percentmorewomenthanmendecidetogoonaweightlossdiet.Sixpercentofwomenandthreepercentofmenwereonanall-timeweightlossdiet.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2023Source(s):ARCRynekiOpinia;medonetImpactofpriceincreasesontheuseoffoodservicesinPolandin2022ImpactofinflationonfoodservicesinPoland2022Shareofrespondents0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%LimitingvisitstoeatingestablishmentsLimitingtheorderingoftakeout/deliverymealsGivingupbookingtrips66%63%61%18Description:ThemajorityofPolessurveyedin2022havecutbackonvisitstodiningestablishmentsduetorisingprices.Sixty-threepercentofrespondentshavealsocutbackonorderingtakeoutanddeliverymeals.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;May2022;946respondents;Polishadultswhousedfoodservicesin2021Source(s):horecanet.pl;PMRCHAPTER

03DietarysupplementsValueofthedietarysupplementsmarketinPolandfrom2017to2022*(inbillionzloty)ValueofthedietarysupplementsmarketinPoland2017-202298767.76.45.825.855.455.254321020172018201920202021202220Description:ConsumersinPolandin2022spentnearlyeightbillionzlotyonsupplements,whichisonebillionzlotymorethaninthepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2017to2022;*Pharmacyandnon-pharmacysales.Finalprices.ScenarioassumingrelativelyconstantnumberofCOVID-19casesinautumn.Dataforeachyearwascollectedfromseveralsources

ReadmoreSource(s):Money.pl;PMR;RzeczpospolitaShareofpeopletakingdietarysupplementsandvitaminsinPolandin2023ShareofpeopletakingdietarysupplementsandvitaminsinPoland2023Sometimes17.7%Yes39.3%No43%21Description:Nearly40percentofPolesconsumeddietarysupplementsin2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;November18,2022toFabruary7,2023;1000respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):MyBestPharmWhatkindofdietarysupplementsorover-the-counterpreparationsdidyoutakeinthelastyear?TypesoffoodsupplementstakenbyconsumersinPoland2023,bygenderShareofrespondentsMen

Women10%0%20%30%40%50%60%58%70%65%Multivitaminpreparations(duringfatigue,infection,preventively)ToimprovetheconditionofhairandskinToimprovememory,concentration7%33%12%11%6%6%7%ToimprovevisionandvisualcomfortSupportivetoreducebodyweight10%17%Toimprovedigestionorreduceconstipation,bloating,heartburn,etc.Toimprovemoodandwell-being22%12%12%11%Preparationstofacilitatefallingasleep13%6%Preparationstoimprovepotency0%14%13%Otherpreparations22/statistics/1121338/poland-types-of-food-supplements-taken-by-consumersIn2023,asmanyas65percentofmenand58percentofwomeninPolandtookmultivitaminpreparations.Toimprovehairandskincondition,33percentofwomentooksupplements.Sixpercentofmentooksupplementsforimprovingpotency.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2023;OnlineusersSource(s):ARCRynekiOpinia;medonetFrequencyofdietarysupplementsusageinPolandin2023,bygenderFrequencyofsupplementationinPoland2023,bygenderShareofrespondentsMenWomen20%0%5%10%15%25%30%35%40%45%50%17%DailySeveraltimesaweek28%14%14%10%Severaltimesamonth7%6%Onceamonthorless4%7%Yes,butonlyforalimitedperiodInthelastyear,no12%46%36%23Description:Womenusedietarysupplementsmorefrequentlythanmen.In2023,28percentofwomenand17percentofmentooknutritionalsupplementsdaily.Thirty-sixpercentofwomenand46percentofmentooknodietarysupplements.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2023;18yearsandolder;OnlineusersSource(s):ARCRynekiOpinia;medonetConsumerexpectationsofdietarysupplementsinPolandin2022ConsumerexpectationsofdietarysupplementsinPoland2022Shareofrespondents0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%IncreaseimmunityImprovehealth68.8%67%Improveormaintainwell-beingImprovingappearance39.9%37.1%Weightloss13.7%13.7%SupportingtrainingorsportsactivitiesDifficulttosay/Ihavenoexpectations2.2%24Description:Nearlysevenin10Polesexpecteddietarysupplementstoboostimmunityin2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;February2022;1000respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):Medkurier.pl;OSAVICHAPTER

04Meat-freedietPlansformeatreductioninPolandin2021PlanstoreducemeatinPoland2021ShareofrespondentsIagreeIdisagree10%0%20%30%40%38%50%60%22%AnimalhusbandryformeatandmilkproductionshouldbeabandonedMoreanimalsshouldberaisedtomakemeatandmilkcheaper44%27%34%Animalhusbandryshouldbereducedduetoitsenvironmentaland/orclimaticeffects26%46%Inthefuture,animalhusbandryshouldonlybedonewithanimalrights,evenifitincreasesthepriceofmeat18%51%Ionlybuyfree-rangeeggs20%26Description:MorethanhalfofthePolessurveyedstatedtheyboughtonlyfree-rangeeggsin2021.Forty-sixpercentofrespondentsbelievedthatanimalhusbandryshouldbedoneonlywithanimalrightsinthefuture,evenifthiswillincreasemeatprices.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;October2021;1300respondents;15-29Source(s):Fundacjaim.HeinrichaB?llaMostpopularretailchainswhereplant-basedalternativesweremostfrequentlyaddedtotheshoppinglistinPolandin2022Retailchainswhereplant-basedalternativeswereaddedtoshoppinglistPoland2022Shareofappusers0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%45.4%50%BiedronkaLIDL40.3%KauflandAldi3.8%2.6%2.5%1.8%1%NettoCarrefourPoloabka1%Dino0.8%AuchanOther0.4%2.2%27Description:In2022,almosthalfofthePolishrespondentsweremostlikelytobuyplant-basedalternativesinBiedronka.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2022;4.5million*;Blixappusers;*Blix'sowndatacollectedfromshoppers'shoppingplansusingtheappannually.ReadmoreSource(s):blix.pl/Qpony.pl;KantarPolska;MobileInstituteCharacteristicsofpeoplelimitingmeatconsumptioninPolandin2022ShareofpeoplelimitingmeatconsumptioninPoland2022IeatmeatwithoutlimitationIlimiteatingmeat62%Idonoteatmeatingeneral56%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%56%52%50%42%40%38%36%31%8%8%8%7%6%OverallWomanMaleVillageLargecity*28Description:ThemostsignificantproportionofpeoplesurveyedinPolandwhoatemeatwithoutrestrictionweremen(62percent).Forty-twopercentofrespondentswhorestrictedmeatconsumptionin2022wereresidentsoflargecities.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;October2021;1300respondents;15-29;*Populationover500,000ReadmoreSource(s):Fundacjaim.HeinrichaB?llaMotivationtogiveupmeatconsumptionaccordingtovegetariansinPolandin2022MotivationtogiveupmeatconsumptioninPoland2022MenWoman90%83%79%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%64%64%40%38%IfeelsorryfortheanimalsForhealthreasonsBecauseoftheclimate29Description:Poland'smostsignificantnumberofvegetarians(83percentofwomenand64percentofmen)statetheygaveupmeatconsumptionin2021becauseoftheircompassionforanimals.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;October2021;1300respondents;15-29Source(s):Fundacjaim.HeinrichaB?llaChangeintheamountofmeatconsumedbyyoungpeopleinPolandin2022ChangeintheamountofmeatconsumedbyyoungPoles2022Shareofrespondents10%0%5%15%20%25%30%Planningtoreducetheamountofmeatconsumed27%Meat-freediet8%Planningtoswitchtoameat-freediet4%30Description:InPoland,therewasanoticeabletrendrelatedtoreducingorcompletelyabandoningmeatinyoungpeople'sdiets.Accordingtothesource,44percentofrespondentsinPolanddeclaredtoreducemeatconsumptionin2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2022;15-29Source(s):Fundacjaim.HeinrichaB?lla;WirtualneMediaMostpopularplant-basedmeatalternativesbrandsinPolandin2022Top10plant-basedmeatalternativesbrandsinPoland2022Shareofappusers0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%44.7%50%TarczyskiGoVege21.1%Vemondo13.7%DobraKaloriaGardenGourmetOlewnik6%5.2%2.2%2%OneDayMoreZGruntuDobreWellWell1.5%0.8%0.7%2.2%BezMi?snyOther31Description:In2022,almosthalfofthePolishrespondentschoseTarczyskiasatopbrandofplant-basedmeatalternativesthatsurveyedweremostlikelytoaddtotheirshoppinglists.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2022;4.5million*;BlixappusersSource(s):blix.pl/Qpony.pl;KantarPolska;MobileInstituteHowoftendoyouconsumemealsthatarecompletelyvegan,withnoanimalingredients?FrequencyofconusmingveganmealsinPoland202140%35%30%25%20%15%38%28%27%10%5%8%0%Idon'tknow,Idon'tpayattentiontoitRarely(lessthanonceamonth)Sometimes(lessthanonceaweek,atleastonceamonth)Often(atleastonceaweek)32Description:In2021,twothirdsofPolishconsumerswhohappenedtoeatveganfooddidsoatleastonceamonth.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;December17-19,2021;603respondents;18-64years;ConsumerswhohappentoeatveganmealsSource(s):brief.pl;IQS;Pyszne.plWhatisyourattitudetowardveganfood?AttitudestowardveganfoodinPoland202170%60%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%37%3%IdonoteatveganfoodIsometimeseatveganfoodIonlyeatveganfood33Description:In2021,approximatelysixin10Polesconsciouslychooseplant-basedfoods.Threepercentoftherespondentsstatedthattheyconsumedveganfoodonly.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;December17-19,2021;1,000respondents;18-64yearsSource(s):brief.pl;IQS;Pyszne.plHowdoyoureplacemeatinyourdiet?WaystoreplacemeatinthedietinPoland2022Shareofrespondents0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%78%90%Iuseboth,''ready-made'''meatalternativesandlittleprocessedvegetableonesIonlyeatdishesforwhichIdonotneedameatsubstitute(e.g.flourdishes,pasta,groats,ricewithvegetables)40%Iuseonlyminimallyprocessedplantfoods(e.g.lentils,tofu,oystermushrooms,beetslice)17%Iuseonly''ready-mate''meatalternatives,meanttoresembletheminappearanceandtaste(e.g.veganbacon,plant-basedburger,plant-basedgroundmeatetc...)9%34Description:In2022,almost80percentofrespondentsinPolandtoreplacemeatintheirdiethadusedboth''ready-made''meatalternativesandlittleprocessedvegetableones.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;January17-22,2023;1782respondentsSource(s):blix.pl/Qpony.pl;KantarPolska;MobileInstituteDoyouhappentoeatmeatormeatalternativesatleastoccasionally?ShareofpeopleeatingmeatoritsalternativesinPoland202360%56%50%40%30%20%10%0%34%8%2%IonlyeatmeatIeatmeatanditsalternativesIonlyeatmeatalternativesIdonteatmeatoritsalternatives35Description:In2023,morethanhalfofPolishrespondentswereonlyeatingmeat.Atthesametime,34percentofPoleswereeatingmeatanditsalternatives.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;January17-22,2023;1782respondentsSource(s):blix.pl/Qpony.pl;KantarPolska;MobileInstituteCHAPTER

05EatingoutandonlinefooddeliveryRevenueoftheonlinefooddeliverymarketinPolandfrom2018to2027(inmillionU.S.dollars)RevenueoftheonlinefooddeliveryindustryinPoland2018-20272,5002,0001,5001,0005000201820192020202120222023202420252026202737Description:TherevenueintheonlinefooddeliverymarketinPolandwasforecasttocontinuouslyincreasebetween2023and2027byintotal773.6millionU.S.dollars(+62.95percent).Aftertheninthconsecutiveincreasingyear,theindicatorisestimatedtoreach2billionU.S.dollarsandthereforeanewpeakin2027.Notably,therevenueoftheonlinefooddeliverymarketwascontinuouslyincreasingoverthepastyears.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2018to2027Source(s):DigitalMarketInsightsValueofthecateringmarketinPolandfrom2019to2022withforecasttill2027(inbillionzloty)ValueofthecateringmarketinPoland2019-202745403538.1637.4136.3235.2733.9130.283025.8825.525201510522.7020192020202120222023*2024*2025*2026*2027*38Description:ThevalueofthecateringmarketinPolandamountedtonearly30.3billionzlotyin2022.Thecateringmarketisexpectedtogrowsteadilytoreachover38billionzlotyin2027.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2019to2027;*ForecastReadmoreSource(s):StavaNumberofusersofonlinefooddeliveryinPolandfrom2018to2027(inmillions)NumberofusersofonlinefooddeliveryinPoland2018-2027201816141218.9618.4817.6516.2414.1512.4112.0610.13107.78864206.95201820192020202120222023202420252026202739Description:ThenumberofusersintheonlinefooddeliverymarketinPolandwasforecasttocontinuouslyincreasebetween2023and2027byintotal4.8millionusers(+33.92percent).Aftertheninthconsecutiveincreasingyear,theindicatorisestimatedtoreach18.96millionusersandthereforeanewpeakin2027.Notably,thenumberofusersoftheonlinefooddeliverymarketwascontinuouslyincreasingoverthepastyears.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;2018to2027Source(s):DigitalMarketInsightsLeadingfreefooddeliverymobileapplicationsinPolandinAugust2023,bynumberofdownloads(in1,000s)MostpopularfreefooddeliverymobileappsinPoland2023,bydownloadsNumberofdownloadsink40

50

600102030708090100110GlovoPyszne.plPasibus96.2872.733.4633.05WoltInPostFreshUberEatsBoltFoodEverli32.131.9118.773.022.141.99Lieferando.deJustEat40/statistics/1221455/poland-most-downloaded-food-delivery-mobile-appsGlovowasthemostpopularfreemobileappbydownloadsinPolandinAugust2023,whichamountedtoover96thousandoniPhoneandiPadAppStoreandGooglePlay.Pyszne.plfollowedwithapproximately72.7thousanddownloadsthatmonth.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;August2023Source(s):AppMagicMonthlynumberofPyszne.plappdownloadsinPolandfromMarch2022toMarch2023(in1,000s)MonthlyPyszne.pldownloadsinPoland2022-20237064.5960504030201056.8644.6641.6640.943736.4135.8834.8633.7127.0520.6515.96Feb'22Mar'22Apr'22May'22Jun'22Jul'22Aug'22Sep'22Oct'22Nov'22Dec'22Jan'23Feb'2341Description:Overtheperiodoftimeobserved,Pyszne.pldownloadsnumberhasfluctuated,peakingatalmost64thousanddownloadsinMarch2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;March2022toMarch2023Source(s):AppMagicMonthlynumberofGlovoappdownloadsinPolandfromFebruary2022toFebruary2023(in1,000s)MonthlyGlovodownloadsinPoland2022-2023155145135125115144.91139.69135.98131.85129.75124.96121.63110.38110.3102.5610595101.3396.7193.4685Feb'22Mar'22Apr'22May'22Jun'22Jul'22Aug'22Sep'22Oct'22Nov'22Dec'22Jan'23Feb'2342Description:GlovoisafooddeliveryappfoundedinBarcelona,Spainin2015.Overtheperiodoftimeobserved,Glovodownloadsnumberhasfluctuated,peakingat144.91thousanddownloadsinOctober2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Poland;February2022toFebruary2023Source(s):AppMagicCircumstancesoforder