湖南省武廣實驗高中高一七選五專題英語測試(附答案)ManyregionsinChinahaveintroducedCOVID-19vaccination(接種疫苗)amongchildrenaged3to11.Kidsareencouragedtotakeitandtheprojectisprogressing,whichmightbeimportanttostoppingthespreadofthecoronavirus.____1____Whydochildrengetthesamedosage(劑量)asadults?Whenchildrengetsick,theyaregenerallygivenareduceddosage.ManyparentsareworriedthatthesameCOVID-19vaccinedosagewillbeaburdenonthesmallbody.Sothereisneedforproperdoseinchildren.____2____.Theprocessofvaccinestakingeffecthasnorelationwiththeweightandbodysurfaceareaofthereceiver.Infact,forthemajorityofvaccines,therecommendeddosesforbothbabiesandadultsarethesame.Canchildrenhavefullimmunity(免疫力)afterreceivingtheCOVID-19vaccine?Someparentsdoubtwhethervaccinatingchildrenaged3to11canproducethedueimmuneeffectastheirimmunesystemsarestilldeveloping.Actually,vaccinescanworkexactlythesameinbothchildrenandadults.Thevaccinewillproduceanear100percentimmuneresponseinchildren.____3____SothesamevaccinationstrategyhasbeenadoptedforallagegroupsinChina.____4____Avaccinehastogothroughastrictprocedurebeforebeingwidelyusedinaspecificagegroup.Enoughdataneedtobecollectedtogetemergencyuseorcomeontothemarket.Sothemedicalexperimentshavetobeconsideredinadvance.Chinahascarriedoutaseriesofsuchstudies.Basedonresearchresnlts,theriskofnegativereactionsinchildrenisnohigherthanthatofadults.____5____.Sofarthemostfrequentlyreportedthreenegativereactionsarefever,painandtiredness.Atpresent,thegovernmentisplanningtostudychildrenasyoungas6monthsoldinthefuture.A．Willthevaccineworkonchildrenforever?B．IstheCOVID-19vaccinesafeforchildren?C．Theviruswaseithercarriedbyapersonorwithgoods.D．However,thewaythevaccinesworkdiffersfromthatofotherdrugs.E．Someparentsfindthemselveshavingquestionsaboutthevaccination.F．Thishasalsobeenprovedtrueinmedicalexperimentsondifferentagegroups.G．TheCOVID-19vaccinationforchildrenaged3to11hasbeeninprogressforsometime.Sometimeswejustcan’tavoidadiscussionturningintoanargument.Ifyoudostartarguingwithsomeone.itisimportanttokeepthingsundercontrolandtherearewaystodothis.Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.Thatwilljustmaketheotherpersonlosetheirtempertoo.____6____Say“I’msorry”andcontinuetotalkcalmlyandquietly,andthenyourpartnerwillbemorereadytothinkaboutwhatyouaresaying.____7____Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.Justconcentrateonsolvingtheoneproblemyouarehaving.Forexample,ifyou’rearguingaboutthehousework,don’tstarttalkingaboutmobilephonebillsaswell.Andmyfinaltipisthat,ifnecessary,youcancall“Timeout”,likeinasportsmatch.Ifanargumentisgettingoutofcontrol,youcansaytotheotherperson,“l(fā)isten,I’drathertalkaboutthistomorrowwhenwe’vebothcalmeddown”.Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.____8____Also,youmayfindtheproblemmucheasiertosolvewhenyou’vebothhadagoodnight’ssleep.Iwanttosayonelastimportantthing.____9____Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.Ifyoudon’tlearntoargueproperly,thenwhenarealproblemcomesalong,youwon’tbepreparedtofaceittogether.Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.____10____A．Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.B．Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.C．Youmaybelievethatarguingisimpossibletoavoid.D．Thesecondthingisthatyoushouldfindagoodtopic.E．Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.F．Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.G．Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.Thinkabouthowmuchreadingyoudoeveryday.Whenyoulookatit,youmightfindthatreadingisthework-relatedskillthatyouusemostoften!____11____Afterall,ifwecanreadandcomprehendtextbooks,thenaren’twegoodreaders?Maybenot.Giventhetimethatreadingconsumes,itmaybeaskillthatwecanandshouldimprove.____12____Itmeansgettingfasterandmoreefficientatreading,whilestillunderstandingwhatyou’rereading.Althoughyouspendagoodpartofyourdayreading,haveyoueverthoughtabouthowyouread?Howdoyoureyesmakesenseoftheshapesoftheletters,andthenputthoseletterstogethertoformsentencesthatyoucanunderstand?Readingisquiteacomplexskill.Itwaspreviouslybelievedduringreading,botheyesfocusonparticularletters.____13____Scientistsnowbelievethattheeyeslockontodifferentlettersatthesametime,usuallytwocharactersapart.Yourbrainthenfuses(融合)theseimagestogethertoformaword.Thishappensveryswiftly,aswelookthroughpagesoftext！Manypeoplereadatanaveragerateof250wordsperminute.____14____Imagine,then,ifyoucoulddoubleyourrateto500wordsperminute.____15____Youcouldthenspendthesavedtimeonothertasks,ortakeafewextraminutestorelax.Anotherimportantadvantageofspeedreadingisthatitallowsonetobettercomprehendtheoverallstructureofanargument.Thisleadstobetter“bigpicture”understanding,whichcangreatlybenefityourworkandcareer.A．Recentresearchshowsthisisn’tthecase.B．Speedreadinghasagreatmanybenefits.C．Youshouldpracticetoimproveyourreadingspeed.D．Butwhatdoesbecomingabetterreaderinvolve?E．Youcouldreadallofthiscontentinhalfthetime.F．It’salsoaskillthatmostofustakeforgrantedbythetimewereachage12.G．Thismeansthatanaveragepageinabookordocumenttakes1-2minutestoread.HowtoMotivateTeensMotivatingteenagersisnoeasytask.Infact,ithasbeenaquestionforparentsforages.___16___.Remainpositiveatleast70percentofthetimewhendealingwithteenagers.Youngteenagerswillalwaysactnegativelytothenaggings(好嘮叨的人).Everytimeateenagerispushedandnagged,theywillpullfurtherback.So,insteadofscreaming“cleanthatroom”,trysomethingalongthelinesof“Iwouldappreciateitifyoucleanedtheroom”.Itwouldreallyhelpmeouttoday.Talktothemoftenandkeepopenalineofcommunication.Bydoingthistheteenagerswillnotfeellikeaprisoner,butmorelikeapartner.____17____.Appreciatingwhattheyhavedone,insteadoffocusingonwhattheyhavenotdone.Whenajobisdoneintheirminds,avoidimmediatelysaying“youleftAundoneandBwasdonepoorly”.____18____.Thensuggestthatthejobisalmostdone,butafewthingsneedchanged.Keepinmindthatteenagersarestillkids.Don’tmakethemahouseservant.Ahouseworklistisfine.____19____.Makesureyouallowthemtohaveatleastthesameamountoffreetimeastheparents.____20____.Althoughtheresultsmaynotcomeforanother10years,teenagerslearnfromtheactionsoftheirparents.Byworkinghard,stayingpositiveandputtingfamilyfirst,itisextremelylikelythatyourteenagerwillbecomearesponsibleperson.A．SetagoodexampleB．PointoutwhatwasdonerightC．EncourageandsupportyourteenD．TalktoyourteenageraboutyourexpectationsforhimE．However,theystillneedtheirownsparetimetobeakidF．However,withsomeworktherearewaystomotivateteenagersG．ThisisnecessaryforteenagersastheyarefightingforindependenceYoujustcamebackfromlunchsoyouknowyoucan’tbehungry.Yet,youarereachingforabagofchipsorabarofchocolateasyoupreparetoworkonaprojectwhichhasbeencausingyoustressandanxiety.____21____Mostofustendtoovereatwhenwe’refeelingstressedorunderalotofpressure.Whenunderlongperiodsofstress,ourbodiesproducecortisol,ahormone(荷爾蒙)thatcauseshunger.____22____Inaddition,thehormonecausesourbodiestoreactfavorablywhenweconsume(消耗)foodsthatarehighinfatorsugar,orboth.Thesefoods,knownascomfortfoods,docontrolstressintheshortterm,whichexplainswhymanyofusdesireforthem.Stresseatingmaybeaconscious(有意識的)orunconsciousdecision,butitdoespose(引起)severalproblems.PhysicalhealthconcernsofstresseatingConsuminganunnecessarynumberofunhealthyfoodsthatarehighinfatandsugarwillcontributetoweightgain.____23____What’sworse,itcanleadtovariouschronichealthillnessessuchashighbloodpressure.Emotionalconcernsofseekingcomfortfoods____24____However,itdoesnotactuallysolveyourproblems.Insteadoflookingforpracticalsolutionstoastressfulsituation,yourattentionisfocusedongettingquickreliefwithfood.Theseshort-termreliefmeasuresmayactuallytranslateintoalong-termemotionalburdenandaffectyourmentalhealth.MentalhealthconcernsofanxietyeatingEatingtodealwithstressandanxietycaneasilybecomeanunhealthyhabitandmayevenleadtoeatingdisorders.Ifleftunchecked,stresseatingmayprogresstobinge-eatingdisorder.____25____However,itisneitherahealthynorapermanentsolutiontodealwithastressfulsituation.Therearestillmanyothermethodsofhelpingyoufightstressandanxietywithoutsacrificing(犧牲)yourphysicalandmentalwell-being.A．That’sstresseating.B．Thisposesariskofbeingoverweight.C．Thisaffectsaperson’sfoodpreferences.D．Stresseatingcanprovidereliefintimesofstress.E．Stresseatingcanprovideemotionalandmentalcomfort.F．Seekingcomfortinfoodmaygiveyoushort-termstressrelief.G．Itdoesn’tworkforthebenefitofyourbodyshapesinthelongterm,though.ChinawelcomedthreeheroicastronautshomeonApril16.There-entrymodulecarryingastronautstoucheddownsafelyattheDongfengLandingSiteinInnerMongoliaautonomousregion.ThisendedtheShenzhouXIIIastronauts’six-monthspacemission.ThisreturnmarksamajorbreakthroughforChina’seffortsinspace.____26____SpeedrecordThemissionsetanewspeedrecord.TheShenzhouXIIreturncapsulerevolvedaroundtheEarth11timesover24hours.____27____TheShenzhouXIIImissionwassimplifiedtoonlyfiveorbitsandwasdesignedtoreturnmoreefficiently,accordingtotheChineseAcademyofSpaceTechnology.____28____Italsoneededmoreaccurateorbitalcalculations.Thismeantthatwhenthespacecraftseparated,itcouldquicklytargetthelandingarea,calculatethereturnpath,andadjustitsaltitude,WangYa’nan,editor-in-chiefofBeijing-basedAerospaceKnowledgemagazine,toldtheGlobalTimes.TemperaturecontrolAnotherchallengeforastronautsreturningtoEarthistravelingthroughtheatmosphere.Afterthere-entrycapsuleenterstheatmosphere,thereisfiercefrictionwiththeair.____29____Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchersdesignedaheat-resistantcoatingonthesurfaceoftheShenzhouXIIIreturncapsule.Theyalsolaidalayerofaspecialmaterialthattakesawaytheheat.LandingThere-entrycapsulelandeduprightintherightarea.SuchalandingpositionisrareinChina’sspaceflighthistory.____30____Toachievethis,astronautsmustoperateandletgoofparachute(降落傘)withaccuratetiming.Landinguprightistheidealwaytoland,ensuringastronautshavethesoftestlanding,PangZhihao,aspaceflightresearcherinBeijing,toldScienceandTechnologyDaily.A．Wehavemadegreateffortstolandsuccessfullyforyears.B．Let’slookatsomeofthetechnicaldetailsofthemission.C．Somestrategiesmayhelpyoubetterunderstandthemission.D．Thisapproachrequiredmoreprecisecontrolofthespacecraft.E．Thesurfacetemperatureofthecapsulecanreachthousandsofdegrees.F．ShenzhouXIIIshortenedthetimetoabout9hours,orbitingEarthfivetimes.G．Sofar,onlyShenzhouVIandShenzhouXIIIhaveachievedanuprightlanding.Allparentsknowthatyoungchildrenarealwaysenergetic,eagertorun,jumpandplay.Turningthatnaturalenergyintocompetitivesportscanhelpkeepkidsactiveandhealthyastheygrow.Competitivesportssuchassoccer，track，basketballandswimmingcanalsohelpkidslearnimportantlifelessonsaboutteamworkandfairplay.___31___.LearningHowtoCompeteJoininginsportsteacheschildrenandteenagershowtocompeteintherealworld.Astheygrowolder,they'llfacecompetitioninschool,intheworkforceandotherareasoflife.Butthesecompetitionsdon'thavetobenegative（負面的）orunhealthy.___32___.UnderstandingtheValueofExercise___33___

.Inaddition，manychildrenwhoareactiveinsportsareencouragedtoeathealthierfoods，suchasfruitsandvegetables.ImprovingSelf-respectImprovedself-respectisanotherbenefitofcompetitiveyouthsports._____34_____.Evenwhenhedoesn'twin,hecanlearnavaluablelesson:thatyoucan'twineverytime.Losingwithhisteamcanalsoincreaseself-esteem,ashelearnstoholdhisheadhighandfeelproudfortryinghisbest.___35___Youthsportscanhelpstopnegativebehavior,suchasjoiningagang（幫派）,becausecompetitivesportsprovideawayofexpressingtheirenergy,friendshipandcontrolledattackingbehaviour.Teenswhohavepositiveinfluencesandfriendsfeellessofaneedtojoininriskybehaviors.A．ReducingRiskyBehaviorB．DevelopingCharacterValuesC．HerearethebenefitsofcompetitivesportsforyouthD．Ifyoutryyourhardest,youhaveabetterchancetosucceedE．Whenachildwinsagamewithhisteam,hefeelsrecognizedF．TakingpartincompetitiveyouthsportsburnscaloriesandhelpstokeepslimG．PlayingsportscanhelpkidsunderstandhowcompetitionworksinafriendlyenvironmentWritingwhiletravelingcanbeeitherprofessionalorpersonal.Somepeopletravelandwriteaspartoftheirjobs,whileotherssimplywanttomakethemostoutoftheirtravelexperience.___36___Luckily,herearesometipsforyoutomakewritingwhiletravelingamucheasierprocessforyourself.___37___Forexample,ifyouarewaitingforatrain,sittingontheplane,orwaitingtomeetpeopleforlunch,workonyourwriting.You'llfindthatyou'llhavealotoftimewhileyou'retravelingthatyoucantakeadvantageof.___38___Inanaveragedayoftraveling,youcouldpossiblyspendupto60minuteswaitingfortrains,buses,food,andotherpeople.Journaleverynightbeforeyougotobed.Ifyouarewritingtokeepadiaryofyourdestinations,writingthingsdowninajournaleverynightisagoodwaytokeeptrackofeachindividualday.___39___Evenifyou'reexhaustedattheendoftheday,forceyourselftositdownforjust15minutesandnotealltheemotionsandexcitementofthedayyoujusthad.Avoidspendingtoomuchtimewriting.Setawatchoratimeronyourphoneanddoasmuchworkasyoucaninside1to3hours.Afterthat,takeabreakandenjoyyourdestination.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyourwritingistask-basedratherthantime-based.Makesureyou’rewritingasefficientlyaspossible.___40___A．Establishyourwritinghabit.B．Takeadvantageof“deadtime”.C．Makesureyourememberallthelittlethingsaboutyourtrip.D．However,youmayfinditdifficulttowritesometimesduringtravel.E．Peopleoftenforgetimportantdetailsoftheirtravelassoonasthenextday.F．Tomakethemostofthistime,carryapenandnotebookeverywhereyougo.G．Ofcourse,thiswillbelessofaproblemifyouplantosetasideonefulldayeachweekforwriting.Asaseniorhighstudent,herearefivethingsyoushouldknowbeforeyoustartcollege.1.Everycollegehasdifferentrulesonwhatyoucanbring.____41____Rulesvaryfromschooltoschool,andyoumaywanttoholdoffonbuyingthatmini-fridge/microwaveuntilyoumakesureyoucanhavetheminyourdorm.2.Youmightnotlikeyourroommate.Foryournewterm,you’llhaveapickedroommate.____42____Thiscanbeuncomfortable,butrememberthatwithclasses,youprobablywon’tbeinyourroomanyway.3.Therearetonsofthingstodo.Thelastthinganyoneshouldbeworriedaboutisbeingboredoncampus.____43____They’renothardtofind,either.Thereareoftenpostersallaroundcampusforthingstodoandclubstojoin.Someclubsevenhavetheirownsocialmediasites,whichcouldhelpyoulearnabouttheclubs.4.____44____Inordertomakesureyoucangraduateontimewithoutanydifficulty,it’sagoodideatodecideonyourcoursesearly.Butkeepinmindthatyourplanwon’tbewritteninstone.Manystudentschangetheirmajorsatleastonceduringtheirtimeincollege,andthisisagoodthing.5.Youcangetgoodgradesandhavefun.Acommonfearwhenstartingcollegeisthattherewillbetimeforeitherstudyingorhavingfun,butnotboth.Thetruthisthatwithgoodtimemanagementitispossibletogetgoodgradesinallyourclassesandstillhavetimetobeinclubsandgohavefun.____45____A．Figureoutwhenyouwillgraduate.B．Planoutyouracademiccareerearly.C．Foodisanimportantpartofthecampusexperience.D．Almosteverycollegehasahostofstudentclubsandorganizations.E．Ifyoumanageyourschedulewell,youmayevengetenoughsleep,too.F．You’dbettercheckwhetheryoucanbringyouritemsbeforeyoumovein.G．Whileit’spossiblethatyouwillbethebestfriends,youmightnotgetalong.HowtoReduceGiftWrapWasteWrappingpapermayhave“paper”initsname,butthatdoesn’tautomaticallymeanitcanberecycled.___46___Trythesesuggestionsforcuttingdowntheamountofwrappingpaperyouthrowaway.Reusewhatyouhave.____47____It’sestimatedthattheU.S.produces4.6millionpoundsofwrappingpaperannually,and2.3millionpoundsofthatstaysinpeople’shomes,awaitingreuse.Usedifferentmaterials.___48___Selectbasicbrownthickpaperthatcanbemadeupwithabow,ribbons,leaves,pineconesormarkers.Repurposenewspapers,oldpostersandchildren’sschoolartworksaswrappingpaper.Thereareplentyofothereco-friendlyalternativestowrappingpaperthatarejustdelightfulandcelebratory.___49___Usebaskets,fabric,giftboxesorbags,teatowels,andmoretocontainanddisplayyourpresents.LearntheJapaneseartofwrapping,usingbeautifulknots(繩結(jié))tofastencolorful,reusablefabricsinattractiveways.Thisway,you’llhavenowrappingpaperwastetodealwith.Askforbetterpaper.Shopsstorewhatcustomerswant,andrecyclabilityshouldbeatoppriority,soletthatbeknownwhenyou’reoutshopping.AsexplainedbySimonEllin,CEOoftheRecyclingAssociation,atradebodythatrepresentsabout90wastemanagementcompaniesandpapermerchantsintheUnitedKingdom,“It’sacampaignwe’vebeenonallyear—doyoureallyneedtodesignanon-paperwrappingpaper?Makepaperwithrecyclinginmind!”___50___A．Tryzerowaste.B．Shopwiththatinmind,too.C．Youdon’thavetochooseshiningpapertodecorateapresent.D．Infact,manytypesofwrappingpapercannotduetotheirmaterials.E．Whenwrappingpaperisextremelythin,ithasfewgoodqualityfibersforrecycling.F．Wrappingpapercanbeusedmanytimesifcareistakentounwrapitwithouttearing.G．Havingamixofrecyclableandnon-recyclablepapersisarealproblemforcompanies.【參考答案】***試卷處理標記，請不要刪除1．無1、E牝2、D牝3、F牝4、B牝5、G【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論家長們關(guān)于兒童疫苗接種的幾個疑惑牝1、根據(jù)下文“Whydochildrengetthesamedosageasadults?(為什么孩子的計量和成年人一樣？)”及“CanchildrenhavefullimmunityafterreceivingtheCOVID-19vaccine?(兒童在接受COVID-19疫苗后能否獲得完全免疫力？)”可知，下文的幾個標題是家長們關(guān)于兒童疫苗接種的幾個疑惑。E項“Someparentsfindthemselveshavingquestionsaboutthevaccination.(一些父母發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對疫苗接種有疑問)”引出下文，指出家長們具體的問題與困惑。故選E項。牝2、下文“Theprocessofvaccinestakingeffecthasnorelationwiththeweightandbodysurfaceareaofthereceiver.Infact,forthemajorityofvaccines,therecommendeddosesforbothbabiesandadultsarethesame.(疫苗生效的過程與受體的重量和體表面積無關(guān)。事實上，對于大多數(shù)疫苗，嬰兒和成人的推薦劑量是相同的)”解釋嬰兒和成人的疫苗劑量相同的原因。D項“However,thewaythevaccinesworkdiffersfromthatofotherdrugs.(然而，疫苗的工作原理和其他藥物不一樣)”引出下文，故選D項。牝3、上文“Someparentsdoubtwhethervaccinatingchildrenaged3to11canproducethedueimmuneeffectastheirimmunesystemsarestilldeveloping.Actually,vaccinescanworkexactlythesameinbothchildrenandadults.Thevaccinewillproduceanear100percentimmuneresponseinchildren.(一些父母懷疑為3至11歲的兒童接種疫苗是否能產(chǎn)生應(yīng)有的免疫作用，因為他們的免疫系統(tǒng)仍在發(fā)育中。實際上，疫苗在兒童和成人中的作用完全相同。該疫苗將在兒童中產(chǎn)生近100%的免疫反應(yīng))”及下文“SothesamevaccinationstrategyhasbeenadoptedforallagegroupsinChina.(因此，中國所有年齡組都采用了相同的疫苗接種策略)”說明疫苗在兒童和成人中的作用完全相同。該疫苗將在兒童中產(chǎn)生近100%的免疫反應(yīng)。F項“Thishasalsobeenprovedtrueinmedicalexperimentsondifferentagegroups.(在不同年齡組的醫(yī)學(xué)實驗中也證明了這一點)”承上啟下，說明免疫效果已經(jīng)被驗證。故選F項。牝4、下文“Avaccinehastogothroughastrictprocedurebeforebeingwidelyusedinaspecificagegroup.Enoughdataneedtobecollectedtogetemergencyuseorcomeontothemarket.Sothemedicalexperimentshavetobeconsideredinadvance.Chinahascarriedoutaseriesofsuchstudies.Basedonresearchresnlts,theriskofnegativereactionsinchildrenisnohigherthanthatofadults.(疫苗在特定年齡組廣泛使用之前必須經(jīng)過嚴格的程序。需要收集足夠的數(shù)據(jù)才能緊急使用或進入市場。因此，醫(yī)學(xué)實驗必須提前考慮。中國已經(jīng)開展了一系列此類研究。根據(jù)研究，兒童發(fā)生負面反應(yīng)的風險并不高于成人)”說明疫苗在使用之前已經(jīng)經(jīng)過嚴格的試驗。故推知疫苗對兒童來說是安全的。B項“IstheCOVID-19vaccinesafeforchildren?(接種COVID-19疫苗對兒童來說安全嗎？)”是家長們另一個擔心。下文是對B項問題的解釋。故選B項。牝5、下文“Sofarthemostfrequentlyreportedthreenegativereactionsarefever,painandtiredness.(到目前為止，報道中最頻繁的三種負面反應(yīng)是：發(fā)燒，疼痛和疲倦)”說明疫苗接種后的負面反應(yīng)。G項“TheCOVID-19vaccinationforchildrenaged3to11hasbeeninprogressforsometime.(針對3至11歲兒童的COVID-19疫苗接種已經(jīng)進行了一段時間)”，與下文構(gòu)成遞進關(guān)系，故選G項。6、G牝7、A牝8、F牝9、B牝10、E【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要告訴我們，當我們無法避免把一場討論變成一場爭論時，控制爭論是很重要的，以及控制爭論的一些方法。牝6、本段第一句Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.(最重要的是：不要提高嗓門。)是本段主題句，G項“Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在這樣做，停下來，并且深呼吸。)”對此主題句做出進一步解釋，其中的指示代詞this指的就是上文的“提高嗓門”，即“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己提高了嗓門，就請停下來，并且深呼吸?！惫蔬xG項。牝7、下文“Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.(盡量專注于你所談?wù)摰脑掝}。)”談的是要盡量專注于你所談?wù)摰脑掝}，并且舉例說明，是對段首句的解釋。所以此空位于句首，A項“Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.(不要離題也是非常重要的。)”作為段落主題句，符合題意。故選Ａ項。牝8、上文“Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.(第二天你們可以繼續(xù)討論，也許那時你們倆都感到不那么緊張和憤怒了。)”說的是暫停并冷靜之后的好處就是“不再感到那么緊張和憤怒了”。所以接著用F項“Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.(當你們都冷靜時，你們更有可能達成協(xié)議。)”繼續(xù)說暫停并冷靜之后的好處是“有可能達成協(xié)議”。故選Ｆ項。牝9、下文“Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.(這不是真的。沖突是生活的正常部分，處理它是任何關(guān)系的重要組成部分。)”中的“This”就是指上文B項“Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.(有些人認為爭論總是不好的。)，即“爭論總是不好的”這種認為不是真的。然后繼續(xù)解釋，有爭論有沖突都是正常的事。故選Ｂ項。牝10、上文“Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.(你可以把這些小小的爭論看作是訓(xùn)練。學(xué)習如何清晰而公平地爭論。)”告訴我們?nèi)绾稳幷摚珽項“Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.(這將幫助你們的關(guān)系變得更牢固，持續(xù)得更久。)”進一步說明這樣做的好處，其中代詞it指代的就是上文內(nèi)容。故選Ｅ項。11、F牝12、D牝13、A牝14、G牝15、E【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了考慮到閱讀所消耗的時間，它可能是一種我們可以并且應(yīng)該提高的技能，同時論述了提高閱讀速度的好處。牝11、根據(jù)后文“Afterall,ifwecanreadandcomprehendtextbooks,thenaren’twegoodreaders?(畢竟，如果我們可以閱讀和理解教科書，那么我們不是好讀者嗎?)”可知，后文提及了教科書，說明設(shè)空句應(yīng)與“上學(xué)”有關(guān)，選項F.It’salsoaskillthatmostofustakeforgrantedbythetimewereachage12.(在我們12歲的時候，這也是一項大多數(shù)人認為理所當然的技能。)提及的年齡為學(xué)齡階段，且句中的“It’salsoaskill”與前文“Whenyoulookatit,youmightfindthatreadingisthework-relatedskillthatyouusemostoften!”形成遞進關(guān)系，符合語境。故選F項。牝12、根據(jù)后文“Itmeansgettingfasterandmoreefficientatreading,whilestillunderstandingwhatyou’rereading.(這意味著在理解你所讀內(nèi)容的同時，你的閱讀速度更快，效率更高。)”可知，本句應(yīng)是答語，因此可以推知設(shè)空句應(yīng)是問句。選項D.Butwhatdoesbecomingabetterreaderinvolve?(但是如何成為一個更好的讀者呢?)符合語境。故選D項。牝13、設(shè)空處在段中，應(yīng)是承前啟后句。分析可知，前文“Itwaspreviouslybelievedduringreading,botheyesfocusonparticularletters.(以前人們認為在閱讀時，兩只眼睛都盯著特定的字母)”與后文“Scientistsnowbelievethattheeyeslockontodifferentlettersatthesametime,usuallytwocharactersapart.(科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在認為，眼睛同時盯著不同的字母，通常是兩個分開的字符。)”在觀點上有所不同。因此設(shè)空句應(yīng)是承前啟后句。選項A.Recentresearchshowsthisisn’tthecase.(最近的研究表明事實并非如此。)中recentresearch與后文scientists相呼應(yīng)，this則呼應(yīng)前文觀點，符合語境。故選A項。牝14、分析可知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)是對前文內(nèi)容的進一步解釋。根據(jù)前文“Manypeoplereadatanaveragerateof250wordsperminute.(許多人的平均閱讀速度是每分鐘250字。)”可知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)對閱讀速度進行進一步的解釋。選項G.Thismeansthatanaveragepageinabookordocumenttakes1-2minutestoread.(這意味著一本書或一份文件的平均一頁需要1-2分鐘來閱讀。)符合語境。故選G項。牝15、根據(jù)前文“Imagine,then,ifyoucoulddoubleyourrateto500wordsperminute.(想象一下，如果你能把速度提高一倍，達到每分鐘500字。)”可知，講述的是提高閱讀速度為原來的一倍，因此設(shè)空句應(yīng)是對其結(jié)果進行描述，提高了速度，節(jié)省了時間或閱讀一本書花費的時間就少了。選項E.Youcouldreadallofthiscontentinhalfthetime.(你可以用一半的時間讀完所有的內(nèi)容。)符合語境。故選E項。16、F牝17、G牝18、B牝19、E牝20、A【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者主要介紹了如何激勵青少年。牝16、上文“Motivatingteenagersisnoeasytask.Infact,ithasbeenaquestionforparentsforages.（激勵青少年并非易事。事實上，多年來，這一直是家長們的問題。）”分析文章可知，本文章第一段的作用是為了引出下文。所以空處應(yīng)是第一段的中心句，再結(jié)合上文?？芍x項F“However,withsomeworktherearewaystomotivateteenagers（然而，通過一些工作，有一些方法可以激勵青少年）”符合題意。故選F項。牝17、上文“Talktothemoftenandkeepopenalineofcommunication.（經(jīng)常與他們交談，保持開放的溝通渠道）”是本段的主題句。以及“Bydoingthistheteenagerswillnotfeellikeaprisoner,butmorelikeapartner.（通過這樣做，青少年不會覺得自己像一個囚犯，而是更像一個伙伴）”可知這樣做青少年會慢慢變得獨立。選項G“Thisisnecessaryforteenagersastheyarefightingforindependence（這對青少年來說是必要的，因為他們正在為獨立而戰(zhàn)）”符合遞進關(guān)系。故選G項。牝18、上文“Appreciatingwhattheyhavedone,insteadoffocusingonwhattheyhavenotdone.（欣賞他們所做的，而不是關(guān)注他們沒有做的）”是本段的主題句?？芍P(guān)注他們做得對的地方。選項B“Pointoutwhatwasdoneright（指出做得對的地方）”符合題意。故選B項。牝19、上文“Keepinmindthatteenagersarestillkids.（記住，青少年還是孩子）”是本段的主題句。下文“Makesureyouallowthemtohaveatleastthesameamountoffreetimeastheparents.（確保你給他們至少和父母一樣多的自由時間）”結(jié)合上下文可知選項E“However,theystillneedtheirownsparetimetobeakid（然而，他們?nèi)匀恍枰约旱臉I(yè)余時間作為一個孩子）”符合題意。故選E項。牝20、此空處是本段的主題句，下文“Althoughtheresultsmaynotcomeforanother10years,teenagerslearnfromtheactionsoftheirparents.（雖然研究結(jié)果可能要10年后才能出來，但青少年可以從父母的行為中學(xué)習）”可知，父母的榜樣示范作用也是非常重要的。而選項A“Setagoodexample（樹立一個好榜樣）”符合題意。故選A項。21、A牝22、C牝23、B牝24、F牝25、D【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了什么是壓力飲食以及壓力飲食的壞處。牝21、根據(jù)下文“Mostofustendtoovereatwhenwe’refeelingstressedorunderalotofpressure.”（當我們感到壓力或承受很大壓力時，我們大多數(shù)人往往會暴飲暴食。）說明我們感覺壓力的時候會吃太多，是對A選項That’sstresseating.（那是壓力飲食。）的進一步解釋。故選A項。牝22、根據(jù)下文“Inaddition,thehormonecausesourbodiestoreactfavorablywhenweconsume(消耗)foodsthatarehighinfatorsugar,orboth.”（此外，當我們消耗高脂肪或高糖食物時，這種激素會使我們的身體產(chǎn)生積極的反應(yīng)，或兩者兼而有之。）說明這種荷爾蒙導(dǎo)致我們產(chǎn)生了對特定食物的偏好，與C選項Thisaffectsaperson’sfoodpreferences.（這會影響一個人的食物偏好。）相一致。故選C項。牝23、根據(jù)上文“Consuminganunnecessarynumberofunhealthyfoodsthatarehighinfatandsugarwillcontributeto